高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 Teachers课后测评

UNIT1RELATIONSHIPS

SectionA　TOPICTALK&LESSON1

课后篇巩固提升

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.One reason why people like him is that he has a sense of 　　　　　(幽默). 

答案humour

2.As an　　　　　 (外向的) girl,I get along well with my classmates. 

答案outgoing

3.With his 　　　　　(难以置信的) talent,Messi has surprised the world. 

答案incredible

4.Follow these tips,and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more 　　　　　(值得的). 

答案worthwhile

5.One of his less attractive　　　　　 (特征) is criticising his wife in public. 

答案traits

6.He decided to take his　　　　　 (侄子) abroad. 

答案nephew

7.His　　　　　　　 (具有强烈信念的) speech had an effect on our emotions. 

答案passionate

8.All other considerations are 　　　　　(次要的) to his safety. 

答案secondary

9.A　　　　　 (火箭) manned by trained astronauts will be launched soon. 

答案rocket

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.People are encouraged to be 　　　　　　　(humour) in daily life. 

答案humorous

2.The job is exciting but 　　　　　　　(occasional) dangerous. 

答案occasionally

3.She was carrying a lot of 　　　　　　　(emotion) baggage. 

答案emotional

4.Furthermore,the pen is made of the 　　　　　　　(extreme) strong materials,which can protect the pen from damage. 

答案extremely

5.We 　　　　　　　(grateful) accepted his promise to help us. 

答案gratefully

6.Gail is a 　　　　　(practice) woman.Neither she nor her daughters are easily fooled by cheap tales or discounted grace. 

答案practical

7.Economic progress is closely related to　　　　　 (education) development. 

答案educational

8.I am fed up with his 　　　　　(lazy) and carelessness at present. 

答案laziness

9.The 　　　　　(strong) of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy-giving food. 

答案strength

10.The judge didn’t believe his 　　　　　(explain) that he had stolen the money in order to give it to charity. 

答案explanation

Ⅲ.短语填空

a couple of,used to,set up,for the first time,have access to,make sure,find out,pour into,lack in,add up to

1.Sales moved upwards 　　　　　　　　　this year. 

答案for the first time

2.People 　　　　　　　　　the square from all parts of the city. 

答案poured into

3.Critics have found them to be somewhat 　　　　　　　　　emotional depth. 

答案lacking in

4.As I’ve been lying wide awake for 　　　　　　　　hours,I know I’ve come in for it again tonight. 

答案a couple of

5.I 　　　　　　　　　get up early and take an hour’s walk before breakfast. 

答案used to

6.Students must 　　　　　　　　　a good library. 

答案have access to

7.The man glanced over his shoulder every now and then to 　　　　　　　　　that he was not being followed. 

答案make sure

8.The police looked into the case to 　　　　　　　　　who was the murderer. 

答案find out

9.He 　　　　　　　　　a firm of his own soon after he graduated from college. 

答案set up

10.The numbers 　　　　　　　exactly 100. 

答案add up to

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.中华人民共和国成立于1949年,从那时起,这个国家经历了巨大的变化。

The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949,and since then the country　　　　　　　　　　great changes. 

答案has experienced

2.我邀请了比尔,但我不知道他是否会和我一起去听音乐会。

I’ve invited Bill,but　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he’ll go to the concert with me. 

答案I’ve no idea if

3.我发现在结冰的小路上很难保持平衡。

I found　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my balance on the icy path. 

答案it hard to keep

4.要是能像去年一样就好了!

　　　　　　　　it could be just like last year! 

答案If only

5.这些困难一旦过去,我们就不会再有进一步的困难了。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　are getting over,we will have no further difficulties. 

答案Once these difficulties

6.闹钟一响他就起床了。

He gets up　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the alarm clock goes off. 

答案as soon as

7.避免癌症的关键是拥有健康的生活方式。

The key to　　　　　　　　　　is to have a healthy lifestyle. 

答案avoiding cancer

8.这就是他所说的话。

This is　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案what he said

Ⅴ.选词填空

1.used to do,be used to doing,be used to do

We　　　　　　　　　 (work) ten hours a day. 

I　　　　　　　　　 (eat) so much at lunchtime. 

The wood can　　　　　　　　　 (make) desks and chairs. 

答案used to work;am used to eating;be used to make

2.used to,would

Whenever Tim was angry,he 　　　　　　　eat a lot. 

The successful young man　　　　　　　 be a naughty boy. 

答案would;used to

3.occasion,situation,condition,case

There was no　　　　　 for you to be so rude. 

I had halfway decided to accept their　　　　　at that time. 

But that is not always the　　　　　,sometimes the table can turn. 

The economic　　　　　 is now different. 

答案occasion;condition(s);case;situation

4.pour down,pour in,pour into,pour out

The rain is　　　　　　　. 

We opened the switch and the water 　　　　　　. 

The crowd suddenly　　　　　　　the store. 

The old man　　　　　　his sufferings in the past. 

答案pouring down;poured in;poured into;poured out

关键能力提升练

Ⅵ.阅读理解

A

主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文

(2020安徽省级示范高中高一下学期期中)

It was summer when I was asked whether I wanted to go to Malibu(an island in Canada)with my church to serve the military families.At first,I heard this and thought,“You are asking an eleven-year-old in his last weeks of summer if he wants to go on a trip with his mom to Canada to serve other people?” Of course,I responded with a kind refusal,but my mom found a way to convince me to go.

When we were on the ferry to the island,a thousand thoughts were running through my head,such as “What am I going to do here?”“Am I even going to be useful?” and “Why am I even here?” When we got to the island,I was asked to do the childcare.I was actually somewhat excited because my friend said he would help me.The first time I met the kids,I got to know them pretty well.They were all between the ages of four and six.Some of them stayed behaved and a few of them started acting crazy and would even hit and push the other kids.

With those kids,I was very strict,but I still tried to be positive and keep a smile.After all,they were just innocent kids.In most of the time,I needed to help them with things like washing clothes,and setting tables.Even though it sounded dull,I enjoyed every second of it.One of the things I did in my free time was to play pool(打台球).I made friends with a few kids there.They were really easy to talk to.Some of the things we talked about were sports,food,video games,and most of all pool.

Even though I was only at Malibu,Canada for one week,I feel like I made spiritual changes in some people’s life.You don’t have to go above and beyond to have an influence on someone’s life.In the end,it all comes down to what way you changed them.It could have been in a spiritual way or a mental way as long as you had a positive effect.So go out and try to make a difference in this world.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在妈妈的鼓励下不情愿地去了Malibu。作为一名志愿者,作者在岛上的主要任务是照顾那里的孩子。这次经历作者体会到“一切都归结于你改变他们的方式”。建议大家走出去试着改变世界。

1.How did the author react when asked if he liked to serve the military families?

A.He hardly believed it.

B.He was very confused about the decision.

C.He refused to accept it.

D.He was worried about the trip.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ofcourse,Irespondedwithakindrefusal,butmymomfoundawaytoconvincemetogo.”可知,当被问及是否愿意为军人家属服务时,作者拒绝提供服务。故选C项。

2.As a volunteer,the author’s main task on the island was　　　. 

A.to take care of kids there

B.to educate kids there

C.to make friends with kids there

D.to share his experiences with kids there

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whenwegottotheisland,Iwasaskedtodothechildcare.”可知,作为一名志愿者,作者在岛上的主要任务是照顾那里的孩子。故选A项。

3.What can we know about the author’s stay in Malibu?

A.He found the kids very hard to deal with.

B.He didn’t quite like the badly-behaved kids.

C.He managed to get along well with most kids.

D.He shared common hobbies with some kids.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Imadefriendswithafewkidsthere.Theywerereallyeasytotalkto.Someofthethingswetalkedaboutweresports,food,videogames,andmostofallpool.”可知,作者在Malibu逗留时,他和一些孩子有共同的爱好。故选D项。

4.What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?

A.He regretted having taken the trip.

B.His spiritual changes in Malibu.

C.What he has learnt from the experience.

D.What to do to make a greater difference.

答案C

解析主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Intheend,itallcomesdowntowhatwayyouchangedthem.Itcouldhavebeeninaspiritualwayoramentalwayaslongasyouhadapositiveeffect.Sogooutandtrytomakeadifferenceinthisworld.”可推知,最后一段作者主要告诉我们“他从这次经历中学到了什么”。故选C项。

B

主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文

(2020湖南师大附中高一下学期期中)

 When I was about 12,I had an enemy,a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings.Week by week her list grew:I was very thin.I wasn’t a good student.I talked too much.I was too proud,and so on.I tried to hear all this as long as I could.At last,I became very angry.I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

He listened to me quietly,and then he asked,“Are the things she says true or not?Janet,didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like?Well,you now have that girl’s opinion.Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

I did as he told me.To my great surprise,I discovered that about half the things were true.Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin),but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change.For the first time I got a fairly clear picture of myself.

I brought the list back to Daddy.He refused to take it.“That’s just for you,” he said.“You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself.But you have to learn to listen,not just close your ears in anger and feel hurt.When something said about you is true,you’ll find it will be of help to you.Our world is full of people who think they know your duty.Don’t shut your ears.Listen to them all,but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.” Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments.In my life,I’ve never had a better piece of advice.

【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者12岁的时候,有个朋友经常指出她的缺点。作者的父亲给她建议:要勇于听取别人的批评,从中选取正确的意见,加以改正。

5.What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?

A.He agreed with her “enemy”.

B.He let her continue to put up with her “enemy”.

C.He told her to write down all her “enemy” had said about her.

D.He told her not to pay attention to what her “enemy” had said.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Goandmakealistofeverythingshesaidandmarkthepointsthataretrue.Paynoattentiontotheotherthingsshesaid.”可知,父亲让作者把对方说的话记下来,标出正确的地方,对其他的可以忽视。故选C项。

6.Which of the following can we know from the passage?

A.The “enemy” thought the writer was pretty.

B.The “enemy” thought the writer studied hard.

C.The writer and her “enemy” became best friends at last.

D.The writer is grateful to her father.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Daddy’sadvicehasreturnedtomeatmanyimportantmoments.Inmylife,I’veneverhadabetterpieceofadvice.”可知,在很多重要的时刻,作者经常回想起父亲的建议。在作者的一生中,她从来没有听过比这更好的建议。作者很感激父亲。故选D项。

7.Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?

A.Not an Enemy,but the Best Friend

B.The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had

C.My Father

D.My Childhood

答案B

解析主旨大意题。从文章最后一段总结句“Inmylife,I’veneverhadabetterpieceofadvice”,可推断出文章的最佳标题为TheBestAdviceI’veEverHad。故选B项。

Ⅶ.七选五

主题语境:人与自我　语篇类型:议论文

If your friendships are going to last a long time,you simply have to accept that things will always change.But never fear.　1　 Here is a little of their advice. 

Start with the friendship triangle.

Shasta Nelson is a friendship expert who gives a concept called the “friendship triangle”.　2　Anyway,the base is positivity,and two sides of the triangle are consistency (一致性) and vulnerability (脆弱性).If your friendship has something wrong,it’s much easier to see what is off balance and adjust in time. 

Figure out what you value.

Another helpful tool comes from Rachel Wilkerson Miller.Wilkerson Miller recommends looking at friendships through your TME — time,money and energy.“Those are your most valuable resources,” she says.“Think about where your TME is going,how you’re spending it and who you’re giving it to.”　3　 

Don’t be afraid to ask for things.

　4　Being direct can feel awkward,but if you get in the habit of stating your needs,you can avoid a pile of hate much later on.“Ask for exactly what you need,”Havrilesky,a famous writer,says,“sometimes it can work like medicine.So ask!” 

　5　During long life,you go through a lot of different versions of yourself.That can mean that sometimes,a friend is only present for a certain chapter—and that is OK. 

A.Not every friend is going to be there forever.

B.We offer some advice from experts to help you deal with the shifts in your friendship.

C.Friendship is like a ship to carry you further.

D.The friendship triangle is made of three equally long sides.

E.If you waste these resources,it might be time to shift the relationship.

F.You should get comfortable asking for what you need.

G.The expert recommends being clear when your friendship is no longer the same.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者针对友谊可能会发生改变这一问题,给出了一些看法和建议。

1.B　根据上文“Ifyourfriendshipsaregoingtolastalongtime,yousimplyhavetoacceptthatthingswillalwayschange.Butneverfear.”和下文“Hereisalittleoftheiradvice.”可知,面对这个问题时,一些建议可能会对你有所帮助,选项中的theshifts指代上文中的change,选项中的someadvice与下文中的alittleoftheiradvice相呼应。故选B项。

2.D　根据上文“ShastaNelsonisafriendshipexpertwhogivesaconceptcalledthe‘friendshiptriangle’.”和下文“Anyway,thebaseispositivity,andtwosidesofthetriangleareconsistencyandvulnerability(不管怎么说,底边是稳定的,三角的两边具有一致性和脆弱性).”可知,该空进一步解释“友谊三角形”。故选D项。

3.E　根据上文可知,该空用于说明如果你没有考虑这些因素,可能造成的后果。故选E项。

4.F　根据本段标题“Don’tbeafraidtoaskforthings.”和下文“Beingdirectcanfeelawkward,butifyougetinthehabitofstatingyourneeds,youcanavoidapileofhatemuchlateron.”可知,该空承接标题,引出下文,说明你要坦诚地表明自己的需求。故选F项。

5.A　根据下文“Duringlonglife,yougothroughalotofdifferentversionsofyourself.Thatcanmeanthatsometimes,afriendisonlypresentforacertainchapter—andthatisOK.”可知,该空引出下文,说明朋友并非永恒不变的。故选A项。

Ⅷ.完形填空

主题语境:人与社会　语篇类型:记叙文

I was on vacation with my husband,my brother,his wife and daughter.We were not　1　 with the area and 　2　 on a bus without any doubt,　3　 it would be a nice way to see the downtown’s old town area.Well,until talking with the bus driver,we 　4　 out we were on the neighbourhood route which picks up 　5　 children and delivers commuters (上下班往返的人) to 　6　 neighbourhood places,with a route of well over about 2 hours.That was a surprise and a 　7　 because we had parked our car in a timed parking area and it was going to expire (到期). 

We shared this with the bus　8　 only to let her know we were not from the area and 　9　 for getting on her bus wrongly.Then she 　10　 us further saying,“I leave 　11　 after a few more blocks,and if you don’t mind too many people in my company car,I’d be happy to take you back to your car 　12　 the parking time expires.” The bus driver received 　13　 from her boss,so we 　14　 said yes to her offer. 

She went out of her way to take us back to our car after her work was over and it wasn’t on her route home either.We were 　15　 and grateful for her kindness and thoughtfulness. 

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与家人一起到外地度假,误上了一辆载运学生和上下班工人的通勤车,这辆车在固定的路线上需要两小时,而作者自己的车停放在计时停车场。通勤车司机在下班后特地把作者及家人送到了停车场。

1.A.delighted B.familiar

C.bored D.disappointed

答案B

解析根据第二段第一句可知,作者是上错了车,可见作者对这个地方不“熟悉(familiar)”。delighted“高兴的”;bored“厌烦的”;disappointed“失望的”。故选B项。

2.A.jumped B.wrote C.called D.leaned

答案A

解析根据第二段中的“gettingonherbuswrongly”可知,作者上错了车。jumpon“跳上”,符合题意。writeon“在……上书写”;callon“拜访”;leanon“斜靠”。故选A项。

3.A.noticing B.thinking

C.arguing D.realizing

答案B

解析根据上文可知,作者对当地不熟悉,因此,想当然地“认为(thinking)”,坐上公交车是观赏老城区的最好方式。其他三个选项都是有根据的结论,而不是主观想象。故选B项。

4.A.called B.left C.found D.held

答案C

解析直到与司机聊了几句之后,作者才“弄清楚(foundout)”自己上了一辆载运学生和上下班工人的通勤车。callout“召集,大声喊叫”;leaveout“省去,忽视,遗漏”;holdout“守住,提出,坚持,伸出”。故选C项。

5.A.school B.street C.noisy D.small

答案A

解析作者错误地上了一辆街道通勤车,这辆车的路线超过两个小时,专门接送学校的孩子和上下班的工人。streetchildren“街道流浪儿”;noisy“吵闹的”;small“小的”。故选A项。

6.A.secret B.safe C.public D.various

答案D

解析根据空前的介词to可知,下班工人要回到各自的家,因此,各自地方“不同(various)”。secret“秘密的”;safe“安全的”;public“公共的”。故选D项。

7.A.interest B.doubt C.concern D.reason

答案C

解析根据空后的内容可知,作者自己的车停在计时停车场,马上就要到期了,而这辆通勤车还要跑两个多小时,因此作者非常“担忧(concern)”。interest“兴趣”;doubt“怀疑”;reason“原因”。故选C项。

8.A.passenger B.owner C.conductor D.driver

答案D

解析根据下文可知,作者把当时自己的处境告诉了公交车“司机(driver)”。故选D项。

9.A.asked B.apologized

C.answered D.applied

答案B

解析根据空后的“forgettingonherbuswrongly”可知,作者是因上错了车而“道歉(apologized)”。askfor“请求”;answerfor“对……负责”;applyfor“申请”。故选B项。

10.A.surprised B.inspired

C.disappointed D.frightened

答案A

解析根据下文可知,司机答应作者,再过几个街区之后,她就下班了,就把作者及其家人送到他们自己停车的地方,这一点作者确实没有想到,所以是“意外的惊喜(surprised)”。inspire“激励”;disappoint“使失望”;frighten“吓唬”。故选A项。

11.A.family B.school C.work D.children

答案C

解析根据第三段的第一句中的“afterherworkwasover”可知,司机说的是“下班(leavework)”后,就能帮助他们了。故选C项。

12.A.immediately B.when

C.after D.before

答案D

解析呼应第一段的最后一句。作者着急的是,自己的车停在计时停车场,马上就要到期了。因此,司机的建议,是尽可能地赶在到期“之前(before)”把作者他们送到。故选D项。

13.A.decision B.permission

C.suggestion D.hesitation

答案B

解析根据11空后“mycompanycar”可知,司机想这样做,需要得到公司老板的“许可(permission)”。decision“决定”;suggestion“建议”;hesitation“犹豫”。故选B项。

14.A.angrily B.pitifully

C.cautiously D.gratefully

答案D

解析根据第10空,再联系上下文可知,作者当时是“感激不尽地(gratefully)”。angrily“愤怒地”;pitifully“怜悯地”;cautiously“小心翼翼地”。故选D项。

15.A.touched B.pleased

C.encouraged D.satisfied

答案A

解析根据14空可知,司机主动提出下班后送他们去停车场,作者就已经感恩不尽了;更想不到的是,这去停车场的路与司机回家的路不是同一条路线,司机这样做不是顺路,而是专门这样做,这就令作者十分的“感动(touched)”了。pleased“高兴的”;encouraged“鼓励的”;satisfied“满足的”。故选A项。