江苏专版2023_2024学年新教材高中英语Unit3Fitforlife素养培优练一牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

素养培优练（一）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

[2023·河北石家庄统考期末]A

Bournemouth in Dorset has always been my favourite seaside town. When I was growing up, Mum and Dad didn't have much money, but they'd saved enough for a few days in Bournemouth. I was four years old at the time. I don't actually remember much about the trip, apart from being devastated when we had to leave. Mum said I fell in love with the place and insisted on waving goodbye to the sea when it was time to go. So I grew up believing Bournemouth was a wonderful place.

Forty years on, my wife and I returned for a week's break. I was nervous, wondering if I'd be able to bring back that delight I'd felt as a child. I needn't have worried. We had a fantastic time. It helped that the British weather had decided to provide us with high temperatures and plenty of sun. But it was Bournemouth that kept me spellbound（入迷）, making me feel like a child again.

Bournemouth and its neighbour, Boscombe, are always busy, alive with chatter, music and other lively sounds. But as we stepped into Boscombe Chine Gardens, all the noise faded away. A sense of peace spread through us as we walked along the paths, delighting in the squirrels climbing up and down the trees and the bright colours of the pretty plants.

One morning, we made a short trip to Poole Quay and took the ferry to Brownsea Island. Owned by the National Trust, it's a feast for the eyes, from its mock Tudor entrance, to the many peacocks walking around, to the magnificent views of the sun sparkling on the shining waters and boats bobbing up and down, seen from the island's highest point.

Before we knew it, it was time to return home—but not before waving goodbye to the sea.

1. Which of the following best explains “devastated” underlined in Paragraph 1?

A. Excited. B. Upset. C. Surprised. D. Embarrassed.

2. What made the author feel nervous?

A. The fear of losing childhood memories.

B. The adjustment to the new circumstances.

C. The uncertainty of recalling childhood delight.

D. The exposure to high temperatures and sunshine.

3. What does the author think about Boscombe Chine Gardens?

A. It features seaside views. B. It is free of the town's noise.

C. It belongs to those wild animals. D. It reminds him of his childhood.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. Saying goodbye to Bournemouth. B. Working in a wonderful place.

C. An unforgettable childhood story. D. Revisiting a childhood favourite.

B

For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These “transfusions （输血）” usually involve giving red blood cells to patients.

Blood transfusions aren't as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else. There are several different blood types, and they don't all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems.

A new trial is being carried out in the United Kingdom. What's new in the experiment is that people are being given red blood cells that were created in a laboratory. The scientists used stem cells from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells. So the red blood cells in the experiment never actually existed inside anyone.

There are several reasons why this could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, the red blood cells that are created can be adjusted for people with different blood types. That will be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, the red blood cells created are brand new, meaning they last longer. Red blood cells live for about 120 days. A normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages. That means only a part of them are brand new. If the lab-created red blood cells last longer, it could mean that patients will need fewer transfusions.

To test the safety of the lab-grown red blood cells, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of lab-created blood to two healthy people. Both people seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, the red blood cells from the lab will be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions.

The new process isn't expected to replace normal blood transfusions, which will remain hugely important. Though the technology level has improved, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if it's successful, in the future the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions—even those with rare blood types.

5. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A. The process of blood transfusions.

B. The concept of blood transfusions.

C. The importance of blood transfusions.

D. The possible problems in blood transfusions.

6. What can we know about lab-created red blood cells?

A. They can live longer.

B. They can convey more oxygen.

C. The majority of them are brand new.

D. They are targeted at those with rare blood.

7. What stops the lab-created red blood cells being widely used?

A. The high risk. B. Their high cost.

C. The technology level. D. The lack of qualified labs.

8. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Artificial Blood Will Catch on

B. Regular Blood Transfusion Will Be Safer

C. Scientists Test Blood Grown in a Laboratory

D. Patients Are Benefiting from Newly-Created Blood

Ⅱ.七选五

[2023·湖南郴州校联考期末]Flu can be very dangerous although in most people the illness may last only a week or two. Getting a flu vaccine（疫苗） every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu.     1   

Recognize flu symptoms. Before you can effectively treat the flu, make sure that's what you actually have.     2     Common symptoms of flu include serious cough, sore throat, fever above 100 F, headaches, weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include mild cough, low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches.

    3     In some extreme cases, the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization. You need to see a doctor immediately if you are experiencing the following symptoms: shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing; chest pain or pressure; blueish skin or purplish lips; headache or neck pain.

Get some rest. Sometimes it's possible to keep working or going to school with a cold, but when you have the flu, it's important to rest.     4     Since the flu may spread by contact, staying home is as considerate as it is necessary for your recovery.

Take vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for health. Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms. Take 1,000 mg per hour for the first six hours as soon as symptoms appear. Then take 1,000 mg three times daily.     5     Though it rarely happens, too much of it may get you poisoned.

A.Know when to seek emergency medical treatment.

B.But if you get the flu, it pays to learn how to treat it.

C.Take a few days off to give your body time to recover.

D.Orange juice is another good source of natural vitamin C.

E.Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms, but more severe.

F.You can remove the discomfort of fever by using a cool cloth.

G.Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better.

Ⅲ.完形填空

[2023·湖北武汉期末]Two years ago, Kiah Twisselman was working for the Kentucky Beef Council, when she reached the weight of 285 pounds. Kiah was responsible for their nutrition program, which meant     1     the health benefits of beef and it wasn't sitting well with her. She had to stand up in front of a group registered     2    , a group of influencers, and tell them about the nutritional benefits of beef, and it made her so     3    .

While on a flight to a work conference, Kiah read a book by motivational speaker Rachel Hollis. “That book was kind of my     4     call to me that if you want to change your life, it is 100 percent in your     5     and nobody else's,” said Kiah.

She started     6     Hollis on social media and decided to try her Five To Thrive plan, which     7     her to adopt five simple habits and commit to     8     them every day for 90 days.

Kiah started waking up earlier,     9    , began daily journaling, drank water according to the instruction and ate healthily. In just a few months, she lost 25 pounds, which     10     her to keep going,     11     when she hit a plateau（停滞期）. She set a new goal: to lose 100 pounds.

To     12     things up, Kiah started trying out harder workout videos. Unlike previously blaming herself for her failure, this time, she started from a place of     13    . “When I failed, I was more willing to     14     myself and say, ‘What can I learn from this?’”

Over the next year, Kiah lost 103 pounds and the physical transformation was so     15    !

1.

A. believing B. improving C. ensuring D. advocating

2.

A. nutritionists B. tourists C. farmers D. partners

3.

A. unfortunate B. successful C. uncomfortable D. appealing

4.

A. business B. wake-up C. first-aid D. conference

5.

A. favor B. diet C. control D. opinion

6.

A. following B. assisting C. blaming D. interviewing

7.

A. forbade B. qualified C. permitted D. advised

8.

A. overcoming B. practicing C. celebrating D. correcting

9.

A. watched out B. dashed out C. worked out D. spoke out

10.

A. forced B. fueled C. promised D. reminded

11.

A. thus B. yet C. merely D. even

12.

A. fix B. divide C. switch D. sum

13.

A. self-criticism B. self-love C. self-respect D. self-doubt

14.

A. save B. protect C. introduce D. forgive

15.

A. apparent B. awkward C. slight D. gradual

素养培优练（一）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

1. B

[解析]词义猜测题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，作者对这个地方非常不舍，离开的时候自然会感到“难过”。

2. C

[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，作者因害怕在这趟旅行中找不到童年时在那里的快乐而感到焦虑。

3. B

[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，作者认为走进Boscombe Chine Gardens时，所有的噪音都消失了，一种平和的感觉传遍了全身。所以，作者认为Boscombe Chine Gardens远离了城里的喧嚣。

4. D

[解析]主旨大意题。第一段引出Bournemouth是作者最喜欢的海滨小镇，第二至末段作者记述了和妻子重游该小镇的故事，即全文围绕重游小时候最爱的小镇展开。

【语篇导读】作者介绍了最喜欢的海滨小镇，记述了小时候和父母在此地的回忆，以及四十年后和妻子故地重游的心情。

5. D

[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段可知，输血不是简单地把一个人的血输给另外一个人，因为会出现排斥现象。所以，本段介绍了在输血过程中可能会出现的问题。

6. A

[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段第四句可知，实验室培育的红细胞寿命更长。

7. B

[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，实验室培育的红细胞成本昂贵，因此这种红细胞不能被大面积使用。

8. C

[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们使用干细胞在实验室培育出全新的红细胞以供人们输血使用的一项新实验。

【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了科学家们使用干细胞在实验室培育出全新的红细胞以供人们输血使用，但这项技术还有待进一步测试。

Ⅱ.七选五

1. B

[解析]上文提到prevent getting the flu，下文介绍了一些治疗流感的方法，B项“但是如果你得了流感，学会如何治疗是值得的”承上启下。

2. E

[解析]下文分别介绍了流感和感冒的症状，选项E项总领下文。

3. A

[解析]本段主要讲一些需要立刻到医院接受治疗的紧急情况，A项“知道何时需要寻求紧急医疗”概括本段内容。

4. C

[解析]上文提到感冒时需要休息，C项“给你的身体几天时间去恢复”承接上文。

5. G

[解析]上文指出在患流感期间要服用维生素C，而下文指出服用太多可能中毒。G项“在你感觉好些之后，不要继续服用过多维生素C”承上启下。

【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了一些应对流感的方法。

Ⅲ.完形填空

1. D

[解析]根据下文，Kiah要告诉别人牛肉的营养价值，这说明“提倡”牛肉对健康的好处是她的工作内容。

2. A

[解析]根据下文可知，体重达到285磅的Kiah的工作内容是要在一群有影响力的人的面前提倡牛肉的营养价值，可推断出此处的“一群有影响力的人”指的是在营养领域很专业的“营养学家”。

3. C

[解析]在营养学家面前谈牛肉的营养价值，这让体重高达285磅的Kiah很“不舒服”。

4. B

[解析]根据下文可知，Kiah开始了她的减肥之旅，这说明Rachel Hollis的书“唤醒”了她，给她的生活敲响了警钟，让她行动起来。

5. C

[解析]如果想改变，毫无疑问取决于自己，即百分之百由自己“掌控”。

6. A

[解析]根据下文可知，Kiah要尝试Hollis的计划，说明Kiah在社交媒体上关注了Hollis。

7. D

[解析]此处讲的是“五个茁壮成长”计划的内容，“建议”Kiah要养成五个习惯。

8. B

[解析]由下文Kiah成功减重可推知，她持续不断地实行了“五个茁壮成长”计划。

9. C

[解析]根据下文的“Kiah started trying out harder workout videos”可知，Kiah“锻炼”身体。

10. B

[解析]Kiah在几个月内成功减重25磅，这给了Kiah新的动力，“刺激”Kiah继续坚持下去，设立更高的目标。

11. D

[解析]Kiah在几个月内成功减重25磅，这给了她动力，甚至是在到达停滞期的时候，也继续坚持下去，用even表强调。

12. C

[解析]Kiah训练到达了停滞期，所以为了“改变”现状，Kiah尝试难度更大的训练视频。

13. B

[解析]Kiah以前因失败自责、不关爱自己。Unlike表相反的东西，这说明这次她选择以“自爱”为起点。

14. D

[解析]Kiah现在选择爱自己，所以当她失败的时候，她不再责备自己，而是“原谅”自己。

15. A

[解析]285磅的Kiah用一年的时间减了103磅，这种身体的变化是很“明显的”。

【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kiah Twisselman通过自己的努力，成功减肥的故事。