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2020-2021学年Unit 1 Friendship复习ppt课件
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这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 1 Friendship复习ppt课件
必修一 Unit 1 Friendship1．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。2．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得很清楚，以前(有那么一段时间)，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未使我心迷神往过。3．It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...这是我一年半以来第一次目睹这样的夜晚……4．Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.虽然我试着去和班上的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。[考题回放·2011郑州质检]请根据下面两幅图画用英语写一篇短文，描述自己家乡的变化，并谈谈自己的看法。注意：1．词数：100左右；2．可以适当发挥，以使短文连贯；3．开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。This summer, I went to my hometown and found it changed a lot.In the past，____________________________________________________________________________________[优秀范文]This summer, I went to my hometown and found it changed a lot.In the past, my hometown was a very beautiful one.A river running through our village used to be very clean with many fish in it.Tall and straight trees, beautiful flowers and green grass could be seen everywhere.People lived a poor but simple life.Nowadays, however, with the development of modern society, people are living a “happy” life.Many tall buildings are found on both sides of the river, but the river has been badly polluted.More boats can be seen on the river, but there are few fish swimming in it.The living environment is becoming worse andworse!I think it's time that we should take action and do something to protect our living environment.1．________vt. & vi.使不安；使心烦adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的2．________vt.涉及；关系到 n．关心；关注；(利害)关系3．________vt.不理睬；忽视4．________adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定5．________adj.松的；松散的；松开的6．________n．黄昏；傍晚7．________adj.整个的；完全的8．________n．连续，系列9．________adv.在户外；在野外10．________n．能力；力量；权力11．________n．伙伴；合作者，合伙人12．________vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历13．________vi. & vt.安家；定居；使定居；解决14．________vt. & vi.痊愈；恢复15．________n．十几岁的青少年16．________vi.不同意17．________n. & vt.不喜欢，厌恶18．________adv.确实如此19．________adj.感激的20．________vi. & n．打雷；雷声[答案]1.upset 2.concern 3.ignore 4.calm 5.loose 6.dusk7．entire 8.series 9.outdoors 10.power 11.partner12．suffer 13.settle 14.recover 15.teenager 16.disagree17．dislike 18.exactly 19.grateful 20.thunder1．add ________to合计2．________down平静下来；镇定下来3．be concerned________关心；挂念4．go ________经历；经受5．set ________放下；记下；登记6．________purpose故意7．________dusk在黄昏时刻8．________longer/not...any longer不再9．get/be tired________对……厌烦10．________along with与……相处；进展11．hide ________躲藏；隐藏12．a ________ of一连串的；一系列；一套13．in ________to 为了……14．face________face面对面地15．suffer________遭受；患病16．pack(sth.)________将(东西)装箱打包17．________in love with sb.与……相爱18．join ________参加，加入19．________from从……中康复20．take notice ________注意[答案]1.up 2.calm 3.about 4.through 5.down 6.on 7.at 8.no 9.of 10.get 11.away 12.series 13.order 14.to 15.from 16.up 17.fall 18.in 19.recover 20.of1．upset vt.使不安；使心烦 adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的upset the plan 搅乱了计划upset the cup 打翻了杯子It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是……It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼be upset about 对…… 感到心烦①It upset him that his father was ill.让他心烦的是他父亲生病了。②The bad news upset me.那则坏消息使我心烦意乱。③Don't be upset yourself about it—no harm has been done.不要为那事烦恼，没有造成损失。④She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.他的不辞而别让她心情沮丧。【巧学助记】【即境活用1】The big forest fire in Sichuan ________ the local people.A．attended B．heldC．upset D．mixed[解析]upset使难过，使心烦。attend出席；hold召开；mix混合。[答案]C①If the tea is too strong，add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了，再加点开水。②Add up all your marks to see if they add up to more than 500.把你所有的得分加起来看看是否超过500分。③The bad weather adds to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。④He added that he was satisfied with the talk.他补充说他对会谈很满意。【即境活用2】The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games ________ the confidence of the Chinese athletes.A．added up B．added toC．resulted from D．made of[解析]add to增添，符合句意。add up加起来；result from起因于；make of由……做成。[答案]B3．point n．点；精髓；要点 v．指出，强调；表明，指向carry/gain one's point说服别人接受自己的论点to the point紧扣主题；中肯；切中要害in point of fact事实上；实际上if/when it comes to the point到必须采取行动时；到做决定时on the point of doing sth.正要做某事时make a point of doing sth.认为做某事重要或有必要There is no point(in) doing sth.做某事没有用处point at/to指着；指向point out指出①His speech was short and to the point.他的讲话简明中肯。②He said he would pay，but in point of fact he had no money.他说他付钱，可实际上他并没有钱。③I was on the point of going to bed when you rang.你来电话时我正要睡觉。④I must point out that further delay would be unwise.我必须指出再延误就要吃大亏了。【即境活用3】(2010·安徽合肥市质检)Ladies and gentlemen.Let's keep the meeting short and to the ________ so as not to waste everyone's time.A．opinion B．noteC．key D．point[解析]to the point切中要害，紧扣主题，固定搭配。[答案]D4．concern n．关心，关系，关切的事，忧虑 v．涉及，与……有关，影响；使关心concern oneself with/in/about sth. 忙于；从事as far as...be concerned 就……而言concerned adj. 担心的；烦恼的concerning prep. 关于……with concern 关切地be concerned about/for/over＝be worried about＝care about 为……担心；关心……①There is no need to concern yourself with this matter，we are dealing with it.你不用管这事了，我们正在处理。②As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，the more equipped for life you are.就我来说，教育就是学习，而且你学得越多，对生活准备得就越充分。③We are all concerned for her safety.我们为她的安全担忧。④Which seems to be reasonable according to the report concerning drinking water？根据这篇和饮用水有关的报告，哪一项似乎有道理呢？【即境活用4】(2010·烟台市诊断)In recent years ________ global warming is becoming ________ concern for people all over the world.A．the；the B．/；aC．/；/ D．the；/[解析]第一空前不需冠词，第二空为“数量1”。[答案]B5．share v. & n．共享，共用；股，分得的一份share sth. with sb. 和某人分享/合用share (in) sth. 分摊；分享；共同负担take a share of sth. 分担；分享①Everyone who helped gets a share in the profits.凡是帮过忙的就得到一份利润。②I'll share a room with my sister.我将和姐姐住一个房间。③He shares my fears about a possible war.他和我一样害怕有可能发生战争。【即境活用5】The 2010 Shanghai World Expo suggested that the world ________ the same dream “Better City，Better Life”．A．shared B．spared C．cared D．suffered[解析]share共享，共有，符合句意。spare挤出；care关心；suffer遭受。[答案]A6．habit n．习惯；习性form the habit of... 养成……习惯fall/get into the habit of 染上……习惯be in the habit of 处于……习惯中get sb. into the habit of 使某人养成……的习惯get out of/kick/give up the habit of 戒除……的习惯do sth. out of habit 做某事是出于习惯①I only do it out of habit.我做这事只是出于习惯。②He's not in the habit of drinking a lot.他不习惯于多喝酒。③I've got into the habit of switching on the TV as soon as I get home.我已养成一到家就打开电视机的习惯。④I've got out of the habit of having a cooked breakfast.我已不再保持早餐吃热食的习惯。【即境活用6】(2010·河北唐山第一次调研)Are you in ________ habit of watching Chinese football？If you are，you will know ________ China's football world is terrible.A．the；/ B．the；theC．a；the D．/；/[解析]in the habit of处于……的习惯中；第二空不需冠词。[答案]A7．settle vt.决定；解决，定居于 vi.居住，定居于Let's settle the date of the next meeting!我们来商定下次集会的日期吧！settle down 安坐，使安坐；安居；习惯于某种生活或工作；认真，全身心地做事settle to sth.(＝get down to sth.)着手认真干某事settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)settlement n．解决；定居settler n．移居者；殖民者settled adj.稳定的；习惯的【即境活用7】As soon as the passengers ________ themselves in their seats，the bus started moving.A．sat B．settledC．took D．put[解析]settled安顿下来。[答案]B8．suffer v．遭受；忍受；经历(1)suffer vt.遭受，蒙受；后常跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词。(2)suffer vi.后常跟介词from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦，患某种疾病”。(3)sufferer n．患病者，受苦者，受难者(3)suffering n．(指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦，疼痛，困难If we didn't pay enough attention to the protection of land，we would suffer hunger sometime in the future.如果我们对土地没有足够的保护，将来的某个时候我们会挨饿的。【即境活用8】Owing to the drought，the farmers ________ a lot.A．is suffered B．sufferedC．was suffered D．was suffered from[解析]suffer无被动语态，故B项正确。[答案]B①He ignored all the “No Smoking”signs and lit up a cigarette.他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示，点了支香烟。②I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。③She ignored him and carried on with her work.她没理他，继续干她的活。④He's completely ignorant about modern technology.他对现代科技一无所知。【即境活用9】—Tom is always saying I'm ugly，Mom.—Just ________ him.You are the most beautiful in my eyes.A．ignore B．leaveC．refuse D．miss[解析]ignore不理睬，忽视。[答案]A10．calm adj.平静的；镇静的 vt.(使)平静，(使)镇定①He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him down.他太激动了，我们必须想办法使他平静下来。②Calm down.There is nothing to worry about!安静下来吧，没有什么可担忧的。③He kept calm in face of great danger.面临巨大危险，他还是保持镇静。④He took a deep breath to calm himself.他深吸一口气使自己平静下来。【易错辨析】calm，quiet，silent，still(1)calm意思是“风平浪静的；镇静的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。The police chief advised his men to stay/keep calm and not to lose their tempers.警长劝手下人要保持冷静，不要发脾气。(2)quiet意思是“安静的；无动静的”，指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼焦虑。They moved to the countryside and lived a quiet life.他们搬到农村过着安静的生活。(3)silent意思是“寂静的；沉默不语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。She kept silent about the matter.她对此事保持沉默。(4)still意思是“静止的；不动的”，指没有运动。Children find it difficult to sit still for a long time.孩子们发现很难长时间坐着不动。【即境活用10】Please keep ________ while I take a photograph of you.A．still B．calmC．quiet D．silent[解析]keep still保持静止不动。[答案]A11．disagree v．不同意What he said disagreed with what he did.他言行不一。(1)disagree with 与……不一致，不符；不同意某人的话；(天气等)不适宜disagree on 在某方面意见不合；有分歧disagree on/about 就……争论，争执(2)agree with 同意某人的话；适宜；符合，一致agree to 同意建议，意见，计划agree on 对某事双方取得一致agree to do 同意做某事【即境活用11】Though I disagree ________ you ________ this point，I will try my best to help you.A．with；on B．on；withC．to；on D．with；to[解析]disagree with sb. on sth.与某人就……争执。[答案]A1．set down记下；放下①He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.他要根据记忆把事实写下来。②He set down the heavy box and rested for a while.他放下沉重的箱子歇了一会儿。③The driver set her down at the station.司机让她在车站下了车。set aside：留出；拨出；把……置于一旁set off：出发；动身；使爆炸set back：回拨；阻碍set about：开始；着手set out：出发；动身；打算；开始set free：释放set up：开办，建立set about doing：开始做某事set out to do sth.开始，着手做某事【即境活用12】(2010·山东实验中学高三模拟)Having decided to rent a house，we ________ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.A．set about B．set downC．set up D．set out[解析]set about doing开始做某事。[答案]A2．go through经受；经历；仔细检查；用完；通过①The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.那可怜的少女自从父母去世后经历了许多痛苦。②She went through the room but couldn't find the missing ring.她搜遍了整个房间还是找不到丢失的戒指。③He has gone through all his money.他的钱都花光了。go about着手干；四处走动；(故事等)流传go against反对；违背；对……不利go over检查；复习go on with sth.继续go without sth.没有……而勉强应付；没有……也行go away/out离开；出去go after sb./sth.追求某人/谋求某事go ahead毫不犹豫地进行go in for参加(考试或比赛)；爱好go wrong/mad出毛病/疯了【即境活用13】(2010·济南统考)The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they ________ his bag，but found nothing.A．looked up B．turned inC．searched for D．went through[解析]go through仔细搜查。look up查找；turn in上交；search for寻找。[答案]D3．on purpose故意地，有意地She seems to do these things on purpose.她似乎是有意地做这些事。【即境活用14】—Look！The telephone is broken.Someone damaged it___ purpose.—That may be right.But perhaps it was broken _______ accident.A．on；by B．by；byC．on；on D．by；on[解析]on purpose故意地；by accident偶然地。[答案]A4．get along/on with与……相处；进展She's never really got along/on well with her sister.她与妹妹老是不能和睦相处。get about/around (消息)传开get...across 讲清楚；(使)被领会get away from... 离开；脱身get...back 收回，找回get...down 记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧get down to(doing) sth. 认真做，开始着手做get over... 克服，摆脱get through... (电话)接通；用完；通过get rid of 消灭，除掉get in 收割，收进【即境活用15】(2010·北师大附中模拟)Anyone who breaks the law could hardly ________it.A．throw away B．get awayC．break away from D．get away with[解析]get away with因做……而逃避惩罚。[答案]D5．a series of一连串的；一系列；一套a series of books 系列丛书a series of exams 一连串的考试a series of meetings 一系列的会议【易错提示】series单复数同形，“a series of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“two/three series of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【即境活用16】The reporter has written ________ articles about air pollution，hoping to call the attention of all people to the problem.A．a series of B．a great deal ofC．a plenty of D．a large amount of[解析]a series of一连串的。[答案]A6．in order to为了……(后跟动词原形)He started early in order to catch the train.为了赶火车他很早就出发了。in order not to do sth. 为了不做某事in order for sb. to do sth. 为了让某人做某事in order thatclause 为了/以便so that 为了/结果是，后跟从句so as to do sth. 为了做某事【易错提示】in order to 与so as to都可以表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首。两者都可以转换成由in order that/so that引导的状语从句。【即境活用17】All these gifts must be mailed immediately ________ in time for Christmas.A．in order to have received B．in order to receiveC．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving[解析]句子的主语与receive之间为动宾关系，故C项正确。[答案]C7．join in参加；加入(后跟活动项目)Let's join in their game.咱们加入他们的游戏吧。join hands with sb. 与某人携手/合伙join sb. in (doing sth.) 加入某人(做某事)的行列join the Party 入党join up with sb./sth. 和某人/物连起来join...to 把……连起来【即境活用18】(2010·绍兴一中第一次高考模拟)The girl on the bus began to sing a pop song and soon all the others ________.A．joined B．joined inC．attended D．took part[解析]join in加入某种活动。[答案]B1．While_walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时，你太粗心，狗一松就被车撞上了。【考点归纳】(1)while walking the dog是while引导的现在分词短语作状语，这是一种省略形式相当于while you were walking the dog。(2)在when，while，if，as if，as，where，unless等词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又与主句主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。(3)某些句式经过长期发展而约定俗成地成为固定搭配。如：if possible如果可能的话when/where necessary必要的时候/地方as...as possible尽可能……if only要是……就好了What if/though要是/即使……怎么样？What/How about…？……又怎么样呢？Why not…？为什么不呢？①When in Japan，I took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多美丽的照片。②If not for you，we would not go there.要不是为了你，我们就不用去那儿了。③Though small，the room is clean and tidy.房间虽小，但清洁整齐。④I won't go unless invited.除非受邀，否则我不去。【即境活用19】(2010·南京市高三质量检测)If ________ in wet sand，the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time.A．being buried B．having buriedC．buried D．burying[解析]If buried in wet sand为If the vegetables are buried in wet sand的省略。[答案]C2．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道是不是因为自己长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。【考点归纳】此句中的It's...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：(1)强调句型的基本结构：“It is/was＋被强调的成分＋that/who＋其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。(2)在强调“not...until”结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It＋is/was＋not until...＋that＋该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。(3)英语中常用助动词do，does或did强调谓语。①It is I who/that am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。②When is it that we will have a meeting?我们什么时候开会？③It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他是著名的影星。④It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。(强调句)【易错提示】强调句的特殊疑问句形式：Who is/was it that...？(此句式中的that不宜用who)When is/was it that...?Where is/was it that...?How is/was it that...?Why is/was it that...?【即境活用20】It is in that poor village，_______Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，_______she will build her first school，which inspires everyone to help her.A．where；when B．that；thatC．that；when D．where；that[解析]第一空为where引出定语从句，第二空为that引出强调句。[答案]D3．...；it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……；这是一年半中我第一次与黑夜面对面……【考点归纳】It/This is/was the first time that...意为“是某人第一次……”，如果谓语动词是is，that后的句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时；如果谓语动词是was，that后面的句子的谓语动词用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have been to London.这是我第一次到伦敦。It was the first time that I had seen such a wonderful thing.这是我第一次看见这么好的东西。【思维拓展】(1)It's time for sb. to do sth. ＝It's time that sb did/should do sth.某人该做某事了。(2)the first time第一次，常作连词，后接时间状语。(3)for the first time第一次，用作介词短语，单独作状语。【即境活用21】This is the first time we ________ a film together as lovers.A．see B．had seenC．saw D．have seen[解析]This is the first time后的句子用现在完成时。[答案]D4．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得很清楚，以前(有那么一段时间)，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未使我心迷神往过。【考点归纳】There was a time when...以前有那么一段时间……；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。There was a time when my father worked in Boston and came home only on weekends.曾经有那么一段时间，我父亲在波士顿工作，只在周末回家。【思维拓展】time后跟从句的常用结构：at the time you are working在你工作的时间by the time we reached home到我们回到家的时候last time I was there我上次在那儿的时候every time I saw her每次我见到她It's time that...到了……的时候，that从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气。①It's time we were going.我们该走了。②It's high time we took action.真到了我们该采取行动的时候了。【即境活用22】There was a time ________ I lived peacefully on the farm.A．when B．thatC．which D．where[解析]There was a time when...以前有那么一段时间；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。[答案]A5．Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.虽然我试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。【考点归纳】本句中it为形式宾语，不定式短语to make good friends with them作真正的宾语。当不定式或that从句作find的宾语而且后面带有宾语补足语时，一般用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面。有这种用法的词除了find外，还有think，make，leave，consider等。①You may find it hard to accept your illness.你可能觉得难以接受自己患病。②I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.我已经讲得很清楚，任何人不准在这儿吸烟。③I think it best that you should stay here.我想你最好待在这里。④I leave it to you to judge.我把它留给你判断。【思维拓展】find后面常跟复合宾语，其宾语补足语多为形容词、非谓语动词、名词、介词短语等，构成“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。即：find＋sb./sth.＋adj./p.p./n./to do/doing/prep.phrase。①The child was finally found safe and sound.小孩最终被找到了，安全无恙。②I didn't expect to come home and find him gone.我没料到回到家却发现他已经走了。③I suddenly found myself running down the street.我发现自己突然在街上跑了起来。④She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。【即境活用23】The chairman thought ________ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A．that B．itC．this D．him[解析]句意：主席认为有必要邀请史密斯教授在会上讲话。it是形式宾语，代替真正的宾语to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting。[答案]B单项填空解题技巧一——注意排除思维定势的干扰在学习过程中，同学们做了相当多的习题，因此对有些类型的题目会产生思维定势。当碰到一些已经产生了变化的新题目时，如果不作分析而凭经验，想当然，势必会出错。因此做题时必须注意排除思维定势的干扰。例：(2010·上海高考)That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.A．reducing B．to reduceC．reduced D．reduce[解析]本题学生容易受思维定势影响，误认为imagine后用ving的形式；而该题空白处并非imagine的宾语，句中we can imagine为定语从句修饰先行词the way，将其删除可知空白处为动词不定式作the way的后置定语，故B项正确。[答案]B【即境活用24】I agreed with her on the way she put forward ________ the young trees.A．to protect B．protectC．protecting D．protected[解析]she put forward为定语从句，修饰the way，将其删除后，可知空白处应采用不定式形式作后置定语，修饰the way。[答案]A
必修一 Unit 1 Friendship1．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。2．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得很清楚，以前(有那么一段时间)，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未使我心迷神往过。3．It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...这是我一年半以来第一次目睹这样的夜晚……4．Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.虽然我试着去和班上的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。[考题回放·2011郑州质检]请根据下面两幅图画用英语写一篇短文，描述自己家乡的变化，并谈谈自己的看法。注意：1．词数：100左右；2．可以适当发挥，以使短文连贯；3．开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。This summer, I went to my hometown and found it changed a lot.In the past，____________________________________________________________________________________[优秀范文]This summer, I went to my hometown and found it changed a lot.In the past, my hometown was a very beautiful one.A river running through our village used to be very clean with many fish in it.Tall and straight trees, beautiful flowers and green grass could be seen everywhere.People lived a poor but simple life.Nowadays, however, with the development of modern society, people are living a “happy” life.Many tall buildings are found on both sides of the river, but the river has been badly polluted.More boats can be seen on the river, but there are few fish swimming in it.The living environment is becoming worse andworse!I think it's time that we should take action and do something to protect our living environment.1．________vt. & vi.使不安；使心烦adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的2．________vt.涉及；关系到 n．关心；关注；(利害)关系3．________vt.不理睬；忽视4．________adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定5．________adj.松的；松散的；松开的6．________n．黄昏；傍晚7．________adj.整个的；完全的8．________n．连续，系列9．________adv.在户外；在野外10．________n．能力；力量；权力11．________n．伙伴；合作者，合伙人12．________vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历13．________vi. & vt.安家；定居；使定居；解决14．________vt. & vi.痊愈；恢复15．________n．十几岁的青少年16．________vi.不同意17．________n. & vt.不喜欢，厌恶18．________adv.确实如此19．________adj.感激的20．________vi. & n．打雷；雷声[答案]1.upset 2.concern 3.ignore 4.calm 5.loose 6.dusk7．entire 8.series 9.outdoors 10.power 11.partner12．suffer 13.settle 14.recover 15.teenager 16.disagree17．dislike 18.exactly 19.grateful 20.thunder1．add ________to合计2．________down平静下来；镇定下来3．be concerned________关心；挂念4．go ________经历；经受5．set ________放下；记下；登记6．________purpose故意7．________dusk在黄昏时刻8．________longer/not...any longer不再9．get/be tired________对……厌烦10．________along with与……相处；进展11．hide ________躲藏；隐藏12．a ________ of一连串的；一系列；一套13．in ________to 为了……14．face________face面对面地15．suffer________遭受；患病16．pack(sth.)________将(东西)装箱打包17．________in love with sb.与……相爱18．join ________参加，加入19．________from从……中康复20．take notice ________注意[答案]1.up 2.calm 3.about 4.through 5.down 6.on 7.at 8.no 9.of 10.get 11.away 12.series 13.order 14.to 15.from 16.up 17.fall 18.in 19.recover 20.of1．upset vt.使不安；使心烦 adj.心烦意乱的；不适的；不舒服的upset the plan 搅乱了计划upset the cup 打翻了杯子It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是……It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼be upset about 对…… 感到心烦①It upset him that his father was ill.让他心烦的是他父亲生病了。②The bad news upset me.那则坏消息使我心烦意乱。③Don't be upset yourself about it—no harm has been done.不要为那事烦恼，没有造成损失。④She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.他的不辞而别让她心情沮丧。【巧学助记】【即境活用1】The big forest fire in Sichuan ________ the local people.A．attended B．heldC．upset D．mixed[解析]upset使难过，使心烦。attend出席；hold召开；mix混合。[答案]C①If the tea is too strong，add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了，再加点开水。②Add up all your marks to see if they add up to more than 500.把你所有的得分加起来看看是否超过500分。③The bad weather adds to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。④He added that he was satisfied with the talk.他补充说他对会谈很满意。【即境活用2】The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games ________ the confidence of the Chinese athletes.A．added up B．added toC．resulted from D．made of[解析]add to增添，符合句意。add up加起来；result from起因于；make of由……做成。[答案]B3．point n．点；精髓；要点 v．指出，强调；表明，指向carry/gain one's point说服别人接受自己的论点to the point紧扣主题；中肯；切中要害in point of fact事实上；实际上if/when it comes to the point到必须采取行动时；到做决定时on the point of doing sth.正要做某事时make a point of doing sth.认为做某事重要或有必要There is no point(in) doing sth.做某事没有用处point at/to指着；指向point out指出①His speech was short and to the point.他的讲话简明中肯。②He said he would pay，but in point of fact he had no money.他说他付钱，可实际上他并没有钱。③I was on the point of going to bed when you rang.你来电话时我正要睡觉。④I must point out that further delay would be unwise.我必须指出再延误就要吃大亏了。【即境活用3】(2010·安徽合肥市质检)Ladies and gentlemen.Let's keep the meeting short and to the ________ so as not to waste everyone's time.A．opinion B．noteC．key D．point[解析]to the point切中要害，紧扣主题，固定搭配。[答案]D4．concern n．关心，关系，关切的事，忧虑 v．涉及，与……有关，影响；使关心concern oneself with/in/about sth. 忙于；从事as far as...be concerned 就……而言concerned adj. 担心的；烦恼的concerning prep. 关于……with concern 关切地be concerned about/for/over＝be worried about＝care about 为……担心；关心……①There is no need to concern yourself with this matter，we are dealing with it.你不用管这事了，我们正在处理。②As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，the more equipped for life you are.就我来说，教育就是学习，而且你学得越多，对生活准备得就越充分。③We are all concerned for her safety.我们为她的安全担忧。④Which seems to be reasonable according to the report concerning drinking water？根据这篇和饮用水有关的报告，哪一项似乎有道理呢？【即境活用4】(2010·烟台市诊断)In recent years ________ global warming is becoming ________ concern for people all over the world.A．the；the B．/；aC．/；/ D．the；/[解析]第一空前不需冠词，第二空为“数量1”。[答案]B5．share v. & n．共享，共用；股，分得的一份share sth. with sb. 和某人分享/合用share (in) sth. 分摊；分享；共同负担take a share of sth. 分担；分享①Everyone who helped gets a share in the profits.凡是帮过忙的就得到一份利润。②I'll share a room with my sister.我将和姐姐住一个房间。③He shares my fears about a possible war.他和我一样害怕有可能发生战争。【即境活用5】The 2010 Shanghai World Expo suggested that the world ________ the same dream “Better City，Better Life”．A．shared B．spared C．cared D．suffered[解析]share共享，共有，符合句意。spare挤出；care关心；suffer遭受。[答案]A6．habit n．习惯；习性form the habit of... 养成……习惯fall/get into the habit of 染上……习惯be in the habit of 处于……习惯中get sb. into the habit of 使某人养成……的习惯get out of/kick/give up the habit of 戒除……的习惯do sth. out of habit 做某事是出于习惯①I only do it out of habit.我做这事只是出于习惯。②He's not in the habit of drinking a lot.他不习惯于多喝酒。③I've got into the habit of switching on the TV as soon as I get home.我已养成一到家就打开电视机的习惯。④I've got out of the habit of having a cooked breakfast.我已不再保持早餐吃热食的习惯。【即境活用6】(2010·河北唐山第一次调研)Are you in ________ habit of watching Chinese football？If you are，you will know ________ China's football world is terrible.A．the；/ B．the；theC．a；the D．/；/[解析]in the habit of处于……的习惯中；第二空不需冠词。[答案]A7．settle vt.决定；解决，定居于 vi.居住，定居于Let's settle the date of the next meeting!我们来商定下次集会的日期吧！settle down 安坐，使安坐；安居；习惯于某种生活或工作；认真，全身心地做事settle to sth.(＝get down to sth.)着手认真干某事settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)settlement n．解决；定居settler n．移居者；殖民者settled adj.稳定的；习惯的【即境活用7】As soon as the passengers ________ themselves in their seats，the bus started moving.A．sat B．settledC．took D．put[解析]settled安顿下来。[答案]B8．suffer v．遭受；忍受；经历(1)suffer vt.遭受，蒙受；后常跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词。(2)suffer vi.后常跟介词from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦，患某种疾病”。(3)sufferer n．患病者，受苦者，受难者(3)suffering n．(指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦，疼痛，困难If we didn't pay enough attention to the protection of land，we would suffer hunger sometime in the future.如果我们对土地没有足够的保护，将来的某个时候我们会挨饿的。【即境活用8】Owing to the drought，the farmers ________ a lot.A．is suffered B．sufferedC．was suffered D．was suffered from[解析]suffer无被动语态，故B项正确。[答案]B①He ignored all the “No Smoking”signs and lit up a cigarette.他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示，点了支香烟。②I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了个建议，但他们不予理会。③She ignored him and carried on with her work.她没理他，继续干她的活。④He's completely ignorant about modern technology.他对现代科技一无所知。【即境活用9】—Tom is always saying I'm ugly，Mom.—Just ________ him.You are the most beautiful in my eyes.A．ignore B．leaveC．refuse D．miss[解析]ignore不理睬，忽视。[答案]A10．calm adj.平静的；镇静的 vt.(使)平静，(使)镇定①He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him down.他太激动了，我们必须想办法使他平静下来。②Calm down.There is nothing to worry about!安静下来吧，没有什么可担忧的。③He kept calm in face of great danger.面临巨大危险，他还是保持镇静。④He took a deep breath to calm himself.他深吸一口气使自己平静下来。【易错辨析】calm，quiet，silent，still(1)calm意思是“风平浪静的；镇静的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。The police chief advised his men to stay/keep calm and not to lose their tempers.警长劝手下人要保持冷静，不要发脾气。(2)quiet意思是“安静的；无动静的”，指没有声音，不吵闹或心里没有烦恼焦虑。They moved to the countryside and lived a quiet life.他们搬到农村过着安静的生活。(3)silent意思是“寂静的；沉默不语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。She kept silent about the matter.她对此事保持沉默。(4)still意思是“静止的；不动的”，指没有运动。Children find it difficult to sit still for a long time.孩子们发现很难长时间坐着不动。【即境活用10】Please keep ________ while I take a photograph of you.A．still B．calmC．quiet D．silent[解析]keep still保持静止不动。[答案]A11．disagree v．不同意What he said disagreed with what he did.他言行不一。(1)disagree with 与……不一致，不符；不同意某人的话；(天气等)不适宜disagree on 在某方面意见不合；有分歧disagree on/about 就……争论，争执(2)agree with 同意某人的话；适宜；符合，一致agree to 同意建议，意见，计划agree on 对某事双方取得一致agree to do 同意做某事【即境活用11】Though I disagree ________ you ________ this point，I will try my best to help you.A．with；on B．on；withC．to；on D．with；to[解析]disagree with sb. on sth.与某人就……争执。[答案]A1．set down记下；放下①He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.他要根据记忆把事实写下来。②He set down the heavy box and rested for a while.他放下沉重的箱子歇了一会儿。③The driver set her down at the station.司机让她在车站下了车。set aside：留出；拨出；把……置于一旁set off：出发；动身；使爆炸set back：回拨；阻碍set about：开始；着手set out：出发；动身；打算；开始set free：释放set up：开办，建立set about doing：开始做某事set out to do sth.开始，着手做某事【即境活用12】(2010·山东实验中学高三模拟)Having decided to rent a house，we ________ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.A．set about B．set downC．set up D．set out[解析]set about doing开始做某事。[答案]A2．go through经受；经历；仔细检查；用完；通过①The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.那可怜的少女自从父母去世后经历了许多痛苦。②She went through the room but couldn't find the missing ring.她搜遍了整个房间还是找不到丢失的戒指。③He has gone through all his money.他的钱都花光了。go about着手干；四处走动；(故事等)流传go against反对；违背；对……不利go over检查；复习go on with sth.继续go without sth.没有……而勉强应付；没有……也行go away/out离开；出去go after sb./sth.追求某人/谋求某事go ahead毫不犹豫地进行go in for参加(考试或比赛)；爱好go wrong/mad出毛病/疯了【即境活用13】(2010·济南统考)The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they ________ his bag，but found nothing.A．looked up B．turned inC．searched for D．went through[解析]go through仔细搜查。look up查找；turn in上交；search for寻找。[答案]D3．on purpose故意地，有意地She seems to do these things on purpose.她似乎是有意地做这些事。【即境活用14】—Look！The telephone is broken.Someone damaged it___ purpose.—That may be right.But perhaps it was broken _______ accident.A．on；by B．by；byC．on；on D．by；on[解析]on purpose故意地；by accident偶然地。[答案]A4．get along/on with与……相处；进展She's never really got along/on well with her sister.她与妹妹老是不能和睦相处。get about/around (消息)传开get...across 讲清楚；(使)被领会get away from... 离开；脱身get...back 收回，找回get...down 记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧get down to(doing) sth. 认真做，开始着手做get over... 克服，摆脱get through... (电话)接通；用完；通过get rid of 消灭，除掉get in 收割，收进【即境活用15】(2010·北师大附中模拟)Anyone who breaks the law could hardly ________it.A．throw away B．get awayC．break away from D．get away with[解析]get away with因做……而逃避惩罚。[答案]D5．a series of一连串的；一系列；一套a series of books 系列丛书a series of exams 一连串的考试a series of meetings 一系列的会议【易错提示】series单复数同形，“a series of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“two/three series of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【即境活用16】The reporter has written ________ articles about air pollution，hoping to call the attention of all people to the problem.A．a series of B．a great deal ofC．a plenty of D．a large amount of[解析]a series of一连串的。[答案]A6．in order to为了……(后跟动词原形)He started early in order to catch the train.为了赶火车他很早就出发了。in order not to do sth. 为了不做某事in order for sb. to do sth. 为了让某人做某事in order thatclause 为了/以便so that 为了/结果是，后跟从句so as to do sth. 为了做某事【易错提示】in order to 与so as to都可以表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首。两者都可以转换成由in order that/so that引导的状语从句。【即境活用17】All these gifts must be mailed immediately ________ in time for Christmas.A．in order to have received B．in order to receiveC．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving[解析]句子的主语与receive之间为动宾关系，故C项正确。[答案]C7．join in参加；加入(后跟活动项目)Let's join in their game.咱们加入他们的游戏吧。join hands with sb. 与某人携手/合伙join sb. in (doing sth.) 加入某人(做某事)的行列join the Party 入党join up with sb./sth. 和某人/物连起来join...to 把……连起来【即境活用18】(2010·绍兴一中第一次高考模拟)The girl on the bus began to sing a pop song and soon all the others ________.A．joined B．joined inC．attended D．took part[解析]join in加入某种活动。[答案]B1．While_walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时，你太粗心，狗一松就被车撞上了。【考点归纳】(1)while walking the dog是while引导的现在分词短语作状语，这是一种省略形式相当于while you were walking the dog。(2)在when，while，if，as if，as，where，unless等词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又与主句主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。(3)某些句式经过长期发展而约定俗成地成为固定搭配。如：if possible如果可能的话when/where necessary必要的时候/地方as...as possible尽可能……if only要是……就好了What if/though要是/即使……怎么样？What/How about…？……又怎么样呢？Why not…？为什么不呢？①When in Japan，I took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多美丽的照片。②If not for you，we would not go there.要不是为了你，我们就不用去那儿了。③Though small，the room is clean and tidy.房间虽小，但清洁整齐。④I won't go unless invited.除非受邀，否则我不去。【即境活用19】(2010·南京市高三质量检测)If ________ in wet sand，the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time.A．being buried B．having buriedC．buried D．burying[解析]If buried in wet sand为If the vegetables are buried in wet sand的省略。[答案]C2．I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道是不是因为自己长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。【考点归纳】此句中的It's...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：(1)强调句型的基本结构：“It is/was＋被强调的成分＋that/who＋其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。(2)在强调“not...until”结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It＋is/was＋not until...＋that＋该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。(3)英语中常用助动词do，does或did强调谓语。①It is I who/that am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。②When is it that we will have a meeting?我们什么时候开会？③It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他是著名的影星。④It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。(强调句)【易错提示】强调句的特殊疑问句形式：Who is/was it that...？(此句式中的that不宜用who)When is/was it that...?Where is/was it that...?How is/was it that...?Why is/was it that...?【即境活用20】It is in that poor village，_______Mary lived and worked 15 years ago，_______she will build her first school，which inspires everyone to help her.A．where；when B．that；thatC．that；when D．where；that[解析]第一空为where引出定语从句，第二空为that引出强调句。[答案]D3．...；it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……；这是一年半中我第一次与黑夜面对面……【考点归纳】It/This is/was the first time that...意为“是某人第一次……”，如果谓语动词是is，that后的句子的谓语动词要用现在完成时；如果谓语动词是was，that后面的句子的谓语动词用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have been to London.这是我第一次到伦敦。It was the first time that I had seen such a wonderful thing.这是我第一次看见这么好的东西。【思维拓展】(1)It's time for sb. to do sth. ＝It's time that sb did/should do sth.某人该做某事了。(2)the first time第一次，常作连词，后接时间状语。(3)for the first time第一次，用作介词短语，单独作状语。【即境活用21】This is the first time we ________ a film together as lovers.A．see B．had seenC．saw D．have seen[解析]This is the first time后的句子用现在完成时。[答案]D4．I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得很清楚，以前(有那么一段时间)，湛蓝的天空，鸟儿的歌唱，月光和鲜花，从未使我心迷神往过。【考点归纳】There was a time when...以前有那么一段时间……；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。There was a time when my father worked in Boston and came home only on weekends.曾经有那么一段时间，我父亲在波士顿工作，只在周末回家。【思维拓展】time后跟从句的常用结构：at the time you are working在你工作的时间by the time we reached home到我们回到家的时候last time I was there我上次在那儿的时候every time I saw her每次我见到她It's time that...到了……的时候，that从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气。①It's time we were going.我们该走了。②It's high time we took action.真到了我们该采取行动的时候了。【即境活用22】There was a time ________ I lived peacefully on the farm.A．when B．thatC．which D．where[解析]There was a time when...以前有那么一段时间；when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。[答案]A5．Although I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make good friends with them.虽然我试着去跟班上的同学交谈，但我还是发现很难跟他们成为好朋友。【考点归纳】本句中it为形式宾语，不定式短语to make good friends with them作真正的宾语。当不定式或that从句作find的宾语而且后面带有宾语补足语时，一般用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面。有这种用法的词除了find外，还有think，make，leave，consider等。①You may find it hard to accept your illness.你可能觉得难以接受自己患病。②I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.我已经讲得很清楚，任何人不准在这儿吸烟。③I think it best that you should stay here.我想你最好待在这里。④I leave it to you to judge.我把它留给你判断。【思维拓展】find后面常跟复合宾语，其宾语补足语多为形容词、非谓语动词、名词、介词短语等，构成“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。即：find＋sb./sth.＋adj./p.p./n./to do/doing/prep.phrase。①The child was finally found safe and sound.小孩最终被找到了，安全无恙。②I didn't expect to come home and find him gone.我没料到回到家却发现他已经走了。③I suddenly found myself running down the street.我发现自己突然在街上跑了起来。④She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。【即境活用23】The chairman thought ________ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A．that B．itC．this D．him[解析]句意：主席认为有必要邀请史密斯教授在会上讲话。it是形式宾语，代替真正的宾语to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting。[答案]B单项填空解题技巧一——注意排除思维定势的干扰在学习过程中，同学们做了相当多的习题，因此对有些类型的题目会产生思维定势。当碰到一些已经产生了变化的新题目时，如果不作分析而凭经验，想当然，势必会出错。因此做题时必须注意排除思维定势的干扰。例：(2010·上海高考)That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.A．reducing B．to reduceC．reduced D．reduce[解析]本题学生容易受思维定势影响，误认为imagine后用ving的形式；而该题空白处并非imagine的宾语，句中we can imagine为定语从句修饰先行词the way，将其删除可知空白处为动词不定式作the way的后置定语，故B项正确。[答案]B【即境活用24】I agreed with her on the way she put forward ________ the young trees.A．to protect B．protectC．protecting D．protected[解析]she put forward为定语从句，修饰the way，将其删除后，可知空白处应采用不定式形式作后置定语，修饰the way。[答案]A
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