高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品课时练习

Unit 1　People of achievement

Period One　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Talent, hard work and strong determination are all c　　　　to career success.  

2.Reading is of v　　　　 importance in language learning.  

3.The president advised his employees to think very carefully about c　　　　 themselves to working on Sundays. 

4.To o　　　　 her degree, she answered 81 questions over 10 papers.  

5.They a　　　　 that the decision was a mistake. 

6.The main 　　　　(目标) of the class is to teach basic listening skills. 

7.They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity and 　　　　(科学的) discoveries. 

8.From the beginning, it was 　　　　(明显) that she was not an ordinary child. 

9.Many studies have 　　　　(得出结论) that smoking is dangerous. 

10.My family 　　　　(坚持) that I should not give in, but stay and fight. 

Ⅱ.单句填空

1.They are 　　　　(commit) themselves to the pursuit of truths. 

2.Researchers are busy 　　　　(analyse) the results of the study. 

3.　　　　(apparent), success is the mother of failure. 

4.The day passed without any 　　　　(acknowledge) that it was their wedding anniversary. 

5.After thinking about it, we came to the 　　　　(conclude) that we should go. 

6.There are no obvious 　　　　(distinct) between the two designs. 

7.We will have to adopt a more 　　　　(science) approach in the future. 

8.It is 　　　　vital importance that you follow all safety rules. 

9.It’s impossible　　　　(evaluate) these results without knowing more about the research methods employed.  

10.Vitamins are 　　　　(crucial) important for maintaining good health. 

Ⅲ.短语填空

insist on; get stuck; reach a conclusion; lead to; make sure; commit oneself to; play a crucial part/role in; die from

1.Remember to 　　　　　　　　that all doors are locked. 

2.His volunteer work in the hospital 　　　　　　　　a career in nursing. 

3.She 　　　　　　　　doing everything in her own way. 

4.The elevator 　　　　　　　　on the fifth floor. 

5.Scientists haven’t yet 　　　　　　　　on the causes of this illness. 

6.The chance is that one smoker in four will 　　　　　　　　　　　　smoking.  

7.Parents 　　　　　　　　preparing their child for school.  

8.She didn’t want to　　　　　　　 working at weekends. 

Ⅳ.句型训练

1.On 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he set to work in earnest.(return) 

他一从欧洲回来就开始认真地工作。

2.The expression on his face suggested that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, so I suggested that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　their work at once.(be;finish) 

他脸上的表情表明他很生气,所以我建议工人们马上完成他们的工作。

3.Tom insisted that Mike 　　　　　　　　his teacher, but Mike insisted that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(apologize;wrong) 汤姆坚决要求迈克向他的老师道歉,但是迈克坚持说他没有错。 

4.He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　many lives in the war.(be thought to)  

人们认为他在那次战争中救了许多人。

5.It is a great honour 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(receive) 

我能得那个奖是无上的荣耀。

Ⅴ.阅读理解

Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith. There were four children in his family and, with his father often ill and unable to work, Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age. This meant little or no schooling. However, the family belonged to a religious group, and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.

When he was only fourteen, Faraday found a job as a bookbinder(装订工). He used to read the books he was given to bind and he became very interested in the scientific books, particularly the ones about electricity. His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments. These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself. However, he was very careful and kept a clear written record of all his findings.

One day he was given an entrance ticket to the Royal Institute chemistry lecture, given by Humphry Davy. Determined to work for this great scientist, he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out. In 1813 Davy offered Faraday a job as one of his laboratory assistants. Faraday learnt quickly and soon was recognized as a very able analytical chemist. Later he went to work at the Royal Institute.

Michael Faraday was, perhaps, the greatest practical scientist of the 19th century. As a chemist, he discovered the benzene(苯), which is now the focal point of chemical study. He also proved the relationship between electricity and chemical bond(化学键). As a physicist, he invented the dynamo, which led to the later invention of the electric motor. He also discovered the effect of magnetism(磁) on light rays.

(　　)1.Why did Faraday attend Sunday School?

A.He had to work as a bookbinder at weekdays.

B.He hoped to read many of the scientific books there.

C.He would like to learn religious knowledge.

D.His family couldn’t afford his normal school education.

(　　)2.When working as a bookbinder, Faraday 　　　　. 

A.published his great findings on electricity

B.made his own equipment for his experiments

C.read many books by Humphry Davy

D.gained his fame as a practical scientist

(　　)3.In order to get a chance to work for Davy, Faraday 　　　　. 

A.bought tickets to attend Davy’s lectures

B.sent his experiment reports to Davy

C.went to the Royal Institute to visit Davy

D.offered to do laboratory work for free

(　　)4.Which of the following is the right order of Faraday’s life?

a.A laboratory assistant.

b.A student of Sunday School.

c.A bookbinder.

d.An analytical chemist.

A.abcd  

B.bcda

C.bcad  

D.cbad

Ⅵ.语法填空

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Barbara Jordan was a lawyer, educator and member of Congress. As a politician, Barbara Jordan worked for social change. She 1.　　　　 (seek) to make a difference for all Americans using her 2.　　　　 (politics) influence. 

Barbara Jordan became the first African American woman 3.　　　　 (elect) to the United States Congress to represent Texas. 4.　　　　 helped Barbara gain her national 5.　　　　 (recognize) was that she became a member of the congressional committee investigating President Richard Nixon in 1974. 

Barbara Jordan was born in the southern city of Houston, Texas in 1936. She was 6.　　　　 (young) of the three daughters in her family. Her father was a Baptist minister. When she was a child, Barbara’s parents pushed her to succeed. Barbara Jordan said her parents would criticize her for not 7.　　　　 (speak) correct English. They urged her to become a music teacher, because they said that was the only good job for a black woman at that time. Her sisters did become 8.　　　　 (teacher). Barbara Jordan, however, explained later that she wanted to do something unusual. 

At first she thought about being a pharmacist, 9.　　　　 scientist who is an expert in medicines. After she became the first African American state senator(参议员), her career in politics took 10.　　　　. 

参考答案

Ⅰ.1.crucial　2.vital　3.committing　4.obtain　5.acknowledged

6.objective　7.scientific　8.apparent　9.concluded　10.insisted

Ⅱ.1.committing　2.analysing　3.Apparently　4.acknowledgement

5.conclusion　6.distinctions　7.scientific　8.of　9.to evaluate　10.crucially

Ⅲ.1.make sure　2.led to　3.insists on　4.got stuck　5.reached a conclusion

6.die from　7.play a crucial part/role in　8.commit herself to

Ⅳ.1.his return from Europe　2.he was very angry; the workers should finish

3.(should) apologize to;he was not wrong　4.is thought to save

5.for me to receive that prize

Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了迈克尔·法拉第(Michael Faraday)是如何成长为一名伟大的科学家(物理学家及化学家)的以及他在物理和化学领域取得的成就。

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There were four children in his family and, with his father often ill and unable to work, Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age. This meant little or no schooling. However, the family belonged to a religious group, and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.”可知,法拉第年幼时家境贫寒,上不起正规的学校,只好上了主日学校。故选D项。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments. These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.”可知,法拉第做图书装订工作的时候,为自己的实验亲自动手制作实验器材。故选B项。

3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Determined to work for this great scientist, he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.”可知,为了能为戴维工作,法拉第递交了自己的实验报告。故选B项。

4.C　细节理解题。纵观全文可知,法拉第先是在主日学校学习,后来成为图书装订工,然后又做了实验室助理,最后成为一名化学家。故选C项。

Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物传记。芭芭拉·乔丹(Barbara Jordan)是一名律师、教育家和国会议员,文章讲述了她的家庭背景以及她是如何走向政坛的。

1.sought　考查动词时态。她试图利用自己的政治影响力为所有美国人带来改变。结合上文可知句子用一般过去时,故填sought。

2.political　考查词形转换。她试图利用自己的政治影响力为所有美国人带来改变。此处influence是名词,由形容词来修饰,故填political。

3.(to be) elected　考查动词不定式作后置定语。芭芭拉·乔丹成为第一位代表得克萨斯州当选美国国会议员的非洲裔美国妇女。“The first(second…)+名词+to do sth” 表示“做某事的第一……”,是动词不定式作后置定语,此处woman 和elect之间是被动关系,故填(to be) elected。

4.What　考查主语从句。1974年,芭芭拉成为调查理查德·尼克松总统的国会委员会成员,这帮助她获得了全国的认可。根据后面的谓语动词was和前面的helped可知helped是主语从句的谓语,且主语从句缺少引导词和主语,故填What。

5.recognition　考查词形转换。1974年,芭芭拉成为调查理查德·尼克松总统的国会委员会成员,这帮助她获得了全国的认可。此处national是形容词,修饰名词,故填recognition。

6.the youngest　考查形容词的最高级。她是家里三个女儿中最小的。根据the three daughters in her family可知此处用形容词最高级,故填the youngest。

7.speaking　考查动名词。芭芭拉·乔丹说她的父母会批评她说的英语不正确。此处介词for后面用动名词作宾语,故填speaking。

8.teachers　考查名词复数。她的姐妹们确实成了老师。根据sisters可知后面用名词复数,故填teachers。

9.a　考查不定冠词。起初,她想成为一名药剂师——药物方面的科学家。后面用a scientist作a pharmacist的同位语,故填a。

10.off　考查动词词组。在她成为第一位非洲裔黑人州参议员后,她的政治生涯开始腾飞。此处take off 意为“事业腾飞”,故填off。