英语必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world优质导学案

这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world优质导学案，共14页。学案主要包含了词汇清单，短语清单等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、词汇清单
知识点1
refer vi.(referred，referred，referring)提到；参考；查阅
vt.查询；叫……求助于→reference n.指称关系；参考
·refer t 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer t a bk/dictinary 查阅书/词典
refer 称……为……
reference bks/materials 参考书/参考资料
in/with reference t 关于
base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据
→based adj.以(某事)为基础的→basic adj.基本的；基础的
→basically adv. 基本上→basis n.基础
把……建立在……的基础上
be based n/upn... 以……为基础
n a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
n the basis f 在……的基础上
means n.方法(way，methd)；方式；途径
a means f 一种……的方法(means单复数同形)
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
by means f 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by n means 绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
4 .appreciate vt.欣赏(enjy，admire)；重视(attach imprtance t)；
感激；领会vi.增值→appreciatin n.欣赏；感激
appreciate (ne’s) ding sth 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I wuld appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激
express/cnvey ne’s appreciatin t sb 向某人表达感激之情
5.struggle n.& vi.斗争(fight)；奋斗(strive)；搏斗
struggle fr... 为……而斗争/奋斗
struggle with/against sb/sth 与某人/某事做斗争
struggle t d sth 努力做某事
struggle t ne’s feet 挣扎着站起来
It is a struggle (fr sb) t d sth (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事
6.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；相等的；平等的；相等
→equally adv.同等地；公平地→equality n.平等；相等
be withut equal＝have n equal 无与伦比
be equal t (ding) sth 等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb/sth in (ding)sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
7.demand n.需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问(生义)→demanding adj.要求高的
in (great) demand 需求量大
meet/satisfy ne’s demand(s) 满足某人的需求
demand t d sth 要求做某事
demand that... 要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可省略)
8.date back (t...)追溯到(date frm/trace back t)
[点拨] date back (t)和date frm一般只用现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态。
二、短语清单
重点短语
1.native speakers 说母语的人
2.the United Natins (UN) 联合国
3.attitude twards/t sth 对...的态度
4.refer t sth指的是，提及；查阅
（refer - referred - referred）
5.sme day (将来)某一天
6.be widely knwn fr 因...而广为人知
7.ups and dwns 兴衰，沉浮
8.at the beginning 起初
9.a picture-based language 象形文字
10.date back t / date frm 追溯到
11.ver the years 多年以来
12.the Shang/Qin Dynasty 商朝/秦朝
13.lead t sth 导致，带来（lead - led - led）
14.varieties f / a variety f 各种各样的
15.be f great imprtance ...很重要
16.n matter where/what/wh 无论哪里/无论什么/无论谁
17.be cnnected with 与...连接
18.the classic wrks 经典作品
19.be seen as 被看成是... 将...看成...（see-saw-seen）
play a great rle in play a great part in ...
在...扮演重要角色; 在...发挥重要作用
21.glbal affairs 全球事务
22.an increasing number f 越来越多的，不断增加的
23.accrding t sb 根据某人说的
24.it is believed that... 大家认为...
25.pint f view 观点，看法
26.reach the gal 达到目的
27.fight fr 为...战斗 (fight-fught-fught)
28.jke with 与...开玩笑
29.have truble/difficulty with sth 在...有麻烦/有问题
30.get used t sth 习惯于
used t d sth 过去曾做...
be used t d sth 被用来做...
with ... 比较...
32.mind ding sth 介意做...
33.depend n 依靠，取决于
34.bridge the gap between sth .消除...间的隔阂/差距
35.be clse t sb 与...亲近
36.(be) senir t sb 比...年长/地位高
【经典练】
(一)词组填空,用所给短语的正确形式填空：
(be related t, date back t, struggle fr, adapt t, appreciate)
1.The Chinese writing system __________ thusands f years ag.
2.She is __________ better cmmunicatin by learning sign language.
3.I really __________ yur help with my English prnunciatin.
4.His success __________ his hard wrk and gd methds.
5.It tk him mnths t __________ the new language envirnment.
（二）翻译句子
6. 追溯到商朝的汉字是中国文明的重要部分。（date back t）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
我欣赏那些努力学习多种语言的人。（appreciate）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8. 这就是我学习英语时遇到困难的原因。（why 引导定语从句）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
语法清单
限制性定语从句
【精讲·语法知识】
1. 关系代词的用法
that/which：指物，作主语或宾语（that 可指人或物，which 仅指物）。
The writing system that/which develped in China has a lng histry.（作主语）
wh/whm：指人，wh 作主语，whm 作宾语（可省略）。
The linguist wh spke seven languages is Zha Yuanren.（作主语）
whse：指人或物，作定语，表所属关系。
例：A plyglt is a persn whse language ability is amazing.（作定语）
2.关系副词的用法
when：指时间，相当于 “介词 + which”。
1881 was the year when Lu Xun was brn.（=in which）
where：指地点，相当于 “介词 + which”。
This is the schl where I learn calligraphy.（=in which）
why：指原因，相当于 “fr+which”。
The reasn why he studies English is t cmmunicate with freigners.（=fr which）
3.介词 + 关系代词
介词后用 which（指物）或 whm（指人）。
例：The symbls n which ancient peple carved were fund n bnes.（n+which）
例：The expert with whm we discussed the language is a linguist.（with+whm）
经典练
语法填空（定语从句）
1.The man __________ invented this writing system is a linguist. (wh/that)
2. This is the bk __________ I brrwed frm the library. (which/that)
3. The day __________ she started learning Chinese was in 2018. (when)
4. The reasn __________ he failed the test is lack f practice. (why)
5. The cuntry __________ he lives has multiple fficial languages. (where)
写作清单
语言学习经历 / 建议类写作
【点拨·写作技巧】
1. 写作结构（以英语学习博客为例）
写作结构：
（1）开头：引出问题（如学习困难）。
（2）主体：具体问题描述（如听力、词汇、语法）。
解决方法及原因（如听广播、记笔记、用 APP）。
个人体验或效果。
（3）结尾：总结感悟或呼吁行动。。
2.常用句型
（1）问题描述：
The biggest prblem I have is...
I used t struggle with..., but nw...
（2）提出建议：
A useful methd is t...
It helps
（3）个人体会：
What wrks fr me is...
Ever since I started..., I have...
参考范文
My Experience with English Vcabulary
Learning English vcabulary has always been a challenge fr me. I used t frget wrds easily, and even if I memrised them, I didn’t knw hw t use them crrectly.
A helpful methd I fund is creating wrd banks. I grup wrds by tpic (e.g., fd, culture) and write dwn their definitins, examples, and even drawings. Fr example, when learning "calligraphy," I nted its meaning and practised writing the wrd. Anther tip is using flashcards with pictures, which helps me cnnect wrds with images.
Since starting this methd, my vcabulary has imprved greatly. I can nw remember wrds lnger and use them in sentences. The key is t make learning fun and relevant t daily life!
经典练
书面表达：写一篇英语博客，分享你在英语学习中的一个困难及解决方法，
内容包括：
1.遇到的问题（如口语、阅读）
2.尝试过的方法及效果
3.给其他同学的建议
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
模拟精练--定语从句
一、单项选择
1．（24-25高一下·广东·期末）Was it during the summer vacatin ________ he visited Paris ________ he decided t study French?
A．when; thatB．that; when
C．when; whenD．that; that
2．（24-25高一上·安徽芜湖·开学考试）We are living in an infrmatin age ________ many things can be dne n the Internet.
A．whenB．Where
C．thatD．which
3．（高三上·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）The reasn ______ I have t g is ______ my mther is ill in bed.
A．why; whyB．why; because
C．why; thatD．that; because
4．（24-25高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）—Is that the small cmpany yu ften refer t?
—Right, just the ne________ yu knw my father used t wrk fr 10 years.
thatB．which
C．whereD．as
5．（24-25高一下·新疆乌鲁木齐·开学考试）Wh can tell me if there is a supermarket arund ________ nt nly ________ buy a cat f high quality fr my father, but I can als taste a pleasant cup f cffee?
A．that; I canB．where; can I
C．which; can ID．where; I can
6．（24-25高一上·重庆·期末）A large number f university students want t find a field they can discver and fulfill their ptential.
A．whichB．why
C．whereD．what
7．（24-25高一上·黑龙江大庆·期末）—- Where did yu meet him?
—- It was in the factry_______ he wrked as a manger.
whereB．that
C．whichD．when
8．（24-25高一·全国·假期作业）We are living in an age ______ many things are dne n the Internet.
A．whichB．that
C．whenD．where
9．（24-25高一上·重庆·期中）It is the mment ________ ur team was annunced winner ________ I will never frget.
A．that; thatB．that; wh
C．when; thatD．when; wh
10．（24-25高一上·江苏扬州·期中）In a sciety being thin is ften seen as being beautiful, teenagers smetimes turn t extreme methds t slimdwn quickly.
A．thatB．which
C．whereD．when
11．（24-25高一上·江苏南京·期中）The silence in the rm gave rise t a curius situatin ________ we were all at a lss what t d next.
A．whichB．where
C．thatD．why
12．（24-25高一上·黑龙江牡丹江·期中）She wants a jb ________ her management skills can be put t gd use.
A．whichB．where
C．thatD．when
13．（24-25高一上·江苏常州·阶段练习）The gd news is that this strmy perid ______ teenagers cannt see eye t eye with parents n anything will nt last.
A．whenB．where
C．whyD．that
14．（22-23高一下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）It was in the village____________ he lived____________ we met by chance.
A．that; thatB．that; where
C．where; thatD．where; where
15．（23-24高一下·江西吉安·期末）My mther can always create a pleasant family atmsphere ________ all members care fr each ther.
A．whichB．when
C．whereD．that
二、语法填空
16．（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）The map unflded, the detective lcated the right place the killer might hide. (用适当的词填空)
17．（23-24高一上·浙江杭州·开学考试）Andria’s brilliant prject t bring artists frm all fields int direct cntact with children is particularly welcme at a time the arts are being dwngraded in schls. (用适当的词填空)
18．（24-25高一下·河北石家庄·阶段练习）The glbal rganizatin has ver 1,000 branches adults f all ages cme t read. (用适当的词填空)
19．（25-26高一·全国·假期作业）The cuntry he lives has multiple fficial languages. (用适当的词填空)
20．（24-25高一下·浙江绍兴·期中）Festivals are always ccasins we gather tgether t enjy urselves and frget abut ur wrk fr a while. (用适当的词填空)
单词
I．必备单词
1．carve vt．& vi．雕刻
2．regard n．尊重；关注 vt．把……视为；看待
3．struggle n．& vi．斗争；奋斗；搏斗
4．beg vt．恳求；祈求；哀求
5．factr n．因素；要素
6．symbl n．符号；象征
7．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系
8．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
9．specific adj．特定的；明确的；具体的
10．system n．体系；制度；系统
II.派生单词
1．majr adj．主要的；重要的；n主修课程 vi．主修；专门研究→majrity n．大多数
2．relate vt．联系；讲述→related adj有关联的→relatin n．关系
3．vary vi．变化；不同；有差异
→varius adj．各种各样的；不同的
→variety n．变体；异体；多样化
4．glbe n．地球；地球仪→glbal adj．全球的→glbally adv．全球地；全面地
5．equal n同等的人；相等物 adj．同样
→equally adv．平等地→equality n．平等
6．describe vt描述→descriptin n描写；形容
短语
1.动词短语
be related t 与…… 相关
struggle fr 为…… 奋斗
date back t 追溯到
be based n 以…… 为基础
把…… 与…… 连接
adapt t 适应
appreciate sth. 欣赏 / 感激某事
把…… 统一为……
2.名词短语
writing system 书写系统
Chinese calligraphy 中国书法
ancient civilisatin 古代文明
freign language 外语
cultural wrld view 文化世界观
fficial language 官方语言
3.形容词 + 介词搭配
be knwn fr 因…… 闻名
be divided int 被分成……
be f great imprtance 非常重要
be grateful fr 对…… 感激
be amazed by 对…… 感到惊讶
熟词生义
熟词生义
struggle vi. 斗争
He struggled against cancer fr tw years. 他同癌症抗争了两年。
vi. 奋斗
a cuntry struggling fr independence 为独立而奋斗的国家
vi. 搏斗
I struggled and screamed fr help. 我挣扎着，高声呼救。
n. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
a pwer/leadership struggle 权力的争夺；领导权的斗争
gap n. 间隔
a gap in the cnversatin 谈话的间隙
n. 开口；豁口
Leave a gap between yur car and the next. 在车与车之间留条道。
n. 差距
the gap between rich and pr 贫富之间的差距
base vt. 以...为据点
They decided t base the new cmpany in Yrk. 他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在约克郡。
vt. 以...为基础
He based his cnclusins n the evidence. 他根据证据得出了自己的结论。
n. 底部
The lamp has a heavy base. 这盏灯的底座很沉。
n. 基础
These plicies have a brad base f supprt. 这些政策受到广泛支持。
n. 基地
a military/naval base 军事╱海军基地
demand n. 要求；需求
a demand fr higher pay 增加工资的要求
t meet the demand fr a prduct 满足对某产品的需求
vt. 强烈要求
The UN has demanded that all trps be withdrawn. 联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
vt. 需要
This sprt demands bth speed and strength. 这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。
【熟词生义】
vi. 查问
‘Wh the hell are yu?’ he demanded angrily. “你到底是谁？”他气势汹汹地查问道。
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视
His talents are nt fully appreciated in that cmpany. 他的才干在那家公司未受到充分赏识。
vt. 感激
I wuld appreciate it if yu paid in cash. 假如你支付现金的话，我会不胜感激。
vt. 领会
We didn't fully appreciate that he was seriusly ill. 我们没有充分认识到他的病情很严重。
vi. 增值
Their investments have appreciated ver the years. 他们的投资这些年来已经增值。
native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的
yur native land/cuntry/city 你的故乡╱祖国╱故里
The tiger is native t India. 这种虎产于印度。
n. 本地人
She speaks Italian like a native. 她的意大利语说得和意大利人一样。
majr adj. 主要的；重要的
t play a majr rle in sth 在某事中起重要作用
adj. 大的
We have encuntered majr prblems. 我们遇上了大问题。
n. 主修课程
Her majr is French. 她的专业课是法语。
n. 主修学生
She's a French majr. 她是法语专业的学生。
vi. 主修；专门研究
She majred in Histry at Stanfrd. 她在斯坦福主修历史。
refer vi. 提到
Her mther never referred t him again. 她的母亲再也没有提起过他。
vi. 参考；查阅；查询
Yu may refer t yur ntes if yu want. 如果需要，可以查阅笔记。
vi. 描述；涉及
This paragraph refers t the events f last year. 这一段说的是去年发生的事。
vt. 叫...求助于
My dctr referred me t a specialist. 我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
9.character n. 文字；符号
Chinese characters 汉字
n. 角色
a majr/minr character in the bk 书中的主要╱次要人物
n. 品质
Genersity is part f the American character. 慷慨是美国人性格的一部分。
n. 特点
buildings that are very simple in character 造型很简洁的建筑物
10. specific adj. 特定的
The mney was cllected fr a specific purpse. 这笔钱是为一个特定用途而收的。
adj. 明确的；具体的
I gave yu specific instructins. 我给过你明确的指示。
adj. 特有的；独特的
a belief that is specific t this part f Africa 非洲这一地区特有的一种观念
refer t vi. 提到；涉及
This paragraph refers t the events f last year. 这一段说的是去年发生的事。
vt. 叫...求助于
My dctr referred me t a specialist. 我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
affair n. 公共事务
wrld/internatinal/business affairs 世界╱国际╱商业事务
n. 事件
She wanted the celebratin t be a simple family affair.
她希望庆祝活动仅限于家人参加。
n. 关系
She is having an affair with her bss. 她跟老板有暧昧关系。
regard n. 尊重
He held her in high regard. 他对她非常敬重。
vt. 把...视为；看待
She is widely regarded as the current leader's natural successr.
人们普遍认为她是现任领导的当然继任者。
n. 关注
He was driving withut regard t speed limits.
他开着车，根本不理会速度限制。
n. 致意；问候
With kind regards, Yurs... 谨此致意，…敬上
classic adj. 传统的
The menu is based n classic French cking. 这个菜单以传统法国菜为主。
adj. 最优秀的
a classic nvel/study/gal 最佳小说╱论文╱进球
adj. 典型的
a classic example f pr cmmunicatin 缺乏有效沟通的典型实例
n. 经典作品；名著
English classics such as ‘Alice in Wnderland’ 英语经典作品如《艾丽丝漫游奇境记》
variety n. （植物、语言等的）变体；异体
Apples cme in a great many varieties. 苹果的品种繁多。
n. 多样化
We all need variety in ur diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化。
n. （同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样
He resigned fr a variety f reasns. 他由于种种原因辞职了。
equal n. 同等的人；相等物
She treats the peple wh wrk fr her as her equals.
她以平等的身份对待为她工作的人。
adj. 相同的；同样的
There is an equal number f bys and girls in the class. 这个班男女生人数相等。
adj. 平等的
equal rights/pay 平等的权利；同酬
adj. 能胜任的；能应付的
I hpe that he prves equal t the challenge.
我希望他最后能应付这一挑战。
句型
高分亮句
That writing system was f great imprtance in uniting the Chinese peple and culture.这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。
句中was f great imprtance用的是be f＋抽象名词结构，相当于be＋该名词的同根形容词。
be f great significance/benefit
＝be very significant/beneficial
Even tday，n matter where Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak，they can all still cmmunicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写进行交流。
“n matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
该结构可以与疑问词+ever互换使用（why不用于该结构）
语法
限制性定语从句II