主谓一致 课件2025届英语高考一轮复习语法部分

这是一份主谓一致 课件2025届英语高考一轮复习语法部分，共56页。PPT课件主要包含了Content，are，has，have，were，support，主谓一致，needs，speaks，iswas等内容，欢迎下载使用。
What is Subject-verb agreement
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Hw t slve prblems
一、定义：主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致.（1）语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致（2）意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致（3）就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致
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（1）表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。When and where t g fr the n-salary hliday has nt been decided yet.带薪度假的时间和地点还没决定 （2）“ne/either/neither/each f＋复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Either f the stries is very funny.这两个故事都很有趣。（3）smething，everything，anything，nthing，smebdy, nbdy，n ne等不定代词作主语，谓语通常用单数。Nthing is impssible.没有不可能的事。
（4）表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数Ten punds was missing frm the bx.Fifty dllars is a large sum fr a kid. Thirty minutes is enugh fr the wrk. Three thusand miles is a lng distance.Fifty kilgrams is nt t heavy t be carried.看作整体，谓语动词用单数。One hundred cents make a dllar.Fifty years have passed since their marriage.强调数目，位于用复数。
（5）主语后有with，tgether with，alng with，except，besides，as well as，but, rather than, including, in additin t,like等词或短语时，谓语动词的数要与这些词或短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致(因为with等词为介词，其后跟的名词只能是介宾，不可能充当主语)。Mr．Green tgether with his children ges t the park every Sunday.Everyne except yu is dwn n me. (lk dwn n)Nbdy but tw students is in the classrm.Jack, rather than（而不是）Tm, is punished by the teacher
（6）what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。What surprised me mst was his attitude twards his study.最令我惊讶的是他对学习的态度What her father left her are nly sme bks.她父亲留给她的只有一些书（7）such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。Such is Stephen Hawking，wh has suffered a great deal but achieved s much.这就是史蒂芬·霍金，他经受了很多痛苦但也取得了许多成就Such are the results we have gt.这些就是我们所取得的成果
（8）有计量单位名词修饰的不可数名词充当句子主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式，由计量单位名词的单、复数形式决定。There is a cup f tea n the table.桌子上有一杯茶Hw many bttles f milk are there in the bx?箱子里有多少瓶牛奶？（9）非谓语动词作做主语 一般是单数，若是两个或两个以上动作时，用复数形式。T see is t believe.／ Seeing is believing.Lying and stealing are immral.
（10）从句做主语一般是单数，若是两个或两个以上名词性从句做主语时，用复数形式。That they will win is certain.what/whatever/which引导的从句做主语时，有时要看它们代指的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。What he said is true. What we need are mre vlunteers.
（11）有两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，有a pair f修饰时要用单数 glasses, shes, bts, pants, chpsticks, scissrs, sck,strusers,clthes, My glasses were brken while playing ftball yesterday.A pair f glasses is lying under the desk.
（12）amunt和quantity作主语 a (large) amunt f +U.N.+V(sing.) (large) amunts f +U.N. +V(pl.) a large quantity f +C.N/U.N.+V(sing.). A (large) amunt/quantity f+N.+V单数 large quantities f+C.N/U.N. +V(pl.) amunts／quantities f+N.+V复数 Large amunts f mney were spent n the bridge. a lt f/lts f a lt f students are lts f mney is…a quantity f 后即可接复数名词，亦可接不可数名词。如果 a quantity f 接不可数名词，则谓语用单数形式；如果 a quantity f 接复数名词，则谓语 通常采用复数形式。quantities f 后接复数名词或不可数名词，后面的谓语 都用复数形式。Large quantities f time have been spent n the discussin.
（13）名词所有格作主语the baker’s the dctr‘s the Zhang’s My baker's is nt far frm here
（14）用and连接的主语 一般均用复数，但表同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式 ①指同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数and 后面的名词前没有冠词The pet and writer has cme. The pet and the writer have cme(两个人）The teacher and dancer is a friend f my father’s.②成对的名词 （表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数 ） bread and butter 涂黄油的面包 sda and water 汽水 cffee and milk 加牛奶的咖啡 a knife and frk 一副刀叉 salt and water 盐开水... A knife and frk is n the table. ③Early t bed and early t rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
④“并列形容词修饰名词”做主语一个单数名词或不可数名词被几个用 and 连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以 指一件事或几件事，这种名词做主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语 动词的单复数形式。English and American literature are appealing t her. Simple and plain living is a fine quality.and 连接的两个what 从句做主语 What he says and des d nt agree.
（1）“every/each/n＋名词＋and every/each/n＋名词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Every by and every girl is playing sprts nw. Every minute and Every secnd is precius.N man and n wman is allwed t enter the hall.（2）“ne＋单数名词＋and a half”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。One apple and a half was n the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果ne and a half后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。One and a half apples is (are) left n the table.
（3）“mre than ne＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Mre than ne student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试不及格 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有n, each, every mre than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the rm.. / N by and n girl likes it.
（4）“many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a child was playing there. 很多孩子在那边玩（5）在定语从句中，关系代词如果在从句中作主语，根据先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数；在“ne f＋复数名词＋wh/that/which”引导的从句中，谓语动词用复数；但之前有the(nly)等修饰语时，从句中的谓语动词用单数。Mary is the nly ne f the students in ur schl wh has ever been t China. ne f + 复数名词 + 单数谓语 One f the students is frm the suth.
（6）the rest，the remaining/part…＋主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定The factry used three fifths f the raw materials，the rest f which were saved fr ther purpses. 工厂用了这种原材料的五分之三，剩余部分节省出来作为他用（7）分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所表示的意义Abut 50% f the land is suitable t grw plants. 大约50%的土地适合种植物Abut 80% f the peple in the city bject t the price f running water ging up. 这个城市中大约80%的人反对自来水价格上调
（8）无标记的复数名词作主语 peple, cattle, plice, yuthThe plice were sent t keep rder immediately.强调整体用单数， 强调成员用复数 Our class _____ ( is / are ) a great ne. Our class _____ ( is / are ) music lvers. His family _____ (is/are) a large ne. His family _____ (is/are) watching TV tgether.
（9）单复数同形的名词作主语根据表达的意义决定动词的单复数sheep, deer, fish, means, wrks, Japanese, Chinese, crssrads, series, species Every pssible means has been used t prevent the air pllutin.All pssible means have been used t prevent the air pllutin.（10）the+adj/dne①表示一类人，做主语时 V（pl）②表示一个人或一种抽象概念或品质时 V（sing）The rich are t help the pr.The beautiful is nt always useful.
（11）集体名词作主语——根据意义决定谓语动词的单复数形式①表示整体，为单数；②表示个体（多个人），为复数常考集体名词：army, audience, class, club, cmmittee,enemy, crwd, family, gvernment, militia, grup, majrity, minrity, part, public, staff, team, trp, flck, firm (cmpany, crpratin), yuth.注意：peple, plice, cattle也为集体名词，但只有复数含义
（12）表示学科的名词作主语 physics, mathematics, ecnmics, plitics（13）国家、单位、书、报刊作主语时 The United States The New Yrk Times书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。“The Arabian Nights”is an interesting stry-bk.（14）a number f 与 the number f
（15）算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式Twelve plus eight is twenty. Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.
（16）“kind (frm, type, srt, species, prtin, series) f”等修饰的主语， 其谓语动词形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是后面所跟名词的单复数。The new type f buses is nw n shw.
（1）谓语动词的人称和数常常与其最接近的主语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有r，nt…but…，either…r…，neither… nr…，nt nly… but als…等Either I r they are respnsible fr the result f the matter. 要么他们要么我为这个事情的结果负责（2）在倒装句中谓语常与后面最接近的主语一致In the distance was heard the clapping f hands and the shuts f the peple. 远处传来拍手声和人们的喊叫声
（3）当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。here引起的句子与此用法相同There is a pen，a knife and several bks n the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔、一把刀和几本书Here is a pen，a few envelpes and sme paper in the drawer. 在抽屉里有一支钢笔、几个信封和一些纸 特别提示：就近一致原则也适用于疑问句。在疑问句里，同样是依据最近的主语的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数。Is either Tm r yu t be sent t wrk there?是你或者汤姆要被派去那里工作吗？
1.The by with the tw dgs (sleep)when the earthquake rcked the city.【参考答案】 was sleeping2.Everyne except Tm and Jhn (be)there when the meeting began.【参考答案】 was3.Nw Tmwith his classmates (play)ftball n the playgrund.【参考答案】is playing1.Either Jane r Steven (watch) TV nwch.【参考答案】 is watching2.Neither Li Ping nr I (be)a basketball player.【参考答案】am3.Ntnly Tm but als his wife (be)fnd f watching televisin.【参考答案】 is
4.There (be)a desk, tw beds and fur chairs in the rm. 【参考答案】 is 3.The number f pages in this dictinary (be)abut tw thusand.【参考答案】is4.The audience (be)s large that n seat was left unccupied in the great hall.【参考答案】 was5.Either f yu (be)ging there tnight.【参考答案】 is6.All but Dick (be)in Class Three this term.【参考答案】 are
1. The number f freign students attending Chinese university are rising steadily. （单句改错）----are改为is2. -Nt nly Jeff but als Laura have gt an invitatin t the party. -Oh, they are bth very lucky.（单句改错） ----have改为has3. What impresses the readers mst is (be) the authr's humr and wisdm. - 4. With mre frests being destryed, huge quantities f gd earth is (be) washed away each year.5. He has dnated sme mney t thse wh live in pverty, which is (be) f great help.6. Being creative lks (lk) like a gd way t add years t yur life.
7. The huse was within a stne's thrw f a railway statin frm which there were (be) frequent trains t the big city. 8. Either yu r ne f yur students are (be) ging t attend the meeting that is due tmrrw. 9. One-third f the cuntry is (be) cvered with trees and the majrity f the citizens are (be) black peple.10. The ppulatin f Jiangsu grws (grw) t mre than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is nw appraching 74 millin.
1.The brain benefits were seen(see) amng peple wh ate rughly ne and a third cups f raw greens a day, r abut a half­ cup f cked dark, leafy a result, many have argued that the current perid f glbal warming is (be) part f a natural pattern and the human rle in creating it has been graduatin ceremny takes place at the end f May r beginning f June, which usually includes (include) music, awards, and a guest the 5G era appraches (apprach), ne f the key cncerns fr telecm peratrs will be hw they can use 5G netwrks t meet the needs f high­ density birds is (be) gd fr everyne . Birders enjy watching the birds, while the birds get enugh fd t survive in big , peple wh have dne related researches believe that the full mn affects (affect) human behavirs t sme degree.
Our grup are reading the newspaper. Our grup is a united ne. My family is a large ne. The family are sitting at the breakfast table. Many a persn has that kind f pprtunity. 很多人都有那种机遇。 Mre than ne man has been dismissed. 不止一人被解雇了。
Yur shes are clean while his are dirty. Such is ur plan. All (any/sme/nne) are here and all is ready.
② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有n, each, every mre than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the rm.. / N by and n girl likes it.
a pair f, a bttle f, a piece f,
tw pairs f, tw bttles f, tw pieces f,
all f, sme f, any f, a lt f, mst f, nne f, half f, the rest f
PrnunsRead the fllwing sentences and summarize the rules：All f us are here fr lunch.All is silent n the island.all指人用复数,指物用单数—Hw many apples d we hiave?—Three. All _______hereall强调数目,依据具体语境及句意
代词each, every ne, n ne, anther, the ther, either, neither或 "sme/any/n/every+ne/thing/bdy"构成的复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。We went t see a cuple f huses, but neither was suitable. 我们去看了两处房子,但都不合适。
trusers(裤子),clthes(衣服),glasses(眼镜),chpsticks(筷子),scissrs(剪刀),cmpasses(圆规),glves(手套)等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。但当主语被kind f/type f/pair f等修饰时,谓语动词的形式通常根据kind/type/pair等的数来确定。 Jim’s trusers are brwn. 吉姆的裤子是棕色的。 This pair f trusers was made by Mr. Li. 这条裤子是李先生做的。
有题有真相1. All is (be) ging well.2. All are (be) agreed n this pint.3. A number f children like (like) this sng.4. The number f traffic accidents has (have) increased.5. Huge quantities f il was (be) spilling int the sea.6. 80% f the ppulatin f ur cuntry was (be) peasants.
有题有真相1. The teacher and writer is (be) frm Hunan.2. The teacher and the writer are (be) frm Hunan.3. The yung are (be)full f energy.4. The new is (be) sure t replace the ld.
以复数形式结尾的名词的考点
有题有真相1. Mathematics seems (seem) t be difficult t him.2. Her clthes are (be) black and my trusers are (be) white.
有题有真相1. The family was (be) ging t mve t New Yrk 2. His family were (be) all music lvers.
3. 单复数同形：Every pssible means (have) been tried. All pssible means (have) been tried.That fish (be) very fresh. Several fish (be) caught yesterday.
means (方法）species (物种; 种类）——复数形式 fish (几条鱼）deer (鹿）sheep (绵羊）——单数形式
表示单数意义, 谓V. 用单数; 表示复数意义, 谓V. 用复数。
5. sme/mst/the rest/分数/百分数+f+名词 , Mst f the wrkers (be) in supprt f the plan. Mst f the water in the bttle (be) drank by the by yesterday. The rest f the mney (be) given t my mther yesterday. The rest f the apples (be) eaten by my sister last night.One­third f the prject (have) been finished up t nw. Eighty five percent f the students (have) finished their hmewrk.
谓V. 与f 后的名词保持一致。
3. “许多...”，谓语V. 用复数； “...的数量”，谓语V. 用单数。 The number f the bks (be) n mre than 100 and a number f them (be) are cheap. 4. “许多...，大量...”, 谓语V.的单复数形式与amunt和quantity的词形保持一致。A great quantity f mney (be)spent n the prject last year.Large quantities f sand (be)washed dwn the hill by the rain yestersay.
表示"……加(减、乘、除)……(等于……)"的结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 99 and 2 is 101. 99加上2等于101。 Tw times fur makes eight.2乘以4等于8。
2. Tw thirds f the students____bserving the behavir f the birds. Sixty percent f the water___ delivered t the Nrtheast China.(be)
总结:百分比/分数/a majrity f/a wrld f/half f/plenty f + 名词 做主语，谓语动词与_________________________保持一致。
f 后面的名词的单复数
五、---f +名词的用法
2). the rest f / all f / mst f / part f / half f /… percent f / ne third f ,etc + 名词,谓语动词的单复数取决于f 后面的名词表示的意义。
Twenty percent f the members__________(supprt) Terry Lin, which makes him rank first.
五、---f +名词的用法
nne f（一个也没有），neither f（两者都不），either f（两者之一）后接复数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。e.g. Neither f us speaks Russian.
3. “kind, srt, pair, type +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。 4. all, nne, sme, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the fd tastes gd. 5. “half / mst / enugh / part / the rest / the last / lts / plenty / 分数、百分数 + f + 名词”作主语: 谓语动词要和 f 之后的名词单复数保持一致。
A part f the students have arrived.A part f the apple has been eaten by the muse.the rest f, half f, majrity f, part f, a lt f, lts f, ne f, a number f, a plenty f, percent f 以及分数词等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于f后面名词的人称和数。
单复数同形的名词作主语时, 谓语形式要根据句义来确定,常见的这类名词有deer, fish , means, sheep, species , series , wrks, 等。The species f fish are numerus . 鱼的种类繁多。This species f rse is very curius . 这种玫瑰花很奇特。
Subject-verb agreement
二、完成下列句子，确定谓语动词的形式(注意时态和语态)1. The prblem ________ (need) further discussin and we'll discuss it next Wednesday.2. All the emplyees in this jint venture ____________ (pay) by the jb.3. Since all _____ (be) ready and all f us _______ (be) here, let's begin ur meeting.4. The dctr and teacher ________ (speak) gd English thanks t having lived abrad fr years.
are /were paid
___________
____________________
___________________
5. Grwing vegetables ___ (need) cnstant watering.6. T be a pilt _______ (be) his dream.　7. When he will be set free frm the prisn ________ (remain) a big prblem.8. Neither the hstess nr her children______ (like) ht fd, s please dn‘t add bk and each dictinary here_____________ (publish) by BNUP last family ______ (be) a big ne.
was published
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_________________________________
______ ___
__________________________
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