高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷22 应用文——半正式语域：得体性（请求、致谢、投诉） 导学案含答案

这是一份高考英语 重难点专项突破练习卷22 应用文——半正式语域：得体性（请求、致谢、投诉） 导学案含答案，共13页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
应用文写作中，语域的把握是得分的关键。所谓“半正式语域”，介于正式与非正式之间，常见于学生与老师、顾客与服务人员、同事之间等社会关系。得体性体现在：语气恰当、措辞准确、符合身份关系。近三年高考书面表达中，请求信、致谢信、投诉信是高频考查体裁，而考生失分的主要原因往往是语气不当（过于生硬或过于随意）。
一、半正式语域的特征
二、得体性的三个维度
① 身份关系：根据收信人身份选择合适语气。对老师、长辈、机构用礼貌客气的半正式；对朋友、同学可用稍显随意的口语。
② 目的需求：请求要委婉，致谢要真诚，投诉要有理有据而不失礼貌。
③ 文化习惯：英语应用文讲究“礼貌原则”，即使是投诉也要先肯定再指出问题，避免直接指责。
三、三类文体的核心要点
1. 请求信：开头表明请求（I'm writing t ask if...），说明理由，表达感谢和期待。常用句型：I was wndering if yu culd... / Wuld it be pssible t... / I'd appreciate it if yu culd...
2. 致谢信：开头直接感谢，提及具体帮助内容，表达感受，并适当回馈（如邀请对方）。常用句型：I'm writing t thank yu fr... / I'm s grateful fr yur help. / Yur kindness meant a lt t me.
3. 投诉信：开头表明投诉事宜，说明问题细节，表达期望的解决方案，语气冷静有理。常用句型：I'm afraid I have a cmplaint abut... / I was disappinted t find that... / I wuld appreciate it if yu culd...
四、示例题目：写一封邮件感谢外国朋友在你生病期间对你的照顾。高分作文用了“I'm writing t express my heartfelt thanks fr yur care while I was ill.”这样的半正式表达，既真诚又不失礼貌。
专项突破
一、得体性判断与修改（判断下列句子语气是否得体，若不得体请给出修改建议）
1. 给老师写信请求延长作业期限： "I need mre time fr the hmewrk. Give me anther week."
2. 感谢朋友帮你搬家： "Thanks a millin fr helping me mve! Yu're a lifesaver!"
3. 投诉网购商品质量问题： "Yur prduct is terrible. I want my mney back right nw."
4. 向教授咨询选课建议： "Hey Prfessr, what curses shuld I take next semester?"
5. 感谢老师指导论文： "I am writing t express my sincere appreciatin fr yur guidance n my thesis."
6. 请求图书馆延长借书期限： "I want t keep the bk lnger."
7. 投诉餐厅服务： "The service was slw and the waiter was rude." （直接这样写是否合适？）
8. 向公司客户服务部询问订单状态： "Where's my rder? It's been tw weeks!"
9. 感谢陌生人的帮助： "Thanks fr yur help. I we yu ne."
10. 请求同事帮忙完成项目： "Can yu help me with this prject? It's urgent."
11. 向学校申请调换宿舍： "I dn't like my rmmate. Change my rm."
12. 感谢教授写推荐信： "Thank yu fr writing the recmmendatin letter fr me. I really appreciate it."
13. 投诉航班延误并要求赔偿： "Yur flight was late. I demand cmpensatin."
14. 请求邻居晚上安静一点： "Culd yu please keep the nise dwn after 10 p.m.? I have truble sleeping."
15. 感谢导师在求职中的帮助： "Thanks fr yur advice n my jb applicatin. It helped a lt."
16. 请求教授延期提交申请： "I was wndering if it might be pssible t have an extensin n the applicatin deadline."
17. 投诉酒店房间不干净： "The rm was dirty. I want a refund."
18. 感谢朋友送的礼物： "Thank yu fr the wnderful gift! It's exactly what I wanted."
19. 请求书店保留一本书： "Please hld that bk fr me. I'll cme get it tmrrw."
20. 感谢志愿者活动组织者： "I'm writing t thank yu fr rganizing such a meaningful vlunteer activity."
二、情景写作（根据情景写出得体的句子）
21. 你想请教授帮你写一封推荐信，你会如何开头？
22. 朋友在你生病时每天给你送饭，你想写封邮件感谢他/她，第一句怎么写？
23. 你在网上买的衣服尺寸不对，想给客服写封投诉信，说明问题并提出解决方案。
24. 你想邀请外国朋友参加你的生日派对，但你知道他可能很忙，如何委婉询问？
25. 你向图书馆借的书快到期了，但还需要继续使用，如何请求续借？
26. 你作为学生会主席，想请校长出席闭幕式并致辞，如何措辞？
27. 你收到一位陌生人的帮助（帮你找回丢失的钱包），想写封感谢信，如何表达？
28. 你预订的酒店房间被重复预订，前台无法解决，你想给经理写投诉信。
29. 你想请老师对你的演讲稿提些建议，如何礼貌请求？
30. 你感谢一位学长在选课方面给你的建议，并告诉他结果很好。
31. 你网购的电子产品坏了，还在保修期内，如何向客服写信要求维修？
32. 你想请邻居在你去度假时帮忙照看植物，如何请求？
33. 你收到一位教授赠送的书籍，想写封感谢信。
34. 你参加的夏令营因天气原因取消，你想询问退款事宜。
35. 你感谢志愿者在社区活动中的辛勤工作，作为组织者写封感谢信。
36. 你向公司申请实习，但需要对方提供更多信息，如何写咨询邮件？
37. 你感谢朋友在你备考期间的理解和支持。
38. 你投诉外卖送错餐品，希望商家退款或重送。
39. 你想请教授指导你的科研项目，如何提出请求？
40. 你感谢房东在租房期间对你的照顾，并告知即将搬离。
三、礼貌用语匹配
41. 请求帮助 (一般) A. I wuld like t express my sincere aplgies fr...
42. 请求帮助 (正式) B. I'm writing t cmplain abut...
43. 感谢 (一般) C. Culd yu
44. 感谢 (正式) D. I was wndering if yu culd...
45. 投诉 (一般) E. Thank yu s much fr...
46. 投诉 (正式) F. I'm writing t express my dissatisfactin with...
47. 道歉 (一般) G. I'm s srry fr...
48. 道歉 (正式) H. Thanks a lt!
49. 咨询信息 (一般) I. I am writing t inquire abut...
50. 咨询信息 (正式) J. I'd like t knw if...
四、语篇填空（每空一词）
Dear Mr. Jhnsn,
I am writing t 51.________ (请求) yur permissin t use the schl auditrium fr ur club's annual exhibitin n May 20th. We have prepared varius activities t shwcase ur achievements. 52.________ (我想知道) if it wuld be pssible t bk it frm 2 p.m. t 5 p.m.
I wuld als like t 53.________ (感谢) yu fr yur cntinuus supprt t ur club. Last year's exhibitin was a great success 54.________ (由于) yur help.
55.________ (如果你能) let me knw by the end f this week, I wuld be mst grateful. Please feel free t 56.________ (联系) me if yu need mre details.
57.________ (真诚的),
Li Hua
51.________ 52.________ 53.________ 54.________ 55.________ 56.________ 57.________
Dear Custmer Service,
I am writing t 58.________ (投诉) abut a recent purchase I made n yur website. Order #12345 arrived yesterday, but unfrtunately, the item is damaged.
59.________ (我感到失望) as this prduct was intended as a gift. I have attached phts f the damage. 60.________ (我将感激) if yu culd arrange a replacement r issue a refund.
61.________ (请告知) me hw yu wuld like t prceed. I lk frward t yur prmpt respnse.
62.________ (此致),
Zhang Wei
58.________ 59.________ 60.________ 61.________ 62.________
五、整篇写作（根据情景完成整封信，词数80-100）
63. 你刚参加完一次国际文化交流活动，想给组织者写一封感谢信，感谢他们的精心安排，并提及你最喜欢的活动环节。
64. 你在网上订购了一本书，收到后发现缺页，给客服写一封投诉信，要求换货。
65. 你想申请暑期志愿者项目，但网站上信息不全，给主办方写一封咨询信，询问报名截止日期、服务内容和食宿安排。
66. 你收到一位教授的邀请，参加他的研究项目，但由于时间冲突无法参加，写一封谢绝信，表达感谢并说明理由。
67. 你作为班长，想请英语老师为班级英语角活动提供一些建议，写一封请求信。
68. 你刚从国外旅游回来，想给在旅途中帮助过你的当地向导写一封感谢信。
69. 你网购的耳机质量有问题，写一封投诉信要求退款。
70. 你收到一家公司的实习录用通知，但由于个人原因无法接受，写一封谢绝信。
参考答案及解析
一、得体性判断与修改
1. 不得体。修改：Culd I pssibly have an extensin n the hmewrk? I wuld really appreciate it.
2. 得体（朋友间非正式可以）。
3. 不得体。修改：I'm afraid I have a cmplaint abut the prduct I purchased. It is nt as described and I wuld like a refund.
4. 不得体。修改：Dear Prfessr, I wuld be grateful if yu culd give me sme advice n curse selectin fr next semester.
5. 得体。
6. 不得体。修改：I was wndering if it wuld be pssible t renew the bk fr anther week.
7. 尚可，但可以更礼貌：I was disappinted with the service as it was slw and the waiter seemed a bit rude.
8. 不得体。修改：Culd yu please update me n the status f my rder? It has been tw weeks since I placed it.
9. 得体（半正式，可用于感谢陌生人）。
10. 尚可，同事间可接受。但更礼貌：Wuld yu be able t help me with this prject? It's urgent and I'd really appreciate yur assistance.
11. 不得体。修改：I wuld like t request a rm change due t sme difficulties with my current rmmate. Culd yu please advise n the prcedure?
12. 得体。
13. 不得体。修改：I am writing t express my cncern abut the flight delay. I wuld like t knw if cmpensatin is available.
14. 得体。
15. 得体。
16. 得体。
17. 不得体。修改：I was disappinted t find that the rm was nt as clean as expected. I wuld appreciate it if yu culd lk int this matter.
18. 得体。
19. 尚可，但更礼貌：Wuld it be pssible t hld that bk fr me? I can pick it up tmrrw.
20. 得体。
二、情景写作（示例）
21. I am writing t respectfully ask if yu wuld be willing t write a letter f recmmendatin fr me.
22. I'm writing t thank yu fr taking care f me during my illness. Yur kindness meant s much.
23. I'm afraid I have a prblem with an item I rdered. The size is t small, and I wuld like t exchange it fr a larger ne.
24. I'm having a small birthday party this Saturday. I'd lve fr yu t cme if yu're free. N pressure at all!
25. I was wndering if it wuld be pssible t renew the bk fr anther week as I still need it fr my research.
26. On behalf f the Student Unin, I wuld like t invite yu t attend the clsing ceremny and deliver a speech. We wuld be hnred by yur presence.
27. I'm writing t express my heartfelt thanks fr returning my lst wallet. Yur hnesty is truly appreciated.
28. I am writing t reprt an issue with my reservatin. It appears my rm was duble-bked. I wuld appreciate yur assistance in reslving this.
29. Wuld yu be willing t give me sme feedback n my speech draft? I wuld value yur suggestins.
30. Thank yu s much fr yur advice n curse selectin. I fllwed yur suggestin and it wrked ut really well!
31. I am writing t request a repair fr a prduct purchased frm yur stre. It is still under warranty and has stpped wrking.
32. Culd yu pssibly water my plants while I'm away n vacatin next week? I'd be very grateful.
33. Thank yu very much fr the bk yu sent me. It was very thughtful f yu, and I am enjying it immensely.
34. I wuld like t inquire abut the refund plicy fr the summer camp, as it was cancelled due t weather.
35. On behalf f the cmmunity, I want t thank all the vlunteers fr their hard wrk during the event. Yur dedicatin made it a success.
36. I am interested in the internship psitin advertised. Culd yu please prvide mre infrmatin abut the applicatin prcess?
37. Thank yu fr being s understanding during my exam perid. Yur supprt really helped me stay fcused.
38. I'm afraid my rder arrived with the wrng items. Culd yu please arrange a replacement r refund?
39. I wuld be hnred if yu culd supervise my research prject. I am very interested in yur field f study.
40. Thank yu fr being such a wnderful landlrd. I have enjyed living here and will be sad t leave. I will ensure everything is in rder befre mving ut.
三、礼貌用语匹配
41-D, 42-C, 43-E, 44-(无), 45-B, 46-F, 47-G, 48-A, 49-J, 50-I.
四、语篇填空
51. request / ask fr 52. I was wndering 53. thank 54. thanks t / because f 55. If yu culd 56. cntact 57. Yurs sincerely 58. cmplain 59. I am disappinted 60. I wuld appreciate it 61. Please let me knw 62. Yurs faithfully / Best regards
五、整篇写作（范文略，但给出要点）
63-70略，教师可参考前面情景写作示例进行批改，要点包括：正确称呼、礼貌语气、清晰目的、具体细节、恰当结尾。
教学使用建议： 建议学生先理解得体性的三个维度，然后通过判断修改体会常见错误，再通过情景写作练习具体表达。教师可组织互评，重点关注语气是否恰当、措辞是否准确。最后整篇写作可布置为课后作业。
维度
正式
半正式（得体）
非正式
称呼
Dear Sir/Madam,
Dear Mr. Smith, / Dear Prfessr Li,
Hi Jhn,
请求用语
I wuld be grateful if yu culd...
Culd yu please... / I was wndering if...
Can
致谢用语
I wish t express my sincere gratitude...
Thank yu s much fr... / I really appreciate...
Thanks a lt!
投诉用语
I am writing t express my dissatisfactin...
I'm afraid there's been a prblem... / I'd like t bring yur attentin t...
This is terrible! Yu messed up!
结尾
Yurs faithfully,
Best regards, / Yurs sincerely,
Cheers, / Take care,