Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures 情态动词 课件

Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures Modal verbs表示说话人的语气没有人称和数的变化basic modal verbs 基本情态动词 can could may might must shall should will would Book 3 ought to need dareUnit 5Test yourself 测一测Coco, you _____play with the knife, you ____hurt yourself.won’t; can’t B. mustn’t ; may C. shouldn’t ; must D. can’t ; shouldn’t ---Will you stay for lunch ?---Sorry,_____. My brother is coming to see me .I mustn’t B. I can’t C. I needn’t D. I won’tTest yourself 测一测Are you coming to Jeff’s Party ?I’m not sure. I ____go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C. should D. might When he was there, he ____go to that coffee shop after work.A. would B. should C. had better D. might Modal verbs情态动词体现说话者的语气、情感和态度；本身具有各种含义，但不能单独做谓语，须和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，但有过去式。may / mightmust / have toshall / shouldwill / wouldought toneed / darecan / couldMindmap of the modal verbs modal verbsModal verbsA. necessity B. possibility C. obligation D. request E. advice F. intentionCan you give examples of each function? Find modal verbs in previous sections and discuss their functions.需要 可能 职责/义务要求 建议 意图Modal verbsExperience the functionscan & could _____you speak English ?Man _________live without air.Can cannot Can I smoke here ?Perhaps we can go out for a walk.I ’m afraid I can’t go with you.Can possibility指可能性Could 表示过去的能力 表示请求更加委婉He could swim when he was 5. Could you lend me some money ? can / could 与 be able to 的区别be able to 与can/could意义相同，但常用于强调通过努力后能做某事，而且可用于多种时态。考点The fire spread fast, but everyone in the hotel was able to get out.注意can 的惯用语On hearing the story , I cannot help laughing .You cannot be too careful with them.cannot help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cannot too “无论怎么样..也不为过,越…越好 may & might ① — May I watch TV after supper? — Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t.② They may / might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.③ If that is the case, you may / might as well try.①句中may表示______________________。 否定回答时，用________。(2) ②句中may和might表示_________，______可能性更小。(3) ③句中______________________________，意为“不妨”。允许或征询对方许可mustn’t可能性mightmay / might as well ＋ 动词原形考点1当句中出现” I am afraid, I am not sure” 等表示不确定含义的时候,常选用may 和might .I may go, but I am not quite sure.I am afraid he might not come to attend the meeting today.从语气上判断,may 所表示的可能性比might 大一点,而might 表示较多的怀疑.He may be very busy now. (可能性较大）．He might be very busy now. (可能性较小）． may 表示祝愿;但语气较正式: May you succeed! May you have a good journey! might 多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。 She said that he might take her bike. 考点2① Would you pass me the ball, please?② She said that she would try her best to help us.③ Each time his mother’s birthday came, he would buy her a present.④ We will do our best to save the child. ⑤ Oil will float on the water.(1) ①句中would表示____________，比will更委婉客气。(2) ②句中would和④句中的will表示__________________。(3) ③句中would和⑤句中的will表示_______________________。请求、建议意志、愿望和决心习惯性动作或客观真理will & would eg. I will tell you something important tomorrow. I will go swimming tomorrow. Will you marry me?  will情态动词？！（助动词） （情态动词）考点1Attention: would表示过去的习惯性动作时，暗示现在仍然如此；而used to表示过去常常做某事，强调现在不是这样了。Each time his mother’s birthday came, he would buy her a present.My father used to go to the office by bike when he was young.shall & should & ought to Shall 常用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或表决心．Shall we dance?Shall we go by train?I shall go at once.Shall 用于第二，第三人称中，表示说话人的意愿意志，给对方的警告或命令You shall fail if you don’t work hard. (警告）　He shall be punished. (威胁）用于法律，条约，规章，等文件中，无论主语人称如何一律用shall Each student shall arrive at school before 7:15 in the morning.Attention pleaseshould 劝告，建议，= ought to 期待，预测，用于表达合理的推断或明显的结果 义务，指应该做，且有道义上的责任．① All visitors should / ought to register with the British Embassy.② I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.(1) ①句中should表示“___________________”，其同义词是____________；在疑问句中，通常用_________代替ought to。(2) ②句中should 有时可用于某些从句中，表示说话人惊奇、失望等感情色彩，常译为“ ______________”。义务、责任、建议ought to竟然；怎么会shouldShould 表示惊讶，忧虑，惋惜，意思“竟然，竟会” 常用在I’m surprised, it’s a pity, you cannot imagine 等结构中．① I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me.② I must recite the text this morning.③ — Must we hand in our exercise books today? — Yes, you must. / No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.④ You mustn’t smoke here.⑤ Your mother must be waiting for you now.⑥ Why must you always interrupt me?(1) ①句中have to和②句中must均表示“______”，但______是指说话人的主观看法，而________则强调客观需要。(2) ③句中must 所构成的疑问句，回答的否定形式通常为__________________或________，意为“不必要”，而一般不说____________ (④句中mustn’t表示“禁止”)。(3) ______句中must 常表示有根据的、比较确定的推测（只用于肯定的陈述句），译为“一定；必定”。(4) ⑥句中must表示“____________”。must & have to必须musthave toneedn’tdon’t have tomustn’t⑤偏要；偏偏① If he dare go, I’ll go with him.② Tom didn’t dare to do it.(1) dare作情态动词时，表示“ __________”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，后接动词原形，否定形式为_________。(2) dare常用作_________ ，有________________的变化，后面可接________________ 。(3) dare 作为实义动词，有如下搭配： dare to do sth 敢于做某事 dare sb to do sth 激某人做某事 dare & need & had better敢； 敢于dare not实义动词时态、人称和数带to的不定式need与dare用法对比need dare1.情态动词+V *疑问式 *否定式He need not (needn’t) go.Need we do it again?No, you needn’t do it again.Dare she go out alone at night?How dare you say I am unfair?He dare not say so.2.need/dare+ to do *肯定式 *否定式 *疑问式He needs to go.He doesn’t need to go.Does he need to do it again?He dares to say.He does not dare (to) say.If you dare to jump into the water from here, so dare I.① You had better get some sleep.② You had better not talk with strangers. had better表示“____________”，使用时常缩写为____________，无人称和数的变化，其否定式一般把not放在had better之______。had better最好……’d better后