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Unit3《A day out》-2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元讲义（译林版）
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这是一份Unit3《A day out》-2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元讲义（译林版），共20页。
2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元知识速记清单Unit 3《A day out》考点1．exercise/'eksəsaɪz/ vi 锻炼You should exercise often．你应该经常锻炼。【考向】 exercise还可以作名词：【速记小筏】一语辨异：The doctor said that he lacked exercise and suggested that he should do some running and morning exercises．医生说他缺乏锻炼，并建议他跑跑步做做早操。【经典练】1．It is _________ _________ regularly and eat and sleep well．A．important, exercise B．importance, exerciseC．importantly, to exercise D．important, to exercise【答案】D【详解】句意：有规律的锻炼，吃好睡好是很重要的。考查it的固定句型。important重要的，形容词；exercise锻炼，动词；importance重要，名词；importantly重要地，副词。根据题干可知，本题考查固定句型：It is+形容词+to do sth，意为“做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故选D。【写作佳句】Exercise more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy．在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。考点2、come on 【考向】句式分析法：come on！用于祈使句，用来鼓励对方。也可用来表示劝说、催促、不耐烦等。Come on！ We are going to be late．快点！我们快迟到了。 Come on！Don't cry any more！好啦！不要再哭了！【经典练】1．Danny, ________, please． The others are catching up with you．A．come up B．come over C．come on D．come in【答案】C【详解】句意：丹尼，快点。其他人正在追赶你。考查动词短语。come up即将发生；come over过来；come on快点；come in进来。根据“The others are catching up with you．”可知，其他人正在追赶，所以让丹尼快点。故选C。【写作佳句】（2020·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）—Come on! You should never say no before you try．—加油！在你尝试之前，你不应该说不。3、enjoy oneself “玩得高兴，过得愉快”enjoy oneself 相当于have a good time或have fun。We enjoyed ourselves in the park last Sunday．上周日我们在公园里玩得很开心。【考向】【易错点】enjoy后可接名词、代词和动名词。enjoy后接动词时，只能用动名词形式，不能跟不定式。He enjoys reading foreign novels．他喜欢读外国小说。You will enjoy it．你会喜欢它的。【经典练】1．—Linda, how was the party last night? Did you ________ any games? —Yeah, it was so much fun． Everyone enjoyed ________ the “Get the Chair” game．A．played; play B．play; playing C．play; play D．played; playing【答案】B【详解】句意：——琳达，昨晚的聚会怎么样？你们玩游戏了吗？——玩了，太有趣了。每个人都喜欢玩“抢椅子”游戏。考查一般疑问句和非谓语动词。助动词did后加动词原形，排除AD；enjoy doing sth．“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。【写作佳句】We visited the science museum． It was really interesting and all of us enjoyed ourselves．我们参观了科学博物馆。这真的很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。4、by 在……旁边，通过，在……之前【考向】 by the river在河边；by train乘火车；by reading 通过阅读【注意】作“搭，乘”讲时，by后直接跟交通工具的名称，中间不加冠词。【经典练】1．To my surprise, his sister wrote the song all by ________．A．myself B．herself C．himself【答案】B【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，这首歌全是他姐姐自己写的。考查反身代词。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“his sister”可知，此空应填herself，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Nowadays traveling by high-speed train is as popular as traveling by air in China现在乘高铁旅行和乘飞机旅行一样受欢迎。5、How long is．．．？……有多长？【考向】询问物体的长、宽、高可以使用how long/wide/tall/high．．．其回答使用：It's＋数词＋名词(表示量)＋long/wide/tall/high．【经典练】1．—________ did you stay in the park yesterday?—We stayed for two hours．A．How much B．How many C．How long D．How often【答案】C【详解】句意：——昨天你在公园里待了多长时间？——我们待了两个小时。考查特殊疑问句。How much询问价格；How many询问数量；How long询问一段时间；How often询问频率。根据“We stayed for two hours．”可知，询问一段时间，故选C。【写作佳句】— How long have you been a member of the football team?——你当足球队队员多久了？6、be made of 由……制成of 后接材料名词The desk is made of wood．这张书桌是由木头制成的。【考向】【重点】辨析：be made of，be made from与be made in【经典练】1．— Is a computer ________ a mouse, a main unit, a screen and a keyboard?— Yes． Look at this computer． The main unit ________ medal(金属)．A．be made up of, is made from B．made up of; is made ofC．made up of, are made of D．made up of; is made from【答案】B【详解】句意：——计算机是由鼠标、主机、屏幕和键盘组成的吗？——对。看看这台电脑。主机由金属制成。考查动词短语辨析。be made up of由……组成；be made from制成（外表看不出原材料）；be made of制成（外表能看出原材料）。根据“Is”可知，第一空中不需要be动词，故排除A选项，根据“The main unit ．．． medal”并结合常识可知，电脑主机的外表能看出原材料是金属，故第二空选“be made of”，主语“The main unit”表示单数，故be动词用“is”。故选B。【写作佳句】The surface of the table feels smooth． It must be made of fine wood．桌子的表面摸起来很光滑，它一定是用优质木材做的。7、fine【考向】 fine作副词，意为“够好，蛮不错”，常用于口语中【拓展】 fine作形容词，意为“身体很好的”，相当于well。fine作形容词，意为“晴朗的，美好的”。【经典练】1．—How about going climbing if it ________ this weekend．—Good idea． But nobody knows if it ________．A．is fine; rains B．will be fine; rains C．is fine; will rain D．will be fine; will rain【答案】C【详解】句意：——如果这个周末天气好，我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没有人知道是否会下雨。考查if的用法。第一空处if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句部分应该用一般现在时，故第一空为一般现在时，排除B、D两项。第二空处if表示“是否”，引导了一个宾语从句，根据“But nobody knows if it…”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。故选C。【写作佳句】It was such a fine day that we had a good time in the countryside．天气这么好，我们在乡下玩得很开心。8、join /dʒɔɪn/ v．加入，参加Which club do you want to join？你想加入哪个俱乐部？【考向】【易错点】辨析：join与 join in【经典练】1．—Bob, I’m not good at English． What should I do?—Why not ________ an English club to practice ________ English?A．to join; speaking B．to join; to speak C．join; speaking D．join; to speak【答案】C【详解】句意：——鲍勃，我不擅长英语。我该怎么办？——为什么不加入英语俱乐部练习说英语呢？考查特殊疑问句及非谓语动词。why not do sth．“为什么不做某事”，故第一空应用动词原形；practice doing sth．“练习做某事”，故第二空应用动名词形式。故选C。【写作佳句】We are going to play football after school． Would you like to join us?放学后我们打算踢足球。你愿意加入我们吗？9、invite sb． to do sth．意为“邀请某人做某事”Did you invite your friends to go shopping with you？你邀请你的朋友们和你一起去购物了吗？【考向】【重点】表示“邀请某人参加某项活动”时,可用“invite sb． to＋名词（短语）”，此处的to为介词。He invited me to a dinner party．他邀请我参加宴会。【经典练】1．—Did you ________ some of your friends to your party?—Yes, and they are all glad to come for it．A．invite B．develop C．gather【答案】A【详解】句意：——你邀请你的一些朋友来参加你的聚会了吗？——是的，他们都很高兴为此而来。考查动词辨析。invite邀请；develop发展；gather聚集。根据“some of your friends to your party”及“they are all glad to come for it”可知，此处指邀请朋友们来参加聚会，故选A。【写作佳句】—Our school will invite Mr． Wang to give us a talk on environmental protection next week． ——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。10、arrive / ə'raɪv / vi．到达They arrived at the station at 3 this afternoon．他们今天下午3点到达了车站。【考向】【重点】辨析：arrive， get与reach【注意】如果后面没有任何表示地点的名词或副词时，则只能用arrive。When did you arrive？你是何时到达的？【拓展】 arrive的名词形式为arrival，意为“到来，到达”。We are waiting for his arrival．我们正等待他的到来。【经典练】1．—When did Tom ________ Beijing? —Yesterday．A．arrive B．arrive in C．got to D．reached【答案】B【详解】句意：——汤姆什么时候到达北京？——昨天。考查动词短语以及特殊疑问句。arrive到达，不及物动词；arrive in到达，后可加宾语；got to到达；reached到达。助动词did后加动词原形，排除CD；空后有宾语，用arrive in。故选B。【写作佳句】—Oh, I arrived here at 7: 00 to prepare for the test．——哦，我七点到这里准备考试。11、in front of “在……前面”There are many trees in front of our building．在我们楼前有许多树。【考向】辨析：in front of与in the front ofThere's a bus stop in front of the house．在房子前面有一个公共汽车站。（指在某物体之外的前面）The driver sits in the front of the bus．驾驶员坐在公共汽车的前端。（指在某物体内部的前面）【经典练】1．The boy is standing ________ the classroom and making a daily report．A．in front of B．in the front of C．in front D．in the front【答案】B【详解】句意：这个男孩正站在教室前面做每日报告。考查介词短语。in front of在……（外部的）前面；in the front of在……（内部的）前面；in front在前面；in the front在前面。根据“The boy is standing ．．． the classroom and making a daily report．”可知，男孩是站在教室的前面，即某物内部的前面，应用in the front of。故选B。【写作佳句】—I always feel nervous when speaking in front of others．——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。12、by oneself 独立地，独自Can you finish the work by yourself？你能独自完成这项工作吗？【考向】 by oneself相当于alone或on one's own。I can do it by myself．＝ I can do it alone．＝I can do it on my own．我能独立完成它。【经典练】1．—_________ do you improve your English?—I improve it _________ working with a group．A．How; with B．What; by C．How; by【答案】C【详解】句意：——你是如何提高英语的？——我通过与团队合作来提高英语。考查特殊疑问句和介词辨析。根据答语“I improve it…working with a group．”（我通过与团队合作来提高英语），可知问句是表达“你是如何提高英语的？”，疑问词应用how“如何”；根据“working with a group”，可知此处表达的是一种方式，应用介词by。故选C。【写作佳句】There is a university by the side of the river．河边有一所大学。13、look like “看起来像……”like是介词，后面常接名词（短语）或代词。He looks like his father．他看起来像他父亲。【考向】辨析：look like与be like【速记小筏】一语辨异：The two brothers do not look like each other, but they are like each other．这两兄弟虽然长得不像，性格却相似。【经典练】1．—________ the weather ________ in Shanghai in summer? —It’s very hot．A．What does; look like B．What’s; look like C．What’s; like D．How’s; like【答案】C【详解】句意：——上海夏天的天气怎么样？——非常热。考查特殊疑问句。询问天气的句型“What+be+the weather+like?”和“How+be+the weather?”。故选C。【写作佳句】Linda really looks like her mother． They both have big eyes and round faces．琳达长得真像她妈妈。她们都有大眼睛和圆脸。14、too much 太多；过于【考向】【易错点】辨析：too much与much too【注意】too much修饰名词时，后接不可数名词；too many修饰名词时，后接可数名词复数形式。【速记小筏】too much和much too，区别用法看后头；much 后接不可数，too则修饰形或副。【经典练】1．Don’t drink ________ cola． It’s ________ your health．A．much too; bad at B．too much; bad for C．too much; bad at D．much too; bad for【答案】B【详解】句意：不要喝太多可乐。它对你的健康有坏处。考查形容词短语。much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；be bad at不擅长；be good for对……有坏处。第一个空修饰不可数名词cola用too much；根据“your health”可知是对健康有坏处，用be bad for。故选B。【写作佳句】—It’s bad for us to drink too much coffee．——咖啡喝多了对我们不好。15、support / sə'pɔːt / n．支持There is strong public support for the change．公众大力支持这一变革。【考向】 support还可作动词，意为“支持”。I support you．我支持你。【拓展】：supporter n．支持者；拥护者【经典练】1．When you are in need, you can ask your family for help and ________．A．support B．practice C．challenges D．standards【答案】A【详解】句意：当你需要帮助时，你可以向家人寻求帮助和支持。考查名词辨析。support支持；practice练习；challenges挑战；standards标准。根据“ask your family for help and．．．”可知是向家人寻求帮助和支持。故选A。【写作佳句】Because of pollution, this lake is now too harmful to support fish．由于污染，这个湖现在太有害了，不能养鱼。16、take place “发生，进行”take place 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。The basketball game will take place on Sunday．篮球比赛将在周日举行。【考向】【难点】辨析：take place与happen【经典练】1．— This year’s college entrance examination will ________ in July, a month later than usual．— Then the students will have more time to ________ the exam．A．take place; prepare for B．come true; copy downC．make sure; find out【答案】A【详解】句意：——今年的高考将在七月举行，比往常晚了一个月。——这样学生们就有更多的时间准备考试了。考查动词短语。take place举行；prepare for为……做准备；come true实现；copy down抄下；make sure确保；find out查明。根据“This year’s college entrance examination will”可知考试要举行；根据“have more time to．．．the exam”可知是有时间为考试做准备。故选A。【写作佳句】The International Museum Day takes place on May 18th every year．每年的5月18日是国际博物馆日。17、cheer for 为……喝彩/欢呼”Let's go and cheer for them．咱们去为他们加油吧。【考向一】 cheer up（使）变得更高兴，振奋起来How can we cheer him up？我们怎么能使他高兴起来呢？【考向二】 cheer还可作名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。Three cheers for the winners！为优胜者欢呼三次吧！【经典练】1．—Our class will _______ Class 8． I believe our class will win the game．Could you come and ________us?—Of course I will．A．fight against; prepare for B．play against; cheer for C．suffer from; happy for【答案】B【详解】句意：——我们班将和八班比赛，我相信我们班会赢这场比赛。你能来为我们加油吗？——我当然会的。考查动词短语。fight against与……斗争；prepare for为……做准备；play against同……比赛；cheer for为……加油；suffer from遭受；happy for为……高兴。根据“win the game”可知，此处是同八班比赛，故第一空用play against；根据“Our class will ．．． Class 8”可知，此处应是在我们和八班比赛时来为我们加油，故第二空用cheer for。故选B。【写作佳句】I am sure our team will win the match． I can’t wait to cheer for our heroes．我相信我们队会赢得这场比赛。我迫不及待地为我们的英雄们欢呼。18、forget to do sth． “忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”Don't forget to give him some food．别忘记给他一些食物。【考向一】【重点】forget doing sth．意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”。My grandfather forgot telling me the story．我祖父忘了他给我讲过这个故事。【考向二】【重点】有类似用法的词还有remember。remember to do sth．意为“记得要做某事”；remember doing sth．意为“记得做过某事”。Remember to close the door when you go out．记住当你出去时要关门。I remember seeing her somewhere．我记得在哪儿见过她。【经典练】1．—Please give the book back to me．—Oh, I am sorry． I ________ to bring it here． I ________ it at home．A．forget; forget B．forgot; left C．forgot; forget D．will forget; leave【答案】B【详解】句意：——请把那本书还给我。——哦，对不起。我忘了把它带这里。我把它落在家里了。考查动词和时态。forget忘记；leave遗留，落下。根据“I am sorry．”可知，此处表示我现在无法归还那本书，因此把它忘了带来，忘了带这本书应是发生在说话之前，是在过去，故第一个空用一般过去时，排除AD；把它落在家里用动词leave，故选B。【写作佳句】If you forget to bring your dictionary, I can share mine with you．如果你忘了带字典，我可以和你共用我的。19、helpless / 'helpləs / adj．无助的由名词help＋后缀less构成，类似构成的词有：childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless，careless， painless，colourless等。Sometimes the disabled are helpless．有时候，残疾人是无助的。【经典练】1． Some parents often feel ____ when their children don’t listen to them and play too many computer games．A．useful B．useless C．helpful D．helpless【答案】D【详解】句意：当孩子不听他们的话，玩太多电脑游戏时，一些家长常常感到无助。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的；useless无用的；helpful乐于助人的；helpless无助的。根据“when their children don't listen to them and play too many computer games”可知，孩子的这种表现，家长应该感到无助。故选D。【写作佳句】When they felt helpless after the earthquake, the government offered them food and clothes．地震过后，当他们感到无助时，政府给了他们食物和衣服。20、useful /‘jusːfl/ adj．有用的由名词use＋后缀ful构成，类似构成的词有：delightful， cheerful， painful， colourful， harmful， successful， thoughtful， wonderful等。This book is useful to me．这本书对我来说很有用。【考向一】 useful可用作定语和表语。useful以辅音音素开头，故前面的不定冠词用a。【考向二】 useful的比较级为more useful，最高级为most useful。useful的反义词为useless。固定搭配：be useful for sth．有助于……；be useful to sb．对某人有用【经典练】1．Li Lei wants to learn English well． So he decides to do ________ to improve his English．A．something useful B．useful something C．useful everything D．nothing useful【答案】A【详解】句意：李磊想学好英语。所以他决定做一些有益的事情来提高他的英语。考查代词辨析以及定语后置。something一些事；everything所有事；nothing没有事。形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放代词之后，排除BC；根据“do．．．to improve his English”可知是做一些事情，用something。故选A。【写作佳句】We know that English is an important subject, and it’s also a useful subject．我们知道英语是一门重要的学科，也是一门有用的学科。21、by underground “乘地铁”【考向一】【重点】 “by ＋交通工具”中表示交通工具的名词只能用单数形式，且其前不能有限定词或修饰词。如带有限定词或修饰词时，要用介词in或on。如：in a car，on a bus等。I go to school by bike every day．＝ I go to school on a bike every day．我每天骑自行车上学。【考向二】【重点】go to．．． by underground相当于take the underground to．．．，意为“乘地铁去……”。Will you take the underground to the zoo？＝ Will you go to the zoo by underground？你将乘地铁去动物园吗？【经典练】1．It takes us about one hour to get to Nanjing Lukou Airport by ________ underground from the hotel．A．an B．a C．the D．/【答案】D【详解】句意：从酒店乘地铁到南京禄口机场大约需要一个小时。考查冠词的用法。by underground“乘地铁”，固定短语。故选D。【写作佳句】There was something wrong with my car，so I went to work by underground．我的车出了点问题，所以我乘地铁去工作。一、(not)as＋adj．＋as结构 1．当两个比较对象在某方面程度相同，即A＝B时，用“ as＋形容词原级＋as”结构，表示“与……一样”。English is as important as Maths．英语和数学一样重要。2．当两个比较对象中，在某方面一方不及另一方，即A
2024-2025学年八年级上册英语单元知识速记清单Unit 3《A day out》考点1．exercise/'eksəsaɪz/ vi 锻炼You should exercise often．你应该经常锻炼。【考向】 exercise还可以作名词：【速记小筏】一语辨异：The doctor said that he lacked exercise and suggested that he should do some running and morning exercises．医生说他缺乏锻炼，并建议他跑跑步做做早操。【经典练】1．It is _________ _________ regularly and eat and sleep well．A．important, exercise B．importance, exerciseC．importantly, to exercise D．important, to exercise【答案】D【详解】句意：有规律的锻炼，吃好睡好是很重要的。考查it的固定句型。important重要的，形容词；exercise锻炼，动词；importance重要，名词；importantly重要地，副词。根据题干可知，本题考查固定句型：It is+形容词+to do sth，意为“做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故选D。【写作佳句】Exercise more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy．在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。考点2、come on 【考向】句式分析法：come on！用于祈使句，用来鼓励对方。也可用来表示劝说、催促、不耐烦等。Come on！ We are going to be late．快点！我们快迟到了。 Come on！Don't cry any more！好啦！不要再哭了！【经典练】1．Danny, ________, please． The others are catching up with you．A．come up B．come over C．come on D．come in【答案】C【详解】句意：丹尼，快点。其他人正在追赶你。考查动词短语。come up即将发生；come over过来；come on快点；come in进来。根据“The others are catching up with you．”可知，其他人正在追赶，所以让丹尼快点。故选C。【写作佳句】（2020·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）—Come on! You should never say no before you try．—加油！在你尝试之前，你不应该说不。3、enjoy oneself “玩得高兴，过得愉快”enjoy oneself 相当于have a good time或have fun。We enjoyed ourselves in the park last Sunday．上周日我们在公园里玩得很开心。【考向】【易错点】enjoy后可接名词、代词和动名词。enjoy后接动词时，只能用动名词形式，不能跟不定式。He enjoys reading foreign novels．他喜欢读外国小说。You will enjoy it．你会喜欢它的。【经典练】1．—Linda, how was the party last night? Did you ________ any games? —Yeah, it was so much fun． Everyone enjoyed ________ the “Get the Chair” game．A．played; play B．play; playing C．play; play D．played; playing【答案】B【详解】句意：——琳达，昨晚的聚会怎么样？你们玩游戏了吗？——玩了，太有趣了。每个人都喜欢玩“抢椅子”游戏。考查一般疑问句和非谓语动词。助动词did后加动词原形，排除AD；enjoy doing sth．“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。【写作佳句】We visited the science museum． It was really interesting and all of us enjoyed ourselves．我们参观了科学博物馆。这真的很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。4、by 在……旁边，通过，在……之前【考向】 by the river在河边；by train乘火车；by reading 通过阅读【注意】作“搭，乘”讲时，by后直接跟交通工具的名称，中间不加冠词。【经典练】1．To my surprise, his sister wrote the song all by ________．A．myself B．herself C．himself【答案】B【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，这首歌全是他姐姐自己写的。考查反身代词。myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据“his sister”可知，此空应填herself，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）Nowadays traveling by high-speed train is as popular as traveling by air in China现在乘高铁旅行和乘飞机旅行一样受欢迎。5、How long is．．．？……有多长？【考向】询问物体的长、宽、高可以使用how long/wide/tall/high．．．其回答使用：It's＋数词＋名词(表示量)＋long/wide/tall/high．【经典练】1．—________ did you stay in the park yesterday?—We stayed for two hours．A．How much B．How many C．How long D．How often【答案】C【详解】句意：——昨天你在公园里待了多长时间？——我们待了两个小时。考查特殊疑问句。How much询问价格；How many询问数量；How long询问一段时间；How often询问频率。根据“We stayed for two hours．”可知，询问一段时间，故选C。【写作佳句】— How long have you been a member of the football team?——你当足球队队员多久了？6、be made of 由……制成of 后接材料名词The desk is made of wood．这张书桌是由木头制成的。【考向】【重点】辨析：be made of，be made from与be made in【经典练】1．— Is a computer ________ a mouse, a main unit, a screen and a keyboard?— Yes． Look at this computer． The main unit ________ medal(金属)．A．be made up of, is made from B．made up of; is made ofC．made up of, are made of D．made up of; is made from【答案】B【详解】句意：——计算机是由鼠标、主机、屏幕和键盘组成的吗？——对。看看这台电脑。主机由金属制成。考查动词短语辨析。be made up of由……组成；be made from制成（外表看不出原材料）；be made of制成（外表能看出原材料）。根据“Is”可知，第一空中不需要be动词，故排除A选项，根据“The main unit ．．． medal”并结合常识可知，电脑主机的外表能看出原材料是金属，故第二空选“be made of”，主语“The main unit”表示单数，故be动词用“is”。故选B。【写作佳句】The surface of the table feels smooth． It must be made of fine wood．桌子的表面摸起来很光滑，它一定是用优质木材做的。7、fine【考向】 fine作副词，意为“够好，蛮不错”，常用于口语中【拓展】 fine作形容词，意为“身体很好的”，相当于well。fine作形容词，意为“晴朗的，美好的”。【经典练】1．—How about going climbing if it ________ this weekend．—Good idea． But nobody knows if it ________．A．is fine; rains B．will be fine; rains C．is fine; will rain D．will be fine; will rain【答案】C【详解】句意：——如果这个周末天气好，我们去爬山吧。——好主意。但是没有人知道是否会下雨。考查if的用法。第一空处if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句部分应该用一般现在时，故第一空为一般现在时，排除B、D两项。第二空处if表示“是否”，引导了一个宾语从句，根据“But nobody knows if it…”可知，此处应该用一般将来时。故选C。【写作佳句】It was such a fine day that we had a good time in the countryside．天气这么好，我们在乡下玩得很开心。8、join /dʒɔɪn/ v．加入，参加Which club do you want to join？你想加入哪个俱乐部？【考向】【易错点】辨析：join与 join in【经典练】1．—Bob, I’m not good at English． What should I do?—Why not ________ an English club to practice ________ English?A．to join; speaking B．to join; to speak C．join; speaking D．join; to speak【答案】C【详解】句意：——鲍勃，我不擅长英语。我该怎么办？——为什么不加入英语俱乐部练习说英语呢？考查特殊疑问句及非谓语动词。why not do sth．“为什么不做某事”，故第一空应用动词原形；practice doing sth．“练习做某事”，故第二空应用动名词形式。故选C。【写作佳句】We are going to play football after school． Would you like to join us?放学后我们打算踢足球。你愿意加入我们吗？9、invite sb． to do sth．意为“邀请某人做某事”Did you invite your friends to go shopping with you？你邀请你的朋友们和你一起去购物了吗？【考向】【重点】表示“邀请某人参加某项活动”时,可用“invite sb． to＋名词（短语）”，此处的to为介词。He invited me to a dinner party．他邀请我参加宴会。【经典练】1．—Did you ________ some of your friends to your party?—Yes, and they are all glad to come for it．A．invite B．develop C．gather【答案】A【详解】句意：——你邀请你的一些朋友来参加你的聚会了吗？——是的，他们都很高兴为此而来。考查动词辨析。invite邀请；develop发展；gather聚集。根据“some of your friends to your party”及“they are all glad to come for it”可知，此处指邀请朋友们来参加聚会，故选A。【写作佳句】—Our school will invite Mr． Wang to give us a talk on environmental protection next week． ——下周我们学校将邀请王先生给我们做一个关于环境保护的演讲。10、arrive / ə'raɪv / vi．到达They arrived at the station at 3 this afternoon．他们今天下午3点到达了车站。【考向】【重点】辨析：arrive， get与reach【注意】如果后面没有任何表示地点的名词或副词时，则只能用arrive。When did you arrive？你是何时到达的？【拓展】 arrive的名词形式为arrival，意为“到来，到达”。We are waiting for his arrival．我们正等待他的到来。【经典练】1．—When did Tom ________ Beijing? —Yesterday．A．arrive B．arrive in C．got to D．reached【答案】B【详解】句意：——汤姆什么时候到达北京？——昨天。考查动词短语以及特殊疑问句。arrive到达，不及物动词；arrive in到达，后可加宾语；got to到达；reached到达。助动词did后加动词原形，排除CD；空后有宾语，用arrive in。故选B。【写作佳句】—Oh, I arrived here at 7: 00 to prepare for the test．——哦，我七点到这里准备考试。11、in front of “在……前面”There are many trees in front of our building．在我们楼前有许多树。【考向】辨析：in front of与in the front ofThere's a bus stop in front of the house．在房子前面有一个公共汽车站。（指在某物体之外的前面）The driver sits in the front of the bus．驾驶员坐在公共汽车的前端。（指在某物体内部的前面）【经典练】1．The boy is standing ________ the classroom and making a daily report．A．in front of B．in the front of C．in front D．in the front【答案】B【详解】句意：这个男孩正站在教室前面做每日报告。考查介词短语。in front of在……（外部的）前面；in the front of在……（内部的）前面；in front在前面；in the front在前面。根据“The boy is standing ．．． the classroom and making a daily report．”可知，男孩是站在教室的前面，即某物内部的前面，应用in the front of。故选B。【写作佳句】—I always feel nervous when speaking in front of others．——在其他人面前讲话的时候我总会感到紧张。12、by oneself 独立地，独自Can you finish the work by yourself？你能独自完成这项工作吗？【考向】 by oneself相当于alone或on one's own。I can do it by myself．＝ I can do it alone．＝I can do it on my own．我能独立完成它。【经典练】1．—_________ do you improve your English?—I improve it _________ working with a group．A．How; with B．What; by C．How; by【答案】C【详解】句意：——你是如何提高英语的？——我通过与团队合作来提高英语。考查特殊疑问句和介词辨析。根据答语“I improve it…working with a group．”（我通过与团队合作来提高英语），可知问句是表达“你是如何提高英语的？”，疑问词应用how“如何”；根据“working with a group”，可知此处表达的是一种方式，应用介词by。故选C。【写作佳句】There is a university by the side of the river．河边有一所大学。13、look like “看起来像……”like是介词，后面常接名词（短语）或代词。He looks like his father．他看起来像他父亲。【考向】辨析：look like与be like【速记小筏】一语辨异：The two brothers do not look like each other, but they are like each other．这两兄弟虽然长得不像，性格却相似。【经典练】1．—________ the weather ________ in Shanghai in summer? —It’s very hot．A．What does; look like B．What’s; look like C．What’s; like D．How’s; like【答案】C【详解】句意：——上海夏天的天气怎么样？——非常热。考查特殊疑问句。询问天气的句型“What+be+the weather+like?”和“How+be+the weather?”。故选C。【写作佳句】Linda really looks like her mother． They both have big eyes and round faces．琳达长得真像她妈妈。她们都有大眼睛和圆脸。14、too much 太多；过于【考向】【易错点】辨析：too much与much too【注意】too much修饰名词时，后接不可数名词；too many修饰名词时，后接可数名词复数形式。【速记小筏】too much和much too，区别用法看后头；much 后接不可数，too则修饰形或副。【经典练】1．Don’t drink ________ cola． It’s ________ your health．A．much too; bad at B．too much; bad for C．too much; bad at D．much too; bad for【答案】B【详解】句意：不要喝太多可乐。它对你的健康有坏处。考查形容词短语。much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；be bad at不擅长；be good for对……有坏处。第一个空修饰不可数名词cola用too much；根据“your health”可知是对健康有坏处，用be bad for。故选B。【写作佳句】—It’s bad for us to drink too much coffee．——咖啡喝多了对我们不好。15、support / sə'pɔːt / n．支持There is strong public support for the change．公众大力支持这一变革。【考向】 support还可作动词，意为“支持”。I support you．我支持你。【拓展】：supporter n．支持者；拥护者【经典练】1．When you are in need, you can ask your family for help and ________．A．support B．practice C．challenges D．standards【答案】A【详解】句意：当你需要帮助时，你可以向家人寻求帮助和支持。考查名词辨析。support支持；practice练习；challenges挑战；standards标准。根据“ask your family for help and．．．”可知是向家人寻求帮助和支持。故选A。【写作佳句】Because of pollution, this lake is now too harmful to support fish．由于污染，这个湖现在太有害了，不能养鱼。16、take place “发生，进行”take place 为不及物动词短语，无被动语态。The basketball game will take place on Sunday．篮球比赛将在周日举行。【考向】【难点】辨析：take place与happen【经典练】1．— This year’s college entrance examination will ________ in July, a month later than usual．— Then the students will have more time to ________ the exam．A．take place; prepare for B．come true; copy downC．make sure; find out【答案】A【详解】句意：——今年的高考将在七月举行，比往常晚了一个月。——这样学生们就有更多的时间准备考试了。考查动词短语。take place举行；prepare for为……做准备；come true实现；copy down抄下；make sure确保；find out查明。根据“This year’s college entrance examination will”可知考试要举行；根据“have more time to．．．the exam”可知是有时间为考试做准备。故选A。【写作佳句】The International Museum Day takes place on May 18th every year．每年的5月18日是国际博物馆日。17、cheer for 为……喝彩/欢呼”Let's go and cheer for them．咱们去为他们加油吧。【考向一】 cheer up（使）变得更高兴，振奋起来How can we cheer him up？我们怎么能使他高兴起来呢？【考向二】 cheer还可作名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。Three cheers for the winners！为优胜者欢呼三次吧！【经典练】1．—Our class will _______ Class 8． I believe our class will win the game．Could you come and ________us?—Of course I will．A．fight against; prepare for B．play against; cheer for C．suffer from; happy for【答案】B【详解】句意：——我们班将和八班比赛，我相信我们班会赢这场比赛。你能来为我们加油吗？——我当然会的。考查动词短语。fight against与……斗争；prepare for为……做准备；play against同……比赛；cheer for为……加油；suffer from遭受；happy for为……高兴。根据“win the game”可知，此处是同八班比赛，故第一空用play against；根据“Our class will ．．． Class 8”可知，此处应是在我们和八班比赛时来为我们加油，故第二空用cheer for。故选B。【写作佳句】I am sure our team will win the match． I can’t wait to cheer for our heroes．我相信我们队会赢得这场比赛。我迫不及待地为我们的英雄们欢呼。18、forget to do sth． “忘记要做某事（事情还没做）”Don't forget to give him some food．别忘记给他一些食物。【考向一】【重点】forget doing sth．意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了）”。My grandfather forgot telling me the story．我祖父忘了他给我讲过这个故事。【考向二】【重点】有类似用法的词还有remember。remember to do sth．意为“记得要做某事”；remember doing sth．意为“记得做过某事”。Remember to close the door when you go out．记住当你出去时要关门。I remember seeing her somewhere．我记得在哪儿见过她。【经典练】1．—Please give the book back to me．—Oh, I am sorry． I ________ to bring it here． I ________ it at home．A．forget; forget B．forgot; left C．forgot; forget D．will forget; leave【答案】B【详解】句意：——请把那本书还给我。——哦，对不起。我忘了把它带这里。我把它落在家里了。考查动词和时态。forget忘记；leave遗留，落下。根据“I am sorry．”可知，此处表示我现在无法归还那本书，因此把它忘了带来，忘了带这本书应是发生在说话之前，是在过去，故第一个空用一般过去时，排除AD；把它落在家里用动词leave，故选B。【写作佳句】If you forget to bring your dictionary, I can share mine with you．如果你忘了带字典，我可以和你共用我的。19、helpless / 'helpləs / adj．无助的由名词help＋后缀less构成，类似构成的词有：childless，harmless，hopeless，meaningless，careless， painless，colourless等。Sometimes the disabled are helpless．有时候，残疾人是无助的。【经典练】1． Some parents often feel ____ when their children don’t listen to them and play too many computer games．A．useful B．useless C．helpful D．helpless【答案】D【详解】句意：当孩子不听他们的话，玩太多电脑游戏时，一些家长常常感到无助。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的；useless无用的；helpful乐于助人的；helpless无助的。根据“when their children don't listen to them and play too many computer games”可知，孩子的这种表现，家长应该感到无助。故选D。【写作佳句】When they felt helpless after the earthquake, the government offered them food and clothes．地震过后，当他们感到无助时，政府给了他们食物和衣服。20、useful /‘jusːfl/ adj．有用的由名词use＋后缀ful构成，类似构成的词有：delightful， cheerful， painful， colourful， harmful， successful， thoughtful， wonderful等。This book is useful to me．这本书对我来说很有用。【考向一】 useful可用作定语和表语。useful以辅音音素开头，故前面的不定冠词用a。【考向二】 useful的比较级为more useful，最高级为most useful。useful的反义词为useless。固定搭配：be useful for sth．有助于……；be useful to sb．对某人有用【经典练】1．Li Lei wants to learn English well． So he decides to do ________ to improve his English．A．something useful B．useful something C．useful everything D．nothing useful【答案】A【详解】句意：李磊想学好英语。所以他决定做一些有益的事情来提高他的英语。考查代词辨析以及定语后置。something一些事；everything所有事；nothing没有事。形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放代词之后，排除BC；根据“do．．．to improve his English”可知是做一些事情，用something。故选A。【写作佳句】We know that English is an important subject, and it’s also a useful subject．我们知道英语是一门重要的学科，也是一门有用的学科。21、by underground “乘地铁”【考向一】【重点】 “by ＋交通工具”中表示交通工具的名词只能用单数形式，且其前不能有限定词或修饰词。如带有限定词或修饰词时，要用介词in或on。如：in a car，on a bus等。I go to school by bike every day．＝ I go to school on a bike every day．我每天骑自行车上学。【考向二】【重点】go to．．． by underground相当于take the underground to．．．，意为“乘地铁去……”。Will you take the underground to the zoo？＝ Will you go to the zoo by underground？你将乘地铁去动物园吗？【经典练】1．It takes us about one hour to get to Nanjing Lukou Airport by ________ underground from the hotel．A．an B．a C．the D．/【答案】D【详解】句意：从酒店乘地铁到南京禄口机场大约需要一个小时。考查冠词的用法。by underground“乘地铁”，固定短语。故选D。【写作佳句】There was something wrong with my car，so I went to work by underground．我的车出了点问题，所以我乘地铁去工作。一、(not)as＋adj．＋as结构 1．当两个比较对象在某方面程度相同，即A＝B时，用“ as＋形容词原级＋as”结构，表示“与……一样”。English is as important as Maths．英语和数学一样重要。2．当两个比较对象中，在某方面一方不及另一方，即A
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