北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit2SUCCESSSectionⅢGrammar__动词_ing形式学案

Grammar——动词­ing形式

语法图解

探究发现

①Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.

②Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.

③I'm sorry for having kept you waiting so long.

④Seeing that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.

⑤Some teachers might be angry for not having been informed in advance.

[我的发现]

1．动词­ing形式由“do＋­ing”构成。

2．动词­ing形式的否定形式直接在前面加not。

3．动词­ing形式有一般式、完成式、一般被动式和完成被动式四种。

一、 概念

[即时演练1]　用所给动词的适当形式填空

①The young men rose and returned into the sitting room, while the old man, again apologizing (apologize), left by another door.

②I heard my parents quarrelling (quarrel) in the bedroom last night.

二、 用法

1．作状语

(1)doing表示主动的动作，可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时，表示顺理成章的结果。

Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.

发现车被偷了，她匆忙向警察求助。

(2)having done表示主动，该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。

Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.

意识到可以用风筝来吸引闪电，于是，我决定做个试验。

(3)having been done表示被动、完成的动作。

Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

长期与大陆分离，澳大利亚有许多其他国家没有的珍奇物种。

[即时演练2]　补全句子

①He ran too fast, falling to the ground.

他跑得太快了，结果摔倒在地上。

②Not having received any reply, he decided to write again.

没有收到任何回复，他决定再写一封信。

2．作定语

(1)doing表示主动的动作，如果是­ing短语，要置于所修饰的名词之后。

There were some children swimming in the river.

一些小孩在河里游泳。

(2)being done作后置定语，表示被动、且正在进行的动作。

The question being discussed at the meeting now is very important.

正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。

[即时演练3]　补全句子

①Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures forming in your mind instead of before your eyes.

读书是与看电视不同的体验。图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。

②The woman being interviewed is our English teacher.

正在接受采访的那位女士是我们的英语老师。

3．作主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语

(1)动词­ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream for the nation in modern times.

实现伟大复兴，就是中华民族近代以来最伟大的梦想。

(2)动词­ing形式作表语时，有两种不同含义。

My job is teaching.

我的工作是教书。(说明主语的内容)

The news is exciting.

这条新闻很振奋人心。(说明主语的性质)

(3)动词­ing形式可以作介词的宾语也可以作动词的宾语。

Have you considered making contributions to your hometown after graduation?

你考虑过毕业后为家乡做贡献吗？

(4)作宾语补足语时，表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态，那么，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。

The boy who was caught cheating in the exam will be punished.

那个考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。

[即时演练4]　补全句子

①Seeing it once is better than being told 100 times.

百闻不如一见。

②He is reading a book.

他正在读书。

③Nothing can stop the plan from being carried out.

什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。

④I can see some kids playing on the playground.

我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。

三、常见的后面接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词或短语

四、有关动词­ing形式的句型

spend some time doing sth　　　 花时间做某事

have fun/a good time/a bad time doing sth   做某事很(不)愉快

have (no) difficulty doing sth   做某事(没)有困难

catch sb doing sth   发现某人做某事

There is no point doing sth   做某事没有意义

There is no denying that ...   毋庸置疑……

It's no use/good doing sth   做某事没有用/没好处

be worth doing sth   某事值得(被)做

be busy doing sth   忙于做……

can't help doing   情不自禁做……

send sb doing sth. ...    使得某人做某事

sth needs doing   某事需要被做

end up doing sth   最终做某事

[即时演练5]　用所给动词的适当形式填空

①Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying (study)．

②With the midterm examination approaching, we are busy going (go) over what we've learned this term.

③Samuel can't help having (have) a big nose — it is typical of him to be curious about others' affairs.

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．He injured his hand while operating (operate) one of the machine tools in the workshop.

2．That very morning, not having received (not receive) the letter she awaited, she decided to come back.

3．Having failed (fail) my French exams, I decided to concentrate on science subjects.

4．You should know your own faults before blaming (blame) others for theirs.

5．He related to his wife some amusing (amuse) stories about his employer.

6．He managed to get away only after overcoming (overcome) one difficulty after another.

7．He is a warm­hearted man, responding (respond) to every plea.

8．I do not say more, relying (rely) on you as you may rely on me.

Ⅱ.补全句子

1．On the long journey he proved himself to be an amusing companion. (amuse)

在长途旅行中，他证明了自己是一位风趣的旅伴。

2．Suddenly a footman in livery came running out of the wood. (run)

突然有一个穿制服的听差从树林里跑出来。

3．Covering 840 square miles, the national park has beautiful lakes, mountains, and forests. (cover)

占地面积840平方英里，这个国家有湖泊、山脉和森林。

4．Having read page one, she turned over to page two. (read)

读完了第一页，她翻到了第二页。

5．Not having a good excuse for being late, she made up one. (not have)

迟到没有好的借口，她就胡编了一个。

6．As soon as they saw us coming, they turned tail and ran. (come)

他们一看见我们来了， 掉头就跑。

7．Having been thoroughly cleaned, the garden looked more beautiful than ever before. (clean)

经过彻底清扫之后，这座花园比以往任何时候都美。

8．Folk songs are unlimited in form and subject matter, ranging from very simple to relatively complex. (range)

民歌形式繁多、内容广泛，从十分简单的到相当复杂的事件，无所不包。

9．I was a shy person, and the thought of selling was the most frightening subject in the world. (frighten)

我是一个腼腆的人，对我而言营销是世界上最令人害怕的课程。

10．Having written an important letter, I listened to the music for a while.

写完一封重要的信后，我听了一会儿音乐。

Ⅲ.语法填空

Many of us have an opinion   1   what is the best year for music. Some people say it is 1824 because the composer Ludwig van Beethoven first   2   (perform) his Symphony No.9 in that year. Other people say the best year is 1969 because of the hit songs   3  (create) by the Beatles, and Elvis Presley. A UK radio station, Radio X, recently conducted   4   survey and found the best year for music is 1991 because of the   5  (succeed) of great music bands like the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Meanwhile, the reason for 1991 being the Radio X survey's best year for music could be the average age of the listeners of the station   6   were teenagers in 1991 and still have great memories of that year.

Dr Catherine Loveday, a psychologist, believes people are more likely   7  (have) a deeper impression of the songs they heard when they were teenagers, which   8  (accept) by more and more people now. “It is during these   9   (memory) years that we made many important life­changing decisions，” she said. She added that music can help us relax, so these songs   10  (natural) become embedded (嵌入的) in our important memories.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对音乐“黄金年”的不同看法及理由。

1．on/about/of　考查介词。人们对哪一年是音乐“黄金年”有不同的看法， have an opinion on/about/of sth是固定用法，意为“对某事的看法”。

2．performed　考查动词的时态。在1824，贝多芬演奏了《第九交响曲》，此动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。

3．created　考查非谓语动词。过去分词created 作后置定语，表被动，修饰hit songs，意为 “被……创作的热门歌曲”。

4．a　考查冠词。用不定冠词表示泛指，且 survey开头是辅音，故用冠词a。

5．success　考查词性转换。此处用名词形式作介词短语because of的宾语，表 “……的成功”。

6．who　考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，指代先行词listener，故用who。

7．to have　考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth是固定用法，意为“很可能做某事”。

8．is accepted　考查动词的时态和语态。which 指代上句的观点，与“accept”之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。且根据时间状语now可知时态是一般现在时。

9．memorable　考查词性转换。 修饰名词 years应用形容词memorable，意为“难忘的， 值得回忆的”。

10．naturally　考查词性转换。修饰动词become，应用副词naturally。