英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement导学案

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement导学案，文件包含Part2docx、Part1docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共119页， 欢迎下载使用。

Part 2　Using Language,Assessing Your Progress,Video Time


1.主题语境:人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物。
2.语篇类型:人物传记。
3.课文内容分析:
本文简要叙述了著名科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的一生,是一篇以青少年为目标读者的人物传记。先简要说明爱因斯坦的杰出成就和突出贡献,然后按时间顺序叙述了爱因斯坦的生平,最后着墨于爱因斯坦作为普通人的一面。阅读本文,有利于培养学生树立正确的人生观、价值观,并懂得普通人如果拥有梦想,坚持不懈地努力,脚踏实地地做好每件事,在自己平凡的岗位上为社会作出贡献,也能有其伟大之处。


答案:1.Introduction　2.Education background　3.Work and research　4.odd look and three anecdotes　5.death


1.While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.(教材第8页)
工作期间,出于强烈的求知欲,他仍继续学习,于1905年获得物理学博士学位。
◆passion n.酷爱;激情;盛怒
He delivered a speech with great passion.
他满怀激情地发表了讲话。
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough.(2020江苏卷,完形填空)
仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。
It was frightening how strong he could be when he was in a passion.
当他发怒时情绪会如此强烈,真是吓人。
His father got into a passion because the boy broke the expensive vase.
因为那个男孩打碎了昂贵的花瓶,他的父亲勃然大怒。
[备用例句]
He is very passionate about the project.
他对那个项目非常热心。



单句语法填空
①Politicians are usually 　　　　(passion)about politics. 
②My grandma has a passion 　　　　 gardening. 
③All we need to do is to live each day 　　　　 passion. 
完成句子
④他酷爱英国文学。
He 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 British literature. 
答案:①passionate　②for　③with　④has a passion for
2.Circumstances changed in 1933,when Hitler came to power in Germany.(教材第8页)
1933年,希特勒在德国上台,形势发生了变化。
◆come to power (开始)掌权;上台
He promised that once he came to power,he would set out to improve the living conditions.
他承诺说一旦他掌权,他就会着手改善生活条件。
The party has been in power for four years.
这个政党已经执政4年了。
You’re a powerful man—people will listen to you.
你是一个有影响力的人,人们将会听你的。
[备用例句]
①As is known to us,knowledge is power.
众所周知,知识就是力量。
②He has been in power for eight years.
他掌权已有8年了。



come to power表示动作,be in power表示状态,所以come to power不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,而be in power可以。

单句语法填空
①China is a country where the people are 　　　　 power. 
②It’s out 　　　　 my power to understand how the computer works. 
③Before he came 　　　　 power,he had once been in prison for years. 
④At that moment the host’s 　　　　 (power) voice interrupted them,announcing a visitor. 
答案:①in　②of　③to/into　④powerful
3.As a consequence,he had to flee Germany.(教材第8页)
因此,他不得不逃离德国。
(1)consequence n.结果;后果
I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter the consequences.(2020全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
我不知道父母是否应该一直不计后果地讲真话。
He was ill as a consequence of overwork.
他因过度劳累而生病了。
[备用例句]
She was over the age limit and,in consequence,her application was rejected.
她超龄了,结果她的申请被拒绝了。



单句语法填空
①If climate changes continue,we will suffer the 　　　　(consequence). 
②I regret to tell you that he died as a consequence 　　　　 his serious injuries. 
句型转换
③It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was cancelled.
→It rained yesterday and 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the match was cancelled. 
④The city was in ruins as a result of a severe earthquake.
→The city was in ruins 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a severe earthquake. 
答案:①consequences　②of　③as a consequence/result　④in consequence of
(2)flee vi.& vt.(fled,fled) 迅速离开;逃跑
She burst into tears and fled.
她突然哭了起来,跑开了。
He fled to London after an argument with his family.
他与家人争吵以后离家去了伦敦。
[备用例句]
①She turned round and fled from the terrible sight.
她转过身去,避开了这惨不忍睹的场面。
②All the teachers and students were managed to flee out when the earthquake happened.
地震发生时所有的老师和学生都成功逃出去了。



单句语法填空
①He tried to flee 　　　　 the bordering country when the war broke out. 
②He spent six months in prison before 　　　　 (flee) from his country. 
完成句子
③小偷在警察来之前四处逃窜。
The thieves 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 before the police came. 
答案:①to/into　②fleeing　③fled in all directions/every direction
4.After spending time in Europe,he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA.(教材第8页)
在欧洲度过一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。
◆take up a position 担任;任职
He has taken up an important position in this company.
他在这家公司担任要职。
[备用例句]
We took off at 11:00 am and arrived in Venice at 1:30 pm.
我们在上午11点起飞,下午1:30到达威尼斯。





写出下列各句中take up的含义
①That sofa takes up too much room in the flat.　　　　　　　 
②My father is not one to take up readily with new ideas.　　　　　　　 
③At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.　　　　　　　 
完成句子
④记者们用速记法记下讲话的内容。
The reporters 　　　　 　　　　 the speech in shorthand. 
答案:①占据　②接受　③开始从事　④took down
5.Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.(教材第9页)
用你的笔记来写一个介绍,并总结你对这个人的看法。
◆sum up 总结;概括
Will you please sum up the main idea of this article?
请你总结一下这篇文章的大意好吗?
He is saving a sum of money to buy a house for his family.
他正在积攒一笔钱以便买一所房子供全家居住。
[备用例句]
①There are many reasons,which can be summed up in three points.
原因很多,归结起来不外三点。
②In sum,theory should be combined with practice.
总之,理论必须同实践相结合。



单句语法填空
①They presented a sum 　　　　 money to the college in memory of their son. 
②　　　　 sum,university students should not waste their time and energy doing business. 
③Many people spoke at the meeting,and finally the chairman 　　　　 (sum) up the discussion. 
翻译句子
④你能否总结本课的要点?
 
答案:①of　②In　③summed　④Could you sum up the main points of the lesson?

1.He made numerous contributions to the world,the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.(教材第8页)
他为世界作出了无数的贡献,最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E=mc2。
◆“the most well-known being the general theory”为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。在“逻辑主语+现在分词”这种结构中,现在分词表示的动作与其逻辑主语是主动关系。该结构在句中常作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语和方式状语等。
The audience being present,the concert began.
观众到场后,音乐会开始了。(时间状语)
Many experts being present,I felt very nervous.
由于有很多专家出席,我感到很紧张。(原因状语)
[备用例句]
①Weather permitting,I’ll go to the park tomorrow.
天气允许的话,我明天会去公园。(条件状语)
②There being no one else to turn to,I had to come to you.
我没有其他可以求助的人,只能来找你。(原因状语)




①独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
②独立主格结构中的名词或代词与后面的动词-ing形式、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。
③在“名词+介词短语”的独立主格结构中,逻辑主语有无修饰语与介词短语中名词前有无修饰语必须保持一致。
The teacher came in,(a) bag under (his) arm.
老师进来了,腋下夹着一个包。


完成句子
①He was listening attentively in class,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(眼睛紧盯着) at the blackboard. 
②Many trees,flowers,and grass 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(种上后),our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 
答案:①his eyes fixed　②to be planted
2.He had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.(教材第8页)
他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
◆句中as though “好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句,相当于as if引导方式状语从句。
Look at the clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to rain.Let’s hurry up.
看看天上的云彩!看起来要下雨了。咱们快一点。
He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
It looks as if she were an angel.
她看上去像一位天使。



当从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语又包含动词be时,从句主语和谓语中的动词be通常可以省略。

完成句子
①她对待这个孤儿就好像他是自己的亲儿子一样。
She treats the orphan as if/though 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 
②那个小孩跟我们讲话时就像个成年人一样。
The child talks to us as if 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. 
③他讲起罗马的情况来就好像他亲自到过那里似的。
He talked about Rome as if 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 himself. 
句型转换
④He shook his head as if he was to say “Don’t trust her”.
→He shook his head as if 　　　　 　　　　 “Don’t trust her”. 
答案:①he were her own son　②he were an adult　③he had been there　④to say

On 18 April 1955,it was reported that Einstein had passed away,and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.(教材第9页)
1955年4月18日,噩耗传来,爱因斯坦与世长辞,全世界都哀悼一代科学巨星的陨落。
◆本句是一个and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中,it是形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It was reported that...意为“据报道……”。

单句情境写作
1.2005年4月20日,据报道,超过17万人在这次海啸中丧生,南亚和东南亚的大部分地区被毁。
 
 
2.上周据宣布,科学家们已经将计算机科学引入这个问题,一个新的时代开始了。
 
 
3.昨天,据报道我们队赢得了冠军,我们的父母非常高兴。
 
 
答案:1.On 20 April 2005,it was reported that more than 170 thousand people had died in the tsunami,and large parts of South and Southeast Asia were destroyed.
2.Last week,it was announced that scientists had brought computer science to this problem,and a new era began.
3.Yesterday,it was reported that our team had won the championship,and our parents were so overjoyed.

Apart from his remarkable achievements,what does the passage tell us about Einstein’s life? (教材第9页)
除了他卓越的成就,关于爱因斯坦的生活,这篇文章告诉了我们什么?
◆remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的
He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness.
他在整个生病期间表现出非凡的忍耐力。
The area is remarkable for its scenery.
这一地区以风景著称。

[备用例句]
①This kind of watermelon is remarkable for its size.
这种西瓜以个头儿大著称。
②I wouldn’t like some of them to make a remark on my private affairs.
我不想让他们中的一些人议论我的私事。



单句语法填空
①It’s that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a 　　　　 (remark) character. 
②He made a number of rude 　　　　 (remark) about the brilliant young musician’s performance. 
③It’s rude to make 　　　　 remark on the appearance of other people. 
答案:①remarkable　②remarks　③a


Introduce someone you admire

1.文本类型:介绍你钦佩的一个人,属于记叙文范畴。
2.要点内容:在介绍你钦佩的一个人时,要重点突出人物的三个方面,即:人物生平介绍、事迹叙述和简短的人物评价。生平介绍往往包括该人物的出生日期、出生地、家庭背景、教育背景。事迹叙述也是人物写作的重要部分,主要是写人物作出的贡献或者取得的成就。人物评价是对所描述的人物进行评价,评价须客观公正。



1.介绍人物的爱好特长。
be good at/do well in/be expert in/have a talent for/have a gift for/be qualified for/be fit for/have a good knowledge/command/of/with a great passion for ...
2.对人物的评价。
set a good example to us/a model teacher/worker/is respected by all/think highly of .../be honoured as
3.常用描写人物的形容词。
determined (坚决的)/warm-hearted(热心肠的)/easy-going(随和的)/energetic(精力充沛的)/generous(慷慨的)/intelligent(聪明的)/ambitious(有雄心的)/humourous(幽默的)/diligent (勤奋的)/attractive (有吸引力的)/patient (耐心的)/strict (严格的)/considerate(考虑周到的)/outstanding (杰出的)/optimistic(乐观的)/enthusiastic(热情的)/bad-tempered(脾气不好的)/reliable(可信赖的)/confident(自信的)/respectable(值得尊重的)
4.介绍人物常用句型。
●精彩首段
My favourite teacher is...a responsible teacher with over 20 years’ teaching experience.
我最喜欢的老师是……一位有20多年的教学经验,有责任心的老师。
Abraham Lincoln,the son of a poor family,was born in Kentucky on February 12,1809.
亚伯拉罕·林肯,一个贫苦家庭的儿子,于1809年2月12日生于肯塔基州。
She is an ordinary-looking girl,but her kindness and consideration impress me most.
她是一个相貌平平的女孩,但她的善良和体贴给我留下了最深刻的印象。
Born in Shanghai in 1980,Yao Ming is considered/honoured as one of the most outstanding basketball players in the world.
姚明1980年出生于上海,被认为是世界上最杰出的篮球运动员之一。
●正文描述
During her career life,she obtained 132 championships,including 4 Olympic championships.
在她的职业生涯中,她获得了132个冠军,包括4个奥运冠军。
When he was still a boy,he showed great interest in literature.
当他还是个孩子的时候,他对文学表现出了极大的兴趣。
Being optimistic and energetic,he often takes an active part in after-class activities.
他性格乐观,精力充沛,经常积极参加课外活动。
He went to college,during which he showed great interest in folk music.
他上了大学,在大学期间他对民间音乐表现出极大的兴趣。
Not only is he gifted at English but also he has a good command of French.
他不仅擅长英语,而且法语也很好。
●精彩结尾
He set a new world record in the competition,for which everyone thinks highly of him.
他在比赛中创造了一项新的世界纪录,为此每个人都对他评价很高。
He is still widely remembered for his skill,his kindness,and his deep love for his country.
他仍然以他的技能、善良和对祖国的热爱而被广泛铭记。
We regard him as our model.
我们把他作为我们的榜样。

　　请根据下面的提示写一篇英语短文,介绍你所崇拜的一位人物。主要包括以下内容:

姓名
李时珍
出生年份
1518年
著作
《本草纲目》(Compendium of Materia Medica)
内容
中草药总集,涵盖约1 892种中草药,上百万字
评价
对我国医学发展作出了重大贡献。受人们尊敬

　　注意:
　　1.写作词数应为80左右;
　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。



Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 adj.至关重要的;关键性的 
2.　　　　　　　　 adj.植物学的 
3.　　　　　　　　 vt.评价;评估 
4.　　　　　　　　 n.性质;特征;财产 
5.　　　　　　　　 vt.分析 
6.　　　　　　　　 adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的 
答案:1.crucial　2.botanical　3.evaluate
4.property　5.analyse　6.extraordinary
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
翻译句子
1.李时珍是我最钦佩的人。他是明朝最杰出的医学家之一。





2.从很小的时候,他就对植物学表现出了非凡的兴趣,对中草药有着极大的热情。





3.他走群山、访百姓,评估众多草药,分析它们的药学属性。





4.他花了27年的时间完成了《本草纲目》。





5.这本书是一本重要的中草药集。






6.该书包括约1 892种中草药,上百万字,被认为是对中医药发展的巨大贡献。





7.他作出了如此巨大的贡献,值得所有中国人尊敬。





答案:1.Li Shizhen is the person I admire most.He was one of the most remarkable medical scientists in Ming Dynasty.
2.From an early age,he showed an extraordinary botanical interest and had a passion for Chinese herbs.
3.He visited mountains,called on ordinary people,evaluated numerous herbs and analysed their medical properties.
4.It took him 27 years to finish Compendium of Materia Medica.
5.The book is a crucial collection of Chinese herbs.
6.The book includes about 1,892 kinds of Chinese herbs with millions of characters and it is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
7.He has made so great contributions that he deserves the respect of all the Chinese.

1.用定语从句升级第1句。


2.用同位语从句升级第4句和第5句,使之简洁。


3.用现在分词作状语升级第6句。





4.用介词短语Due to作状语升级第7句。




答案:1.Li Shizhen is the person I admire most,who was one of the most remarkable medical scientists in Ming Dynasty.
2.It took him 27 years to finish Compendium of Materia Medica,a crucial collection of Chinese herbs.
3.Including about 1,892 kinds of Chinese herbs with millions of characters,the book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
4.Due to his great contributions,he deserves the respect of all the Chinese.

Li Shizhen is the person I admire most,who was one of the most remarkable medical scientists in Ming Dynasty.
Li Shizhen was born in 1518.From an early age,he showed an extraordinary botanical interest and had a passion for Chinese herbs.He visited mountains,called on ordinary people,evaluated numerous herbs and analysed their medical properties.It took him 27 years to finish Compendium of Materia Medica,a crucial collection of Chinese herbs.Including about 1,892 kinds of Chinese herbs with millions of characters,the book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
Due to his great contributions,he deserves the respect of all the Chinese.


请根据下面的提示写一篇英语短文,介绍你所崇拜的一位人物:著名音乐家弗雷德里克·弗朗索瓦·肖邦(Frederic Francois Chopin)。短文主要包括以下内容:

生卒年份
1810～1849
生平简介
1.6岁学习音乐,7岁作曲,8岁公开演出,20岁已是颇有名气的作曲家
2.21岁移居巴黎,以作曲和教学为生
成就及
评价
1.一生创作了约二百部作品
2.被誉为“钢琴诗人”
　　注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。


　　One possible version:
The Great Composer Chopin
Of all the people I know,I admire Frederic Francois Chopin most.Born in 1810,he was one of the greatest composers of all time.
Chopin’s talent for music showed at an early age.He learnt music at six,composed music at seven,and even gave public concerts at eight.By the time he was 20,the young musician had become a well-known composer.The following year Chopin moved to Paris,where he spent the rest of his life,earning a living as a composer and teacher.
Chopin,who has been called “the poet of the piano”,composed about 200 pieces of music or so throughout his life.As a great composer,he will be remembered by people forever.


课时作业(二)　UNIT 1　Part 2

Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Einstein was one of the leading 　　　　(figure) in modern science. 
2.You are brave and 　　　　(courage),and you can make it. 
3.He 　　　　(gradual) lost his sight because of his illness. 
4.Many species have died out as 　　　　 consequence of human activities. 
5.He took his wife 　　　　(gentle) by the arm and led her to a chair. 
6.The little girl has a great passion 　　　　 collecting stamps. 
7.He left to take 　　　　 a new position in another company. 
8.I wish to thank Professor Smith,without 　　　　 help I wouldn’t have made such rapid progress. 
9.Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of 　　　　 was very reasonable. 
10.We shouldn’t have spent our money testing so many people,most of 　　　　 are healthy. 
答案:1.figures　2.courageous　3.gradually
4.a　5.gently　6.for　7.up　8.whose　9.which　10.whom
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.综上所述,基于我刚才给出的理由,我认为我的计划更好。(sum up)




2.但他是在困难和复杂的情况下掌权的。(come to power)




3.他在一次事故中受了伤。结果,他只好待在家里。(as a consequence)




4.这位老人酷爱在湖边钓鱼。(have a passion for)




5.他在邮局担任要职。(take up a position)





6.他表现得像个孩子一样。(as if)




7.据报道,该产品已投入使用。(it is reported that)




答案:1.To sum up,for the reasons I have just given,I think my plan is better.
2.But he came to power under difficult and complex circumstances.
3.He was injured in an accident.As a consequence,he had to stay at home.
4.The old man has a passion for fishing by the lake.
5.He takes up an important position in the post office.
6.He acts as if he were a child.
7.It is reported that the production has been put into use.


阅读
A
　　Frank Woolworth was born in Rodman,New York,in 1852.His family were very poor farmers,and there was never enough to eat.Frank decided not to be a farmer.He took a short business course,and went to work as a salesman in a large city.
Woolworth realised he had a natural skill for showing goods to attract people’s interest,but he soon learnt something more important.One day his boss told him to sell some odds and ends (小商品) for as much as he could get.Frank put all these things on one table with a sign which said“five cents each”.People fought and pushed to buy the things and the table was soon cleared.
Soon afterwards,Woolworth opened his own store,selling goods at five and ten cents.But he had another lesson to learn before he became successful.That is,if you want to make money by selling low-price goods,you have to buy them in large quantities directly from the factories.Once,for example,Woolworth went to Germany and placed an order (订单) for knives.The order was so large that the factory had to keep running 24 hours a day for a whole year.In this way,the price of the knives was cut down by half.
By 1919,Woolworth had over 1,000 stores in the US and Canada,and opened his first store in London.He made many millions and his name became famous throughout the world.He always ran his business according to strict rules.The most important one was:“The customer is always right.”
1.Frank took a short business course in order to 　　　. 
A.earn more money for his family
B.learn something from a salesman
C.get away from the farm
D.get enough to eat
2.Frank sold the odds and ends quickly because 　　　. 
A.he knew how to get people to buy his goods
B.he cut down the price by half
C.he had put the goods on a table in a very nice way
D.the sign he put on the table was well designed
3.The price of the knives was cut down by half because 　　　. 
A.the factory workers worked 24 hours a day
B.knives were ordered in large quantities directly from the factory
C.the knives were made in Germany,where labour was cheap
D.the knives were produced in one factory
4.The sentence “The customer is always right” in the last paragraph suggests that 　　　. 
A.whenever there is a quarrel between the customer and shop assistant,the customer is always right
B.if you want to succeed,the rule is the only way
C.stores must always follow the customers’ orders if they want to make more money
D.stores should do their best to meet the customers’ needs if they want to be successful
语篇导读:本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要向我们介绍弗兰克·伍尔沃思商业理念以及他是怎么取得商业上的成功的。阅读本文有利于培养学生的辩证思维和追求梦想的品质。
答案及剖析:
1.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。由第一段中的最后两句可知,伍尔沃思是为了离开农场,不当农民,才参加了一个短期的商业课程。故选C。
2.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。由第二段中的第一句可知,伍尔沃思有一种展示商品以吸引人们兴趣的天赋,即他知道怎么让人们购买他的东西,所以他很快就把那些小商品卖掉了。故选A。
3.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。由第三段可知,如果你想通过销售低价商品来赚钱,你必须直接从工厂大量购买。例如,有一次,伍尔沃思去了德国并下了刀具订单。此订单太大了,以至于工厂不得不一整年24小时不间断地运转。这样,刀的价格就降了一半。故选B。
4.D　句意猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测句子含义的能力。通读全文可知,因为伍尔沃思知道怎么让人们购买他的东西,所以他很快就把零碎的东西卖掉了,说明他知道顾客的需求是什么。最后他成功了,结合最后一段中的最后两句可得出“The customer is always right”意为“顾客永远是对的”,也就是说,商店要想成功,就应该尽力满足顾客的需要。故选D。
B
　　A mother has taken her celebration (颂扬) of great women in history to the next level—by dressing her baby daughter up as some of the most famous women of all time.Jenelle Wexler,a hair stylist from Chicago,the USA,came up with the idea when she noticed similarities in appearance between her four-month-old baby,Liberty,and a Mexican artist Frida Kahlo.
Wexler took photos of Liberty who was dressed up as the Mexican artist.And after that,Wexler wanted to go on with what she did.“The pictures came out wonderfully,and soon after that,I thought about other women in history that contributed to the benefit of women and people as a whole,”she says.

Wexler takes the photos with her phone.Up until now,she has dressed Liberty up as a series of famous women.
Once she decides which woman she would like Liberty to play,she researches the person and learns about some of the historic achievements this woman has made.Wexler checks photos of each woman,which she then uses to design clothing and setting that will show their character and achievements.
It takes Wexler around 20 minutes to take each photo,and for every dress-up activity,Wexler usually takes nearly 50 pictures in total.“Liberty has acted 34 women of influence,”she says.She just wants to draw people’s attention to those who should really be admired in our society—there are so many great women who need to be remembered and have their stories told.
5.What made Wexler dress Liberty up as Frida Kahlo?
A.Frida Kahlo is popular among women.
B.Wexler admires Frida Kahlo very much.
C.Liberty and Frida Kahlo looked like each other.
D.Wexler wanted Liberty to be an artist like Frida Kahlo.
6.What does the author want to do in Paragraph 4?
A.Show how the dress-up activity goes on.
B.Offer some suggestions on picture-taking.
C.Value women’s contributions to the world.
D.Introduce some research on famous women.
7.What do we know about Wexler?
A.She enjoys taking photos to record life.
B.She devotes all her time to her daughter.
C.She works hard to protect the rights of women.
D.She puts lots of effort into the dress-up activity.
8.Why does Wexler dress her daughter up?
A.To introduce some excellent women.
B.To advise people to take pictures of kids.
C.To call on people to remember famous women.
D.To choose proper role models for young people.
语篇导读:本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了发型师Jenelle Wexler为了让人们知道有许多伟大的女性需要被铭记,把自己的孩子Liberty化妆成历史上有影响力的女性。阅读本文有利于培养学生积极向上的品质,并力争成为一个对社会进步有贡献的人。
答案及剖析:
5.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段最后一句可知,因为Liberty和墨西哥艺术家 Frida Kahlo的相似,作为妈妈的Jenelle Wexler决定把自己的孩子Liberty打扮成Frida Kahlo。故选C。
6.A　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第四段内容可以推知,本段主要说明Wexler给Liberty做化妆人物的过程。故选A。
7.D　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第四段内容和最后一段的第一句可以推知,对于化妆活动,Wexler投入了很多的努力。故选D。
8.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段可知,她把自己的孩子Liberty化妆成那些有影响力的女性,是为了让人们知道有许多伟大的女性需要被铭记,号召人们记住著名的女性。故选C。

核心素养提升(UNIT 1)
(时间:120分钟　满分:150分)

高考主播音频
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where did the woman go last night?(　C　)
A.To her office.
B.To a cinema.
C.To Betty’s house.
2.Why did the man return early?(　A　)
A.Because his mother didn’t feel well.
B.Because he hadn’t planned the trip well.
C.Because he was ill during his trip.
3.What does the man ask the woman to buy?(　B　)
A.Bread and eggs.
B.Eggs and orange juice.
C.Apples and bread.
4.What is the woman doing?(　C　)
A.Checking in.
B.Doing cleaning.
C.Making a complaint.
5.How can the man get phone numbers when he is in New York?(　C　)
A.By phoning 114.
B.By asking his father.
C.By referring to the local phone book.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Who does the woman think should do the decorating?(　C　)
A.Klara and Antonio.
B.Professionals.
C.The man.
7.What does the man think of professionals?(　B　)
A.They cost too much.
B.They are efficient.
C.They can stand the mess.
　　听第7段材料,回答第8～10题。
8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(　A　)
A.Colleagues.
B.Clerk and client.
C.Doctor and patient.
9.When will Mr.Sharpe’s daughter have an operation?(　C　)
A.This afternoon.
B.Tomorrow morning.
C.Tomorrow afternoon.
10.What does the woman suggest the man do?(　B　)
A.Visit Mr.Sharpe’s daughter in the hospital.
B.Finish the meeting with Mr.Sharpe earlier.
C.Ask Mr.Sharpe if he needs any help.
　　听第8段材料,回答第11～13题。
11.What is people’s third top fear?(　C　)
A.Death.
B.Divorce.
C.Giving a presentation.
12.How did the woman in the front row feel about the man’s words?(　B　)
A.Pleased.
B.Angry.
C.Embarrassed.
13.What did the man think caused the trouble?(　B　)
A.He didn’t provide good products.
B.He didn’t know about American culture.
C.He didn’t have a correct attitude toward women.
　　听第9段材料,回答第14～16题。
14.What is in the family room?(　A　)
A.A TV set and a VCR.
B.A microwave and a fridge.
C.A DVD player and a stove.
15.Who cuts the grass once a week?(　A　)
A.Mr.Jones. B.Mrs.Jones. C.The man.
16.When is the house available?(　B　)
A.From the beginning of June.
B.From the middle of June.
C.From the end of June.
　　听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
17.When was the survey published?(　A　)
A.Yesterday.
B.The day before yesterday.
C.Last week.
18.On what are the prices based in the survey?(　C　)
A.Wages in different jobs.
B.Living expenses in capitals.
C.The cost of the same basket of shopping.
19.Which country has the highest price according to the survey?(　A　)
A.Denmark.
B.Sweden.
C.France.
20.What do we know about Poland?(　A　)
A.It has lower wages.
B.It is a Scandinavian country.
C.The standard of living there is high.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
M:Did you go to the movies last night?
W:I had planned to go there after work,but Betty insisted on inviting me to her place.
(Text 2)
W:Peter,why did you get back from Japan so early?Your vacation ends next Wednesday.
M:Yes,it’s a pity.I had planned to stay a little longer,but my mother fell ill suddenly.
(Text 3)
W:Do you need anything from the grocery store?
M:Yes,please.A bottle of orange juice and some apples.
W:Anything else?Do we need bread?
M:No,but can you get some eggs as well?
(Text 4)
M:Hello,reception,can I help you?
W:Hi,I just got back from a meeting and my room is a mess.
M:I’m so sorry,madam.I’ll send someone up right away.
(Text 5)
M:My father is going to take me to New York.What should I do if I want to get
someone’s phone number?
W:Well,look in the local phone book,or call the operator at 411.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:If you ask me,it’s better to do the decorating yourself than to hire someone.
M:I don’t agree.Professionals earn their money.They know what they’re doing and they do the job quickly and well.
W:But they cost so much.Ordinary people prefer to decorate themselves to save money.
M:Yes,they start and never finish and they put up with all that mess.
W:Even Klara puts up with the mess.
M:Oh no,she doesn’t.She and Antonio stay in a hotel until the job is done!
(Text 7)
W:George,could I have a word with you,please?
M:Yes,certainly.What’s up?
W:It’s about your meeting with Mr.Sharpe tomorrow morning.I’ve just spoken to his secretary on the phone.She’s a friend of mine and she told me that his
daughter’s in hospital and she’s going to have an operation tomorrow afternoon.
M:Nothing serious,I hope.
W:I’m not sure but I don’t think it’s routine.Obviously,he’ll be rather worried,so it might be best if you made it a short meeting.He’s a good client,so bear in mind his situation,please.
M:Yes,I’ll do that.Thank you for reminding me!
W:Not at all.Oh,by the way,don’t say anything unless he mentions it because
we’re not supposed to know.
M:Fine.You can count on me.
(Text 8)
M:Do you know that making a presentation is third only to death and divorce on a list of people’s top fears?
W:Really?
M:I can understand that.I had a terrible time in the US once.I was giving a product presentation to a large group of buyers in San Francisco.And I just said “my beautiful assistant Terasa will take your orders at the end of my talk.”And the woman in the front row said“She is beautiful?” and she also said that I was a pig and there was no way she would buy anything from my company.So of course some other women said the same as her.Well,of course I should have known that it would cause trouble saying something like this in the USA.
W:Yeah,you have to be really careful.
(Text 9)
M:This is the kitchen.It has a stove,a fridge,and a double sink.
W:Is there a microwave?
M:No,I’m afraid there isn’t.And this is the family room.It has a widescreen TV and a stereo.
W:Is there a DVD player?
M:No,but there’s a VCR.The rubbish is picked up once a week.There’s a lady who comes in to clean.Her name’s Mrs.Jones.And the grass is cut once a week by her husband.
W:Is the house available from the beginning of June?
M:I’m afraid not.It’s available from June the 15th.
(Text 10)
M:Good afternoon everyone.Welcome to another edition of Europe Today.Today I’ll talk about a survey that was done recently.A survey by the European Union of the standard of living in various member countries was published yesterday.This major study investigated prices and wages.
First,let’s see prices.They are based on the cost of the same basket of shopping in various European cities.These cities are not necessarily the capitals,but cities which represent the business and financial centers of each country.The most expensive places seem to be in Scandinavia,with Denmark coming top,followed by Sweden.France is not far behind.The cheaper places are in the new member states with Poland coming near the bottom of the table.
Now,let’s see wages.The results were calculated from wages and hours in twelve different jobs.Again,a Scandinavian country was top of the table,the highest wages being paid in Denmark,followed by Germany.Lower wages,again,were in the new member states,with Poland coming at the bottom of the table.Well,that’s all for
today’s program.See you tomorrow at the same time.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Scholastic Art:What is your job?
Jayson Fann:I build human-sized nests all over the world.
SA:Can people sit in your nests?
JF:Yes!People have dinner parties in my nests.They read and relax in them.Some of my nests even have several rooms.My nests are even used as hotel rooms.
SA:How do you make a nest?
JF:First,I make a design for the nest.Then I review the design with my client (客户).After the design is final,I collect wood and work with a team to build it.
SA:What do you use to make your nests?
JF:I use eucalyptus (桉树) wood, which is soft and easy to bend when it is young and freshly cut.But when it dries,it becomes extremely hard.So it holds its shape and can support weight.But the structure’s strength also comes from the
engineering—how I weave the wood,and how I join major sections by bolting (用螺栓固定) them together.
SA:What makes a great nest design?
JF:Placement is important.The lines of the branches (树枝) create movement and energy,resulting in a cleaner,simpler background—such as smooth stone or the sky—which really fits the nest.For me,it’s all about balance.
SA:What skills do you need for your job?
JF:You have to be able to draw and use different artistic tools.But you also have to know how to speak to people—your clients and the people who work for you.
SA:What inspires you?
JF:I love to see how other artists,like Andy Goldsworthy,take common and natural materials and make something special with them.
SA:What is the best part of your job?
JF:I get to be creative in a way that doesn’t harm the environment!
21.Jayson Fann’s nests are 　　　. 
A.used for different purposes
B.completely made of wood
C.usually built at his home
D.just used for exhibition
22.When Jayson Fann makes a nest,he usually 　　　. 
A.builds it on his own
B.places it on a eucalyptus tree
C.asks his client to design it first
D.takes its surroundings into consideration
23.Jayson Fann is actually 　　　. 
A.an animal lover
B.a fashion designer
C.a famous engineer
D.an environmental artist
语篇导读:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了环境艺术家Jayson Fann接受采访一事的相关内容。阅读本文有利于拓宽学生视野,培养学生的创新精神。
答案及剖析:
21.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章中的“JF:Yes!
People have dinner parties...even used as hotel rooms.”可知,Jayson Fann在世界各地建造的“鸟巢”用途广泛,人们可以坐在里面吃饭、休息,甚至有些“鸟巢”被当作宾馆房间。故选A。
22.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文中Jayson Fann说的“Placement is important.The lines of...simpler background”可知,在建造“鸟巢”时, Jayson Fann会考虑其周围的环境,目的就是让“鸟巢”与它所处的环境相宜。故选D。
23.D　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据 Jayson Fann对他工作的描述——从环保的角度利用天然材料建造与周围环境相宜的艺术作品,由此推测,他应该是一位环境艺术家。故选D。
B
　　Free Haircuts on a Red Chair
Last summer,Katie Steller was on her way to work.She stopped at a traffic light,where a man,in his 60s,looking out of luck,was sitting alone.She rolled down her window.
“Hey!” she shouted.“I’m driving around giving free haircuts.Do you want one right now?”
The man,missing a few teeth,paused and laughed.“Actually,” he said,“I have a funeral (葬礼) to go to this week.I was really hoping to get a haircut.”
Then,Steller unloaded a red chair from the car.The man,named Edward,took a seat.As Steller was cutting his curly graying hair,he told her about growing up in Mississippi,about moving to Minnesota,and how he still talked to his mom over phone every day.
To date,Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts to people around the city.They are all living on the margins,and she is aware of the power of her work.
“It’s more than a haircut,” she says.“I want it to be a gateway,to show value and respect,but also to get to know people.”
Steller knows that a haircut can change a life.One changed hers: As a teen,she suffered from ulcerative colitis (溃疡性结肠炎) that was so serious,her hair thinned severely.Seeing this,her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.
“To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness,it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says.
After that,Steller knew she wanted to have her own hair salon so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day.Not long after finishing cosmetology school (美容学校) in 2016,she realised her dream.Two years later,she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project,reaching out to people on the streets.
Steller said,“I can’t fix their problems,but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.” Steller listens to people’s stories of loss,addiction,and struggle to get back on their feet.
An offshoot of the Red Chair Project is the Steller Kindness Project,in which people who commit acts of kindness are invited for a free makeover (美容) at
Steller’s salon.In exchange,they tell their stories,which Steller shares on her website.Her hope is that by reading about kind acts,others will be inspired to do their own.
So far,it’s working.“You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give to them,”says Steller.
24.Edward agreed to have a haircut by Steller because 　　　. 
A.he wanted to talk with Steller about his life
B.he wanted to look good for a special occasion
C.he was too old to go to a hair salon by himself
D.he was just waiting for a free haircut on the street
25.In Paragraph 5,the underlined words “living on the margins”can probably be replaced by 　　　. 
A.living with little care and attention
B.living far from downtown areas
C.living with serious illnesses
D.living in untidy conditions
26.What made Steller want to set up her own salon?
A.Her excellent haircut skills.
B.Her mother’s encouragement.
C.Her experience of a formal haircut.
D.Her dream to offer people free haircuts.
27.What’s the purpose of Steller Kindness Project?
A.To make contributions to charity.
B.To encourage people to spread kindness.
C.To reward kind people with free makeovers.
D.To collect moving stories for Steller’s website.
语篇导读:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Katie Steller走上街头为人们免费理发,让他们感觉没有那么孤独。阅读本文有利于培养学生正确的人生观,塑造学生优秀的人格和品质。
答案及剖析:
24.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的最后两句可知,Edward答应Steller提供的免费理发,是因为他想让自己在一个特殊的场合看起来好一点。故选B。
25.A　短语猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测短语含义的能力。根据第一段对Edward的描述“was sitting alone”及第六段中Steller 说的话“I want it to be a gateway,to show value and respect”可知,Steller是为那些缺少关爱和尊重的人免费理发,所以短语“living on the margins”意为“缺乏关爱和关注地生活”。故选A。
26.C　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章内容可知,
Steller得了溃疡性结肠炎后,头发变得稀少,所以妈妈给她安排了一次专业的理发,那次理发经历让她感觉到被关爱,不那么孤独了,再结合倒数第四段中的“After that,Steller knew she wanted...people feel the way she’d felt that day.”可知,是Steller自己的一次正式理发经历让她想开自己的理发店。故选C。
27.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,Steller Kindness Project的目的是鼓励人们传播善意。故选B。
C
　　How would you feel about celebrity (名人) deaths? Despite this person being a perfect stranger,it can feel kind of like you’ve lost an acquaintance or even a friend,when a beloved celebrity dies.It’s not quite the same,of course.You have no memories of times you hung out,or no cards they sent you.Instead,it’s a different kind of grief (悲痛),one marked by big screens crowded stadiums,and a unique feeling of love and admiration you’ve probably never felt for someone you actually know.
If you’ve ever cried or felt sad for days about a celebrity’s death,
you’re certainly not alone.According to expert Rachel O’Neill,feeling grief after a celebrity’s death is common because we form personal attachments to celebrities.“Celebrities’ presence is felt in our lives,”she says.“Maybe they represented an ideal,something you hoped that you could be.Or perhaps the celebrity held a particular important memory in your life—for example,they starred in a TV show that you watched growing up.In those cases,the death can feel like a loss of that particular part of your past.”
It can also be more than a connection to your past,but a joyful part of your everyday life,according to therapist Cynthia Catchings.“Celebrities may provide us with laughs,comfort entertainment,excitement,or sense of escape.When a celebrity we feel connected to passes away,it can feel like losing someone close to us because they may have been integral in some of our happiest or saddest moments,”Catchings says.“They made us laugh,they made us cry,but most importantly,they helped us forget about our difficult moments when we needed it most.”
Still,it can feel strange to grieve someone you didn’t actually know.But both O’Neill and Catchings agree that it’s a totally normal way to feel for any number of reasons—the most understandable of which is that death is just sad.
It doesn’t matter that you didn’t know the celebrity in person.If you’re experiencing grief,O’Neill says,it’s important to give yourself space to feel it.“Remembering the celebrity in whatever way you feel will be helpful,”she says.“Some people find comfort in sharing their memories on social media and connecting with other users who are also experiencing grief and loss.”
The more we feel,the more we grow,however painful.That’s why medical officer Neeraj Gandotra says you should use your grief over a celebrity to prepare you for grief you might feel down the road.“Use the feelings of loss as an opportunity to have a more academic discussion about what happens when someone dies,”he said.“This discussion can help prepare one for when someone close to them dies.The topic is healthy and a great opportunity to find areas where you could improve,and even change the direction of your life for the better.”
28.What does O’Neill think of feeling grief over a celebrity’s death?
A.It can bring back painful memories.
B.It is very natural for people to do so.
C.It makes ordinary people suffer stress.
D.It improves interpersonal relationships.
29.What does the underlined word “integral” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Interesting. B.Attractive.
C.Important. D.Normal.
30.What does Neeraj Gandotra advise people to do?
A.To understand the pain of growing up.
B.To make good use of the sense of grief.
C.To adopt a positive attitude towards life.
D.To try to seek some comfort in daily life.
31.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.The important roles celebrities play in life.
B.The effect of a celebrity’s death on people.
C.How people should deal with their sadness.
D.Why people grieve the deaths of celebrities.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了一种普遍的现象——我们对于名人的去世会感到悲伤以及这种现象的原因,并通过专家给我们的建议来表明我们应该怎样面对和利用这种悲伤。阅读本文有利于使学生正确看待这一现象。
答案及剖析:
28.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第二句可知,
Rachel O’Neill认为,人们对于名人的去世感到悲伤是很普遍的,很正常的。故选B。
29.C　词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。根据第三段中“When a celebrity we feel connected...they helped us forget about our difficult moments when we needed it most.”可知,名人陪我们度过了生活中欢笑、痛苦的时刻,帮助我们忘记痛苦,失去他们,我们像失去了亲密的人。结合选项,名人在我们生活中的这些快乐和悲伤的时刻是“重要的”。故选C。
30.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段前两句可知,Neeraj Gandotra建议人们应该好好利用这种悲伤的感觉。故选B。
31.D　主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。文章开头给我们介绍了因为名人去世而悲伤这一现象,接下来的段落分别给我们介绍了悲伤的原因:他们代表着理想;他们不仅和我们的过去有关,还和我们的日常生活关系密切;不仅陪我们欢笑,也在痛苦中给我们安慰。当然,我们可以合理地利用这种悲伤,为我们以后遇到的悲伤做准备,也帮助我们成长。所以,这篇文章主要就是这种围绕对名人去世感到悲伤的现象的原因展开的。故选D。
D
　　A 15-year-old Colorado high school student and young scientist who has used artificial intelligence(AI) and created apps to address polluted drinking water,drug addiction and other social problems has been named Time Magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year”.
Rao told The Associated Press in an interview from her home that the prize is “nothing that I could have ever imagined.And I’m so grateful and just so excited that we’re really taking a look at the upcoming generation and our generation,since the future is in our hands.”
Time said Rao stood out for creating a global community of young innovators and inspiring them to pursue their goals.Rao insisted that starting out small
doesn’t matter,as long as you’re passionate about it.
She told Time contributing editor Angelina Jolie in an interview that her science pursuits started early as a way to improve social conditions.The drinking water crisis in Flint,Michigan,inspired her work to develop a way to detect pollutants and send those results to a mobile phone.
“I was like 10 when I told my parents that I wanted to research carbon nanotube(纳米管) sensor technology at the Denver Water quality research lab,and my mum was like,A what?” Rao told Jolie.She said that work is going to be in our generation’s hands pretty soon.“So if no one else is gonna do it,I’m gonna do it.”
In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged,Rao insisted that its pursuit is an act of kindness,the best way that a younger generation can better the world.
“We have science in everything we’re involved in,and I think that’s the biggest thing to put out there,that science is cool,innovating is cool,and anybody can be an innovator,” Rao said.“Anybody can do science.”
32.What did Rao think of the award she received?
A.It was a mark of social progress.
B.It was a recognition of her work.
C.It was an inspiration to the youth.
D.It was a title beyond her expectation.
33.Why would Rao start to pursue science?
A.To encourage people to aim high.
B.To pursue her passion for research.
C.To change the society for the better.
D.To stop science from being questioned.
34.Which word can best describe Rao?
A.Cool. B.Kind.
C.Independent. D.Creative.
35.What’s the purpose of the text?
A.To report a young genius.
B.To introduce new inventions.
C.To improve social conditions.
D.To present artificial intelligence.
语篇导读:本文为一篇新闻报道,介绍了15岁的Rao被《时代》杂志评为第一个“年度风云儿童”。阅读本文有利于培养学生对科学的热爱,并塑造自己成为具有优秀品质的人。
答案及剖析:
32.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第二段中的“the prize is ‘nothing that I could have ever imagined...’”可知,Rao从未觉得自己可以得奖,这远远超出了她的预期。故选D。
33.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第四段中的“She told Time contributing editor...way to improve social conditions.”可知,Rao追求科学是为了改善社会条件,即让社会变得更好。故选C。
34.D　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章最后一段中的 “We have science in everything...anybody can be an innovator.”以及文章第一段的“created apps”可知,Rao热爱创新并且追求创新。由此推知,她是一个非常有创造力的人。故选D。
35.A　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第一段可知,近日,美国科罗拉多州一名15岁的高中生同时又是位年轻的科学家,被《时代》杂志评为第一个“年度风云儿童”。她使用人工智能 (AI) 技术,创建了应用程序来解决饮用水污染、吸毒成瘾和其他社会问题。由此可知,本文主要介绍了年仅15岁的“年度风云儿童”Rao以及她作出的贡献。短文报道了一个年轻的天才。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career
When you think about choosing a career,you often do it in the following two ways.
36.　　　.If you like writing or doing crafts,you might consider these things.This is not a bad way to go,of course,but you can’t always make money doing things you like(like video games or drinking beer).And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. 
Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad.Maybe a doctor,engineer or lawyer?Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach,so you choose office or retail worker.37.　　　,but often they are not something
you’re really passionate about.It’s kind of like just doing something because
it’s there—not very inspired. 
However,there’s another way that is perhaps better:38.　　　.For example,taking care of children,because you really want to help children get a great start in life,or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease.
39.　　　,and if you choose one of them for that purpose,you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day. 
There are endless ways to do that.The point isn’t how you serve the world,but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose.
40.　　　. 
A.These are all great choices
B.Think about what you like to do
C.You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there
D.Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose
E.Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better
F.The sooner you complete the training requirements,the sooner you will make a living
G.If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job,you’re always further along than most people
语篇导读:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何选择让你有目标感的职业。阅读本文有利于培养学生的职业规划意识和努力拼搏的精神。
答案及剖析:
36.B　考查学生理解段落主题句与段内句间衔接关系的能力。上文“When you think about choosing a career,you often do it in the following two ways.”说明接下来将会分别介绍两种选择职业的方法。下文“If you like writing or doing crafts,you might consider these things.”说明可以把自己喜欢做的事当成职业。B项能够概括本段的内容。故选B。
37.A　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。上文“Maybe a doctor,engineer...or retail worker.”介绍了一些可能的职业选择。下文“but often they are not something you’re really passionate about”表示转折,说明空处讲的是对这些职业的总结和概括。A项承接上文且与下文为转折关系,符合语境。故选A。
38.E　考查学生理解段内句间衔接关系的能力。上文“However,there’s another way that is perhaps better”说明接下来要讲另一种选择职业的办法。下文“For example,taking care of children,because you really...find a cure for a terrible disease.”列举了一些更有意义的职业选择。E项承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
39.D　考查学生对前后逻辑信息的判断能力。下文“and if you choose one of them...each day”说明有目标地选择职业的好处。D项中的purpose和下文中that purpose相呼应,说明选择这些职业就会充满目标感,引出下文。故选D。
40.G　考查学生对前后逻辑信息的判断能力。上文“The point isn’t how...purpose.”说明选择一些有意义的工作会带给你目标感。G项进一步说明选择一份让你有目标感的工作带给你的意义,承接上文,符合语境。故选G。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2014,the Varkey Foundation established the Global Teacher Prize.It is to reawaken the world’s 　41　 and importance of teachers. 
This Year’s Prize 　42　 to Disale,a primary school teacher from India.Shortly after the 　43　 in London,Disale announced that he intended to 　44　 half of the prize money with the other nine co-finalists.He wanted them to 　45　 and lighten the lives of more students. 
　　Back in 2007,Disale had to enroll (加入) in a teacher-training program 　46　 after being refused by an engineering university of his choice.However,he soon realised the impact educators could make on 　47　 lives.After graduating,he accepted a 　48　 in a tiny village.The school building was far from satisfactory.What’s worse,the villagers 　49　 education,especially for girls.Even the courses were not written in the native language,Kannada. 
Disale stepped up to the 　50　 by first learning Kannada himself and then translating all the textbooks into the native language.He even organised after-school “Edutainment” activities to awaken the students’　51　. 
His 　52　 have paid off and extended (延伸) beyond his tiny village.Today,his tiny school has 　53　 100 percent attendance from girls.His project,Let’s Cross the Borders,is designed to build 　54　 between young people in conflict zones. 
Given his commitment,it is 　55　 that he has received the prize. 
41.A.imagination B.appreciation
C.delight D.discussion
42.A.went B.appealed
C.turned D.tended
43.A.calculation B.visit
C.ceremony D.arrangement
44.A.exchange B.spend
C.share D.save
45.A.stand out B.show up
C.come up D.reach out
46.A.particularly B.happily
C.unwisely D.unwillingly
47.A.young B.fragile
C.lonely D.common
48.A.title B.position
C.reward D.promotion
49.A.doubted B.chose
C.assessed D.balanced
50.A.challenge B.fame
C.standard D.danger
51.A.memory B.curiosity
C.tolerance D.sympathy
52.A.skills B.ambitions
C.bets D.efforts
53.A.required B.forced
C.achieved D.supported
54.A.courage B.peace
C.truth D.mercy
55.A.surprising B.legal
C.interesting D.natural
语篇导读:本文为一篇记叙文。今年全球教师奖颁给了印度乡村教师Disale,他为乡村教育事业作出了巨大贡献。阅读本文有利于培养学生的社会责任感和使命担当的意识。
[文章脉络]

答案及剖析:
41.B　根据“and importance of teachers”可知,设立全球教师奖的目的是唤起全世界对教师的感激和重视。
42.A　根据“Disale announced that he intended to 　44　 half of the prize money with the other nine co-finalists”可知,今年的全球教师奖奖项授予给了Disale。 
43.C　根据“This Year’s Prize 　42　 to Disale,a primary school teacher from India.”可知,Disale在颁奖典礼后宣布分享他的奖金。 
44.C　根据“He wanted them to 　45　 and lighten the lives of more students.”可知,Disale宣布分享自己奖金的一半。 
45.D　根据“and lighten the lives of more students”可知,他希望其他9位决赛选手能够伸出援手帮助更多的学生。
46.D　根据“after being refused by an engineering university of his choice”可知,Disale是申请被拒绝之后,才不情愿地参加教师培训项目的。
47.A　根据“He wanted them to 　45　 and lighten the lives of more students.”可知,学生大多数都是年轻人,所以是教育工作者对年轻人的影响。 
48.B　根据“The school building was far from satisfactory.”可知,Disale接受了一个小村庄的学校的工作。
49.A　根据“especially for girls”和“Even the courses were not written in the native language,Kannada.”可知,当地人怀疑当时的教育。
50.A　根据“by first learning Kannada himself and then translating all the textbooks into the native language”可知,Disale开始接受各种挑战。
51.B　根据“He even organised after-school ‘Edutainment’ activities”可知,Disale组织课外“寓教于乐”活动的目的是激发学生的好奇心。
52.D　根据“and extended (延伸) beyond his tiny village”可知,Disale的努力得到了回报。
53.C　根据“What’s worse,the villagers 　49　 education,especially for girls.”可知,与上文对照,现在的女生出勤率达到了100%。 
54.B　根据“between young people in conflict zones”可知,Disale的“让我们跨越边界”项目在于在冲突地区的年轻人之间建立和平。
55.D　根据“Given his commitment”可知,Disale获奖是很自然的。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bigger isn’t always better.People who are doubtful about this argument just need to look at smartphones and personal computers,which have served 56.　　　　 the technological driving force behind the social development of the past century.It is the continual shrinkage (缩小) of components that has caused the explosion of computing power and 57.　　　　 (enable) these gadgets (小工具) to be accessible to people across the world. 
58.　　　　 (inspire) by this,researchers and scientists have been working on areas 59.　　　　 making things small may mean big results.And this year,the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes to discoveries on the 60.　　　　 (small) scales. 
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 61.　　　　 (award) to a cellular-level (细胞水平) experiment.The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology,for his research on “autophagy”,
62.　　　　“self-eating” process seen in cells. 
What’s more,in recognition of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and 63.　　　　 (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale,the Nobel Prize for physics went to three British-born scientists who
64.　　　　 (current) work in the US. 
Another exceptional new field is that of nano-technology.The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to a scientist 65.　　　　 managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules.Small though the subjects are,the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge.More importantly,their invention may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind. 
语篇导读:本文为一篇说明文。更大并不总是更好。今年的诺贝尔奖就颁发给了最小尺度上的发现。阅读本文有利于培养学生的探究和科研精神。
答案及剖析:
56.as　考查介词。固定短语:serve as意为“充当;担任”。故填as。
57.enabled　考查时态。该句是一个强调主语的强调句型,谓语动词是现在完成时,所给动词enable与caused为并列谓语,共用一个助动词has。故填enabled。
58.Inspired　考查过去分词作原因状语。句中已有谓语have been working on,此处为非谓语,句子主语researchers and scientists和inspire之间是被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语。故填Inspired。
59.where　考查定语从句。此处areas是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
60.smallest　考查形容词最高级。根据前面的the biggest prizes可知,这里用形容词最高级与之对称。故填smallest。
61.was awarded　考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子主语The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 是单数形式,和谓语动词award之间是被动关系,且指过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。
62.a　考查冠词。此处作 autophagy的同位语, process是可数名词,此处泛指“一个”,且self-eating的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
63.taking　考查动名词。所给动词take和前面的working是并列关系,作介词of的宾语。故填taking。
64.currently　考查副词。此处work是动词,用副词修饰,所给词current是形容词,其副词是currently。故填currently。
65.who/that　考查定语从句。此处a scientist作先行词,指人,在后面的定语从句中作主语,由who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　最近你校英文报进行了一次“你心中最崇拜哪类人”的调查,结果显示,钟南山、袁隆平等科学家成为大多数学生最崇拜的人。请你用英语就此写篇报道,内容包括:
1.简述此次调查;
2.你对此次结果的看法。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。














　　One possible version:
Recently a survey on what kind of people you admire most has been conducted by our school’s English newspaper.As the result shows,scientists like Zhong Nanshan and Yuan Longping are the most popular with the students.
To be honest,I am very pleased with the result,which shows students are gradually forming proper ideas of value.Instead of blindly admiring pop stars,they admire those scientists who play great roles in developing our society and improving our life.Besides,the great spirits of selfless contributions and the huge efforts they show in their careers also deserve our respect.
In short,if most students admire scientists,our country will certainly become better and better.
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An honest mistake
Jane again examined the words on her spelling test.If she got them all right today,she would win her class’s Spelling Challenge and a brand new dictionary.
What’s more,Mrs.White had promised to sing a song if anyone got a perfect score.
Another three words left.N-i-c-e-l-y.Q-u-i-c-k-l-y.H-o-n-e-s-t-y.Wait!She had spelled honesty,not honestly.She hurriedly erased the t-y and wrote l-y before handing in her paper.
Mrs.White graded her test papers during the break.In the meanwhile,Jane sat nervously in her seat with her fingers crossed.Then,Mrs.White walked to the front of the room,cleared her throat and started to sing.
“Congratulations,Jane!You did it!” She announced while singing.
The whole class burst into applause!Mrs.White herself presented Jane with her prize.Jane grinned as she read the note on the dictionary:
To Jane,for her perfect performance.
“Everything OK?” Mom asked as Jane burst through the front door after school.Jane didn’t answer.As if by magic,she took out her spelling test paper and prize and showed them to her mother.Mom hugged her,asking her to put the test paper on the fridge so that Dad could see it when he got home.
Jane took another look at the test paper before putting it on the fridge.Her hands stopped in mid-air.She just couldn’t believe her own eyes.Honesly?
Yes!H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!
Mom sensed something unusual and asked why.Jane squeezed the test paper into her backpack and explained that she was just too excited.Mom brought her some tea.Yes,a “t” was exactly what she needed.
After drinking a little juice,Jane sat on the sofa in the living room,lost in thought.How could she tell the class she didn’t deserve the prize?That Mrs.White sang the beautiful song for nothing?
　　注意:
　　续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Soon Dad came home and heard the good news. 





Paragraph 2:
The next morning,Jane went to school earlier than usual. 






1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。

2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。

3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。

4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
　　Soon Dad came home and heard the good news.“Where’s your spelling test,Jane?” Dad asked eagerly.Jane looked away from her father.Anyhow,she reluctantly went to her room and pulled out the test paper.Dad fixed his eyes on the paper,a pleasant smile lifting the corner of his mouth.“I’m proud of you,sweetie.We need to celebrate it tonight.” Jane pretended to be smiling all the time.Meanwhile a sense of guilt rose inside her.Feeling she didn’t deserve the prize,she had a sleepless night for the first time in her life.
　　The next morning,Jane went to school earlier than usual.Mrs.White was unlocking the classroom.“You’re an early bird.”Mrs.White said.Jane’s hands trembled.She handed her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary.“I can’t keep this.I misspelled ‘honestly’ and you didn’t catch it.” For a moment,Mrs.White stood quietly reading the label on the dictionary.Then picking up her pen,she crossed out the word “perfect” and wrote “honest” before returning the dictionary to Jane.“Keep this,but for honesty.”