高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课后测评

三　Unit 1　Using Language

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. Only when theories (theory) are combined with practice can we know how they work.

2. Einstein’s most famous theory is what we call the Theory of Relativity(relative).

3. Geniuses (genius) are supposed to be odd and hopelessly impractical.

4. The mother held the baby in her arms and kissed him gently (gentle).

5. His wealth enabled him to pursue his passionate(passion) interest in art.

6. Teaching year after year,  he gradually (gradual) accumulated much experience.

7. A university is an educational institution (institute) which awards degrees and carries out research.

8. Time and time again she was warned of the consequence (consequent) of her action.

9. In spite of the fact that he was not a trained economist,  his achievements were remarkable (remark).

10. Despite the hardship he encountered (encounter),  Mark never abandoned the pursuit of knowledge.

Ⅱ. 选词填空

1. I’m interested in insects, and beetles in particular.  

2. She is often mistaken for her twin sister.  

3. It is not so helpful to give someone some bread as to teach him how to make a living.  

4. My sister told me Sherlock Holmes was based on a real person.  

5. Over the past decade,  China has made great achievements in its manned space program.  

6. As a consequence of his hard work,  he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.  

7. The president of the World Bank said he had a passion for China.  

8. It is our duty to make contributions to our motherland.  

9. This is my personal experience summed up in this year’s work and learning.  

10. He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.  

Ⅲ. 根据汉语提示补全句子

1. Mark Twain, who was a famous American author,  wrote The Million Pound Bank Note.  

马克·吐温, 一位著名的美国作家, 写了《百万英镑》。

2. While working in the factory,  he was an advanced worker.  

在工厂工作时, 他是一名先进工人。

3. Although she is 84 years old,  my grandma is in good health.  

我外婆虽然已经84岁了, 但身体很好。

4. It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days.  

据报道一两天内气温将急剧下降。

5. We doubled our efforts, each man working like two.  

我们加倍努力, 每个人干两个人的活。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

(2021·天津高二检测)

Weekly culture& leisure(娱乐) guide (April 17-21)

Superstars of modern Chinese ink art shine in Nanjing

9: 00-12: 00,  Monday;  9: 00-17: 00,  Tuesday to Sunday

Nanjing Museum, Zhongshan Donglu,  Xuanwu district,  Nanjing

025-8480-7923

The exhibition presents 158 signature works by eight of the most influential ink painting masters of modern China,  including Qi Baishi (1864-1957),  Pan Tianshou (1897-1971),  and Xu Beihong (1895-1953). Their works are officially rated as national treasures,  and their painting styles and artistic thoughts have had a far-reaching impact on younger generations of Chinese ink painters.

Wu Guanzhong’s grand survey exhibition at Tsinghua Art Museum

9: 00-17: 00,  Tuesday to Sunday

NO. 1,  Tsinghua University Campus,  Haidian district,  Beijing

010-6278-1012

Regarded as one of the most forward-looking artists in China,  Wu first attended the China Academy of Art in the 1930s in Hangzhou,  East China’s Zhejiang province,  and then lived and studied in France,  where he was exposed to different art movements in Europe.

The exhibition ends on May 3,  2020.

Rhinoceros in Love celebrates its 20th birthday in Beijing

Apr. 10-March 5

Fengchao (Honeycomb) Theater,  No.  3,  Xinzhongjie,  Dongzhimenwai Dajie,  Dongcheng district

86-10-6416-9253

Acclaimed as “the Bible of love for young people”,  Rhinoceros in Love by China’s avant-garde theater director Meng Jinghui will be staged in Beijing from Feb. 10 to March 5 to celebrate its 20th birthday since its 1999 premier in the Chinese capital.

As one of Meng’s beloved experimental works,  the play tells a triangle love story in which a young man named Ma Lu falls in love with a woman named Mingming and tries everything he can to win her heart. But after he fails,  Ma,  like a stubborn rhinoceros(犀牛),  goes to an extreme by kidnapping Mingming in the name of love.

【文章大意】文章介绍了 4月17至21日, 每周的文化和休闲活动。

1. You can call 010-6278-1012 for more information about______.  

A. Wu Guanzhong’s exhibition

B. A newest movie

C. Rhinoceros in Love birthday celebration

D. Modern Chinese ink art show

【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据“Wu Guanzhong’s grand survey exhibition at Tsinghua Art Museum”部分“010-6278-1012”可知想了解更多关于吴冠中展会的信息, 你可以拨打电话010-6278-1012。故选A。

2. You can go to Wu Guanzhong’s exhibition at Tsinghua Art Museum on　　 

A. June 1st, 2020 　　　B. December 12th, 2019

C. July 7th, 2020       D. April 20th, 2020

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据这篇文章的标题Weekly culture& leisure guide (April 17-21)(4月17至21日, 每周的文化和休闲指南)和“Wu Guanzhong’s grand survey exhibition at Tsinghua Art Museum”部分“The exhibition ends on May 3,  2020. ”(展览将于2020年5月3日结束。)其他选项都不在这个时间范围内, 只有D选项(2020年4月20日)在这个时间范围内。故选D。

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. You can only see three famous ink painting masters’ works at the exhibition in Nanjing Museum.

B. Wu Guanzhong lives in Beijing all his life.

C. Wu Guanzhong’s exhibition is at Tsinghua Art Museum.

D. In Rhinoceros in Love,  Mingming stubbornly falls in love with Ma Lu.

【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据“Wu Guanzhong’s grand survey exhibition at Tsinghua Art Museum”小标题可知吴冠中的展览在清华美术馆举行。C选项描述正确。故选C。

B

(2021·昆明高二检测)

Chinese people had never paid more attention to the annual Nobel literature award than they did when Mo Yan became China’s first winner of the prize.

The effect has not disappeared. Tourists continue to rush to Mo’s home village in Gaomi,  Shandong province,  which has become a tourist site since the author was awarded Nobel Prize. Visiting the village is to walk into the world he created in Red Sorghum Clan,  one of his best-known novels,  adapted for the award-winning film Red Sorghum in 1987.

About 210 hectares of red sorghum(高粱) is ready for harvesting,  recalling this scene. Mo wrote in the novel:  “In the deep autumn of the eighth month under a high,  clear sky,  the land is covered by sorghum that forms a wild sea of blood. When the sun comes out,  the surface of the sea shimmers(闪光),  and heaven and Earth are painted with rich,  wonderful colors. ”

Locals have planted the sorghum for the film of the novel’s TV adaptation.  But while the sorghum fields disappeared after the film was made,  this time they may remain. “We have signed long-term contracts to sell sorghum to wine producers, ”said Zhang Xinfu,  head of Xianjia village,  Mo Yan’s hometown is in the area. “Dozens of wine producers came to discuss the sorghum business after Mo Yan won the prize, ” said Zhang. Zhang said the wine producers promised to pay a satisfying price for the sorghum.

【文章大意】本文为说明文。中国人对莫言获诺贝尔文学奖非常关注。自从莫言被授予诺贝尔奖以来, 游客们相继奔向山东省高密市的莫言的故乡, 这里已经成为旅游景点, 参观这个村庄是为了走进他在红高粱家族中创造的世界, 而且葡萄酒生产商也慕名而来做生意。

4. What happened to Mo Yan’s home village after he won the Prize?

A. The house of Mo’s at his home village was rebuilt for tourism.

B. The local people at Mo’s home village welcomed the tourists.

C. Many tourists rushed to Mo’s home village to show respect and interest.

D. Mo’s home village remained what it used to be.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一和第二段内容可知, 中国人对莫言获诺贝尔文学奖非常关注。自从莫言被授予诺贝尔奖以来, 游客们相继奔向山东省高密市的莫言的故乡, 这里已经成为旅游景点, 参观这个村庄是为了走进他在红高粱家族中创造的世界。由此可知C项(许多游客涌向莫的家乡, 以表示尊敬和兴趣。)故选C。

5. The underlined word “adapted” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.  

A. settled         B. designed

C. re-organized    D. written

【解析】选C。词义猜测题。第二段中说这是他最著名的小说之一, 获奖电影《红高粱》根据他的小说而改编。分析选项adapted意为重新组合, 故选C。

6. Which season was it when the passage was written?

A. Autumn.    B. Winter.

C. Spring.      D. Unknown.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Mo wrote in the novel:  “In the deep autumn of the eighth month . . . blood. ”可知, 写的是秋天这个季节。

7. According to the text,  we can infer that the wine producers bought sorghum from Mo’s home village for ______.  

A. the fame of Mo Yan

B. A travel website

C. the lower price　

D. A geography textbook

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一部分 “葡萄酒生产商在莫言获奖后来这儿做生意。在电影拍完后他们与当地村民签订合同”, 由此可推断出这些葡萄酒生产商是慕名而来的, 分析选项可知A项正确。

Ⅱ. 语法填空

Dogs are often called “man’s best friend” and make ideal pets.

1. ______ most attractive quality of a dog is its faith in its owner. They always greet us when we come home and they will never leave us even 2. ________a desperate situation. For example,  there was a very sick man and his dog barked and barked until the rescue team 3. __________ (arrive).  

Furthermore,  dogs are strong animals 4. __________ will protect us. Houses with dogs are considered much 5. ________ (safe) than those with burglar alarms (防盗警报器). Not only will they stop thieves,  6. _______ they will also guard against fire. For example,  there was a serious fire and a dog managed 7. __________ (pull) its owner out.  

And 8. __________ (final),  dogs can be trained by people. Dogs can do a number of things that people can not. For example,  they can find drugs,  bodies,  illegal DVDs and hunt down prisoners　with 9. __________ (they) nose. They’re also used to help the elderly and disabled.  

To sum up,  dogs are really friendly,  civilized (文明的) and loyal 10. ______ (partner).  

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 狗是人类的好朋友, 它们为人类看家护院; 被训练以后的狗还可以承担起很多其他的任务, 狗是人类的忠实伴侣。

1. 【解析】The。考查定冠词。句意: 狗最有吸引力的品质是对主人的忠诚。通常在形容词最高级前面加定冠词the表示特指, 句中most是最高级, 所以要在前面填The。

2. 【解析】in。考查介词。句意: 当我们到家的时候, 它们总会问候我们, 也从来不会让我们处于绝望的境地。名词situation通常和介词in连用, 构成短语in a . . .  situation处于……情景中。所以要填in。

3. 【解析】arrived。考查时态。句意: 例如, 有一个病重的人, 他的狗一直在叫直到救援队到达。本句中介绍过去发生的事情, 要用一般过去时, 所以要填arrived。

4. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。句意: 而且, 狗是强壮的能够保护我们的动物。本题定语从句的先行词是animals, 用关系代词that/which指代先行词, 引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以要填that/which。

5. 【解析】 safer。考查比较级。句意: 有狗的家被认为比那些安装防盗警报器的家要安全得多。句中空格后有比较级的标志词than。所以要填比较级safer。

6. 【解析】 but。考查连词。句意: 狗不仅可以阻止小偷还可以防火。短语not only. . . but also. . . 连接两个并列结构句, 所以要填but。

7. 【解析】to pull。考查固定搭配。句意: 例如, 曾经有过一起严重的火灾, 一只狗把主人成功地从火灾里拉了出来。动词短语manage to do sth. 设法成功做某事, 不定式to do作动词manage的宾语。所以要填to pull。

8. 【解析】finally。考查副词。句意: 最后, 狗可以被人类训练。副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子; 形容词通常作定语或表语修饰名词和代词, 句中副词位于句首作状语修饰整个句子。所以要填finally。

9. 【解析】their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意: 例如, 狗可以用它们的鼻子寻找毒品、尸体、非法光盘以及追踪囚犯等。句中形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名词nose。所以要填their。

10. 【解析】partners。考查名词单复数。句意: 总之, 狗是人类非常友好、文明、忠诚的伴侣。本句主语是复数名词dogs, 句中也应使用复数名词partners与之呼应。所以要填partners。

Ⅲ. 应用文写作

根据下面内容写一篇80个词左右介绍科学家情况的短文:

　　1. 众所周知, 科学家对世界做出了巨大贡献;

　　2. 就我个人而言, 科学家是那些对工作严格要求、专心于科学事业的人;

　　3. 他们对他们得出的结论非常谨慎;

　　4. 他们反复实验, 认真分析, 检验他们提出的科学理论;

　　5. 他们坚信只有当理论以事实为基础才有意义。

核心要点提示:

　　①make a contribution to/make contributions to

　　②be strict with;  be absorbed in

　　③be cautious about; draw a conclusion

④analyse carefully to test the theory they put forward

　　⑤be based on; only when. . .

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

　　As is known to us,  scientists have made great contributions to the whole world.  As far as I’m concerned,  scientists are strict with their work and absorbed in scientific researches.  They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw.  They do experiments again and again and analyse carefully to test the theory they put forward.  They firmly believe that only when a theory is based on facts does it make sense.

Ⅰ. 完形填空

(2021·杭州高二检测)

You just can’t imagine what a brave mother is like. She was a mother of three,  who just 　1　 an earthquake,  couldn’t tell if her children were 　2　 for help. Or what if you knew you couldn’t yell at her for help because she couldn’t 　3　 you?  That was what happened to Connie and her three children 　4　 the 6. 1-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa,  California. Connie is 　5　 and communicates with her children using sign language.  

At midnight,  Connie and her three children were　6　 on the first floor of their two-story home. She and her 16-year-old son,  Juan,  were shaken awake. Instantly,  they realized there were no disaster supplies downstairs. Connie,  also

　7　one-month-old Raul and 8-year-old Adriana,  called Juan to come close to her in the darkness and 　8　 for him to go upstairs to get a 　9　 .  

Juan slowly　10　 the stairs. He heard a loud creak (嘎吱声). Arriving on the top floor,  he moved quickly but 　11　 to get what he needed. Using the flashlight to guide his steps back 　12　 the stairs,  the family was able to take a few items from the first floor and 　13　. Their home was almost in ruins.  

Being deaf was not deterrent (妨碍物) for this 　14　 mother. The family made it to the 　15　 safely,  which comforted everyone.  

1. A. experienced　　　　　　B. dreamed

C. avoided                  D. reported

2. A. turning around          B. standing by

C. running away             D. crying out

3. A. see                   B. hear

C. forgive                  D. reach

4. A. when                 B. after

C. unless                  D. before

5. A. blind                 B. deaf

C. old                     D. sick

6. A. alone                 B. awake

C. alive                   D. asleep

7. A. chatting to            B. playing with

C. focusing on             D. running after

8. A. signed               B. phoned

C. shouted                D. explained

9. A. helper               B. flashlight

C. box                   D. suitcase

10. A. mopped             B. examined

C. climbed                D. left

11. A. carefully            B. regularly

C. bravely                D. hurriedly

12. A. up                 B. above

C. under                 D. down

13. A. stay                B. return

C. flee                   D. cry

14. A. famous             B. skillful

C. ordinary               D. determined

15. A. darkness            B. shelter

C. ruins                  D. stairs

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一位聋哑妈妈, 在经历地震时, 临危不惧, 救了一家人的故事。

1. 【解析】选A。句意: 她是一位三个孩子的母亲, 刚刚经历了一场地震, 不知道她的孩子们是否在呼救。根据“the 6. 1-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa,  California”可知, 此处指刚刚经历了地震。故选A。

2. 【解析】选D。句意: 她是一位三个孩子的母亲, 刚刚经历了一场地震, 不知道她的孩子们是否在呼救。根据for help可知, 她不知道她的孩子们是否在呼救。故选D。

3. 【解析】选B。句意: 或者, 如果你知道因为她听不到你的声音, 你不能向她大声呼救, 又会怎样? 根据下文“Connie is______ and communicates with her children using sign language. ”可知, 这位母亲听不见声音。故选B。 

4. 【解析】选A。句意: 当加州纳帕发生6. 1级地震时, 康妮和她的三个孩子就发生了这样的情况。分析句子可知, 本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选A。

5. 【解析】选B。句意: 康妮是个聋哑人, 她用手语和孩子们交流。根据“communicates with her children using sign language”可知, 这位母亲是聋哑人。故选B。

6. 【解析】选D。句意: 午夜时分, 康妮和她的三个孩子在他们两层楼房的一楼熟睡。根据“She and her 16-year-old son,  Juan,  were shaken awake. ”可知, 康妮和她的三个孩子在他们两层楼房的一楼熟睡。故选D。

7. 【解析】选C。根据“one-month-old Raul and 8-year-old Adriana”, 可知, 康妮的注意力还集中在一个月大的劳尔和8岁的阿德里亚娜身上。故选C。

8. 【解析】选A。根据上文“communicates with her children using sign language”可知, 此处指康妮示意胡安上楼去拿手电筒。故选A。

9. 【解析】选B。根据下文“Using the flashlight”可知, 示意他上楼去拿手电筒。故选B。

10. 【解析】选C。句意: 胡安慢慢地爬上楼梯。根据上文“go upstairs”可知, 胡安慢慢地爬上楼梯。故选C。

11. 【解析】选A。句意: 到了顶楼, 他迅速而小心地去拿他需要的东西。 根据语境可知, 发生了地震且根据“moved quickly but”可知, 他迅速而小心地去拿他需要的东西。故选A。

12. 【解析】选D。句意: 他用手电筒指引他走下楼梯, 一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出来。上文说胡安爬上楼梯, 取了东西, 所以此处指下楼梯。故选D。

13. 【解析】选C。句意: 他用手电筒指引他走下楼梯, 一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出来。根据“Their home was almost in ruins. ”可知, 一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出来。故选C。

14. 【解析】选D。句意: 对这位坚定的母亲来说, 耳聋并不是障碍。根据上文“You just can’t imagine what a brave mother is like. ”可知,  对这位坚定的母亲来说, 耳聋并不是障碍。故选D。

15. 【解析】选B。句意: 这家人安全到达了避难所, 这让每个人都感到欣慰。根据“which comforted everyone”可知, 这家人安全到达了避难所。故选B。

Ⅱ. 阅读理解

　　“How do you account for your remarkable accomplishment in Queen Victoria of the UK? ” asked Helen Keller. “How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf you were able to accomplish so much? ”

Ms Keller’s answer is a tribute (致敬) to her dedicated teacher. “If it had not been for Anne Sullivan,  the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown. ”

According to speaker Zig Ziglar,  “Little Annie” Sullivan,  as she was called when she was young,  was no stranger to hardship. She was almost sightless herself and was,  at one time,  diagnosed as hopelessly “insane” by her caregivers. She was locked in the basement of a mental institution outside of Boston. On occasion,  Little Annie would violently attack anyone who came near. Most of the time she generally ignored everyone in her presence.

An elderly nurse believed there was hope,  however,  and she made it her mission to show love to the child. Every day she visited Little Annie. For the most part,  the child did not acknowledge the nurse’s presence,  but she still continued to visit. The kind woman left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement. She believed Little Annie could recover,  if only she were shown love.

Eventually,  doctors noticed the change in the girl. Where they once witnessed anger and hatred,  they now noted a gentleness and love. They moved her upstairs where she continued to improve. Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless’’ child was released.

Anne Sullivan grew into a young woman with a desire to help others as she herself was helped by the kind nurse. It was she who saw the great potential in Helen Keller. She loved her,  disciplined her,  played with her,  pushed her and worked with her until the flickering candle that was her life became a beacon of light to the world. Anne Sullivan worked wonders in Helen’s life;  but it was a loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a compassionate teacher.

“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan,  the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown. ” But if it had not been for a kind and dedicated nurse,  the name of Anne Sullivan would have remained unknown.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被一度认为有精神问题的安妮·莎利文, 在一位护士的关心与爱护下, 慢慢恢复健康, 并且重新点燃了海伦·凯勒生命的灯塔。通过这个故事, 文章告诉我们爱的力量是伟大的。

1. The dialogue between Queen Victoria and Helen Keller is mentioned mainly to______.  

A. show a deep admiration for Helen Keller

B. prove that Helen Keller made a great contribution

C. begin telling the story of Helen Keller’s teacher Anne Sullivan

D. get the reader interested in how Helen Keller achieved so much

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“How do you explain . . . so much? ”(你如何解释尽管你看不见听不到却能取得如此大的成就这一事实)和第二段的“Ms Keller’s answer . . . unknown. ” (凯勒女士的回答是对她具有献身精神的老师的致敬。“如果没有安妮·莎利文, 海伦·凯勒的名字可能永远都不会为人所知。”)可以推测, 引用海伦·凯勒和维多利亚女王的对话是为了引出她和老师安妮·莎利文之间的故事。C项符合以上推测, 故选C。

2. What is the hardship mentioned in the third paragraph?

A. Sullivan had a strange disease.

B. Almost everyone ignored Sullivan.

C. Sullivan was kept away from her parents.

D. Sullivan was believed to have a mental problem.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“She was almost sightless . . . caregivers. ”(她自己几乎失明, 并且一度被她的看护者诊断为无可救药的“精神错乱者”)可知, 莎利文经历的困境是她被认为精神有问题。D项符合以上说法, 故选D。

3. What can we conclude from the article?

A. Sullivan liked the nurse from the very beginning.

B. Sullivan experienced firsthand how terrible the life of a deaf child was.

C. The elderly nurse had no doubt that Sullivan would be a great teacher.

D. Without the nurse,  Sullivan couldn’t have helped Helen Keller later.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“Anne Sullivan worked wonders. . . teacher. ”(安妮·莎利文在海伦·凯勒的一生中创造了奇迹; 但是首先是一位慈爱的护士相信了小安妮, 并慈爱地把一个沉默寡言的孩子变成了一位富有同情心的老师)可推测, 如果没有这位护士, 就不会有安妮·莎利文, 那么她也不能帮助到海伦·凯勒。D项符合以上推测, 故选D。

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the article?

A. The Power of Love

B. Making a Difference

C. The Secret to Being a Good Teacher

D. Similarities Between Anne and Helen

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容, 尤其是文章第四段的“She believed Little Annie. . . love. ”(她相信小安妮会康复, 如果给予她爱)和第六段的“She loved her,  . . . the world. ”(她爱她, 管教她, 同她玩耍, 督促她, 和她一起工作, 直到她生命中闪烁的蜡烛变成了世界的灯塔)可知, 本文主要讲述爱的力量可以让人变得更好。A项可以作为本文标题, 故选A。