2020版新一线高考英语（译林版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分必修5Unit2　Theenvironment



Unit 2　The environment

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．debate n．& vi.辩论；争论，讨论
2．arrest vt.& n．逮捕
3．conflict vi.冲突，抵触 n．冲突；矛盾
4．decrease vt.& vi.减少 n．减少
5．measure n．措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定
6．range n．范围；一系列；山脉 vi.变化；排序；包括
7．absorb vt.吸收；理解
8．particular adj.特别的；挑剔的
9．conserve vt.保护，保存；节省，节约
10．recycle vt.& vi.回收利用
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased(decrease) pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)We both became absorbed(absorb) in the simplicity of playing together.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Making lovely objects using recycled(recycle) and made materials.
4．(2017·北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
5．On getting off the plane，he got arrested(arrest) by the waiting police.
6．It is high time that we should take some measures(measure) to protect endangered animals.
7．Social progress is normally a matter of struggles and conflicts (conflict)．
8．They sat for hours debating(debate) the advantages and disadvantages of setting up their own firm.
9．Let recycled papers be conserved(conserve) for the many purposes they are more fit for.
拓展单词
1．belief n．看法；信念→believe vt.相信
2．responsible adj.应承担责任的→responsibility n．责任，职责
3．appreciate vt.赞赏；感谢；领会→appreciation n．欣赏；鉴别；感谢
4．impress vt.使印象深刻→impression n．印象→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
5．operate vt.& vi.经营；动手术→operation n．操作；经营；手术→operator n．操作员；话务员
6．legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.非法的，违法的→illegally adv.非法地，违法地
7．consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费→consumer n．消费者，用户，顾客→consumption n．消费
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．A citizen should be filled with a sense of responsibility for his nation.That is to say，he should be responsible for what he does.(responsible)
2．A lift operator was ill and a famous surgeon operated on her at once.Shortly after the operation，the patient picked up.(operate)
3．Hangzhou is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors and its sights never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)
4．The man seized much land illegally．Despite his illegal act，few people thought badly of him.Some people considered that it was legal for him to do so.(legal)
5．I would appreciate it very much if you can give me a hand again.Meanwhile，I want to express my appreciation to you for your helping me before.(appreciate)
6．Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until they've already been consumed．This is called rational consumption．(consume)
阅读词汇
1．consultant n．顾问　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2．customs n．海关；关税
3．administration n．管理；管理部门；施行
4．climate n．气候
5．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆
6．decade n．十年
7．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的
8．quantity n．数量
9．credit n．赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分
拓展联想
1．聚焦goods类似词
①customs海关；进口税
②remains残留物；遗迹
③clothes衣服
④surroundings周围环境
⑤belongings动产；财物
⑥arms武器
2.盘点re-前缀动词
①rebuild重建
②republish重新出版
③recall回忆
④refresh使恢复活力
⑤review回顾；复习
⑥recycle再利用，回收利用
3.速记“环境”相关词
①environment n．环境
②environmental adj.环境的
③pollution n．污染
④waste n．废料，垃圾
⑤atmosphere n．大气层
⑥natural adj.自然的
[短语　多维应用]
高频短语
1．open the floor 自由发言
2．use up 用尽
3．run out (of) 用完，耗尽
4．clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
5．in/with regard to 关于，至于
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
The population of the world is growing larger，and we are ①using up natural resources.What if they ②run out? ③In/With regard to the topic，we held a class meeting and all of the class ④opened the floor at the meeting.

6．cut back on 减少，削减，缩减
7．queue up 排队等候
8．pick out 找出，挑选
9．let off 排放
10．do one's part 尽自己的职责
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
In the past few years，the administration has ⑤done its part in environmental conservation.Now manufacturers are willing to ⑥cut back on the production of vehicles in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide they ⑦let off.

11．under way 进行中
12．in particular 尤其，特别
13．result in 导致
14．in use 在使用中
15．blame...on... 把……归咎于……
16．rely on... for... 依赖……提供……
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
With the development of society，more and more families own their private cars，which has ⑧resulted in the decline of public transport，because many people ⑨rely on cars for transportation.Some experts ⑩blame the worsening environment on cars，and they appeal to people to use public transport more frequently.Meanwhile，more and more undergrounds will be ⑪in use in the near future.

拓展联想
1．“under＋名词”短语秀
①under construction在建造中
②under consideration在考虑中
③under examination在检查中；在审查中
④under control在……的控制之下
⑤under guarantee在保修期内
2.“动词＋out of”短语随手包
①keep out of使不进入，挡住
②come out of从……里出来
③jump out of从……里跳出来
④get out of从……里出来
⑤run out of从……里跑出来；耗尽，用光
3.“in＋ n．”短语联想
①in particular 尤其，特别
②in turn 依次，反过来
③in common 共同，共用
④in detail 详细地
⑤in general 普遍地，一般地
⑥in use 在使用中
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1．the way作先行词的定语从句
First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.
计算机已经改变了我们的工作和娱乐方式。
Computers have changed the way (that/in which) we work and play.
2.What if...？如果……怎么办呢？
What if they run out？
如果下次的月考他还没考好，他将会怎么样呢？
What if he fails in the next monthly examination again？
3.it作形式宾语
I liked it when you told that joke.
(2016·天津卷) 我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙了，不能跟她交谈。
I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.


精讲8个考纲词汇
1．belief n．看法；信念
(1)单句语法填空
①We have a sincere belief in the power of art to enhance human life.
②It's beyond belief that a 14-year-old girl could break the provincial high jump record.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I believe that good manners are very important to everybody.
①(高级表达)I hold the belief that good manners are very important to everybody.(hold the belief that)
②(高级表达)It is my belief that good manners are very important to everybody.(It is one's belief that)
先理解再牢记
(1)beyond belief 难以置信
have (a) belief in 相信
hold the belief that...持有……观点
It is one's belief that...某人相信……
(2)believe in 信任；信赖；相信(……的存在)
believe it or not 信不信由你
It is believed that...人们相信……
[佳句背诵]　It is believed that he has told the truth.＝He is believed to have told the truth.
2.operate vt.经营，管理；操作 vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用
(1)单句语法填空
①It is said that some new rules will come/go into operation next month.
②Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
这位病人非常危险，所以医生们决定立刻给他动手术。
①The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to operate on him immediately.(operate)
②The patient was in great danger，so the doctors decided to do/perform an operation on him immediately.(operation)
先理解再牢记
(1)operate on sb.(for...) (因某病)给某人动手术
(2)come/go into operation 生效，实行
be in operation 运转中，实施中
put/bring...into operation实施；实行
do/perform an operation on给……动手术
[佳句背诵]　It's reported that the new law will be brought/put into operation next month.
3.impress vt.使印象深刻；盖印；使铭记，使牢记

(1)单句语法填空
①My father impressed the importance of honesty on/upon me.
②The little boy impressed me with his big and bright eyes the first time I saw him.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)He impressed me deeply with his performance at the concert.
①(高级表达)I was deeply impressed with/by his performance at the concert.(impress)
②(高级表达)His performance at the concert left/made a deep impression on me．(impression)
先理解再牢记
(1)be impressed by/with 被……打动；对……有深刻印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.(＝impress on/upon sb.sth.) 使某人铭记某事
impress sb.with sth.使某人牢记某事
(2)make/leave a deep impression on sb./one's memory 给某人留下深刻的印象
[佳句背诵]　Everyone was dressed in their best clothes，eager to make a good impression on us.
4.measure n．措施，方法；尺度 vt.测量；估量，判定 vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为

(1)单句语法填空
①Education should not be measured only by examination results.
②Measures have been taken to solve(solve) traffic problems in big cities.
③In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 meters.
(高级表达) There are some tall trees on the hill，some measuring 30 meters．(用独立主格结构)
先理解再牢记
(1)take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
make...to one's measure 依照某人的尺寸做……
beyond measure无法估量；极度；非常
(2)measure...by...用……来衡量……
[名师点津]　①measure作“措施”讲时，常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等时)”，可看成系动词，不用被动语态及进行时态，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。
[佳句背诵]　He was delighted beyond measure to run into an old friend.
5．range n．(变动)范围；一系列；分类；山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列
(1)单句语法填空
①There is a range of mountains in my hometown.
②If we are beyond range of the signal，our phones can't be used.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The temperature changes a lot and it ranges between 18 and 35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.
(高级表达)The temperature changes a lot，ranging from 18 to 35 degrees centigrade in July in this city.
先理解再牢记
(1)in/within range of 在……范围内
beyond/out of range (of)　超出/不在(……的)范围
a range of 一系列的
(2)range from...to...从……到……变化/不等
range between...and...在……之间变动
[佳句背诵]　Some see more than others，but few see everything that is within range of their vision.
6.appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解

(1)单句语法填空
①I really appreciate my teacher helping (help) me with math in his spare time.
②Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights.
(高级表达)I would appreciate it if you could turn off the lights.(appreciate)
先理解再牢记
(1)appreciate (sb./one's) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……，我会感激不尽
(2)in appreciation of 欣赏；感激
express/convey/show...appreciation to sb.对某人表达……的感谢
7.absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；理解；使全神贯注

(1)单句语法填空
①Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed(absorb) into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.
②When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
③The novel was so absorbing (absorb) that she read on without a break.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The singer was absorbed in his singing.The singer forgot to have his lunch.
(高级表达)Absorbed in his singing，the singer forgot to have his lunch.(用过去分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)absorb knowledge/information 掌握知识/信息
absorb one's attention/the attention of sb.吸引某人的注意
absorb...into...把……吸入……
absorb oneself in...全神贯注于……
(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的
be absorbed in...全神贯注于……
(3)absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
[名师点津]　be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。
8.responsibility n．责任，职责
(1)单句语法填空
①The court feels it has a responsibility to ensure (ensure) that customers are not misled.
②You should be responsible for what you did.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Police believe that the same man is responsible for three other murders in the area.
(高级表达) Police believe that the same man takes/bears the responsibility for three other murders in the area.(responsibility)
先理解再牢记
(1)have the/a responsibility to do...有责任/有义务做……
bear/take the responsibility for 承担对……的责任，为……负责
a sense of responsibility 责任感
(2)be responsible for 应对……负责；对……有责任
[佳句背诵]　Since the death of his parents，he has had a strong sense of responsibility.
诠释2个核心短语
1．run out (of) 用完，耗尽

(1)单句语法填空
①So many places of interest does Beijing offer that most visitors simply ran out of time before visiting them all.
②I ran across some old letters while I was clearing out a drawer.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
这个男孩用完了钱，因此他不得不向父母求助。
①The boy's money ran out so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)
②The boy ran out of his money so he had to ask his parents for help.(run)
③The boy's money gave out/was used up so he had to ask his parents for help.(give/use)
先理解再牢记
run out 结束；用完(主语为物，无被动语态)
run across 偶然遇到；穿过
run after 追赶；追求
run into 撞上；偶然遇见
[易错辨析]　表示“用完”，run out，give out为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物(时间、食物、金钱等)；run out of和use up为及物动词短语，其主语一般为人。
2.pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白

(1)写出下列句中pick out的含义
①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑选
②There were so many people at the conference that I couldn't pick him out.辨认出
③Having read the passage many times，I finally picked out its main idea.领会
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
他的小说被评委们评为最佳作品。
His story was picked out as the best by the judges.
先理解再牢记
pick up 拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染
pick on 挑选；招惹；找茬儿；责备
pick off 摘去；逐个毁掉；瞄准射击
[佳句背诵]　It was surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long.
突破2个高考句型
1．(教材P25) What if they run out? 如果它们用完了怎么办呢？
[句型公式]　What if...？意为“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”
(1)单句语法填空
①What if anything should happen to the child?
②How about going shopping and seeing a show in London?
③Seven months ago I never would have believed this，but guess what? Bart Conner is on that team.
(2)[句式升级]——链接写作
(普通表达)If I fall sick and can't work，what shall I do?
(高级表达)What if I fall sick and can't work?
先理解再牢记
(1)What if...？为省略结构。what if用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(通常为should＋动词原形)。
(2)What for? 为何目的，为何理由？
What/How about...? ……怎么样？
Guess what? 你猜怎么着？
2.(教材P31) I liked it when you told that joke．我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。
[句型公式]　句中like是及物动词，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的从句。
(1)单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
①I don't like when the weather gets really cold.like后加it
②We can depend on that he will arrive here on time.on后加it
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
①我不喜欢被单独留下来和一个陌生人聊天。
I dislike/hate it when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.
②我可以保证一切都会及时准备就绪。
I can see to it that everything is ready in time.
先理解再牢记
(1)英语中在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而用it作形式宾语，然后再加宾语从句作真正的宾语，这类动词有appreciate，enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer等。
(2)一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语然后加真正的宾语，常见的有depend on，rely on，see to(确保)等。
(3)在take it for granted that...中也有这类用法。


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Emergency measures have been taken (take) to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide so far.
2．The belief (believe) that one should work hard is rooted in our culture.
3．Since her arrival (arrive) at the department，she has been a reorganized authority on the subject.
4．I hate it when you don't say what you are thinking.
5．However，just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades(decade) has gone on reducing risks in advance.
6．We opened the floor to the different suggestions that they had made at the meeting.
7．She has had a number of different jobs，ranging (range) from chef to swimming instructor.
8．We would appreciate you letting (let) us know of any problem.
9．People who eat slowly tend to consume(consume) about 70 fewer calories per meal than those who rush through their meals.
10．Don't worry.If anything goes wrong，I'll take responsibility for it.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
1．When I came in，I saw my son sitting under the tree，absorbing in his video games.absorbing→absorbed
2．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measured over 90 meters.measured→measuring
3．Many teachers hold a belief which extended studying time doesn't necessarily improve their students' grades.which→that
4．The doctors decided to operate the patient for his lung cancer.operate后加on
5．Our food has been run out，so we must go to the market before our guests arrive.去掉been
6．The apartment is too small and I want one three times the larger.去掉第二个the
7．Large quantities of sand was washed down the hillside by the rain.was→were
8．Their account of the event was in the conflict with ours.去掉第二个the
9．I believe that the more books I read，the much more knowledge I learn.去掉much
10．It was shocking that the mayor was arrested after he took office for little than a year.little→less

Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P22－23课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People are having a debate about 1．whether to develop the economy or protect the environment.2.In Lin Shuiqing's opinion，it is our duty 3.to cut (cut) back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.While Qian Liwei thinks that businessmen are not greedy and they don't hide their 4.responsibilities (responsibility) either.As far as he 5．is concerned (concern)，the people 6.operating (operate) these factories are 7.deeply(deep) concerned about the environment，and we should give 8.them more credit.In fact，many people are willing to pay a little 9．higher (high) price for things that are 10.friendly (friend) to the environment.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．随着经济的发展，环境变得越来越糟。(with the development of)
2．到了我们采取措施来保护环境的时候了。(take measures)
3．培养责任感是非常重要的。(sense of responsibility)
4．意识到环保的重要性，我们才会尽职尽责。(realize，do one's part)
5．我们应该尝试改变我们的生活方式。(try to change)
6．对于使用过的东西，要将其回收利用。(recycle)
7．我们应该尽力减少环境污染，以使我们生活得更美好。(cut back on，live a better life)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
















第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
With the development of economy，the environment is getting worse by worse.It's time that we take measures to protect it.Firstly，it's very important to develop our sense of responsibility.Only when we realize the importance of protecting the environment is we willing to do our parts for it.Secondly，we should try to change our way of life.Thirdly，recycle the things that have not been used.Above all，we should try our best to cut back on pollution of the environment in order to live a good life.
【答案】
With the development of economy，the environment is getting worse worse.It's time that we 或 measures to protect it.Firstly，it's very important to develop our sense of responsibility.Only when we realize the importance of protecting the environment we willing to do our parts for it.Secondly，we should try to change our way of life.Thirdly，recycle the things that have been used.Above all，we should try our best to cut back on pollution of the environment in order to live a life.