选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture学案

UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE

阅读P32教材课文，选择最佳答案。

1．What is more likely to cause heart disease?

A．Fatty food.　　   B．Roasted food.

 C．Sugar.   D．Meat.

2．What should we do if we want to be healthy?

A．Eat less meat and more fruit.

B．Have fewer sweet drinks.

C．Have more candy bars.

D．Eat more processed foods.

3．Which of the following contains rich vitamins and fibre?

A．Vegetables.   B．Beans.

C．Dairy products.   D．Meat.

4．How should we eat our food?

A．Chew it quickly.

B．Enjoy it slowly.

C．Eat as much as possible.

D．Eat a lot in one meal.

5．What's the main idea of the passage?

A．A debate about fatty food.

B．What a healthy diet is.

C．Heart disease is the number one killer.

D．Moderation is fundamental in life.

[答案]　1－5　CBABB

Words and Phrases

　regardless of不管；不顾

(教材P32)　This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be.

无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。

[例1]　I shall go regardless of the weather.

无论天气怎么样我都要去。

[例2]　The allowance is paid regardless of age or income.

津贴发放不分年龄或收入。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译

①They continued working regardless of the fact that it was raining.

②Despite her recent surgery she has been carrying on regardless (regard)．

③We arrived at the station on time regardless of the storm．＝We arrived at the station on time despite/in spite of the storm．

尽管下着暴风雨，我们依旧准时到达了车站。

[名师点津]

regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可以接the fact that...；其同义词despite/in spite of还有“尽管……但是”之意，其后一般不接从句。

　quantity n．数量；数额

(教材P32)　Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.

加工食品通常含有较少的营养，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。

[例1]　Quantities of food were spread out on the table.许多食品被摊放在桌子上。

[例2]　The quantity and quality of the fruit can be controlled.

水果的数量与质量可以被控制。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Our government spent a large quantity of money in stopping pollution.

②Every day in hot summer，a large quantity of beer is consumed (consume)．

③Large quantities of air­conditioners have been sold (sell) since the summer is coming.

④He likes reading and always buys books in quantity/in large quantities (quantity)．

⑤How can such a large quantity of knowledge be acquired?

这么大量的知识怎样才能学到呢？

　ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的  n．理想；完美的人(或事物)

(教材P32)　The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing.

理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不要吃得太多或太少。

[例1]　She's looking for a job but hasn't found her ideal yet.

她在寻找一份工作，但迄今为止还没有找到理想的。

[例2]　Sam was a real leader who had high moral ideals.

萨姆胸怀崇高的道德理想，是真正的领袖人物。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The houses are absolutely ideal for families with young children.

②In any case the ideal and the real must always be referred to one another.

③Good excuses won't help you realize your life ideal!

美好的借口都不会帮助你实现自己的人生理想！

④This is an ideal opportunity to save money．

这是个存钱的最佳机会。

　trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.哄骗；欺骗

(教材P32)　There is no one trick to healthy eating.

健康饮食没有什么诀窍。

[例1]　An old dog cannot learn new tricks.

老狗学不会新把戏。

[例2]　I thought I saw a ghost，but perhaps it was only a trick of the light.

我以为我看见鬼了，但这大概不过是灯光在捉弄人。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Don't take it seriously；she just wants to play a joke on you.

②We were tricked into buying a poor car，which made me very upset.

③She played a trick on me．

她跟我开了一个玩笑。

Sentence Patterns

　while引导时间状语从句

(教材P32)　Put more simply，while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer.

简而言之，当人们还在争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖是杀手。

句式分析：句中while引导时间状语从句。

[例1]　While he was in prison，he wrote his first novel.

他在狱中写出了第一部小说。

[例2]　Nothing much changed while he was away.

他不在的时候，没有什么太大变化。

[即学即练]　完成句子

①While there is life，there is hope.

只要有生命就有希望。

②The boy is good at maths while his sister is good at Chinese．

那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。

③While I understand what you say，I can't agree with you.

尽管我明白你的话，但我还是不同意。

④They chatted for a while and then went to work.

他们聊了一会儿，然后就去上班了。

标题归纳题

[典例剖析]

I start every summer with the best of intentions：to attack one big book from the past，a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental：“Moby Dick” on a three­day cross­country train trip：“The Magic Mountain” in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors，no telephones or televisions in the rooms，and little to do beyond row on the salt pond.Attempting “The Man Without Qualities” on a return to Hawaii，my native state，however，was less fruitful：I made it through one and a quarter volumes (册)，then decided that I'd got the point and went swimming instead.

But this summer I find myself at a loss.I'm not quite interested in Balzac，say，or “Tristram Shandy”. There's always War and Peace，which I've covered some distance several times，only to get bogged down in the “War” part，set it aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone's name and social rank.How appealing to simply falls back on a favorite—once more into “The Waves” or “Justine，” which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.

And then there's Stendhal's “The Red and the Black”，which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail （鸡尾酒） of the summer，created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and BackForty.It is easy to drink，and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea.Cecconi's theory：“I take whatever's fresh at the green market and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park，making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once，lying on uncut grass with eyes shut，sun beating through the lids...

What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．The Books of Summer

B．My Summer Holidays

C．To Read or Not to Read

D．It's Never Too Late to Read

★试题特点

标题归纳题考查学生准确理解全文、提炼信息、概括总结的能力。

标题归纳题实质上与全文大意题一样，考查的都是文章的主旨大意，只不过这两类题型的选项形式不同：前者通常是短语或短句，后者通常以一句话的形式出现。所以，解答标题归纳题的部分技巧对于全文大意题同样适用。

★解题思路

Step 1：读文章，寻找体现文章主线的信息句(□中句)

Step 2：归纳标题，全盘考虑——文章第一段开头作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著。第二段谈到今年夏天读书的困惑，第三段再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。

Step 3：尝试解答——全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of Summer适合作为标题，故选A。

★名师点津

好标题三大特点

四大解题技巧

[即学即练]

A

One day when I was 12，my mother gave me an order：I was to walk to the public library，and borrow at least one book for the summer.This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read.

In the library，I found my way into the “Children's Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random.The cover of a book caught my eye.It presented a picture of a beagle.I had recently had a beagle，the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.He was my secret sharer，but one morning，he was gone，given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him.I never forgot my beagle.

There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical (相同的)to my dog.I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover.My eyes ran across the title，Amos，the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly，I had read the title.Without opening the book，I borrowed it from the library for the summer.

Under the shade of a bush，I started to read about Amos.I read very，very slowly with difficulty.Though pages were turned slowly，I got the main idea of the story about a dog who，like mine，had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home.That dog was my dog，and I was the little boy in the book.At the end of the story，my mind continued the final scene of reunion，on and on，until my own lost dog and I were，in my mind，running together.

My mother's call returned me to the real world.I suddenly realized something：I had read a book，and I had loved reading that book.Everyone knew I could not read.But I had read it.Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.

I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般的) experience that summer，but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year.And years later，she was proud that her son had read thousands of books，was awarded a PhD in literature，and authored his own books，articles，poetry and fiction.The power of the words has held.

Which one could be the best title of the passage?

A．The Charm of a Book

B．Mum's Strict Order

C．Reunion with My Beagle

D．My Passion for Reading

A　[通读全文可知，作者最开始有阅读障碍，在图书馆无意中看到了一本书，于是奇迹出现了，作者的课堂表现有了显著的提高，多年后作者不仅获得了博士学位，而且成了一名成功的作家，故A项正确。]

B

Angel Garcia Crespo is a computer engineer at Carlos Ⅲ University of Madrid in Spain.His group has invented a new way for deaf­blind people to “watch” TV.The idea for the technology grew out of previous work by his group.The team had already worked on making audiovisual(视听的) materials accessible to people with either vision or hearing disabilities.But the group wanted to help people with both challenges.So they asked some deaf­blind people what would help.

In addition to relying on their sense of touch to communicate，deaf­blind people can also get and send information with a Braille line.The Braille system uses patterns of raised dots to stand for letters and numbers.A Braille line is an electronic machine with a changeable Braille display.Dots rise up or drop down based on the information sent to the machine.

Now the new system changes TV signals to data a Braille line can use.“The key to the system is the possibility of using subtitles(字幕) to collect TV information，” Garcia Crespo explains.“Subtitles travel with the image(影像) and the audio in electromagnetic waves we don't see.But an electronic system can keep those waves.”

First，a computer program，or app，pulls out the subtitles and visual descriptions from the broadcast signal.The system then combines the information and changes both into data for Braille.

Now another app gets to work，which sends the data out to people's Braille lines on demand.“This is done in real time，in less than a second，” Garcia Crespo says.This lets a deaf­blind person “watch” TV as it's broadcast.The system will work with various Braille lines，as long as there's a bluetooth connection available.Now，the system is only used in Europe，and it should soon be available in the US.

What should be a suitable title for the text?

A．New Technology Is Improving Deaf­blind People's Life

B．A New Braille Line Is Applied to Disabled People's Life

C．A Spanish Group Makes TV Accessible to Blind People

D．New Technology Helps Deaf­blind People “Watch” TV

D　[根据最后一段中“This lets a deaf­blind person ‘watch’ TV as it's broadcast.The system will work with various Braille lines，as long as there's a bluetooth connection available.(这让聋哑人在电视节目播出时‘观看’节目内容。只要有蓝牙连接，该系统可以使用各种盲文线路。)”可知，文章最佳标题是“新技术帮助聋哑人士‘看’电视”。故选D。]