高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues优秀巩固练习

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________ n. 大部分；大多数
________ v. 回答；回复；作出反应
________ v. & n. 抱怨；发牢骚
________ v. 任命；委派
________ v. 接替；取代；更换
________ v. 帮助；援助
________ n. 记忆力；回忆
________ n. & vt. 伤害；损害
________ v. 拒绝接受；不录用
________ v. 照顾；照料；倾向；趋于
________ adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
________ adj. （增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的
________ v. 操作；动手术
________ v. 咬；叮；蜇
________ v. 悄声说；耳语；低语
________ n. 事故；车祸；失事
________ adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
________ n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
________ n. 进退两难的境地；困境
________ adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的
答案与解析
majrity（考查高考高频名词，固定搭配the majrity f，例：The majrity f citizens supprt the new plicy.）
respnd（考查双词性高频词，固定搭配respnd t，例：He failed t respnd t the emergency call.）
cmplain（考查高频动词，固定搭配cmplain abut/f，例：Many custmers cmplained abut the pr service.）
appint（考查高考常考动词，固定搭配appint sb as/t be，例：She was appinted as the head f the team.）
replace（考查高频动词，固定搭配，例：Plastic bags have been replaced by ec-friendly bags.）
assist（考查核心动词，固定搭配assist sb in ding，例：Vlunteers assisted the dctrs in saving the patients.）
memry（考查高频名词，固定搭配in memry f，例：A statue was built in memry f the heres.）
harm（考查双词性高频词，固定搭配d harm t，例：Junk fd des great harm t children's health.）
reject（考查高考常考动词，例：He was rejected by the university he applied t.）
tend（考查高频动词，固定搭配tend t d，例：Peple tend t be mre cautius in danger.）
scared（考查高频形容词，固定搭配be scared f/t d，例：She is scared t walk alne at night.）
sharp（考查多义形容词，例：There was a sharp increase in temperature yesterday.）
perate（考查核心动词，固定搭配perate n，例：The dctr perated n the patient immediately.）
bite（考查不规则动词，过去式bit，过去分词bitten，例：The dg bit a passer-by accidentally.）
whisper（考查动词&名词，固定搭配in a whisper，例：They talked in a whisper t avid being heard.）
accident（考查高频名词，固定搭配by accident，例：He met his ld friend by accident n the street.）
mral（考查核心形容词&名词，例：We shuld fllw mral principles in daily life.）
virtue（考查主题名词，例：Kindness is a valuable virtue everyne shuld have.）
dilemma（考查高频名词，固定搭配mral dilemma，例：She faced a mral dilemma between hnesty and lyalty.）
pregnant（考查核心形容词，例：The pregnant wman needs special care and attentin.）
二、词性转换
majrity n. 大部分；大多数 → ________ adj. 主要的 → ________ n. 少数；少数民族
respnd v. 回答；回应 → ________ n. 回答；反应
cmplain v. 抱怨；发牢骚 → ________ n. 抱怨；牢骚
appint v. 任命；委派 → ________ n. 任命；约定
replace v. 取代；更换 → ________ n. 更换；替代者
assist v. 帮助；援助 → ________ n. 帮助；援助 → ________ n. 助手；助理
memry n. 记忆力；回忆 → ________ adj. 纪念的 → ________ v. 记住；记忆
harm n. & vt. 伤害；损害 → ________ adj. 有害的 → ________ adj. 无害的
reject v. 拒绝接受；不录用 → ________ n. 拒绝；否决
tend v. 倾向；照料 → ________ n. 倾向；趋势
scare adj. 害怕的 → ________ v. 惊吓；使害怕 → ________ adj. 可怕的
sharp adj. 锋利的；急剧的 → ________ adv. 急剧地 → ________ v. （使）变锋利
perate v. 操作；动手术 → ________ n. 手术；经营 → ________ n. 操作员；经营者
bite v. 咬；叮 → ________ 过去式 → ________ 过去分词
mral adj. 道德的 → ________ adv. 道德上；道义上 → ________ n. 道德；道德准则
virtue n. 美德；优秀品质 → ________ adj. 有美德的；善良的
marry v. 结婚 → ________ n. 婚姻 → ________ adj. 已婚的
retire v. 退休；退职 → ________ n. 退休 → ________ adj. 退休的
flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的 → ________ adv. 灵活地 → ________ n. 灵活性
accident n. 事故；失事 → ________ adj. 偶然的 → ________ adv. 偶然地
答案与解析
majr；minrity（考查名词变形容词及反义词，例：His majr is English, and he is interested in minrity cultures.）
respnse（考查动词变名词，固定搭配in respnse t，例：He gave n respnse t my invitatin.）
cmplaint（考查动词变名词，固定搭配make a cmplaint，例：She made a cmplaint abut the nisy neighbrs.）
appintment（考查动词变名词，固定搭配make an appintment，例：I have an appintment with the dentist.）
replacement（考查动词变名词，例：We need a replacement fr the retired manager.）
assistance；assistant（考查动词变名词，assistance表“帮助”，assistant表“助手”，例：We need yur assistance；the assistant will help yu.）
memrial；memrise（考查名词变形容词及动词，memrial表“纪念的”，memrise表“记忆”，例：We visited a memrial hall and tried t memrise the histry.）
harmful；harmless（考查名词变形容词，harmful表“有害的”，harmless表“无害的”，例：Smking is harmful, but this kind f plant is harmless.）
rejectin（考查动词变名词，例：His rejectin f the ffer surprised everyne.）
tendency（考查动词变名词，固定搭配have a tendency t d，例：He has a tendency t get up late.）
scare；scary（考查形容词变动词及形容词，scare表“使害怕”，scary表“可怕的”，例：The scary mvie scared the children.）
sharply；sharpen（考查形容词变副词及动词，sharply表“急剧地”，sharpen表“使锋利”，例：Prices rse sharply；he sharpened the knife.）
peratin；peratr（考查动词变名词，peratin表“手术”，peratr表“操作员”，例：The peratin was successful；the peratr is very experienced.）
bit；bitten（考查不规则动词变化，例：The dg bit him and his hand was bitten.）
mrally；mrality（考查形容词变副词及名词，mrally表“道德上”，mrality表“道德”，例：It is mrally wrng；we shuld uphld mrality.）
virtuus（考查名词变形容词，例：She is a virtuus wman respected by everyne.）
marriage；married（考查动词变名词及形容词，marriage表“婚姻”，married表“已婚的”，例：Their marriage is happy；they have been married fr 10 years.）
retirement；retired（考查动词变名词及形容词，retirement表“退休”，retired表“退休的”，例：He enjyed his retirement；the retired teacher ften helps thers.）
flexibly；flexibility（考查形容词变副词及名词，flexibly表“灵活地”，flexibility表“灵活性”，例：He dealt with the prblem flexibly；we need flexibility in wrk.）
accidental；accidentally（考查名词变形容词及副词，accidental表“偶然的”，accidentally表“偶然地”，例：It was an accidental mistake；he met her accidentally.）
三、单句语法填空
The majrity ________ students in ur class are in favr f the plan.
答案：f
解析：考查固定搭配the majrity f，意为“大多数的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，贴合“班级大多数学生支持计划”的语境，例：The majrity f trees were damaged in the strm.
She failed t respnd ________ the manager's call, which made him angry.
答案：t
解析：考查固定搭配respnd t，意为“回应……”，t为介词，后接名词或代词，例：She respnded t my email quickly.
The cmpany has made n ________ （respnd） t the public's cncern abut prduct safety.
答案：respnse
解析：考查词性转换，形容词n后接名词，respnd的名词形式为respnse，意为“回应”，例：The gvernment's respnse t the crisis was effective.
He was appinted ________ directr f the department because f his rich experience.
答案：as/t be
解析：考查固定搭配appint sb as/t be+职位，意为“任命某人为……”，职位前无冠词，例：He was appinted as directr f the cmpany.
Old traditins shuld nt be replaced ________ new nes blindly; we need t keep the valuable nes.
答案：with/by
解析：考查固定搭配，意为“用……取代……”，例：Old buildings were replaced with new apartments.
With the ________ （assist） f his clleagues, he successfully cmpleted the prject.
答案：assistance
解析：考查词性转换，定冠词the后接名词，assist的名词形式为assistance，意为“帮助”，固定搭配with the assistance f，例：With the assistance f technlgy, we slved the prblem.
In memry ________ his grandfather, he planted a maple tree in the garden.
答案：f
解析：考查固定搭配in memry f，意为“为了纪念……”，例：A cncert was held in memry f the famus musician.
Smking is ________ （harm） t health, s we shuld give it up.
答案：harmful
解析：考查词性转换，be动词后接形容词，harm的形容词形式为harmful，固定搭配be harmful t，意为“对……有害”，例：Pllutin is harmful t the envirnment.
________ （cmplain） abut the bad service, many custmers decided nt t cme again.
答案：Cmplaining
解析：考查现在分词作状语，cmplain与逻辑主语many custmers是主动关系，故用现在分词，句首首字母大写，例：Cmplaining abut the delay, passengers asked fr a refund.
The situatin ________ we face nw is a typical mral dilemma.
答案：where/in which
解析：考查定语从句，先行词为situatin，表抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where或in which，例：We are in a situatin where we have t make a chice.
Nt nly ________ he wrk hard, but als he is always ready t help thers.
答案：des
解析：考查nt als...的倒装结构，nt nly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，主语he为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故用助动词des，例：Nt nly des she sing well, but als she dances beautifully.
Nthing is ________ （precius） than hnesty in ur daily life.
答案：mre precius
解析：考查“否定词+比较级”表最高级，precius的比较级为mre precius，句意为“没有什么比诚信更珍贵”，例：Nthing is mre imprtant than health.
Time ________ （permit）, we will visit the memrial hall f Bethune.
答案：permitting
解析：考查独立主格结构，time与permit是主动关系，故用现在分词，例：Weather permitting, we will have a picnic.
The girl was seen ________ （whisper） t her deskmate during the exam.
答案：whispering
解析：考查现在分词作宾语补足语，see sb ding sth意为“看见某人正在做某事”，whisper与the girl是主动关系，例：I saw him whispering t his friend.
________ （perate） n fr three hurs, the patient was ut f danger finally.
答案：Having been perated
解析：考查现在分词完成式的被动语态，perate与the patient是被动关系，且手术发生在“脱离危险”之前，故用Having been perated，例：Having been tld the truth, she felt relieved.
四、完成句子
大多数人都认为诚信是一种重要的美德。（majrity）
The ________ ________ peple think that hnesty is an imprtant virtue.
答案：majrity f
解析：考查核心短语the majrity f，意为“大多数的”，后接可数名词复数，贴合“大多数人认为诚信是美德”的主题语境，例：The majrity f yung peple like nline shpping.
他没有回应我的问题，这让我很失望。（respnd）
He didn't ________ ________ my questin, which made me very disappinted.
答案：respnd t
解析：考查固定搭配respnd t，意为“回应……”，前面有助动词didn't，故用动词原形，例：He didn't respnd t my questin directly.
白求恩医生竭尽所能帮助中国人民，我们应该纪念他。（assist；in memry f）
Dr Bethune did what he culd t ________ the Chinese peple, and we shuld be ________ ________ him.
答案：assist；in memry f
解析：考查动词assist和固定短语in memry f，assist意为“帮助”，t后接动词原形；in memry f意为“纪念”，贴合“纪念白求恩”的语境，例：We shuld assist thse in need and be in memry f great peple.
没有什么比帮助有需要的人更有意义了。（否定词+比较级）
Nthing is ________ ________ than helping peple in need.
答案：mre meaningful
解析：考查“否定词+比较级”表最高级，meaningful的比较级为mre meaningful，句意为“没有什么比帮助他人更有意义”，贴合单元“美德”主题，例：Nthing is mre valuable than kindness.
在同事的帮助下，她成功渡过了难关。（carry thrugh；assistance）
With the ________ f her clleagues, she was successfully ________ ________ the difficult time.
答案：assistance；carried thrugh
解析：考查名词assistance和固定短语carry thrugh，assistance意为“帮助”，with the assistance f为固定搭配；carry thrugh意为“帮助渡过难关”，此处为被动语态，故用carried thrugh，例：With his assistance, she was carried thrugh the hard time.
他不仅医术精湛，而且品德高尚。（nt als...）
________ ________ is he skilled in medicine, ________ ________ he has nble virtues.
答案：Nt nly；but als
解析：考查nt als...的倒装结构，nt nly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，贴合“医术精湛且品德高尚”的语境，例：Nt nly is he intelligent, but als he is hard-wrking.
如果你遇到道德困境，应该遵循自己的良心。（mral dilemma；cnscience）
If yu face a ________ ________, yu shuld fllw yur wn cnscience.
答案：mral dilemma
解析：考查核心名词短语mral dilemma，意为“道德困境”，贴合单元主题，例：Facing a mral dilemma, he chse t tell the truth.
时间允许的话，我们将去参观那家纪念白求恩的医院。（独立主格）
Time ________, we will visit the hspital ________ ________ Bethune.
答案：permitting；in memry f
解析：考查独立主格结构和固定短语in memry f，time与permit是主动关系，故用permitting；in memry f意为“纪念”，例：Time permitting, we will visit the memrial.
这位医生被任命为院长后，依然倾向于亲自照料病人。（appint；tend t）
After the dctr was ________ directr f the hspital, he still ________ ________ take care f patients in persn.
答案：appinted；tends t
解析：考查动词appint的被动语态和固定搭配tend t，appint与the dctr是被动关系，故用appinted；tend t意为“倾向于”，主语he为第三人称单数，故用tends t，例：He was appinted manager and tends t wrk hard.
如果有可能，我们应该拒绝所有不道德的行为。（if省略结构；reject）
________ ________, we shuld ________ all immral behavirs.
答案：If pssible；reject
解析：考查if省略结构和动词reject，If pssible意为“如果有可能”，是if it is pssible的省略；reject意为“拒绝”，情态动词shuld后接动词原形，例：If pssible, we shuld reject bad habits.