译林2024初中英语八下Unit1Past and Present过去和现在 话题阅读练习（无答案）

这是一份译林2024初中英语八下Unit1Past and Present过去和现在 话题阅读练习（无答案），共10页。
Unit 1 Past and Present 过去和现在话题阅读精练 时文阅读Passage1China’s High-Speed Rail: A New Milestone中国高铁:新的里程碑On December 26th, the Xi'an-Yan'an High-Speed Railway opened with the Fuxing train C9309 leaving Yan'an Station. This made China's high-speed rail (HSR) network reach over 50,000 kilometers, a world record! 12 月 26 日，随着复兴号智能动车组 C9309 次列车驶出延安站，西延高铁正式开通运营。这一事件让中国高铁网的运营里程突破 5 万公里，创下世界纪录！China's HSR forms an "eight vertical and eight horizontal" grid, linking cities across the country.  中国高铁构建起 “八纵八横” 的网络格局，将全国各地的城市连接起来。It has greatly changed people's lives: 500 km takes 1-2 hours, 1,000 km about 4 hours, and even 2,000 km can be finished in a day. 它极大地改变了人们的生活：500 公里的路程只需 1-2 小时，1000 公里约 4 小时，甚至 2000 公里的行程也能在一天内完成。Every day, HSR can carry up to 16 million passengers and serves 97% of Chinese cities with over 500,000 people.  高铁每天可运送多达 1600 万名乘客，服务于 97% 人口超 50 万的中国城市。China's HSR is the world's longest, even longer than all other countries' combined. Its technology, from Harmony to Fuxing, is top-notch. 中国高铁的里程位居全球第一，甚至超过了其他所有国家的总和。从和谐号到复兴号，其技术处于顶尖水平。Foreign visitors love its smooth ride and call it a "wonder of technology". Besides carrying people, HSR also drives regional development and green travel. With more investment, China's HSR will have more innovations in the future. 外国游客喜爱它平稳的乘坐体验，并称其为 “科技奇迹”。除了运送旅客，高铁还推动区域发展、助力绿色出行。随着更多的投入，中国高铁未来将迎来更多创新。【长难句分析】‌1.China's HSR forms an "eight vertical and eight horizontal" grid, linking cities across the country.  ‌翻译:‌ 中国高铁构建起 “八纵八横” 的网络格局，将全国各地的城市连接起来。‌重点:‌ "linking cities across the country"（linking是现在分词做伴随状语）；"across the country"（在全国）同义词组: all over the country。‌2.Besides carrying people, HSR also drives regional development and green travel.翻译：除了运送旅客，高铁还推动区域发展、助力绿色出行。重点：besides是介词，意思是"除了（包括在内)"，其后接名词或动名词作宾语。【重难词汇梳理】record (n/v.)‌ 记录 form (v.)‌ 形成；构建vertical (adj.)‌ 垂直的 horizontal (adj.)‌ 水平的grid (n.)‌ 网格 passenger (n.)‌ 乘客harmony (n.)‌ 和谐 regional (adj.)‌ 区域的investment (n.)‌ 投资 innovation (n.)‌ 创新Passage2An Edible Water Bottle可食用环保水瓶 【长难句分析】‌1.However, one summer vacation, when she visited her favorite beach, she couldn't help but notice the plastic water bottles everywhere.‌翻译:‌ 然而，有一年暑假，当她在她最喜欢的海滩上玩时，她看到到处都是塑料水瓶。‌重点:‌ "can't help but do sth"（不得不；只能）；"however"（然而）表示转折，在句中位置灵活，但需用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。‌2. As Madison thinks about the future of the Eco-Hero, she says she wants to do more tests to improve the water bottle and make it stronger and bigger.翻译：当Madison思考Eco-Hero 的未来时，她说她想做更多的测试来改进这款水瓶，让它变得更坚固、更大。重点：本句是一个复合句。As Madison thinks about the future of the Eco-Hero为as引导的时间状语从句；主句中的she wants to... make it stronger and bigger 为省略了引导词that 的宾语从句，作says的宾语。【重难词汇梳理】invention (n.)‌ 发明；发明物 edible (adj.)‌ 可食用的finalist (n.)‌ 决赛选手 process (n.)‌ 过程research (n.)‌ 研究 competition (n.)‌ 比赛easily (adv.)‌ 容易地 pollution (n.)‌ 污染difference (n.)‌ 区别 combine (vt.)‌ 结合实战演练Passage1When we think about 2050, it seems that it is far from now and it will be a totally different world. But in fact, it is just about 25 years from now and we can already know what will be possible to have by that time. Now, let’s have a look at some predictions about 2050 together. First, AI (人工智能) will bring more jobs in 2050. Many people worry about AI in our lives because they think robots will do all the jobs and we won’t have jobs. But according to (根据) a survey, AI will bring 2.3 million jobs and make only 1.8 million jobs disappear. Second, space travel will be possible in 2050. According to Business Insider, people can travel in space in 2050. But it will only be for wealthy people, because the travel to space will cost about 100 million dollars for just one week.Last, self-driving cars will make driving safer (更加安全的). Self-driving cars will make traffic-related (有关联的) deaths less possible and driving safer. And they can also bring changes (变化) in our lives, too. We will have more time for ourselves. Will all these come true? Perhaps the future is much nearer than we think. 1．What does the underlined word “wealthy” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Rich.B．Healthy.C．Successful.D．Outgoing.2．What will your life be like in 2050 if you have a self-driving car?A．You can drive it to space.B．You can travel anywhere you want.C．You will drive it faster than usual cars.D．You will have more free time.3．What will happen in the future according to the passage?A．AI will surely make robots do all the jobs for humans. B．Life in 50 years will be the same. C．Space travel may come true in 2050. D．Self-driving cars will make driving less safe. 4．What’s the best title for the passage?A．Life in the PastB．Predictions for the FutureC．Robots in the FutureD．Problems in the Future Passage2With the development (发展) of technology (科技), education is changing. The classroom of the future will not be the same as the classroom of today. So what will the future classroom be like? Let’s try to find it out. There will be no blackboard in the classroom. Students will take classes by looking at their touch-screen (触摸屏的) desks. And doing homework, writing down notes, and taking tests will be just a click away (点击鼠标即可). The walls of the classroom will also be full of screens. In the coming years, students and teachers will not be studying face-to-face at school. Teachers and students can get into a virtual classroom, but in real life, they may be sitting on the sofa at home. The experience will be like being in a real classroom. Students can also “visit” historical places, see the geography of the planet, “travel” around the world, and much more. Future classrooms will bring students different learning methods. Each student can choose a learning method that they are interested in. This will help students learn faster and get better grades. 1．What might happen according to the second paragraph?A．Students won’t need to take classes. B．There will be no desks in the classroom. C．Students won’t need to do their homework. D．There will be no blackboard in the classroom. 2．What does the underlined word “virtual” mean in the third paragraph?A．虚拟的B．真实的C．自然的D．特殊的3．What can students do in the future classroom? ①sit on the bed ②“visit” historical places ③see the geography of the planet ④“travel” around the world A．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①②④Passage3（24-25八年级下·安徽滁州·期末）What will life be like in the future? Will people have robots? I asked myself these 1 many times, but I still have no idea about the answers.Maybe the future schools will start at 10:00 a.m. and finish at 3:00 p.m. We can choose subjects that we want to study. Our school will 2 a big library, a playground and a swimming pool. We will have less homework. If so, we will get lots of time for after-school activities.Maybe in the future, traditional cars that 3 the air will not be used any more (不再). Every family will have a small car that can fly in the 4 . It will be very cheap and can travel everywhere in the world.I’ll 5 be a scientist. I will invent (发明) all kinds of interesting and useful things. 6 they can help people do many things. For example, I will invent robots that look like humans and they can help people do many difficult and 7 things. If buildings 8 because of the earthquake (地震), my robots will help save people who are in trouble.In a word, if I want to make 9 dreams come true, I have to take action (采取行动) from now on. I decide to join a science club. I should keep on learning. I 10 I can make it as long as I try my best.1．A．resultsB．plansC．ideasD．questions2．A．buildB．buyC．sellD．paint3．A．loseB．useC．polluteD．clean4．A．seaB．skyC．roomD．box5．A．probablyB．hardlyC．easilyD．quietly6．A．AndB．ButC．OrD．If7．A．comfortableB．wonderfulC．dangerousD．exciting8．A．fall downB．wake upC．get upD．put up9．A．hisB．myC．ourD．your10．A．believeB．chooseC．enjoyD．bringPassage4（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。We often wonder what future life will be like. Nobody is sure about it, but it’s 1 to let our imagination (想象) go wild.One day, I had a dream and found 2 in a strange house. It seems I’ve moved to the future. The house is cute and colorful, in the shape of a whale, 3 . It’s really fun to watch the fish outside my bedroom window!Technology plays an important 4 in this new world. The 5 is full of smart machines that can answer my questions and finish work as quickly as possible. I can control (控制) the temperature to keep my room 6 all year round by using my smartwatch. In the kitchen, the smart fridge can 7 the supermarket’s computers when I need more food. When I am 8 , I only need to tell the smart kitchen to cook my favorite food, and it will 9 on the table in minutes.Outside the house, there are self-driving cars. They have e-maps, so I can travel anywhere 10 without traffic jams (交通拥堵) or 11 . Also, they are made not to pollute the air. And they’re driven by computer. 12 I want to go to school, I just need to say, “Take me to school.” Then I can sit back and 13 .At school, there are no textbooks or homework, and we can learn anything we want at any time. AI robots work as teachers, and they can make sure we 14 well.The future life in my 15 is such a mix of exciting improvements, environmental care and creative technology that I don’t want to wake up from it.1．A．boringB．excitingC．worryingD．tiring2．A．myselfB．himselfC．herselfD．yourself3．A．over the skyB．under the waterC．on the groundD．in the park4．A．gameB．jokeC．roleD．show5．A．shopB．carC．factoryD．house6．A．badB．warmC．cleanD．fresh7．A．tellB．hearC．teachD．watch8．A．sadB．tiredC．hungryD．surprised9．A．addB．cookC．stepD．appear10．A．clearlyB．quicklyC．cheaplyD．quietly11．A．notesB．symbolsC．mistakesD．accidents12．A．WhenB．AfterC．UnlessD．Although13．A．driveB．shakeC．relaxD．depend14．A．eatB．playC．sleepD．study15．A．dreamB．familyC．schoolD．townPassage5（2025·全国·模拟预测）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容回答问题，每题不超过10个单词。3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (增材制造), has been in use since 1986. Before that, 3D printing wasn’t so important. Now, however, industries have begun using additive manufacturing.3D printing in fashionMore and more people have begun using 3D printing in industries such as food and fashion. However, there has not been an active market for 3D-printed shoes for years. The possibilities with shoes may be endless.There are risks in the fashion and shoe industries when considering a long-term move to 3D printing. This would mean a change of design and production methods with a huge cost of buying new machines and materials. It is a risk without certain profit (收益), but the future of 3D-printed shoes is unbelievable because these shoes are recyclable (可回收的). It is unusual and it is a business risk. But it could be part of saving the planet from the thousands of shoes that end up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) every year.3D printing in foodEven more excellent is 3D-printed food. Beginning with a paste (糊状物) and then the printer produces shapes and designs from a computer. This process is not easy, but restaurants and food companies are still trying out the technology.At Columbia University, researchers have begun using lasers (激光) to cook the food as it prints, opening up the world of cooking. Once, they produced a piece of cheesecake in 30 minutes. While the researchers believe the technology will continue to grow and gain interest, it is currently much too expensive for people to use regularly.1．How was 3D printing before 1986? 2．What industries have used 3D printing according to the passage? 3．Why can 3D-printed shoes save the planet? 4．How did the researchers open up the world of cooking? 5．What do you think of the future of 3D printing? 模块语篇题型体裁词数内容简介时文阅读Passage1阅读理解说明文158本文介绍了中国高铁新的里程碑。Passage2阅读理解记叙文250在看到自己喜爱的沙滩上到处都是塑料水瓶后，来自美国的Madison Checketts发明了可食用的水瓶，并将其命名为Eco-Hero。实战演练Passage1阅读理解说明文209本文主要对2050年的生活进行了预测。Passage2阅读理解说明文198本文主要介绍了未来教室的样子。Passage3完形填空说明文261作者畅想了未来的生活，涵盖未来学校的安排、交通方式的变化，还表达了自己想成为科学家发明机器人的梦想，并决心从当下开始努力，以实现这些愿景。Passage4完形填空记叙文288本文通过作者的一个梦境，描绘了未来高科技、环保且便利的生活场景，包括鲸鱼形状的水下住宅、智能家居、无人驾驶汽车以及全新的学习方式等。Passage5任务型阅读说明文283主要介绍了3D打印技术在时尚和食品行业的应用现状及未来发展潜力。For as long as she can remember, Madison Checketts from the US has loved going to the beach. However, one summer vacation, when she visited her favorite beach, she couldn't help but notice the plastic water bottles everywhere.After learning more about plastic pollution, Madison invented the Eco-Hero,an edible water bottle. The invention helped her become one of the 30 finalists in the 2022 Broadcom Masters Competition，an important competition for middle school students in the US.It took a lot of tries to get the Eco-Hero strong enough so it wouldn't break easily.“Hard work pays off. I saw that with her as she went through the process," says Madison's mother. “The biggest thing that she did was to keep trying new things. And if it didn't work, she would research something else and then try it again.”As Madison thinks about the future of the Eco-Hero, she says she wants to do more tests to improve the water bottle and make it stronger and bigger. She hopes the Eco-Hero can let people understand that everyone can make the world a better place.“It doesn't have to be in a big way. Remember, everyone can make a difference to the world, even if it's just in a small way,”says Madison.In her free time. Madison likes to draw and play soccer. When she grows up, she wants to find a way to combine her hobbies and studies. and either be an artist or soccer player.Madison Checketts来自美国，从她有记忆起就喜欢去海滩。然而，有一年暑假，当她在她最喜欢的海滩上玩时，她看到到处都是塑料水瓶。在了解了更多关于塑料污染的信息后，Madison发明了Eco-Hero这种可食用的水瓶。这项发明帮助她成为2022年博通大师赛的30名决赛选手之一，这是一项针对美国中学生的重要比赛。为了让 Eco-Hero 不会轻易破掉，Madison进行了多次尝试才成功。Eco-Hero的母亲说：“努力就会有回报，在她经历这个过程时，我看到了这一点。她所做的最主要的事是不断尝试新的东西，如果不成功，她会研究别的，然后再次尝试。”当Madison思考Eco-Hero的未来时，她说她想做更多的测试来改进这款水瓶，让它变得更坚固、更大。她希望Eco-Hero 可以让人们明白，每个人都可以让世界变得更美好。Madison 说：“这不一定是影响巨大的方式。记住，即使只是以一种微小的方式，每个人都可以为世界带来改变。”在空闲时间，Madison喜欢画画、踢足球。当她长大后，她想找到一种方法，将她的爱好和学习结合起来，要么成为一名艺术家，要么成为一名足球运动员。