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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Poems习题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Poems习题，共12页。
Section Ⅳ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确单词
1. When I was a child, I learned lots of poems, most of which I can recite even now.
2. It requires every student to fill in the blanks using proper words.
3. I have no sympathy for Jane; it’s all her own fault.
4. I advise you to polish your article once more before you send it to the editor.
5. Women sometimes face prejudice in the workplace.
6. Classic Greek drama(戏剧) was written in verse, usually in a formal style.
7. The boat rocked up and down in rhythm(节奏) with the sea.
8. I used to be an amateur(业余的) astronomer and watched the stars through my telescope.
9. Tom corresponds(通信) with his pen friend John regularly.
10. The deadline(截止日期) for applications is 30 April.
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in sorrow, nursery rhyme, at dawn, be made up of, in the mood for, show sympathy for, a string of, keep up, come across, cherry blossom
1. Oceania is made up of Australia and New Zealand and so on.
2. I was so hungry all the time that I couldn’t keep up my weight-loss programme.
3. Nursery rhymes have been the literature works that children contact earliest.
4. I have a lot of work to do today, so I am not in the mood for the concert tonight.
5. April is my favourite month when the cherry blossom comes out.
6. She likes to wear a string of pearls around her neck.
7. I think she did it more in sorrow than in anger.
8. While cleaning the room yesterday, I came across an old photo of my mother.
9. We should show sympathy for the victims of the flood and give them as much help as possible.
10. I woke up at dawn, only to find the people were already out in the fields.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. Every time I think of her, I get depressed and sorrowful(sorrow).
2. They finished first and second respectively(respective).
3. She is moody(mood) and bad-tempered, making her have few friends.
4. I’ve gone through all the shelves(shelf), but couldn’t find the book you want.
5. Children will lose their innocence(innocent) as they grow older.
6. What is the deadline for the speech contest?
7. I’d like to study law at university while my cousin prefers geography.
8. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
9. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.
10. Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
In 1991, Terry Gelber rented a stage at the Castillo Cultural Centre to perform his poetry. When asked by the booking agent what kind of poetry he wrote, his response was “Taxi Poetry”.
While driving his taxi and reciting poetry, he noticed his taxi driver’s licenses are also called “hack licenses”. Then he thought for a moment and said, “Hack Poetry!” Thus “Hack Poetry” was born.
At the first reading of Hack Poetry, a fellow taxi driver and poet Tom Ostrowski joined Terry. The two cabbie poets read to an audience of six people plus one reporter from New York Magazine. Asked by Charles W. Bell of the New York Daily News what he called the growing group of taxi poets that appeared at readings, Gelber replied, “Did you see the movie Dead Poets Society?”
In 1992, a poetry contest was added and a television game show was produced for Manhattan TV. In the following years, Terry appeared as the Hack Poet at lots of events reading his Hack Poetry and writing poems for special days such as when an old taxi was put in the Museum of New York. After a successful business in 1999, the Hack Poet bought an old farm in the Catskill Mountains where he has been able to be close to nature and animals. Poets will be invited to share the loneliness of the hills in a place that thankfully has not quite moved into the 21st century.
1. What is Hack Group according to the text?
A. Another name for famous poets.
B. People who like to hear others read poems.
C. A group of people who like reading poems in taxis.
D. A group of taxi drivers who read and write poems.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“a fellow taxi driver” “two cabbie poets”和“the growing group of taxi poets”可知,Hack Group指的是读诗、写诗的出租车司机们。故选D。
答案:D
2. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Poets for Special Occasions
B. The History of the Hack Poetry
C. Drivers and Poets
D. Taxi Drivers Like Poems
解析:标题归纳题。文章叙述了1991年Hack Poetry的诞生及其进一步发展的过程,因此本文的标题应是“Hack Poetry的历史”。故选B。
答案:B
3. Who do the underlined words “the Hack Poet” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Terry Gelber.
B. Tom Ostrowski.
C. Charles W. Bell.
D. Someone unknown.
解析:词义猜测题。根据本段中“In the following years, Terry appeared as the Hack Poet ...”可知,the Hack Poet指的就是特里·盖尔伯。故选A。
答案:A
4. Why was the old farm in the Catskill Mountains chosen?
A. It is large in area.
B. It is a good place to go hunting.
C. It is a primitive place seldom disturbed.
D. It is a nice place for commerce and trade.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后两句可知,卡兹基尔山是一个比较原始的、还没有被现代文明所打扰的、人们可以亲近大自然与动物的地方,故选C。
答案:C
B
(2022年·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A groundbreaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
5. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution.
C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,布拉西的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D。
答案:D
6. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
答案:C
7. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
解析:段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知,本段主要是通过列分析结果来进一步证明研究的结果。故选A。
答案:A
8. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,史蒂文·莫兰认为语言是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
答案:C
C
Top Poetry Writing Tips
Tip 1: Poetry involves work, rest and play.
9. It involves hard work, especially in the early stage when you are deciding on the overall form and tone of the poem, and getting the bones of it onto the page. But writing poetry should be a playful activity, too. Have fun playing around with the language, the ideas and the music inside the poem.
Tip 2: Poetry requires both words and silence.
Poetry has been defined as “the best words in their best order”. Choose your words carefully for their sounds and meaning. 10. Just as the white space on the page is needed to shape the pattern of words, so the thoughts that are left unsaid, the pauses and the quiet hints, will add something extra to your poem. 11. If you have created enough solid stepping stones in words and thoughts, then the reader will follow you to the end of the poem.
Tip 3: 12.
Poets often turn to writing a poem when they experience a strong emotion and have the need to express it. The reading of other people’s poetry can also give comfort or a sense that you are not alone in how you are feeling. But be careful not to write your poem with abstract emotions and don’t tell your readers how to think or feel.
Tip 4: Writing poetry can be difficult to start and hard to let go.
It is often difficult to know how to start a poem, but the trick is to recognise the beginnings of them, in everyday life. 13. They can start from remembering a funny conversation that you’ve overheard at the bus stop, yesterday’s nightmare, a secret you’ve been told, or an interesting postcard that you have noticed in a shop. If you catch yourself thinking about something for more than a minute or two, that’s when you reach for a pen and some paper and start jotting down(匆匆记下) thoughts, words and phrases.
A. But poetry is also about silence.
B. Writing a good poem rarely comes easily.
C. Don’t be afraid of the gaps that you leave.
D. Poetry needs an emotion and a control of it.
E. Poetry sets the scene for readers to step into.
F. Poems don’t have to come from exciting events.
G. You must write your feelings and views with passion.
9. 解析:根据下文“It involves hard work ...”可知,写一首好诗是不容易的,故选B。
答案:B
10. 解析:根据标题“Poetry requires both words and silence.”可知,本段阐述诗歌不仅需要文字也需要留白。本段前两句已经阐述了words,因此空格处以及下文应该是阐述silence。故选A。
答案:A
11. 解析:空格上文阐述为了塑造文字的模式,页面上要留下空白,诗歌也一样,需要停顿和暗示,因此“不要害怕留下空白”,符合语境。故选C。
答案:C
12. 解析:空格处是段落主题句。分析段落中的核心词汇a strong emotion、comfort、alone、abstract emotions、feel等都和情感有关系,故选D。
答案:D
13. 解析:根据上文“... the beginnings of them, in everyday life.”和下文“... start from remembering a funny conversation ... yesterday’s nightmare, a secret you’ve been told, or an interesting postcard that you have noticed in a shop.”可知诗歌来自日常生活,不必一定来自令人激动的大事,故选F。
答案:F
Ⅴ. 完形填空
How Did Poetry Begin?
Poems can make you feel emotions, like anger or sadness, depending on the words and how they are put together. That is the 1 of poetry.
Poetry 2 even before humans knew how to read and write, dating back to around 3000 BCE. Some of the earliest poetry was
3 or sung, and was used as a way to record and pass down historical and religious stories and cultural traditions from one generation to the next. Since writing was not practised then, certain sounds and rhymes were used to make these stories 4 and therefore, memorable.
There are 5 three types of ancient poetry. The first was an epic(史诗) or long narrative(叙事的) poetry usually about a 6
event. The second type was lyric(抒情的) poetry or poetry that 7
personal feelings. Finally there was drama or stories written in verse and usually 8 like Greek tragedies and Shakespeare’s plays.
The invention of the printing press(印刷机) in the 15th century brought poetry to the common people. This was followed by several major literary periods, during which poetry 9 dramatic changes. They started with Europe’s Renaissance period from the 14th to the 16th century, which first helped poetry and poets like Shakespeare and Sir Walter Raleigh become popular.
The Romantic period saw 10 poems that expressed a poet’s joys, hopes, and sorrows in a conversational tone. Then came the Victorian era, which saw the 11 of structured poems and the birth of modern “ 12 verse” poetry. American poet Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass is 13 to be the first example of free verse poetry.
Modern poetry is a 14 of all of these styles. We still see rhymes in children’s poems and in the popular African-American styles of hip hop and rap music, which are a 15 of rhymed poetry put to a musical beat.
1. A. style B. power
C. tone D. rhyme
解析:根据上文中“Poems can make you feel emotions, like anger or sadness ...”可知,诗歌可以让人们感受到情感,比如生气或者悲伤等,这说明了诗歌的力量。style风格;power力量;tone语气,音调;rhyme押韵。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. existed B. survived
C. changed D. mattered
解析:句意:诗歌甚至在人类懂得如何阅读和写作之前就已经存在了。exist存在;survive幸存;change改变;matter有关系,重要。故选A。
答案:A
3. A. published B. copied
C. analysed D. recited
解析:早期的一些诗歌被背诵或歌唱,是一种将历史和宗教故事以及文化传统记录下来和代代传递下去的方式。publish出版,发行;copy复制,抄写;analyse分析;recite背诵,吟诵。故选D。
答案:D
4. A. mysterious B. interesting
C. blank D. difficult
解析:运用某些声音和韵律可以使这些故事有趣,因此也令人难忘。mysterious神秘的;interesting有趣的;blank空白的;difficult困难的。故选B。
答案:B
5. A. mainly B. eventually
C. specially D. widely
解析:根据下文可知,主要有三种类型的古诗。mainly主要地;eventually终于,最后;specially特别地;widely广泛地。故选A。
答案:A
6. A. typical B. folk
C. romantic D. historical
解析:根据空格前面的“an epic or long narrative poetry”可知,这里指的是史诗或某一历史事件的长篇叙事性的诗歌。typical典型的;folk民间的,民俗的;romantic浪漫的;historical历史的。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. expressed B. explained
C. avoided D. limited
解析:空格处所在句子是给抒情诗下定义的,即抒情诗是表达个人情感的诗歌。express表达;explain解释;avoid避免;limit限制。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. sorted out B. tried out
C. acted out D. carried out
解析:根据空格前面的“there was drama or stories written in verse”可知,这些诗歌是戏剧或诗体故事,通常是表演出来的。sort out分类;try out试验,选拔;act out表演;carry out开展,实施。故选C。
答案:C
9. A. went through B. got over
C. gave up D. let out
解析:根据空格前面的“several major literary periods”和后面的“dramatic changes”可知,在这几个时期中,诗歌经历了巨大的变化。go through经历,仔细检查;get over克服;give up放弃;let out发出,泄露。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. excellent B. specific
C. sensitive D. personal
解析:根据下文中的“that expressed a poet’s joys, hopes, and sorrows”可知,这里指的是表达个人情感的诗歌。excellent极好的;specific具体的,特定的;sensitive敏感的,体贴的;personal个人的,私人的。故选D。
答案:D
11. A. end B. start
C. core D. source
解析:此处和后面的“the birth of modern ‘ 12 verse’ poetry”中的birth对比,因此指structured poems的结束。end结束,末尾;start开始;core核心,精髓;source来源。故选A。
答案:A
12. A. simple B. short
C. oral D. free
解析:根据下文中的“the first example of free verse poetry”可知,此空应填free。 simple简单的;short短的,矮的;oral口头的;free自由的,免费的,空闲的。故选D。
答案:D
13. A. referred B. considered
C. chosen D. treated
解析:结合上下文可知,此处是说美国诗人沃尔特·惠特曼的《草叶集》被认为是自由诗的第一例。refer提及,参考,查阅;consider认为,考虑;
choose选择;treat对待。故选B。
答案:B
14. A. contest B. combination
C. variety D. number
解析:现代诗歌是所有这些类型的结合。contest比赛,竞争;combination结合;variety多样化;number数量,数目。故选B。
答案:B
15. A. form B. performance
C. cause D. result
解析:结合空格前面的“children’s poems”和“hip hop and rap music”可知,它们是押韵诗歌的一种形式。form形式;performance表演,表现;cause起因;result结果。故选A。
答案:A
Ⅵ. 读后续写
It is natural that every student remembers the first day at school well. It gave me a terrible feeling of fear and anxiety but I also made a good friend.
When I was of the school-going age,it was my mother who first thought of sending me to school. When she expressed it I thought that she was a heartless woman. It seemed to me that my happy days of playing with my toys were taken from me forever.
As I went to school with my father, my mind was disturbed at first. Although I had heard about school, I had not visited it earlier. My father took me to school which was an unknown place for me. Teachers and students were strangers to me. When I entered the school I felt nervous. It was a big building with tall walls.The atmosphere of the school was calm and quiet. However, as a small child I could not feel stable at the sight of the building. I was not acquainted with such atmosphere earlier.
It was an old and famous school in our community. My father was a student there in his childhood and youth. The headmaster was well known to my father and greeted him with a smile. My father introduced me to the headmaster and requested him to admit me to the school. Then I was admitted as a student. The headmaster allowed me to attend the class. I became nervous. My father left me at the door of a classroom and went away. I was about to cry. Finally, I made up my mind and knocked at the door. A lady allowed me in. It was a classroom filled with students of all size. They looked at me curiously and I just wanted to find a place to hide. The lady led me to a desk behind a girl named Jane and asked us to introduce ourselves one by one.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
When Jane finished introducing herself, it was my turn to stand in front of everybody. I stood up and walked slowly forward. It was as if a mile away. I looked down at the floor and started to introduce myself. But I was so nervous that I almost couldn’t hear my own voice. I could hear my own heart pounding and feel sweat rolling down my back. I rushed back when I finished, feeling stupid. Jane turned around and smiled to me, saying that she was nervous too, which gave me a great relief.
Jane helped me out again when it was lunch time but my parents forgot to give me a lunch box that day. I felt so helpless when I saw other students take out of their lunch boxes and started to eat. I really wanted to cry and rushed back home immediately. Suddenly, Jane handed me a sandwich and said, “My mum packed such a big lunch box for me, big enough for an elephant.” I couldn’t help laughing and accepted it. I didn’t feel nervous any more. Since then, we became best friends.
Section Ⅳ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确单词
1. When I was a child, I learned lots of poems, most of which I can recite even now.
2. It requires every student to fill in the blanks using proper words.
3. I have no sympathy for Jane; it’s all her own fault.
4. I advise you to polish your article once more before you send it to the editor.
5. Women sometimes face prejudice in the workplace.
6. Classic Greek drama(戏剧) was written in verse, usually in a formal style.
7. The boat rocked up and down in rhythm(节奏) with the sea.
8. I used to be an amateur(业余的) astronomer and watched the stars through my telescope.
9. Tom corresponds(通信) with his pen friend John regularly.
10. The deadline(截止日期) for applications is 30 April.
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in sorrow, nursery rhyme, at dawn, be made up of, in the mood for, show sympathy for, a string of, keep up, come across, cherry blossom
1. Oceania is made up of Australia and New Zealand and so on.
2. I was so hungry all the time that I couldn’t keep up my weight-loss programme.
3. Nursery rhymes have been the literature works that children contact earliest.
4. I have a lot of work to do today, so I am not in the mood for the concert tonight.
5. April is my favourite month when the cherry blossom comes out.
6. She likes to wear a string of pearls around her neck.
7. I think she did it more in sorrow than in anger.
8. While cleaning the room yesterday, I came across an old photo of my mother.
9. We should show sympathy for the victims of the flood and give them as much help as possible.
10. I woke up at dawn, only to find the people were already out in the fields.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. Every time I think of her, I get depressed and sorrowful(sorrow).
2. They finished first and second respectively(respective).
3. She is moody(mood) and bad-tempered, making her have few friends.
4. I’ve gone through all the shelves(shelf), but couldn’t find the book you want.
5. Children will lose their innocence(innocent) as they grow older.
6. What is the deadline for the speech contest?
7. I’d like to study law at university while my cousin prefers geography.
8. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
9. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which turned out to be a wise decision.
10. Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
In 1991, Terry Gelber rented a stage at the Castillo Cultural Centre to perform his poetry. When asked by the booking agent what kind of poetry he wrote, his response was “Taxi Poetry”.
While driving his taxi and reciting poetry, he noticed his taxi driver’s licenses are also called “hack licenses”. Then he thought for a moment and said, “Hack Poetry!” Thus “Hack Poetry” was born.
At the first reading of Hack Poetry, a fellow taxi driver and poet Tom Ostrowski joined Terry. The two cabbie poets read to an audience of six people plus one reporter from New York Magazine. Asked by Charles W. Bell of the New York Daily News what he called the growing group of taxi poets that appeared at readings, Gelber replied, “Did you see the movie Dead Poets Society?”
In 1992, a poetry contest was added and a television game show was produced for Manhattan TV. In the following years, Terry appeared as the Hack Poet at lots of events reading his Hack Poetry and writing poems for special days such as when an old taxi was put in the Museum of New York. After a successful business in 1999, the Hack Poet bought an old farm in the Catskill Mountains where he has been able to be close to nature and animals. Poets will be invited to share the loneliness of the hills in a place that thankfully has not quite moved into the 21st century.
1. What is Hack Group according to the text?
A. Another name for famous poets.
B. People who like to hear others read poems.
C. A group of people who like reading poems in taxis.
D. A group of taxi drivers who read and write poems.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“a fellow taxi driver” “two cabbie poets”和“the growing group of taxi poets”可知,Hack Group指的是读诗、写诗的出租车司机们。故选D。
答案:D
2. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Poets for Special Occasions
B. The History of the Hack Poetry
C. Drivers and Poets
D. Taxi Drivers Like Poems
解析:标题归纳题。文章叙述了1991年Hack Poetry的诞生及其进一步发展的过程,因此本文的标题应是“Hack Poetry的历史”。故选B。
答案:B
3. Who do the underlined words “the Hack Poet” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Terry Gelber.
B. Tom Ostrowski.
C. Charles W. Bell.
D. Someone unknown.
解析:词义猜测题。根据本段中“In the following years, Terry appeared as the Hack Poet ...”可知,the Hack Poet指的就是特里·盖尔伯。故选A。
答案:A
4. Why was the old farm in the Catskill Mountains chosen?
A. It is large in area.
B. It is a good place to go hunting.
C. It is a primitive place seldom disturbed.
D. It is a nice place for commerce and trade.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后两句可知,卡兹基尔山是一个比较原始的、还没有被现代文明所打扰的、人们可以亲近大自然与动物的地方,故选C。
答案:C
B
(2022年·新高考Ⅰ卷)
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A groundbreaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
5. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution.
C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,布拉西的研究重点是在语言的演变上。故选D。
答案:D
6. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,古代成年人的下颚结构使他们很难发出唇齿音。故选C。
答案:C
7. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
解析:段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知,本段主要是通过列分析结果来进一步证明研究的结果。故选A。
答案:A
8. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,史蒂文·莫兰认为语言是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C。
答案:C
C
Top Poetry Writing Tips
Tip 1: Poetry involves work, rest and play.
9. It involves hard work, especially in the early stage when you are deciding on the overall form and tone of the poem, and getting the bones of it onto the page. But writing poetry should be a playful activity, too. Have fun playing around with the language, the ideas and the music inside the poem.
Tip 2: Poetry requires both words and silence.
Poetry has been defined as “the best words in their best order”. Choose your words carefully for their sounds and meaning. 10. Just as the white space on the page is needed to shape the pattern of words, so the thoughts that are left unsaid, the pauses and the quiet hints, will add something extra to your poem. 11. If you have created enough solid stepping stones in words and thoughts, then the reader will follow you to the end of the poem.
Tip 3: 12.
Poets often turn to writing a poem when they experience a strong emotion and have the need to express it. The reading of other people’s poetry can also give comfort or a sense that you are not alone in how you are feeling. But be careful not to write your poem with abstract emotions and don’t tell your readers how to think or feel.
Tip 4: Writing poetry can be difficult to start and hard to let go.
It is often difficult to know how to start a poem, but the trick is to recognise the beginnings of them, in everyday life. 13. They can start from remembering a funny conversation that you’ve overheard at the bus stop, yesterday’s nightmare, a secret you’ve been told, or an interesting postcard that you have noticed in a shop. If you catch yourself thinking about something for more than a minute or two, that’s when you reach for a pen and some paper and start jotting down(匆匆记下) thoughts, words and phrases.
A. But poetry is also about silence.
B. Writing a good poem rarely comes easily.
C. Don’t be afraid of the gaps that you leave.
D. Poetry needs an emotion and a control of it.
E. Poetry sets the scene for readers to step into.
F. Poems don’t have to come from exciting events.
G. You must write your feelings and views with passion.
9. 解析:根据下文“It involves hard work ...”可知,写一首好诗是不容易的,故选B。
答案:B
10. 解析:根据标题“Poetry requires both words and silence.”可知,本段阐述诗歌不仅需要文字也需要留白。本段前两句已经阐述了words,因此空格处以及下文应该是阐述silence。故选A。
答案:A
11. 解析:空格上文阐述为了塑造文字的模式,页面上要留下空白,诗歌也一样,需要停顿和暗示,因此“不要害怕留下空白”,符合语境。故选C。
答案:C
12. 解析:空格处是段落主题句。分析段落中的核心词汇a strong emotion、comfort、alone、abstract emotions、feel等都和情感有关系,故选D。
答案:D
13. 解析:根据上文“... the beginnings of them, in everyday life.”和下文“... start from remembering a funny conversation ... yesterday’s nightmare, a secret you’ve been told, or an interesting postcard that you have noticed in a shop.”可知诗歌来自日常生活,不必一定来自令人激动的大事,故选F。
答案:F
Ⅴ. 完形填空
How Did Poetry Begin?
Poems can make you feel emotions, like anger or sadness, depending on the words and how they are put together. That is the 1 of poetry.
Poetry 2 even before humans knew how to read and write, dating back to around 3000 BCE. Some of the earliest poetry was
3 or sung, and was used as a way to record and pass down historical and religious stories and cultural traditions from one generation to the next. Since writing was not practised then, certain sounds and rhymes were used to make these stories 4 and therefore, memorable.
There are 5 three types of ancient poetry. The first was an epic(史诗) or long narrative(叙事的) poetry usually about a 6
event. The second type was lyric(抒情的) poetry or poetry that 7
personal feelings. Finally there was drama or stories written in verse and usually 8 like Greek tragedies and Shakespeare’s plays.
The invention of the printing press(印刷机) in the 15th century brought poetry to the common people. This was followed by several major literary periods, during which poetry 9 dramatic changes. They started with Europe’s Renaissance period from the 14th to the 16th century, which first helped poetry and poets like Shakespeare and Sir Walter Raleigh become popular.
The Romantic period saw 10 poems that expressed a poet’s joys, hopes, and sorrows in a conversational tone. Then came the Victorian era, which saw the 11 of structured poems and the birth of modern “ 12 verse” poetry. American poet Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass is 13 to be the first example of free verse poetry.
Modern poetry is a 14 of all of these styles. We still see rhymes in children’s poems and in the popular African-American styles of hip hop and rap music, which are a 15 of rhymed poetry put to a musical beat.
1. A. style B. power
C. tone D. rhyme
解析:根据上文中“Poems can make you feel emotions, like anger or sadness ...”可知,诗歌可以让人们感受到情感,比如生气或者悲伤等,这说明了诗歌的力量。style风格;power力量;tone语气,音调;rhyme押韵。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. existed B. survived
C. changed D. mattered
解析:句意:诗歌甚至在人类懂得如何阅读和写作之前就已经存在了。exist存在;survive幸存;change改变;matter有关系,重要。故选A。
答案:A
3. A. published B. copied
C. analysed D. recited
解析:早期的一些诗歌被背诵或歌唱,是一种将历史和宗教故事以及文化传统记录下来和代代传递下去的方式。publish出版,发行;copy复制,抄写;analyse分析;recite背诵,吟诵。故选D。
答案:D
4. A. mysterious B. interesting
C. blank D. difficult
解析:运用某些声音和韵律可以使这些故事有趣,因此也令人难忘。mysterious神秘的;interesting有趣的;blank空白的;difficult困难的。故选B。
答案:B
5. A. mainly B. eventually
C. specially D. widely
解析:根据下文可知,主要有三种类型的古诗。mainly主要地;eventually终于,最后;specially特别地;widely广泛地。故选A。
答案:A
6. A. typical B. folk
C. romantic D. historical
解析:根据空格前面的“an epic or long narrative poetry”可知,这里指的是史诗或某一历史事件的长篇叙事性的诗歌。typical典型的;folk民间的,民俗的;romantic浪漫的;historical历史的。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. expressed B. explained
C. avoided D. limited
解析:空格处所在句子是给抒情诗下定义的,即抒情诗是表达个人情感的诗歌。express表达;explain解释;avoid避免;limit限制。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. sorted out B. tried out
C. acted out D. carried out
解析:根据空格前面的“there was drama or stories written in verse”可知,这些诗歌是戏剧或诗体故事,通常是表演出来的。sort out分类;try out试验,选拔;act out表演;carry out开展,实施。故选C。
答案:C
9. A. went through B. got over
C. gave up D. let out
解析:根据空格前面的“several major literary periods”和后面的“dramatic changes”可知,在这几个时期中,诗歌经历了巨大的变化。go through经历,仔细检查;get over克服;give up放弃;let out发出,泄露。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. excellent B. specific
C. sensitive D. personal
解析:根据下文中的“that expressed a poet’s joys, hopes, and sorrows”可知,这里指的是表达个人情感的诗歌。excellent极好的;specific具体的,特定的;sensitive敏感的,体贴的;personal个人的,私人的。故选D。
答案:D
11. A. end B. start
C. core D. source
解析:此处和后面的“the birth of modern ‘ 12 verse’ poetry”中的birth对比,因此指structured poems的结束。end结束,末尾;start开始;core核心,精髓;source来源。故选A。
答案:A
12. A. simple B. short
C. oral D. free
解析:根据下文中的“the first example of free verse poetry”可知,此空应填free。 simple简单的;short短的,矮的;oral口头的;free自由的,免费的,空闲的。故选D。
答案:D
13. A. referred B. considered
C. chosen D. treated
解析:结合上下文可知,此处是说美国诗人沃尔特·惠特曼的《草叶集》被认为是自由诗的第一例。refer提及,参考,查阅;consider认为,考虑;
choose选择;treat对待。故选B。
答案:B
14. A. contest B. combination
C. variety D. number
解析:现代诗歌是所有这些类型的结合。contest比赛,竞争;combination结合;variety多样化;number数量,数目。故选B。
答案:B
15. A. form B. performance
C. cause D. result
解析:结合空格前面的“children’s poems”和“hip hop and rap music”可知,它们是押韵诗歌的一种形式。form形式;performance表演,表现;cause起因;result结果。故选A。
答案:A
Ⅵ. 读后续写
It is natural that every student remembers the first day at school well. It gave me a terrible feeling of fear and anxiety but I also made a good friend.
When I was of the school-going age,it was my mother who first thought of sending me to school. When she expressed it I thought that she was a heartless woman. It seemed to me that my happy days of playing with my toys were taken from me forever.
As I went to school with my father, my mind was disturbed at first. Although I had heard about school, I had not visited it earlier. My father took me to school which was an unknown place for me. Teachers and students were strangers to me. When I entered the school I felt nervous. It was a big building with tall walls.The atmosphere of the school was calm and quiet. However, as a small child I could not feel stable at the sight of the building. I was not acquainted with such atmosphere earlier.
It was an old and famous school in our community. My father was a student there in his childhood and youth. The headmaster was well known to my father and greeted him with a smile. My father introduced me to the headmaster and requested him to admit me to the school. Then I was admitted as a student. The headmaster allowed me to attend the class. I became nervous. My father left me at the door of a classroom and went away. I was about to cry. Finally, I made up my mind and knocked at the door. A lady allowed me in. It was a classroom filled with students of all size. They looked at me curiously and I just wanted to find a place to hide. The lady led me to a desk behind a girl named Jane and asked us to introduce ourselves one by one.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
When Jane finished introducing herself, it was my turn to stand in front of everybody. I stood up and walked slowly forward. It was as if a mile away. I looked down at the floor and started to introduce myself. But I was so nervous that I almost couldn’t hear my own voice. I could hear my own heart pounding and feel sweat rolling down my back. I rushed back when I finished, feeling stupid. Jane turned around and smiled to me, saying that she was nervous too, which gave me a great relief.
Jane helped me out again when it was lunch time but my parents forgot to give me a lunch box that day. I felt so helpless when I saw other students take out of their lunch boxes and started to eat. I really wanted to cry and rushed back home immediately. Suddenly, Jane handed me a sandwich and said, “My mum packed such a big lunch box for me, big enough for an elephant.” I couldn’t help laughing and accepted it. I didn’t feel nervous any more. Since then, we became best friends.
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