高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world示范课课件ppt

Ⅰ.匹配词义

(　　)1.factor 　　　 　 A．符号；象征

(　　)2.system B．王朝；朝代

(　　)3.vocabulary   C．one of several things that

 cause or influence sth.

(　　)4.calligraphy D．all the words in a

 particular language

(　　)5.dynasty   E．体系；制度；系统

(　　)6.carve   F．书法；书法艺术

(　　)7.symbol   G．雕刻

(　　)8.gap   H．间隔；开口；差距

(　　)9.point of view   I．the mixture of good and bad things in life

 or in a particular situation or relationship

(　　)10.ups and downs   J．观点，看法

[答案]　1－5　CEDFB  　6－10　GAHJI

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．despite prep.即使；尽管

2．attitude n．态度；看法

3．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究

4．means n．方式；方法；途径

5．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点

6．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值

7．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的

8．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待

9．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的

10．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗

Ⅰ.语境填空

1．There are huge gaps in my knowledge of history，especially the European history.

2．Chinese characters are just meaningless symbols to most of the foreigners.

3．It is required that what you will write should be related to everyday life.

4．Since you are interested in Chinese classic novels，I think this book is well worth reading.

5．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.

6．The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people.

7．The two towns are similar in size but very different in character.

8．The floor is made up of the bricks carved with calligraphy.

9．You have to change your wrong attitude to personal health now.

10．When I graduate from high school，I want to major in literature at university.

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．His story is based(base)  on his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University.

2．Students must be encouraged to do their homework using reference (refer) books.

3．A variety(vary) of food is sold at a supermarket.

4．What are the effects of global(globe) warming on the climate?

5．The majority(major)of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.

6．All expenses are to be equally(equal) divided among them.

7．Light industry is closely related(relate)to agriculture.

8．It is a demanding(demand)role and she needs to work hard at it.

9．The park is beautiful beyond description(describe)．

10．I wish to express my appreciation(appreciate) for your kindness.

1．China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.

尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰，但一直延续至今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。

2．Written Chinese has also become an important means by which  China's present is connected with its past.

书写汉语也成为联系中国现在与过去的一种重要形式。

3．As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.

随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。

4．When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video，I can catch only a few words.I can never quite get the main idea.

当我听到录音中以英语为母语的人在讲话时，我只能听懂几个词。我从来就没能完全搞懂过大意。

5．If I'm talking to a close friend，I can use short requests，like“Open the window”—our relationship is close and we're equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.

如果我在和一个亲密的朋友讲话，我可以使用很短的请求语，如“开一下窗户”——我们的关系很亲近，并且我们是平等的，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的距离。

词语助读

①connect/kə'nekt/v.连接

connect A to/with/and B把A与B连接起来

②widely/'waIdlI/adv.广泛地

③be known for(＝be famous for)因……而闻名

be known/famous as...作为……而闻名

④civilisation/ˌsIvəlaI'zeIʃn/n.文明；文明世界

civilise v．教化，开化；使文明

civilised adj.文明的

⑤all the way through一直以来，自始至终

⑥despite/dI'spaIt/prep.即使；尽管(＝in spite of...)

⑦ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱

⑧factor/'fæktə(r)/n.因素；要素

⑨base/beIs/vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据

based/beIst/adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的

picture­based adj.以图画为基础的

⑩date back(to...)追溯到

⑪bone/bəʊn/n.骨头；骨(质)

⑫shell/ʃel/n.壳；壳状物

⑬symbol/'sImbl/n.符号；象征

symbolic adj.象征性的

symbolise v．象征，代表

⑭carve/kɑːv/vt.& vi.雕刻

⑮dynasty/'dInəsti/n.王朝；朝代

⑯well­developed adj.健全的；发展良好的

⑰develop into发展成……

⑱divide/dI'vaId/v.(使)分开，分割，分成……

divide sth.into...把某物分成……

⑲geographically/ˌdʒiːə'græfIklI/adv.地理上地

geographical/ˌdʒiːə'græfIkəl/adj.地理的

geography/dʒI'ɒgrəfI/n.地理(学)；地形

⑳variety/və'raIəti/n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化；(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样

a variety of＝varieties of＝various多种多样的

dialect/'daIəlekt/n.地方话；方言

character/'kærəktə(r)/n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点

Chinese character汉字

emperor/'empərə(r)/n.皇帝

unite/juː'naIt/v.统一；联合，团结

united adj.联合的，统一的；团结的

major/'meIdʒə(r)/adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究major in主修……

unify/'juːnIfaI/v.统一；(使)成一体

in one direction朝着一个方向

be of great importance＝be very important非常重要

means/miːnz/n.方式；方法；途径(pl.means)

by means of...用……手段

classic/'klæsIk/adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的

n．经典作品；名著

classical adj.经典的；古典的；传统的

work/wɜːk/ n．[C]著作，作品

classic works经典作品

regard/rI'gɑːd/n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待

calligraphy/kə'lIgrəfi/n.书法；书法艺术

play a．..role in在……中扮演……角色(role可换为part)

global affairs全球事务

global/'gləʊbl/adj.全球的；全世界的

affair/ə'feə(r)/n.公共事务；事件；关系

appreciate/ə'priːʃieIt/vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会

vi.增值

appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢

amazing/ə'meIzIŋ/adj.惊人的；令人惊喜的

amazed adj.大为惊奇的

人物小传

秦始皇(公元前259年—公元前210年)，嬴姓，赵氏，名政，是中国历史上著名的政治家、战略家、改革家，是完成华夏大一统的铁腕政治人物，也是中国第一个称皇帝的君主。秦始皇建立了一个以汉族为主体的统一的中央集权的强大国家——秦朝。

原文呈现

THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：

CONNECTING①THE PAST AND THE PRESENT

China is widely② known for③ its ancient civilisation④ which has continued all the way through⑤ into modern times，despite⑥ the many ups and downs⑦ in its history[1]．There are many reasons why this has been possible[2]，but one of the main factors⑧ has been the Chinese writing system.

[1]which引导的定语从句修饰先行词its ancient civilisation。

[2]关系副词why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reasons，同时why在从句中作原因状语。

At the beginning,  written  Chinese was  a picture­based⑨ language.It dates back several thousand years to⑩ the use of longgu—animal bones⑪ and shells⑫ on which symbols⑬ were carved⑭ by ancient Chinese people[3]．Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.

[3]“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词animal bones and shells。which指代animal bones and shells。

By the Shang Dynasty⑮(around 1600－1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well­developed⑯ writing system.Over the years，the system developed into⑰ different forms，as it was a time when people were divided⑱ geographically⑲，leading to many varieties⑳ of dialects and characters [4]．This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty(221－207 BCE)．

[4]as引导原因状语从句，该从句中包含一个“it is/was a time when...”句型，意为“这是一个……的时代/时刻”，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time。v.­ing短语leading to...characters作结果状语。

Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction [5]．That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak[6]，they can all still communicate in writing.

[5]where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one unified country，where在从句中作地点状语。

[6]“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句，what前省略了no matter。

Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past[7]．People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.[8]

[7]“介词by＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句修饰先行词an important means。

[8]该句是一个较复杂的主从复合句。The high regard是主语；介词短语for...system修饰主语。关系代词which引导的定语从句修饰先行词an art form。

Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role inglobal affairs[9]，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.

[9]As在此引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”。

译文参考

汉字书写体系：

连接过去与现在

尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰，但一直延续至今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。这其中有很多原因，不过一个主要因素就是汉字的书写体系。

起初，书写汉语是一种基于图画的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人民将符号刻在动物骨头和壳上。有些古代的符号在今天的汉字中仍可见到。

到商朝的时候(约公元前1600—公元前1046年)，这些符号已经形成一个高度发达的书写体系。随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。不过，秦朝(公元前221—公元前207年)秦始皇统治时期，这一现象有所改变。

秦始皇统一七国，中国的书写体系由此开始朝同一个方向发展。该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化都具有重要意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。

书写汉语也成为联系中国现在与过去的一种重要形式。现代人能阅读古代中国人创作的经典作品。中国人对中国书写体系的高度重视体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被熟知为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。

今天，汉字书写体系仍是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。