2021学年Unit 3 Getting along with others课后练习题

单元素养培优(三) Unit 3

Ⅰ. 单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示填空)

1. I’ll keep the original (原始的)copy of your report on file.

2. It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.

3. I can’t tell you definitely (肯定地)when I will come.

4. For a moment it looked as if Lilian Hawthorne would explode with anger.

5. This gives the design team a sound basis (基础)for their work.

6. Your clothes are often a reflection (反映)of your personality.

7. She sought her children,  but they were nowhere to be found.

8. At 25, 000 miles per hour our rocket will escape from the earth’s pull.

9. The blanket will provide additional warmth and comfort in bed.

10. You have to admire the way he handled the situation.

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. It is horribly(horrible) stressful to do something you know you’re not good at.

2. Let’s stop chatting(chat) and get down to concentrating on important matters.

3. We were quite aware how you would respond to our questions.

4. The market has not recovered from the fall in oil price.

5. Judging(judge) from experience,  a proper balance is not easy to achieve.

6. To apologize for leaving so early,  I brought you a little gift.

7. Frankly(frank) speaking,  he is not so bad as you might think.

8. His remarks showed that he misunderstood(misunderstand) my position on the question.

9. If you commit a crime you can never escape being punished(punish).  

10. Keeping your body in shape is beneficial(benefit) to mental health.

11. Many people around the world admire China for its great contribution to the world peace.

12. They believed in what they sought(seek),  just as I believed in my job.

Ⅲ. 选词填空

in person,  get over,  at a loss,  count on,  eat away at,  in my opinion, take on,  through thick and thin

1. As your strength grows,  you can take on bigger challenges.  

2. In my opinion,  it’s understandable that women seek beauty,  but they should do it in a proper way.  

3. The winner will be there in person to collect the prize.  

4. After a broken promise,  it is hard to count on a person.  

5. No one ever gets over being shy completely,  but most people do learn to live with their shyness.  

6. Father and mother went through thick and thin together. They now live a healthy and wealthy life.  

7. “But how do you know? ” I pretended to be at a loss.  

8. Doing a job you hate may eat away at your happiness over time.  

Ⅳ. 完成句子

1. It should be pointed out that Tom’s method has the same advantages as Lucy’s.  

应该指出, 汤姆的方法和露西的方法有同样的优点。

2. Sticking to goals helps us achieve what we want.  

坚持目标帮助我们实现我们想要的。

3. He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.  

他作了一场如此精彩的演讲, 以至于每个人都钦佩他。

4. When we express our opinions, we must be careful that we might be misunderstood.  

当我们表达自己的观点的时候, 我们必须小心以免被误解。

5. A friend is someone who knows the song in your heart and can sing it back to you when you have forgotten the words.  

朋友是一个知道你心中那首歌的人, 当你忘记歌词的时候, 他可以唱给你听。

Ⅴ. 阅读理解

A

(2021·合肥高一检测)

In 1971 a young man who grew up very poor was traveling across the country,  trying to make a new start for himself. Along the way he had completely run out of money and was forced to spend the night in his car. This continued until one morning,  after a week of sleeping in his car,  he walked nervously into a restaurant and ordered a big breakfast.

After eating his first good meal in weeks,  he found himself lying to the waiter,  telling him he had lost his wallet. The waiter,  who was also the owner,  walked behind the chair where the young man had been sitting. He bent down,  and came up with a $ 20 bill that looked as if it had fallen on the floor. “Sir,  you must have dropped this, ” the owner said. The young man couldn’t believe his luck!  He quickly paid for the breakfast,  left a tip,  bought gas with the change,  and headed West.

On the way out of town,  he began to understand what that fellow did. “Maybe nobody dropped the money at all. Maybe that fellow just knew I was in trouble and he helped me in a way that didn’t embarrass me. So I just made a promise to help other people if I can. ”

Later,  he worked very hard and became a rich man. Now,  he lives near Kansas City. Each year he gives away thousands of dollars. He is known as the “Secret Santa” because at Christmas time each year,  he personally hands money out to those on the street and at restaurants. Last year,  he gave more than $50, 000 away in Kansas City.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一个年轻人在得到别人帮助之后, 若干年后成了富人, 回报社会的故事。

1. The young man was traveling across the country in 1971 probably to ______.  

A. improve his life

B. hand out gifts to passers-by

C. look for a good restaurant

D. show his new car to others

【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知, 1971年, 一个出身贫寒的年轻人周游全国, 试图给自己一个新的开始。由此推断出这个年轻人在1971年周游全国, 是为了改善他的生活。故选A。

2. On the way out of town,  the young man got to know that ______.  

A. it was very honest of the owner to return his money

B. he could probably find himself a job in the restaurant

C. the owner helped him in a way that didn’t hurt his feelings

D. another man who had breakfast in the restaurant lost the money

【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段内容可知, 在出城的路上, 年轻人知道了店主以不伤害他的感情的方式帮助了他。故选C。

3. From this text we can infer that ______.  

A. the man raised money for the poor

B. the man did carry out his promise

C. Santa gives the man money each year

D. the man was not successful in the end

【解析】选B。推理判断题。由最后一段可知, 后来, 他努力工作, 成为一个富人。现在, 他每年捐出几千美元。他被称为“神秘圣诞老人”。由此判断这个人确实履行了他的诺言。故选B。

4. The best title for the text may be ______.  

A. Secret Santa of Kansas City

B. The Key to Success

C. A kind Waiter in the Restaurant

D. Never Give Up

【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 短文叙述了一个年轻人在得到别人帮助之后, 若干年后成了富人, 回报社会的故事。再结合最后一段可知, 现在, 他住在堪萨斯城附近。他被称为“神秘圣诞老人”。所以短文最佳的标题为“堪萨斯城的神秘圣诞老人”。故选A。

B

(2021·常州高一检测)

　　Our first welcome to the UK wasn’t from the staff of Heathrow Airport or the coach driver who entered into our lives to take us to our new city and new home for the next three weeks. It was,  in fact,  the noisy and energetic seagulls(海鸥) full of songs that flew down to us. When we left from the plane’s exit passage,  we still could hear their loud and clear songs through the glass. It was amazing that they lifted our spirits and cheered us up after our stupidly long and awful journey.

These seagulls welcomed my Chinese people into their home with open wings and if they could speak instead of merely squawk(鸟叫),  I’m sure we would have struck up some bright and harmonious relationship. They liked to hover(盘旋) overhead around with childlike greetings they sang or just simply walk fearlessly close to our feet. Some of us saved bread our host family prepared in the lunchboxes for these friends. And lovely,  we would like to share what we have for the rest of eternity(永恒).

But Julie, the mother of my host family, who then I stayed with, does not think so. Strangely as well,  she could not give any reasons. The closed and squawk-proof double-glazing explains. Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windows open but she always fails to do that,  because those birds seemed to like staying up till next morning,  wholly screaming for her on and on. And they decide to keep doing so every single night. Furthermore,  every time she has to wash the marble floor of the gardens,  Julie would look up around and swear to the droppings(鸟粪) shortly followed by a smile on her face towards me and said:  “They are friendly to you. ” 

But stop thinking that she hates the creatures and never plans to have a change. Because there is another side to her evident feelings towards the birds. We will do some shopping at weekends and every time there Julie doesn’t forget to put a big bag of wild birdseed(鸟食) into her carriage which costs quite more than milk or juice for one week. I can see what it goes for since she refills the wild bird feeder(喂食器) before a big hurry to drive to work every morning and when working she knows what is happening back at home — seagulls are enjoying the seed and leaving for next morning.

I’m leaving soon and not likely,  I guess,  though I hope not,  to get back to see my friends here in England in the future. I said I would miss all friends living here including the seagulls. And when Julie was refilling the feeder again,  she said:  “They’re nice but they are not my friends. ”

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者去英格兰旅游时寄宿家庭的女主人Julie虽然被海鸥干扰, 但还是去买鸟食喂它们的故事。

5. According to the first paragraph,  we can know that ______.  

A. they felt disappointed at not being welcomed by any local people as they landed

B. they felt surprised to find seagulls there shortly after they landed

C. they didn’t like to be welcomed by the seagulls because they were noisy and stupid

D. those birds were more energetic and friendly than the local people

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知, 他们一着陆就惊讶地发现那里有海鸥, 故B项正确。

6. What does the underlined part “squawk-proof double-glazing” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. A shotgun used for fowling(捕鸟).

B. A cage used for keeping birds.

C. Birdseed used to feed the seagulls.

D. A window used to keep noise out.

【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windows open. . . screaming for her on and on. ”可知, 也许她更喜欢开着窗户睡觉, 但她总是做不到, 因为那些鸟似乎喜欢彻夜不停地叫。所以她要关上窗户隔音, 由此可知画线词指的是“用来隔音的窗户”, 故D项正确。

7. Julie said the seagulls were nice but not her friends for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______.  

A. the seagulls disturbed her every night

B. the seagulls dirtied her garden

C. the birdseed was not cheap

D. the seagulls were friendly to her guests

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段可知, Julie说海鸥很好但不是她的朋友, 是因为它们彻夜不停地叫打扰她休息, 鸟粪弄脏了花园的大理石地面以及它们对她的客人很友好, 而并不是因为鸟食不便宜, 故选C项。

8. What’s the best title for this passage?

A. Birds Can Welcome

B. Birds in London

C. Bite the Hand that Feeds You

D. Feed What You Want to Kill

【解析】选D。标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了作者去英格兰旅游时虽然整夜被海鸥吵得睡不着觉、鸟粪还弄脏了她的花园, 但寄宿家庭的女主人Julie还是去买鸟食喂它们的故事。故D项(喂你想杀了的东西)正确。

【方法技巧】记叙文标题归纳题解题技巧

　  记叙文的标题归纳题难度较大, 正确选项要点明或暗示描写对象, 聚焦文章的感情基调。例如本篇第8题, 通读全文, 特别是根据倒数第二段中的Because there is another side to her evident feelings towards the birds. 可知, 本文主要讲述了虽然被海鸥吵得整夜睡不着觉、鸟粪还弄脏了她的花园, 但女主人Julie还是去买鸟食喂它们。选项D(喂你想杀了的东西)既体现了文章的主角: 女主人和海鸥, 又概括了女主人对海鸥两方面的感情——又爱又恨, 最适合作这篇文章的标题。

Ⅵ. 阅读填句

How to Keep Long-Distance Friendships

Don’t let distance keep you away from your friends. 　1　 

Schedule time to chat. Because of kinds of reasons,  you and your friends might not be able to chat on the phone every day or even every week. 　2　 My best friend from high school is a new mom and we are in different time zones. But she makes an effort every few weeks to call me on her drive home from work. When I go back home our friendship feels like I’d never left.  

 　3　 Texting (发短信) your friends can be a good way. It can help you know about each other. My friends and I text each other about the small things like having to work late or losing an earring.  

Use social media. Using social media is a good way to keep my long-distance friendships going. It allows you to keep up with your friends’ lives. 　4　 That makes you feel more deeply connected to them.  

Vacation together. 　5　 One friend and I haven’t lived in the same state for 5 years,  but I can see her on trips. By going on trips,  we can not only stay in touch,  but also can create new memories together.  

Not every friendship is a friendship that can survive long distance. The thing we can do is do what we can to keep it.

A. Share small things.

B. Schedule time to eat together.

C. Why not plan a trip with your friends?

D. Use these tips to stay close with your friends.

E. It can also help you learn more about their other friends.

F. I drove three hours from Kentucky to spend time with her.

G. Anyway,  you should try to find suitable time to chat with your friends.

【文章大意】本文是说明文, 关于如何保持远距离的友情, 作者提出了一些建议。

1. 【解析】选D。此题空前一句是“不要让距离使你疏远了你的朋友”; 选项D意为: 使用(下面)这些建议来与你的朋友保持密切联系。 “distance keep you away from your friends”与选项D中“stay close with your friends”意思相反。下文是关于如何保持友情的几条建议。选项D承上启下。

2. 【解析】选G。此段首句是“安排时间聊天”, 也是本段的主题句。选项G意为“无论如何, 你应该尽量找恰当的时间和你的朋友聊天”。空前两句中都提到chat, 选项G中chat是原词复现。

3. 【解析】选A。分析文章结构, 所填空是该段的主题句。根据下文“My friends and I text each other about the small things”可知, “通过发短信等形式说一些小事情”是保持友谊的好方法。选项A意为“分享一些小事”。

4. 【解析】选E。此题是代词指代和逻辑关系的线索题。选项E意为“它还可以帮助你更多地了解他们其他的朋友” 。空前一句“It allows you to. . . ”和选项E“It can also help. . . ”中都有代词It,  都是指代Using social media; 选项E中also 表示递进关系, 进一步说明“使用社交媒体是保持远距离友谊的好方法”。

5. 【解析】选C。此段主题句是“一起度假”。选项C意为“为什么不和你的朋友们计划一次旅行呢? ”“plan a trip”和“Vacation together”意思相关。

Ⅶ. 语法填空

(2021·沈阳高一检测)

A reporter from Jiangsu Province went to Australia and some other

1. __________ (country) with his father for a 3-month trip. His father spent most of his life 2. __________ (work) in the field. The son started the 3. __________ (amaze) trips with his father around the world because his father had cancer—a serious illness.  

The reporter wanted 4. __________ (take) his father to travel,  hoping that his father can find his younger self in his last days. They 5. __________ (travel) more than 13,  000 kilometers and took over 110, 000 pictures on 6. __________ (they) trips to different countries. Well,  a miracle (奇迹)happened during the “rebirth” trips. 7. __________ their surprise,  his father got better from illness and became more open-hearted. He even taught himself to play 8. __________ violin,  and then 9. __________ (gradual) he played it very well,  10. __________ encouraged him a lot. Now he is expecting another trip to Africa. He is the most stylish dad ever.  

Time carves (雕刻) his face but youth flows in his blood. This is the real style.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。一位来自江苏省的记者带着他患有癌症的父亲去其他国家旅游, 目的是找到年轻时的自我, 结果奇迹发生了, 他的父亲病好了很多, 而且也变得开朗了。

1. 【解析】countries。考查名词。句意: 一位来自江苏省的记者和他的父亲前往澳大利亚和其他一些国家进行了一次为期3个月的旅行。country为可数名词, 由some修饰, 故应用复数形式, 故填countries。

2. 【解析】working。考查动名词。句意: 他父亲一生中大部分时间都在田地里劳作。固定搭配spend time/ money (in) doing sth. “花费时间/金钱做某事”。故填working。

3. 【解析】amazing。考查形容词。句意: 儿子和他的父亲开始了令人惊讶的环球旅行, 因为他的父亲得了癌症——一种严重的疾病。trips是名词, 指物, 需要用amazing修饰, 表示“令人惊讶的”。故填amazing。

4. 【解析】to take。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这位记者想带他的父亲去旅行, 希望他的父亲能在他最后的日子里找回年轻的自己。want to do sth. 想要做某事, 故填to take。

5. 【解析】travelled。考查时态。句意: 他们旅行了1. 3万多千米, 旅途中在不同的国家拍摄了11万多张照片。分析句子可知, 此处缺少谓语动词; 并且整篇文章的时态是一般过去时。故填travelled。

6. 【解析】their。考查代词。trips为名词, 需用形容词性物主代词修饰, 故填their。

7. 【解析】To。考查介词。句意: 令他们惊讶的是, 他父亲的病好了很多, 而且更加开朗了。固定搭配to one’s surprise “令某人吃惊的是”, 故填To。

8. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 他甚至自学拉小提琴, 渐渐地他拉得很好, 这给了他很大的鼓励。play表示弹奏乐器时, 需在乐器前加定冠词the, 故填the。

9. 【解析】gradually。考查副词。修饰句子使用副词。故填gradually。

10. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句, 分析句子可知, 前面整个句子为定语从句的先行词, 关系代词在定语从句中作主语。故填which。

Ⅷ. 读后续写

　　阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

　　Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house. Mama says all the dust is due to the drought,  not only here in the Oklahoma panhandle(狭长地带) but all over the Great Plains.

The dirt sifts into everything. It covers our clothes. We have to wash the dishes before each meal. It also slips into the automobile horn (喇叭). Although Papa has fixed it,  he fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor. So,  we have to walk to school.

On the way to school,  my sister,  Faye,  and I wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don’t breathe in the dirt. On days when the air is so bad,  they close the school. We stay home and help Mama put sheets over the windows. But the dirt always finds a way in.

Last Sunday,  there was no dirt in the air,  only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky. After lunch,  Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while Mama started dinner. Faye and I played in the yard. The temperature suddenly dropped—it felt good. The heat had been building since dawn.

Then Mama shouted from the house,  “Iris,  you and Faye get inside. Be quick! ”

I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust,  like thick smoke pouring out from a chimney. All the birds flew away. “Faye,  go with Mama! ” I shouted,  “I’ll warn Papa. ”

Faye raced,  toward the house. The storm hit so fast that I barely saw her climb the porch steps. Fine sand heaved against my face and in an instant the day turned into night. I stumbled over our bicycles left carelessly in the yard. I screamed for Papa,  hoping my voice would lead him back.

The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees. I needed to get to shelter. Covering my face with one hand,  I felt my way toward the automobile and I opened the door. Dirt flew in with me as I pulled the door closed. Papa was still out there!  I needed to help him find the automobile. Worried as I was,  I managed to calm myself down.

注意: 续写词数应为150左右。

　　I was figuring out what to do when I caught sight of the switch for the front lights and the horn.  _________________________________________________

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　　Suddenly Papa’s face appeared at the window.

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【参考范文】

　　I was figuring out what to do when I caught sight of the switch for the front lights and the horn. They made some rays,  but I doubted whether Papa would see them in thick darkness or not. I pushed the horn again and again,  hoping Papa would hear it. I was waiting silently in the automobile,  but there was nothing except the wind. I became more and more desperate.

　　Suddenly Papa’s face appeared at the window. Using the clothes to cover his face,  he opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me. He coughed and wiped his eyes with dirty hands,  then pulled me into his arms. I hugged Papa and cried. Papa asked,  “Your mother and Faye? ” I said,  “They are in the house. ” Papa nodded,  “Good. ” Finally,  the huge black cloud of dust cleared off and the dirt started to settle. We went home as Mama walked out. I cried tears of joy because our family had survived the horrible storm.

【方法技巧】

1. 前文主要讲的是作者一家遭遇了突如其来的沙尘暴, 母亲和Faye都进了屋里, 而作者的父亲还在外面, 作者找到了父亲的车, 然后到车里等待父亲。在所给的开头“I was figuring out what to do when I caught sight of the switch for the front lights and the horn. ”中“figure out”意思是“弄清楚”。“Suddenly Papa’s face appeared at the window. ”中的Papa为关键词, 后文都围绕着Papa出现后的事情展开。

2. 高分句型一: I doubted whether Papa would see them in thick darkness or not. 我怀疑爸爸是否会在黑暗中看到它们。本句运用宾语从句。

3. 高分句型二: Finally, the huge black cloud of dust cleared off and the dirt started to settle. 最后, 巨大的黑灰云散去了, 沙尘也停息了。本句运用and连接并列句。