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英语Unit 5 Languages around the world课文ppt课件
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这是一份英语Unit 5 Languages around the world课文ppt课件，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了Grammar，Activity 1，Activity 2，Activity 3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Let’s have a review1. China is widely knwn fr its ancient civilisatin which has cntinued all the way thrugh int mdern times ... (P62)2. Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times. (P62)3. Written Chinese has als becme an imprtant means by which China’s present is cnnected with its past. (P62)4. It dates back t several thusand years t the use f lnggu — ancient Chinese peple. (P62)5. Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. (P62)
relative prnuns 关系代词
wh (主语，宾语)whm (宾语) whse (定语)that (主语，宾语)
whse (定语)that (主语，宾语) which (主语，宾语)
1 Lk at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind f infrmatin des each clause cmmunicate? ·It was a time when peple were divided gegraphically. ·Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. ·There are many reasns why peple learn a freign language. ·These were animal bnes and shells n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple.
Describe yur favurite things
·It was a time when peple were divided gegraphically. Infrmatin：a time fr an event when... gegraphically 是定语从句，修饰 a time，when 在从句中作时间状语。·Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. Infrmatin：a lcatin fr an event where... directin 是定语从句，修饰 ne unified cuntry，where 在从句中作地点状语。·There are many reasns why peple learn a freign language. Infrmatin：a reasn fr an actin ·why... language 是定语从句，修饰reasns，why 在从句中作原因状语。·These were animal bnes and shells n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple. Infrmatin：a lcatin fr an actin ·n which... peple 是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰 animal bnes and shells，n which=n the animal bnes and shells。
Fill in the table t cmplete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause. Then use the phrases t make cmplete sentences.
When I started studying German，it was a struggle/ˈstrʌɡl/. The wrds felt strange n my tngue/tʌŋ/，and the grammar wuld nt stay in my head. I tld my mum that I wanted t give up，and that I wuld never live in a cuntry ________________ German was spken. My mum tld me that studying a language was nt just fr my future. It was exercise fr the brain； the mre I learnt f a language，the mre my brain wuld grw. And I remember that day ________________ I suddenly felt like German was n lnger a freign language. It felt like my brain had dubled in size. I had finally cme t a place ________________ I culd think in this freign language，and I culd see the wrld frm a different pint f view. I felt as if I had reached the gal ________________ I had been fighting fr. I culd pen a bk and see meanings，nt just a sea f wrds. I finally understd the reasn ____________my mum had encuraged me nt t give up. Thanks，Mum!
Cmplete the passage with the crrect relative adverbs r prnuns. Add a prepsitin where necessary.
where/in which
when/n which
where/at which
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.64When I started studying German，it was a struggle. 当我开始学习德语的时候，那是一件很难的事。1 struggle n. & vi.（1）n. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗；挣扎a pwer/leadership struggle权力的争夺 / 领导权的斗争a struggle fr independence争取独立的斗争the struggle between gd and evil善恶之争She will nt give up her children withut a struggle. 她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。
（2）vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗fr 为（争取）……而斗争/ 奋斗with/against 与……作斗争t d sth. 努力做某事t ne’s feet 挣扎着站起来a cuntry struggling fr independence 为独立而奋斗的国家She has been struggling against her illness fr many years. 她已经与疾病抗争了许多年。She’s struggling t bring up her children n a very lw incme.她以微薄的收入艰难地抚养自己的孩子。
单句语法填空（1）［2019·江苏卷］He struggled __________（explain）what he heard in his head.（2） It was ________ struggle fr the pr family t earn a living n the little farm.（3） The cuntry is struggling ________ peace.（4） Dina，________________（struggle）fr mnths t find a jb as a waitress，finally tk a psitin at a lcal advertising agency.完成句子（5） Man ________________________________（ 一直与……作斗争）nature.（6） Thugh he was badly injured，he ________________________（挣扎着站了起来）.
having struggled
has been struggling with/against
struggled t his feet
教材原句p.64 culd see the wrld frm a different pint f view. ……我能从不同的角度看这个世界。2 pint f view 观点；看法搭配：frm ne’s pint f view 依照某人的观点，在某人看来There are a number f different pints f view n this issue.关于这个问题有许多不同的观点。【归纳拓展】have/get a gd view f 好好欣赏/ 观看in ne’s view 按照某人的观点，在某人看来cme int view 进入视野Yu can hear the rar and see the mist rise int the air befre the falls cme int view. 瀑布尚未映入眼帘之前，你就可以听到怒吼般的水声，看到袅袅升至空中的雾气。
完成句子（1） I respect yur ________________（观点），but I’m nt sure I agree with yu.（2） _____________________________________________（在我看来），there is n way they can win.（3） Yu can ________________________（好好欣赏）the beautiful sunrise and sunset frm the windw.
pint f view
Frm my pint f view/In my view/In my pinin
have/get a gd view f
重点句式教材原句p.64 ... the mre I learnt f a language，the mre my brain wuld grw. ……我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就越发达。1 the+ 比较级，the + 比较级“the+ 比较级（+主语+谓语），the + 比较级（+主语+谓语）”意为“ 越……，就越……”。The mre he drank，the mre vilent he became. 他喝得越多，就变得越狂暴。The mre，the better. 多多益善。【学法点拨】在“the+ 比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语），the + 比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语）”结构中，第一个“the+ 比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句谓语用一般现在时表将来，第二个“the+ 比较级”中谓语用一般将来时。【归纳拓展】比较级+ and + 比较级mre and mre + 多音节形容词原级
单句语法填空（1） The ________（hard） yu wrk，the mre prgress yu will make.（2） The mre a persn ________（read），the wiser he r she will becme.（3） With the winter appraching，the day becmes shrter ________ shrter.完成句子（4） 越早越好。The sner，________________.（5） 你越小心，你犯的错误就越少。_________________________，the fewer mistakes yu will make.（6） 她发现那项工作越来越缺乏吸引力了。She fund the jb ________________ attractive.
The mre careful yu are
less and less
单元语法定语从句（Ⅱ）——关系副词的用法1 概述当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。关系副词的作用如下：（1）指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；（2）在从句中充当句子成分——状语；（3）起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。There are ccasins when（n which） ne must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where（in which） I was brn. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reasn why（fr which） he refused ur ffer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
找出句中的关系副词及定语从句修饰的先行词（1） There was a time when I hated t g t schl.（2） It is a wrld f wnders，a wrld where anything can happen.（3） The reasn why he did nt cme is quite clear.
关系副词：when；先行词：a time
关系副词：where；先行词：a wrld
关系副词：why；先行词：the reasn
2 关系副词引导的定语从句（1）when 引导的定语从句when 表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词如time，day，week，year 等。There cmes a time when yu have t make a chice. 你必须作出抉择的时候到了。Gne are the days when they culd d what they liked. 他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。We’ll put ff the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better. 我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点儿。【误区警示】当先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when 引导，也可以用that 或which 引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用when 引导；若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that 或which 引导。Dn’t frget the time （that/which） I’ve tld yu. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。I can never frget the days when we wrked tgether. 我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
（2）where 引导的定语从句where 表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如place，factry，huse，village 等，或表示抽象地点的名词如psitin，pint，case，stage，situatin，atmsphere 等。This is the village where he was brn. 这就是他出生的村子。Mary was wrking in Aubury，where she went daily in a bus.玛丽在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。【误区警示】当先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that 或which 引导定语从句。He wrks in a factry that/which makes TV sets.他在一家电视机厂工作。
（3）why 引导的定语从句why 表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reasn。We dn’t knw the reasn why he didn’t shw up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。【误区警示】若代替先行词 reasn 的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。The reasn that/which they tld yu is nt true. 他们给你的理由是不真实的。【学法点拨】关系代词与关系副词的选用
单句语法填空（1）We will never frget the day ________ we flew at an altitude f 6，000 meters in the sky.（2） Finally，we gt t a factry，________ many mbile phnes f high quality were prduced.（3） It’s helpful t put children in a situatin ________ they can see themselves differently.（4） This is the huse __________ was built by my grandfather frty years ag.（5） I dn’t knw the reasn ________ he didn’t turn t his gd friend fr help yesterday.（6） I wn’t listen t the reasn __________ yu have given us.
用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空，并比较它们的句法功能（7） a. D yu still remember the days __________we chatted with each ther all night?b. D yu still remember the days __________we spent tgether n the farm?（8） a. This is the factry __________ I visited last year.b. This is the factry __________ he used t wrk.（9） a. Is this the museum __________ was built last year?b. Is this the museum __________ the exhibitin was held?判断正误（10）This is the muntain village where I visited last year. （ ）（11）This is the muntain village （that/which） I visited last year. （ ）（12）I will never frget the days when I spent in the cuntryside. （ ）（13）I’ll never frget the days （that/which） I spent in the cuntryside. （ ）
3 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句关系副词 when，where，why 引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+ 关系代词（which /whm）”代替。在“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which 或whm，不可用that 或wh。先行词指物时用 which，先行词指人时用 whm。when =at/in/during/n+whichwhere =in/at/n+whichwhy =fr+which（1）介词选择的三原则：一先、二动、三意义。① 一先：根据先行词的习惯搭配来确定。I’ll never frget the day n which I first met him. （表示具体的某一天，介词用n）The by pinted t the directin in which he wuld run. （“朝……方向”，介词用in）② 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定。This is nt the bk f which the teacher spke in class.（speak f 意为“谈论”，相当于talk abut）The tw things f which they felt prud were Jim’s gld watch and Della’s hair.（be/feel prud f 为固定短语，意为“以……自豪”）
【误区警示】有些含有介词的固定动词短语一般不能将介词分开放在关系代词前，如listen t，lk fr，care fr，hear frm，hear f，take care f 等。This is the watch which/that I am lking fr. （正确）This is the watch fr which I am lking. （错误）③ 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。The clrless gas withut which we cannt live is called xygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
（2）“介词+ 关系代词”的结构①“介词+ which”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where 和why。I still remember the day n which（= when） I first came t schl. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。The factry in which（= where） I wrk is a large ne. 我工作的那家工厂是一个大工厂。②“介词+ which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句中的主谓常常要倒装。They arrived at a farm huse，in frnt f which sat a small by. 他们来到一处农舍，农舍前边坐着一个小男孩。③“不定代词或数词+ f + which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。China has a lt f islands，ne f which is Hainan Island. 中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。
④“介词+ which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作目的、方式或地点状语。The man，frm whm I learned the news，is an engineer.这个人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。⑤“名词+ f which”代替“whse + 名词”在定语从句中作定语。I saw sme trees，the leaves f which（= whse leaves ） were black with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因患病而发黑。⑥ “介词+ which（指物）/whse（指人）”修饰后面的名词。It rained all night and all day，during which time the ship brke int pieces. 雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。
单句语法填空the day ________ which I settled in China. the days ________ which I lived here.the mnth ________ which I stayed there.________ which I spent 5 dllars.________ which I paid 5 dllars.________ which I learnt a lt.________ which Tm ften talks.（3） My cmputer，________ which I can’t surf the Internet，crashed yesterday.（4） This is the man ________ whm yu culd turn fr help.（5） She’s the very persn in ________ bag I fund my lst jurnal.
（1）I remember
（2）This is the bk
同义句转换（1） The date when I jined the army was Octber 12，1960.→ The date ________ ________ I jined the army was Octber 12，1960.（2） The huse where Mark lived is nw a library.→ The huse ________ ________ Mark lived is nw a library.（3） Is that the reasn why she suddenly changed her mind?→ Is that the reasn________ ________ she suddenly changed her mind?（4） The ld man has tw sns，and bth f them are lawyers.→ The ld man has tw sns，________ ________ ________ are lawyers.（5）［词汇复现］The building had been repaired，whse rf was destryed again in the big fire.→ The building had been repaired，________ ________ ________ ________was destryed again in the big fire.
n which
in which
fr which
Bth f whm
f which the rf/the rf f which
Let’s have a review1. China is widely knwn fr its ancient civilisatin which has cntinued all the way thrugh int mdern times ... (P62)2. Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times. (P62)3. Written Chinese has als becme an imprtant means by which China’s present is cnnected with its past. (P62)4. It dates back t several thusand years t the use f lnggu — ancient Chinese peple. (P62)5. Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. (P62)
relative prnuns 关系代词
wh (主语，宾语)whm (宾语) whse (定语)that (主语，宾语)
whse (定语)that (主语，宾语) which (主语，宾语)
1 Lk at these sentences and underline the restrictive relative clauses. What kind f infrmatin des each clause cmmunicate? ·It was a time when peple were divided gegraphically. ·Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. ·There are many reasns why peple learn a freign language. ·These were animal bnes and shells n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple.
Describe yur favurite things
·It was a time when peple were divided gegraphically. Infrmatin：a time fr an event when... gegraphically 是定语从句，修饰 a time，when 在从句中作时间状语。·Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. Infrmatin：a lcatin fr an event where... directin 是定语从句，修饰 ne unified cuntry，where 在从句中作地点状语。·There are many reasns why peple learn a freign language. Infrmatin：a reasn fr an actin ·why... language 是定语从句，修饰reasns，why 在从句中作原因状语。·These were animal bnes and shells n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple. Infrmatin：a lcatin fr an actin ·n which... peple 是“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰 animal bnes and shells，n which=n the animal bnes and shells。
Fill in the table t cmplete each phrase with a restrictive relative clause. Then use the phrases t make cmplete sentences.
When I started studying German，it was a struggle/ˈstrʌɡl/. The wrds felt strange n my tngue/tʌŋ/，and the grammar wuld nt stay in my head. I tld my mum that I wanted t give up，and that I wuld never live in a cuntry ________________ German was spken. My mum tld me that studying a language was nt just fr my future. It was exercise fr the brain； the mre I learnt f a language，the mre my brain wuld grw. And I remember that day ________________ I suddenly felt like German was n lnger a freign language. It felt like my brain had dubled in size. I had finally cme t a place ________________ I culd think in this freign language，and I culd see the wrld frm a different pint f view. I felt as if I had reached the gal ________________ I had been fighting fr. I culd pen a bk and see meanings，nt just a sea f wrds. I finally understd the reasn ____________my mum had encuraged me nt t give up. Thanks，Mum!
Cmplete the passage with the crrect relative adverbs r prnuns. Add a prepsitin where necessary.
where/in which
when/n which
where/at which
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.64When I started studying German，it was a struggle. 当我开始学习德语的时候，那是一件很难的事。1 struggle n. & vi.（1）n. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗；挣扎a pwer/leadership struggle权力的争夺 / 领导权的斗争a struggle fr independence争取独立的斗争the struggle between gd and evil善恶之争She will nt give up her children withut a struggle. 她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。
（2）vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗fr 为（争取）……而斗争/ 奋斗with/against 与……作斗争t d sth. 努力做某事t ne’s feet 挣扎着站起来a cuntry struggling fr independence 为独立而奋斗的国家She has been struggling against her illness fr many years. 她已经与疾病抗争了许多年。She’s struggling t bring up her children n a very lw incme.她以微薄的收入艰难地抚养自己的孩子。
单句语法填空（1）［2019·江苏卷］He struggled __________（explain）what he heard in his head.（2） It was ________ struggle fr the pr family t earn a living n the little farm.（3） The cuntry is struggling ________ peace.（4） Dina，________________（struggle）fr mnths t find a jb as a waitress，finally tk a psitin at a lcal advertising agency.完成句子（5） Man ________________________________（ 一直与……作斗争）nature.（6） Thugh he was badly injured，he ________________________（挣扎着站了起来）.
having struggled
has been struggling with/against
struggled t his feet
教材原句p.64 culd see the wrld frm a different pint f view. ……我能从不同的角度看这个世界。2 pint f view 观点；看法搭配：frm ne’s pint f view 依照某人的观点，在某人看来There are a number f different pints f view n this issue.关于这个问题有许多不同的观点。【归纳拓展】have/get a gd view f 好好欣赏/ 观看in ne’s view 按照某人的观点，在某人看来cme int view 进入视野Yu can hear the rar and see the mist rise int the air befre the falls cme int view. 瀑布尚未映入眼帘之前，你就可以听到怒吼般的水声，看到袅袅升至空中的雾气。
完成句子（1） I respect yur ________________（观点），but I’m nt sure I agree with yu.（2） _____________________________________________（在我看来），there is n way they can win.（3） Yu can ________________________（好好欣赏）the beautiful sunrise and sunset frm the windw.
pint f view
Frm my pint f view/In my view/In my pinin
have/get a gd view f
重点句式教材原句p.64 ... the mre I learnt f a language，the mre my brain wuld grw. ……我对一门语言学得越多，我的大脑就越发达。1 the+ 比较级，the + 比较级“the+ 比较级（+主语+谓语），the + 比较级（+主语+谓语）”意为“ 越……，就越……”。The mre he drank，the mre vilent he became. 他喝得越多，就变得越狂暴。The mre，the better. 多多益善。【学法点拨】在“the+ 比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语），the + 比较级（+ 主语+ 谓语）”结构中，第一个“the+ 比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句谓语用一般现在时表将来，第二个“the+ 比较级”中谓语用一般将来时。【归纳拓展】比较级+ and + 比较级mre and mre + 多音节形容词原级
单句语法填空（1） The ________（hard） yu wrk，the mre prgress yu will make.（2） The mre a persn ________（read），the wiser he r she will becme.（3） With the winter appraching，the day becmes shrter ________ shrter.完成句子（4） 越早越好。The sner，________________.（5） 你越小心，你犯的错误就越少。_________________________，the fewer mistakes yu will make.（6） 她发现那项工作越来越缺乏吸引力了。She fund the jb ________________ attractive.
The mre careful yu are
less and less
单元语法定语从句（Ⅱ）——关系副词的用法1 概述当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why。关系副词的作用如下：（1）指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；（2）在从句中充当句子成分——状语；（3）起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。There are ccasins when（n which） ne must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where（in which） I was brn. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reasn why（fr which） he refused ur ffer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
找出句中的关系副词及定语从句修饰的先行词（1） There was a time when I hated t g t schl.（2） It is a wrld f wnders，a wrld where anything can happen.（3） The reasn why he did nt cme is quite clear.
关系副词：when；先行词：a time
关系副词：where；先行词：a wrld
关系副词：why；先行词：the reasn
2 关系副词引导的定语从句（1）when 引导的定语从句when 表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词如time，day，week，year 等。There cmes a time when yu have t make a chice. 你必须作出抉择的时候到了。Gne are the days when they culd d what they liked. 他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。We’ll put ff the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better. 我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点儿。【误区警示】当先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when 引导，也可以用that 或which 引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用when 引导；若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that 或which 引导。Dn’t frget the time （that/which） I’ve tld yu. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。I can never frget the days when we wrked tgether. 我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
（2）where 引导的定语从句where 表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词如place，factry，huse，village 等，或表示抽象地点的名词如psitin，pint，case，stage，situatin，atmsphere 等。This is the village where he was brn. 这就是他出生的村子。Mary was wrking in Aubury，where she went daily in a bus.玛丽在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。【误区警示】当先行词是地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that 或which 引导定语从句。He wrks in a factry that/which makes TV sets.他在一家电视机厂工作。
（3）why 引导的定语从句why 表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reasn。We dn’t knw the reasn why he didn’t shw up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。【误区警示】若代替先行词 reasn 的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用 that 或 which 引导定语从句。The reasn that/which they tld yu is nt true. 他们给你的理由是不真实的。【学法点拨】关系代词与关系副词的选用
单句语法填空（1）We will never frget the day ________ we flew at an altitude f 6，000 meters in the sky.（2） Finally，we gt t a factry，________ many mbile phnes f high quality were prduced.（3） It’s helpful t put children in a situatin ________ they can see themselves differently.（4） This is the huse __________ was built by my grandfather frty years ag.（5） I dn’t knw the reasn ________ he didn’t turn t his gd friend fr help yesterday.（6） I wn’t listen t the reasn __________ yu have given us.
用恰当的关系代词或关系副词填空，并比较它们的句法功能（7） a. D yu still remember the days __________we chatted with each ther all night?b. D yu still remember the days __________we spent tgether n the farm?（8） a. This is the factry __________ I visited last year.b. This is the factry __________ he used t wrk.（9） a. Is this the museum __________ was built last year?b. Is this the museum __________ the exhibitin was held?判断正误（10）This is the muntain village where I visited last year. （ ）（11）This is the muntain village （that/which） I visited last year. （ ）（12）I will never frget the days when I spent in the cuntryside. （ ）（13）I’ll never frget the days （that/which） I spent in the cuntryside. （ ）
3 “介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句关系副词 when，where，why 引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+ 关系代词（which /whm）”代替。在“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which 或whm，不可用that 或wh。先行词指物时用 which，先行词指人时用 whm。when =at/in/during/n+whichwhere =in/at/n+whichwhy =fr+which（1）介词选择的三原则：一先、二动、三意义。① 一先：根据先行词的习惯搭配来确定。I’ll never frget the day n which I first met him. （表示具体的某一天，介词用n）The by pinted t the directin in which he wuld run. （“朝……方向”，介词用in）② 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来确定。This is nt the bk f which the teacher spke in class.（speak f 意为“谈论”，相当于talk abut）The tw things f which they felt prud were Jim’s gld watch and Della’s hair.（be/feel prud f 为固定短语，意为“以……自豪”）
【误区警示】有些含有介词的固定动词短语一般不能将介词分开放在关系代词前，如listen t，lk fr，care fr，hear frm，hear f，take care f 等。This is the watch which/that I am lking fr. （正确）This is the watch fr which I am lking. （错误）③ 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。The clrless gas withut which we cannt live is called xygen.这种无色的气体称为氧气，离开了它我们不能生存。
（2）“介词+ 关系代词”的结构①“介词+ which”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where 和why。I still remember the day n which（= when） I first came t schl. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。The factry in which（= where） I wrk is a large ne. 我工作的那家工厂是一个大工厂。②“介词+ which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句中的主谓常常要倒装。They arrived at a farm huse，in frnt f which sat a small by. 他们来到一处农舍，农舍前边坐着一个小男孩。③“不定代词或数词+ f + which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。China has a lt f islands，ne f which is Hainan Island. 中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。
④“介词+ which（指物）/whm（指人）”在定语从句中作目的、方式或地点状语。The man，frm whm I learned the news，is an engineer.这个人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。⑤“名词+ f which”代替“whse + 名词”在定语从句中作定语。I saw sme trees，the leaves f which（= whse leaves ） were black with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因患病而发黑。⑥ “介词+ which（指物）/whse（指人）”修饰后面的名词。It rained all night and all day，during which time the ship brke int pieces. 雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。
单句语法填空the day ________ which I settled in China. the days ________ which I lived here.the mnth ________ which I stayed there.________ which I spent 5 dllars.________ which I paid 5 dllars.________ which I learnt a lt.________ which Tm ften talks.（3） My cmputer，________ which I can’t surf the Internet，crashed yesterday.（4） This is the man ________ whm yu culd turn fr help.（5） She’s the very persn in ________ bag I fund my lst jurnal.
（1）I remember
（2）This is the bk
同义句转换（1） The date when I jined the army was Octber 12，1960.→ The date ________ ________ I jined the army was Octber 12，1960.（2） The huse where Mark lived is nw a library.→ The huse ________ ________ Mark lived is nw a library.（3） Is that the reasn why she suddenly changed her mind?→ Is that the reasn________ ________ she suddenly changed her mind?（4） The ld man has tw sns，and bth f them are lawyers.→ The ld man has tw sns，________ ________ ________ are lawyers.（5）［词汇复现］The building had been repaired，whse rf was destryed again in the big fire.→ The building had been repaired，________ ________ ________ ________was destryed again in the big fire.
n which
in which
fr which
Bth f whm
f which the rf/the rf f which
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