人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课后练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land课后练习题，共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分, 满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元素养评价(五)(Unit 5)
(120分钟　150分)
第一部分　听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text 1
W: It’s nearly 7. If you want to catch the 8 o’clock train, you’d better go now.
M: Don’t worry. I’ll drive to the station.
W: In that case, let me go with you and you drop me off at the city centre. ①I’ll go to the square market.
1. What will the woman probably do?
A. Catch a train. B. See the man off.
C. Go shopping.
答案: C
Text 2
M: I’m thinking about moving out of my place.
W: How come? Is it far from your workplace?
M: No. With three kids growing up and reaching school age, ②my house is too small.
2. Why does the man want to move?
A. To be near his office. B. To live in a bigger house.
C. To go to a good school.
答案: B
Text 3
M: It’s very cold in here. I’m going to turn the heater on to warm this place up a little.
W: Why do you think I’m drinking hot chocolate? ③Here, take this blanket. The heater isn’t working right now.
3. What will the man probably do to stay warm?
A. Use a blanket.
B. Turn on the heater.
C. Drink some hot chocolate.
答案: A
Text 4
W: English is an easy language to learn. Don’t you think so, ④ Daming?
M: ④I’m afraid it’s difficult for me, Susan. But my brother is good at it.
4. Who has difficulty in learning English?
A. Susan. B. Daming.
C. Daming’s brother.
答案: B
Text 5
W: When did the plane arrive?
M: At a quarter past eleven.
W: ⑤Do you think you’ll recognize Joe when you see him?
M: I don’t know. I haven’t seen him since he was 7. Time flies. Now 9 years have passed. My nephew must have changed a lot.
5. What are the two speakers doing now?
A. Waiting for someone at the airport.
B. Talking about their plan.
C. Booking tickets for their trip.
答案: A
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
Text 6
M: Wow! Nice place! I’ve never been to this part of town before.
W: Thanks. ⑥This area’s called the East End. It isn’t very central, but I chose it because I could afford more space here.
M: Yeah, ⑥you have a whole extra room!
W: I know! I use it for work.
M: I thought you worked in an office downtown.
W: My company lets me work one day a week from home.
M: Lucky! You’ve got a great boss and a great apartment. I’m so happy for you! Let’s celebrate! ⑦Let me take you to dinner.
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In an office downtown.
B. In an apartment downtown.
C. In an apartment in the East End.
答案: C
7. What does the man want to do now?
A. Get to work. B. Go to a restaurant.
C. Visit the woman’s company.
答案: B
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
Text 7
M: Hey, Helen! ⑧How about your interview for Cambridge?
W: Mm, not bad. They are satisfied with my academic records in Science.
M: I know you can conquer the teachers.
W: Thank you, Mike. Um, where do you want to study?
M: India.
W: Why in India? You want to major in Buddhism?
M: No. ⑨I want to be a computer programmer. So I’ve applied to the Indian Institute of Technology, which is one of the best universities for IT learners.
W: Yeah! That’ s your best choice. Hope you can make it.
M: Thank you.
8. Where does the woman want to study?
A. In the University of Cambridge.
B. In the University of Oxford.
C. In the Indian Institute of Technology.
答案: A
9. Which subject does the man want to major in?
A. Art. 　　　B. Buddhism. 　　C. Programming.
答案: C
听第8段材料, 回答第10～12题。
Text 8
W: Hello, may I speak to Mr Smith, please?
M: Speaking. Who’s calling? May I ask?
W: This is the Job Center. We have received your E-mail and there is a position which we think fit you well. ⑩A lab assistant is wanted in a middle school.
M: Can you tell me more about the job?
W: Well, a lab assistant is wanted in a college. It’s the kind of job you would like to do, ⑪as is mentioned in your E-mail.
M: Yes, I did put that in my letter.
W: Yes. They also need someone who knows how to maintain the equipment. So we think you are just the right person for the job.
M: What about the pay and work hours?
W: I am coming to that. The pay they have offered is satisfactory, but the work hours are a bit changeable. Sometimes early in the morning, sometimes late in the afternoon.
M: Well, I am interested in that. May I have some more details so that I can talk it over with my wife?
W: Why don’t you come over here at 10 a. m. tomorrow?
M: OK, ⑫see you tomorrow then. Bye!
10. Why did the woman call Mr Smith?
A. To recommend a job.
B. To maintain the equipment.
C. To work as a lab assistant.
答案: A
11. How did the Job Center get to know Smith?
A. Smith called the center.
B. Smith e-mailed the center.
C. Smith went to the center before.
答案: B
12. When will the man go to the center for details about the job?
A. Tomorrow morning.
B. This morning.
C. Tomorrow afternoon.
答案: A
听第9段材料, 回答第13～16题。
Text 9
M: ⑬Hello, Jane. This is Peter speaking.
W: Hi, how are you?
M: Fine. And I’ve got some great news for you.
W: Really? What’s it about?
M: I remember you are interested in watching golf games. The Houston Open will be running from May 26 to May 30. I’m sure you will be glad to watch the game.
W: Oh, that’s great. But just a moment, let me check. Ah. . . It is a pity that I can’t make it. ⑭I will be on business in China from May 25 to June 2.
M: Well, ⑭I’m sorry you have to be away on business then. Let me see.
⑮Another game, the US Open will be running from July 15 to July 18. How about that?
W: That’s great. I will be on my holiday then. ⑯It would be wonderful if we could watch the game together.
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On the phone. 　　　B. At Peter’s home.
C. In a gym.
答案: A
14. Why will the woman miss the Houston Open?
A. She will be having her holiday.
B. She will stay at home.
C. She will be on business abroad.
答案: C
15. When is the US Open running?
A. From May 26 to May 30.
B. From May 25 to June 2.
C. From July 15 to July 18.
答案: C
16. What would be wonderful for the speakers?
A. Being on a vacation.
B. Watching the game together.
C. Going to the US.
答案: B
听第10段材料, 回答第17～20题。
Text 10
　　One Sunday morning, I was dreaming of being asked to the office by the boss when I was woken up by a phone call. ⑰It was from a taxi driver. He told me he had my friend’s cellphone. My friend, Mike, had left it in the taxi the night before. The driver called me according to the call records.
　　It was a raining morning. For taxi drivers in this big city it was a big time. ⑱I told him there was a taxi centre not far away from my home. He could take it there. Then I quickly jumped out of bed and got dressed. ⑲When I walked there in half an hour, the driver had gone away. He didn’t leave anything except for the cellphone.
　　I was very happy for my friend. He moved to this city a few days ago, so I didn’t get time to visit him and therefore didn’t know where he was living. I e-mailed my friend telling him I had his phone. My friend was very excited to get back his cellphone. ⑳He said he would write it on his blog to search for the warm-hearted driver.
17. Who called Mike’s friend on a Sunday morning?
A. Mike. B. A taxi driver.
C. His boss.
答案: B
18. How did the taxi driver deliver the cellphone?
A. He mailed it to Mike.
B. He handed it to Mike’s friend.
C. He left it in the taxi centre.
答案: C
19. How did Mike’s friend get to the taxi centre?
A. He got there on foot.
B. He took a taxi.
C. He drove there.
答案: A
20. What would Mike do after getting the cellphone back?
A. Search for the driver in the taxi centre.
B. Contribute to a newspaper in search of the driver.
C. Search for the driver by posting a blog.
答案: C
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Our new childcare location in Scheveningen!
　　The center is surrounded by numerous international institutes and embassies and is conveniently located just 10 minutes from The Hague city center. You can easily pick up and drop off your child thanks to the many parking spaces close to the entrance.
Our services
　　Big Ben Kids provides day care, preschool care and after-school care. Our activity programme includes language lessons, violin lessons, guitar lessons and much more. Activities are held indoors, but can also be external, such as swimming in the river, and field trips to the woods. Children learn dancing, making music, and the native language—Dutch! They learn through play. Our curriculum is carefully designed in such a way that the children don’t even notice how much they learn each day. For them, it’s all about playing and having fun!
What does Big Ben Kids offer your family?
　　·Homelike environment
　　A warm and stimulating(趣味盎然的) atmosphere that allows children to grow and develop safely.
　　·A truly international place
　　Our staff members come from all over the world, just like the families we serve. We are therefore acutely aware that our centers should be much more than places that simply care for children. We always go the extra mile(加倍努力)to help families and try to bring everyone together to form a friendly international community.
　　·Healthy meals
　　At Big Ben Kids, we serve two warm, healthy, homemade meals each day. The snacks are nutritious as well, with lots of fruit and vegetables. Parents receive our menu every week in advance.
【文章大意】本文为一篇应用文。介绍了一家国际儿童托管中心的招生信息。
21. Where does the center probably lie?
A. Germany. 　 B. France.
C. Holland. D. Sweden.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据“Children learn dancing, making music, and the native language—Dutch! ”可知学生们在托管中心要学习本土语——荷兰语, 可以判断这个中心很可能位于荷兰。
22. Who is the center mainly intended for?
A. Foreign children. B. Preschool children.
C. Native children. D. Athletic children.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据“Our staff members come from all over the world, just like the families we serve”可知这个儿童托管中心主要是针对生活在本市的外国孩子开办的。
23. What are parents aware of about their children ahead of time?
A. What activities their children join.
B. What meals their children are served.
C. How their children perform in class.
D. Whether their children finish homework.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据“Parents receive our menu every week in advance”可知, 父母可以提前收到孩子们的菜单。由此可见父母对于孩子们在托管中心吃什么是非常清楚的。
B
　　Kar-go is the invention of the United Kingdom-based Academy of Robotics, which describes it as “Europe’s first road-worthy autonomous delivery vehicle”. Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app—similar to one used when ordering a taxi—allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered. Companies like Tesla and Amazon have invested heavily in autonomous vehicles, which have the potential to create a sea of changes in business and society.
　　 Resembling something like a green egg on wheels. Kar-go’s aim is to reduce the cost of what’s known as the “last mile delivery challenge”. This is the final stage of your online package’s journey, from a local warehouse to your front door. Labor costs, paying drivers, the cost of fuel and the vehicle costs for maintaining small vehicles all contribute to making this the most expensive part of the delivery process. The first part of the package’s journey is far cheaper, with high volumes of packages being transported to and from the same location. However, at the other end, drivers deliver smaller shipments to several different locations — where the recipient may not even be available to collect.
　　With the latest AI technology, Kar-go will deliver goods safely, sustainably and in style. The AI vehicle uses special technology to become an expert on its own individual route, learning from past experiences in order to help itself deal with new future obstacles(障碍物) on the road. Kar-go also has its very own internal sorting system, allowing the vehicle to transport packages in the correct order for delivery.
　　By 2030, the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders predicts the autonomous market could add￡62 billion in economic growth in the UK, creating more than 420, 000 new jobs. Electric, self-driving, economic and capable of working 24/7, Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%, providing an efficient solution to the rapidly-expanding online retail(零售)market.
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了号称欧洲第一款适于行路的无人驾驶运货车Kar-go, 重点从设计背景, 特点以及对未来网络零售市场的影响等方面做了简要说明。
24. From the first paragraph we know Kar-go ______.  
A. is an app used to order a taxi
B. is Europe’s first autonomous Vehicle
C. has created great changes in business and society
D. transports goods at customers’ convenience
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app—similar to one used when ordering a taxi—allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered. ”可知, 使用AI技术, 这款自动驾驶送货车给客户提供了一款类似于打车软件的应用程序, 从而使顾客可以决定其快递的投送时间和地点, 这为顾客带来极大便利, D选项符合文章描述。
25. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A. How Kar-go delivers the goods.
B. What challenges Kar-go may face.
C. How the drivers reduce delivery cost.
D. Why the last mile delivery is expensive.
【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知, 本段重点介绍了最后一英里运输成本为什么高。故D选项最合适。
26. What is the advantage of the AI technology used by Kar-go?
A. It has an advanced internal sorting system.
B. It enables vehicles to work more efficiently.
C. It makes a driver become an expert in traffic.
D. It helps people clean new obstacles on the road.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 该人工智能运货车可以使用特殊科技成为一个在自己运行路线方面的专家, 并能够从先前的经验中学习, 从而可以帮助它自己处理未来道路上的新障碍, 据此推断人工智能技术可以使Kar-go运货车的工作效率更高, 故B选项最合适。
27. What influence does Kar-go have on the UK?
A. It will create over 420, 000 jobs for drivers.
B. It will reduce the delivery cost by up to 90%.
C. It may contribute to the growth of online business.
D. It may make the UK lead in the autonomous market.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Kar-go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%, providing an efficient solution to the rapidly-expanding online retail market. ”可知, Kar-go运货车能够将最后一英里的货运成本降低90%, 从而有效地解决快速发展的在线零售市场的运输难题, 故C选项最符合题意。
C
　　In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18, 000 people who provided blood samples. Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did. The researchers then scanned participants, blood, looking for genes(基因) that are tied to an increased risk of obesity(肥胖). Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk.
　　Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI(体重指数) than those who didn’t. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti-obesity effect: jogging. Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog.
　　But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic risk of obesity.
　　Interestingly, several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. The findings don’t mean that these latter exercises can’t help with weight control. It’s just that they didn’t seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight.
There could be several reasons for this. The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk. In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite.
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。研究表明, 慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外, 爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于降低肥胖的风险。相反, 骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。
28. What does the underlined word“loathe”in the third paragraph mean?
A. Dislike. 　　　　 B. Display.
C. Disturb. D. Discourage.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说, 也不必担心”。故可判断loathe是“不喜欢, 讨厌”之意。
29. Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes?
A. Mountain climbing. B. Ballroom dancing.
C. Running slowly. D. Riding a bicycle.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. ”可知, 骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。
【易错点拨】A项具有较大的干扰性。原因是考生未能正确理解“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. ”, 本句的意思是“一些其他类型的运动不能抵抗肥胖基因风险, 包括骑自行车、做伸展运动及游泳”。但这并不等于说这些运动没有减肥效果。后面一句话“The findings don’t mean that these latter exercises can’t help with weight control”也清楚地说明了这一点。故A项不正确。
30. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?
A. Swimming doesn’t help one lose weight.
B. Diving may make a person eat more food.
C. Average people put less energy into exercises.
D. Stretching exercises will become popular.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite”可知水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动, 据此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。
31. Which of the following is the best title?
A. Jogging Less Leads to Genetic Obesity
B. Regular Exercises Tend to Lower BMI
C. Whether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity Genes
D. Genes Are Very Important for People’s Weight Control
【解析】选C。标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知, 本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险, 故C项是最佳答案。
D
　　The climate change has become an issue that no one can escape from. If the world wants to limit climate change, water shortage and pollution, we all need to choose “flexitarian (弹性素食的)” diets, say scientists.
　　This means eating mainly plant-based food, which is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all in 2050, they say. Food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve, according to the study. Without action, the impacts of the food system could increase by up to 90%. Fast on the heels of the landmark report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) comes this new study on how food production and consumption impact major threats to the planet.
　　The authors say that the food system has a number of significant environmental impacts including being a major driver of climate change, providing freshwater and reducing pollution through over use of nitrogen (氮) and phosphorus (磷).
　　The study says that thanks to the population and income growth expected between 2010 and 2050, these impacts could grow between 50%—90%. This could push our world beyond its geographic boundaries. So when it comes to climate change, the authors looked at what they called a “flexitarian diet”.
　　“We can eat a range of healthy diets but what they all have in common, according to the latest scientific evidence, is that they are all relatively plant-based, ” said lead author Dr. Marco Springmann from the University of Oxford.
　　“You can go from a diet that has small amounts of animal products; some might call it a Mediterranean-based diet; we call it a flexitarian diet. We tried to stay with the most conservative one of these which in our view is the flexitarian one, but even this has only one serving of red meat per week, ” he added.
　　If the world moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from agriculture would be reduced by more than half.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明, 弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。
32. What benefit will the new diets bring to the world?
A. The animals will be saved.
B. People will need more water.
C. The climate change will stop.
D. The pollution will be controlled.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“If the world wants to limit climate change, water shortage and pollution, we all need to choose ’flexitarian’ diets, say scientists. ”可知, 通过选择弹性素食饮食, 人们可以限制气候变化, 缓解水资源短缺并能减少污染。故选D。
33. What can be called a “flexitarian” diet?
A. Eat animal products every meal.
B. Eat plant-based vegetables every meal.
C. Eat mainly vegetables and never eat animal products.
D. Eat plant-based meal mainly and animal products sometimes.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You can go from a diet that has small amounts of animal products; some might call it a Mediterranean-based diet. . . but even this has only one serving of red meat per week”可知, 弹性素食饮食主要是以蔬菜为基础的饮食, 但每周至少也要吃一次红肉。由此可推知, 弹性素食饮食以蔬菜为主, 肉食为辅。故选D。
34. What will happen if the new diet is popular globally?
A. The climate will become warmer.
B. The food consumption will increase.
C. People will have less greenhouse gas.
D. People will produce more food waste.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“If the world moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture would be reduced by more than half. ”可知, 如果全球都采取这种饮食方式, 农业所产生的温室气体排放量将减少一半以上, 即温室气体的产生量会变得更少。故选C。
35. What is the attitude of the author to the new diet?
A. Supportive. 　　 B. Doubtful.
C. Opposed. D. Indifferent.
【解析】选A。观点态度题。通读全文可知, 文章主要介绍了弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。由此可推知, 作者对这种饮食方式是支持的。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Many people, including some successful men, wear the same clothing daily to focus their decision-making energy on more important things. 　36　 Julia, an art teacher, is wearing the same dress for the first 100 days of school to create awareness of the environmental costs of fast fashion.  
　　Available online or from various shops, it allows everyone to adopt the latest fashion trends instantly. Though that sounds like a win-win for all, the rapid change in styles and the affordable prices result in impulse(冲动)purchases, many of which are thrown away after being worn just once or twice. 　37　 
　　Julia’s idea for the“One Outfit(服装), 100 Days”began as a comment she made to her husband during the summer. 　38　 Moreover, it would serve as a great lesson for her new students. Selecting a perfect outfit for the challenge was a little tricky. After some consideration. Julia settled on a plain dress. Though she has a backup dress, Julia plans to use it only if absolutely necessary.  
　　　39　 It has also inspired some of her colleagues and her husband to take up the challenge. Julia says the experiment has forced her to rethink her attitude towards clothes. She values things more now—respecting the planet for her children and trying to value herself in a different way, as opposed to caring so much about what she looks like. 　40　 Reuse, recycle, and, most importantly, reduce.  
A. Julia is also tired of making decisions on small things.
B. The experiment has aroused curiosity of many students.
C. Julia’s “One Outfit, 100 Days” challenge, however, has a selfless aim.
D. Thanks to Julia’s idea, the whole school began to follow her challenge.
E. She hopes more people will learn from her and apply the 3Rs to their life.
F. Over 21 billion pounds of cloth ends up being waste yearly in the US alone.
G. Thinking further, she decided it would be a way to show her eco-friendly lifestyle.
【文章大意】本文为记叙文。介绍了一位艺术老师Julia“一百天, 一套衣服”的理念及其带来的改变和影响。
36. 【解析】选C。考查承上启下句。根据空前的“to focus their decision-making energy on more important things”和空后的“to create awareness of the environmental costs of fast fashion”可知, Julia的“一百天, 一套衣服”挑战不仅是为了把更多精力放在重要的事情上, 还是出于环保这一无私的目的。C项与上下文吻合, 为正确选项。
37. 【解析】选F。考查细节支撑句。根据空前的“impulse purchases, many of which are thrown away after being worn just once or twice”可知, 很多人冲动之下买来的衣服穿了一两次后就被扔掉, F项为这一行为的后果, 承接上文。
38. 【解析】选G。考查细节支撑句。空前提到“began as a comment she made to her husband during the summer”, G项“进一步思考后, 她决定这将是展现她环保生活方式的方法”承接上文, 且与空后的“Moreover, it would serve as a great lesson for her new students”吻合, 为正确选项。
39. 【解析】选B。考查细节支撑句。根据空后的“It has also inspired some of her colleagues and her husband to take up the challenge”可知, 此处在讲Julia的挑战的影响, 故B项符合语境, 下文中的also和experiment也是提示。
【易错点拨】本题易误选D项。该项中的“the whole school”与下一句中的“some of her colleagues”相矛盾。
40. 【解析】选E。考查细节支撑句。根据空后的“Reuse, recycle, and, most importantly, reduce”可知, 该空与3Rs有关, E项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　The Glover kids in Newburgh, New York, want to make a little extra money themselves before school opens. So, earlier this week, they set up a lemonade stand on the side of the road. 　41　 was good during the rush hour, at which point some police officers pulled up, and 　42　 Whitney Glover, mother of the young enterprisers, that some 　43　 person had called to make complaints about kids’ selling lemonade.  
　　Now, in most stories, that’s when the police 　44　 the stand, telling kids to take a food handling course, and get a 　45　 from the related department. Then the children go home completely 　46　, for their enterprise is broken. But not in this 　47　. The police officers said the kids weren’t doing anything wrong, 　48　 creating a bit of a traffic jam, and their motivation should be 　49　. The kids also promised to make 　50　 to their schedule to avoid traffic problems. After 　51　 for a photo with the kids, they left. Whitney posted the picture on social media with explanatory words.  
　　The 　52　 story has created a great deal of local 　53　 and the lemonade business is now booming. Dozens of customers have 　54　 for lemonade. “Every single time you buy a glass, children look amazed by the 　55　 of time and efforts to coins in their hands, ”Whitney said.  
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文, 主题语境是“人与自我”。一群孩子摆摊卖柠檬水, 有人举报, 警察去了以后并没有责令孩子们撤掉摊位或者处罚他们, 而是鼓励了他们的创业精神。
41. A. Progress　　　　 B. Business
C. Budget D. Purpose
【解析】选B。结合语境可知, 在上下班高峰期生意(Business)不错。
42. A. demanded B. proposed
C. warned D. informed
【解析】选D。根据下文中的“that some ______person had called to make complaints about kids’ selling lemonade. ”可知, 警察通知(informed)孩子们的母亲, 有人投诉孩子们的摊位。 
43. A. bitter B. generous
C. anxious D. responsible
【解析】选A。根据下文中的“make complaints about kids’ selling lemonade” “creating a bit of a traffic jam”可知, 打电话投诉的人对孩子们在上下班高峰期摆摊感到愤愤不平。bitter在此处表示“愤愤不平的”。
44. A. take over B. leave out
C. shut down D. drive away
【解析】选C。结合语境以及下文的“Then the children go home. . . their enterprise is broken”可知, 通常在这时, 警察会让孩子们的摊位停止营业(shut down)。take over”接管”; leave out“遗漏, 不包括”; drive away“赶跑(某人)”。
45. A. course B. permit
C. fund D. record
【解析】选B。根据空后的“from the related department”可知, 此处表示告诉孩子们从有关部门取得一张许可证(permit)。
46. A. surprised B. frightened
C. depressed D. confused
【解析】选C。根据语境可知, (如果)孩子们的生意被迫停业, 他们会很沮丧地回家。depressed“沮丧的”。
47. A. context B. case
C. reason D. respect
【解析】选B。根据下文中的“The police officers said the kids weren’t doing anything wrong”可推测, 警察并没有让孩子们停止营业, 所以此处表示上文提到的事在这种情况(case)下并没有发生。
48. A. other than B. instead of
C. as for D. due to
【解析】选A。除了(other than)造成一点交通拥挤之外, 孩子们并没有做错什么, 而且他们的积极性应该被赞扬(celebrated)。
49. A. managed B. prevented
C. celebrated D. reflected
【解析】选C。celebrate在此处表示“赞扬, 赞美, 歌颂”。manage“管理”; prevent“阻止”; reflect“反映”。
50. A. contributions B. differences
C. objections D. adjustments
【解析】选D。结合上文提到的交通拥堵和空后的“their schedule to avoid traffic problems”可知, 孩子们承诺会对营业时间作出调整(adjustments)以避免造成交通问题。
51. A. posing B. accounting
C. preparing D. searching
【解析】选A。根据下文中的“posted the picture on social media”可知, 此处表示警察摆姿势(posing)和孩子们合照。pose“(为画像、摄影)摆好姿势”。
52. A. refreshing B. moving
C. amusing D. convincing
【解析】选A。根据上文信息可知, 这件事跟通常的情况不同, 所以说这是一个令人耳目一新的(refreshing)故事。
53. A. apology B. change
C. support D. discussion
【解析】选C。根据下文中的“the lemonade business is now booming”可知, 孩子们得到了当地人的大力支持(support)。
54. A. stood out B. stood by
C. stopped out D. stopped by
【解析】选D。人们纷纷顺路过来买柠檬水。stand out“出色, 杰出, 更为重要”; stand by“袖手旁观”; stop out“夜里很晚不回家”; stop by“顺便拜访, 顺路探望”。
55. A. transformation B. devotion
C. attachment D. supplement
【解析】选A。结合语境可知, 此处表示孩子们看到自己的时间和努力转变为手中的硬币很惊喜。transformation“转变”。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　For many children in the US, going back to school means more than returning to classes. It means getting back to student 56. ________(organize) interested in environmental sustainability. Sustainability involves everything from stopping food waste and 57. _______(choose) products from organic material to organizing campaigns for cleaner oceans.  
　　April Peebler is the executive director(执行董事)of a California-based group
58. _______(call)Heirs To Our Oceans. She said that more and more young people are 59. __________(active)participating in sustainability issues. Fifteen-year-old Hannah is one of them. When she was 10 years old, she and some friends started
60. __________ anti-plastic campaign on the Internet. They urged Americans to tell the restaurant Dunkin’ Donuts about their demand 61. __________ recyclable cups.  
　　Perhaps the most famous teenage environmental activist is 16-year-old Greta Thunberg of Sweden, 62. __________ motivated others to launch climate change strikes around the world last year. The girl is also a member of the Food Recovery Network, the 63. __________(large)of the student-led movements fighting food waste and hunger in America. Students at colleges connected with college dining halls, and local shelters to make sure surplus food 64. __________(give) to those in need. Regina Anderson is the group’s executive director. She says students
65. __________ (recover) 3. 9 million pounds of food so far this year.  
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。许多青少年现在不只关心自己的学业, 更关心环境的可持续性。
56. 【解析】organizations。考查名词。根据语境可知, 此处指学生组织, 且无限定词修饰, 应用相应名词的复数形式, 故填organizations。
57. 【解析】choosing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 空处与前面的stopping并列, 作介词from的宾语, 故应用choosing。
58. 【解析】called。考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知, 此处为非谓语动词作定语, group与call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用过去分词called。
59. 【解析】actively。考查副词。空处修饰动词, 故用所给词的副词形式actively。
60. 【解析】an/their。考查冠词。campaign表示“运动”为可数名词, 且此处表泛指, 又因修饰词anti-plastic以元音音素开头, 故填不定冠词an。此处也可用their表示“他们的”。
61. 【解析】for。考查介词。根据句意可知, 此处表示他们对可回收杯子的需求。demand for sth. 表示“对……的需求/需要”, 为固定搭配。
62. 【解析】who。考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代前面的Greta Thunberg, 且在从句中作主语, 故填who。
63. 【解析】largest。考查形容词最高级。根据语境可知, 此处表示最大的, “the+形容词最高级+of+the+复数名词”在……中最……”, 故填largest。
64. 【解析】is given。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境和前面的动词时态可知, 此处为一般现在时, 且food为不可数名词, 与give之间是被动关系, 故填is given。
65. 【解析】have recovered。考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句中的“She says”和从句中的“so far this year”可知, 从句应用现在完成时, 从句主语students为复数, 故填have recovered。
第四部分　写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　假定你是李华, 元旦在即, 你们班要举行元旦晚会, 特邀你们的外教老师Paul参加。请给他写一封邮件, 内容包括:
　　1. 时间和地点;
　　2. 节目介绍;
　　3. 希望他表演节目。
注意:
　　1. 词数80个左右;
　　2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Paul,
　　As New Year is coming, I’m honored to invite you to attend our New Year’s party on behalf of my class, which will be held at 7: 30 next Friday night in our classroom.
　　At the party, we students will display talents for singing, dancing, magic shows, etc. You can enjoy beautiful songs both in Chinese and English, cross talks, as well as Chinese folk dances, which are your favorite. Knowing you’re good at singing, we’re all looking forward to your wonderful performance then.
　　We can’t wait to see you!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
　　阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
　　Nearly one billion of the world’s people do not have enough supply of water, and most of these people are in the world’s developing nations. The lack of enough water services is the cause of many diseases in the developing nations. Increased demand and great use of water (as caused by population increase) often create the need for extra water treatment because water in new source areas tends to be of lower quality. Water services would be improved if the construction of the facilities were not so costly.
Water pollution in the developing nations is sometimes caused by overuse of fertilizers and a general lack of pollution prevention laws. Access to good wastewater treatment facilities in these countries is very limited. As a result, bodies of water in the developing nations are often used as sewers open for human and animal waste products.
　　 In the developing nations, floods account for about 40 percent of all deaths caused by natural disasters. For example, 3. 7 million people were killed in a 1931 flood on China’s Yangtze River. However, floods also carry sediment and nutrients into floodplains. This natural process is important for agricultural production. Programs for flood management should consider and balance these harmful and beneficial aspects of floods.
　　 Throughout the developing countries, deforestation (滥伐森林) is being caused by a combination of overpopulation, improper land use practices, and lack of environmental laws. Soil erosion(侵蚀) is a natural process, but deforestation and other human activities have led to a five-times increase in the average levels of sediment carried in the world’s rivers. Excess sediment in rivers can damage ecosystems and fisheries, affecting the people who directly depend on them.
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【参考范文】
　　The lack of enough water services in the developing nations leads to many diseases. (要点1)Water pollution results from overuse of fertilizers and a general lack of pollution prevention laws. (要点2)Floods can cause many deaths, but floods can also carry nutrients into floodplains. (要点3)Overpopulation, improper land use practices, and lack of environmental laws contribute to deforestation, which can result in excess sediment. (要点4)
【教师备选】读后续写
　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　A tornado(龙卷风)hit a small town nearby leaving many families completely destroyed. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the most difficult period to appeal to people’s attention and assistance.
　　One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a simple mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article that went with the picture gave the clothing size of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that sizes of the family closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves.
　　“We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing. ” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them. ”I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys.
　　The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too, ”I said to the little Meghan.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右;
　　“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them, ”Meghan turned to me. _______________
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　　Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. ____________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
　　“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them, ” Meghan turned to me. “Oh, honey, ”I said. “You don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much. ”Meghan nodded seriously, eyes glistening with tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make that little girl happy, too. ”She paused in front of the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy’s flat face, gave her a final kiss, then laid her gently on top of the other toys. The boys watched, open-mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box.
　　Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had bought on sale last week. I believed the young woman in the picture would like it and fit it as much as I did. The boys had also been inspired by our behavior and carried their beloved things. We all wished the family could pass the difficult period as soon as possible and that they would love the things we gave them with all our heart.