状语从句 课件-2025届英语高考一轮复习语法部分

这是一份状语从句 课件-2025届英语高考一轮复习语法部分，共47页。PPT课件主要包含了Content，什么是状语，什么是从句，什么是状语从句，牢记连词，牢记固定句式结构，据主从句逻辑关系选词，做题三部曲等内容，欢迎下载使用。
What is the Adverbial Clauses
related cncept
Hw t slve prblems
(1) 状语是用来修饰 的一种句子成分。(2)充当状语的成分: 。
v. adj. adv. 整个句子
adv. 非谓语动词、介词短语、从句等
⑶例句：①A by walked slwly. 他慢慢地走着。②A girl std there waiting fr him. 一个女孩站在那里等着他。③He met her under a lemn tree. 他在一棵柠檬树下遇见她。④The girl lked at him silently when the by walked up t her. 当那个男孩走近她时，女孩沉默地看着她。
(1) 从句是充当主句的 某个成分 的句子,相当于 。(2)从句的分类: 。
n. adj. adv.
名词性从句/定语从句/状语从句
主语从句/宾语从句/表语从句/同位语从句
(1) 定义: 状语从句是用来修饰主句中的 ，并在主句中充当 的句子；表示 。(2)结构: 。(3)引导词：3类——单个的词；短语；关联结构(4)分类：9大状语从句
v. adj. adv.或整个主句
时间/地点/原因；目的/条件/结果；让步/比较/方式
①主句+引导词+状语从句；②引导词+状语从句，主句
时间/地点/原因 状语从句
目的/条件/结果 状语从句
让步/比较/方式 状语从句
考点1：when，while, as的用法 when: “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作 同时发生 eg.When yu apply fr a jb，yu must present yur certificates. 当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证件。 while: “当……时候”，一般只可与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生 eg.Mary made cffee while her guests were finishing their meal. 客人们就要吃完饭的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。 as: “随着……; 一边...一边...”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生 eg.As he grew lder，he became less active. 随着他逐渐长大，他变得不那么活泼了。 eg. 我小时候和爷爷奶奶住在乡下。 . 当我睡觉时，她正在看电影。 . 随着年龄的增长, 你会越来越了解自己。 .
I lived in the cuntryside with my grandparents when I was yung
She was watching a mvie while I was sleeping
As yu grw lder, yu will knw better and better abut yurself
考点1：when，while, as的用法如果主句表示的是短暂性动词，而从句用延续性动词的进行时，表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者皆可。 eg.When/ While/ As I was walking dwn the street , I came acrss an ld friend . eg.When/ While/ As we were still laughing, the teacher came in.when 不可被as, while 替代的情况:1.when 也可作为并列连词，连接两个并列句,“那时”，“这时”=and then , and at that time eg.We were abut t g ut when the teacher came in.2. when 还可译为 “在…的情况下” eg.Why did yu walk there when yu have a car?3.关于when 的固定搭配
☆be abut t d sth when... 即将做某事时发生了另一件事☆be n the pint f ding sth. when 正要做某事时发生了另一件事☆be ding sth. when 正在做某事时发生了另一件事☆had dne sth. when 刚做某事时发生了另一件事
考点2：befre 与 since 的用法(1)befre表示“在……之前；还未…就…；还没有来得及…就…; 不到…就…；……才; 趁……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre… （d） 过了多久才…… ②It wn’t be/ wasn’t＋lng＋ befre… 不久就…… ③It was＋一段时间＋befre…（did） 过了多久才…… eg. We need t get t the rt f the prblem befre we can slve it. 在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。 eg.Befre they reached the statin, the train had gne. 他们还没到火车站，火车已开走了。
考点2：befre 与 since 的用法(2)since意为“自……以来”，since从句谓语动词一般为短暂性动词常用句式：It is/ has been＋一段时间＋ since从句(常用过去时)。 eg. He has written t me frequently since he was ill. 自从病好以来，他经常给我写信。 eg. He has written t me frequently since he went abrad 自从他出国以来，经常给我写信。since 从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，即：现完/现完进行时＋since＋从句（一般过去时） eg.As is reprted，it is ver 100 years since Qinghua University was funded. 正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。作介词时，since后要接时间点，而不是时间段； eg.He has been writing the bk since five years ag .
若did为短暂性动词，则直译若did为延续性动词，则反译
考点3：till 与until 的用法（1）用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词（某动作一直延续到某时间 才停止）；（2）用于否定句表示表示“直到……才……”，nt… until/till…，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词（某动作直到某时间 才开始）；（3）until 可用于句首，而till 不能；（4）强调句和倒装句中，nt… until…应该视为一个整体，同时被强调或置于句首； eg. He didn’t start the lessn until the pupils settled dwn. 等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。 eg. It was nt until yu tld me that I had any idea. eg. Nt until yu tld me did I have any idea f it.
考点4：hardly…when…的用法在hardly…when…，……,n sner…than…结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。 eg. I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我回家。当这些词位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 eg. He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a sft tuch n his shulder. eg. Hardly had he fallen asleep when he felt a sft tuch n his shulder.
考点5：介词短语upn/n ding sth./ne’s + n.作时间状语,意为“一…就…”美国学生一到来，我们就给他们热情地欢迎。 eg. On arriving, we gave the American students a warm welcme. eg. On their arrival, we gave the American students a warm welcme.
考点1：where 与 whereverwhere意为“在某个地方”，wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 eg. Yu can sit wherever yu like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。考点2：辨析地状与定从方法：作状语，则状从；作定语，则定从； eg. This is the piace where we used t live a few years. eg. Let’s g where can find a better jb.
考点1：引导词的辨析下列情况下只能使用because：(1)在回答why的问句时；(2)在用于强调句型时；(3)被nt所否定时。考点2：表原因的介词短语because f , thanks t , due t , wing t , n accunt f , as a result/ cnsequence f, in view f
考点3：fr引导表原因的并列句，是对某种情况推断或解释，对补充说明根据什么推断出前一分句的结果 eg. It must have rained last night, fr the grund is still wet. eg. He must have gne t bed , fr the light is ut. eg. There must be n ne in the huse， fr the dr is clsed.考点4: when也可表“既然”，引导原因状语从句Hw can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching televisin? 既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了, 还怎么能学到东西呢?
考点1：s…that…与such…that…的用法(1) 的用法①s + adj./adv + that从句 eg. She was s beautiful that everyne wanted t marry(娶) her. She ran s quickly that n ne culd catch up with(追上) her. ②s + adj.+a(n) +可数名词单数+ that从句 eg. She was s beautiful a princess that everyne wanted t marry her.③s+ many/ much / few / little + n. + that从句(2) 的用法①such.+a(n) +adj+可数名词单数+that从句 eg. She was such a beautiful princess that everyne wanted t marry her. ②such+adj./adv+不可数名词/可数名词复数+that从句 eg. They were s beautiful princesses that everyne wanted t marry them.
考点2：s that 引导的结状与目状的区别s that 引导目状时，可置于句首，从句谓语部分常用情态动词can、may、culd 等，可以用in rder t 代替，s that 引导结状时，不可放句首，从句谓语部分一般无情态动词 eg. We gt up early s that we culd catch the train. （强调早起的目的，结果未明） eg. We gt up early s that we caught the train. （强调早起的结果：赶上火车）考点3：nly t d 表示出乎意料的结果 eg. He gt t the statin finally, nly t find the train had left.考点4：在such that 的结果状语从句中，such=s + 形容词 eg. His anger was s explsive that he lst cntrl f himself. = His anger was such that he lst cntrl f himself.考点5：结果状语从句的倒装（只有从句倒装，主句不倒装） eg. S fast des light travel that it’s difficult fr us t imagine its speed. eg. Such a fl was he that he believed him.
考点1：主将从现 eg.If yu cheat in the exam yu’ll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。考点2：条件状从分为：真实性条件句（有可能实现），非真实性条件句（条件与事实相反或在说话者看来不太可能实现的事），后者应用虚拟语气 eg. If yu wrk hard , yu will make prgress. (真实性条件句) eg. If yu wrk hard , yu wuld have passed the exam. (非真实性条件句/ 虚拟条件句)
考点3：区分2组引导词① if 如果;假如(指正面的条件) VS unless 除非(指反面的条件) = if ... nt 如果...不... eg. If it rains tmrrw, I wn't g ut. 如果明天下雨，我就不出门。 I will g ut unless it rains tmrrw. 我要出门除非明天下雨。 = If it desn't rain tmrrw, I will g ut. 如果明天不下雨，我就出门。② nly if：“只有...才...” , 引导的从句用陈述语气 if nly：“如果...就好了”，引导的从句用虚拟语气 eg. Only if yu are strng enugh, yu can prtect yur family. 你只有足够强大, 才能保护家人。 If nly I had knwn it, I wuldn't have missed the chance t imprve myself.③s lng as=as lng as 只要 eg. I will help yu as lng as/as lng as yu keep prmise. 只要你信守承诺, 我会帮你。④suppse/suppsing (that)+从句=prvided/prviding (that)+从句=assuming (that)+从句 如果;假如,假设 eg.Suppse/Suppsing/Prvided/Prviding/Assuming (that) she can be mre cnfident, she wn't miss this chance. 假如她能更自信, 她就不会错失这次机会。
考点1：语序问题althugh引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；thugh引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即n./adj/adv/ v.+as +主谓，特殊：①名词前无冠词，若是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，前置时要省略冠词。译为“尽管、虽然”②行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，culd，will，wuld等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个d(des或did)。若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。 eg. Child as / thugh he is (Thugh he is a child)， he has t make a living. eg. Yungest as/thugh he is in ur class，he speaks English best. eg. Beautiful as / thugh she is，she never feels prud. eg. Much as / thugh I respect him , I can’t agree t his prpsal. eg. Try as / thugh yu might, yu can't catch me. eg. Search as they wuld here and there，they culd find nthing in the rm.
考点2：表让步的介词短语despite、in spite f 、despite the fact that、in spite f the fact that eg. I had a very gd time althugh I didn’t knw anybdy at the party. eg. I had a very gd time despite the fact that I didn’t knw anybdy at the party. eg. Althugh we tried ur best t save the schl, the gvernment decided t clse it. eg. Despite all ur effrts t save the schl, the gvernment decided t clse it.
考点3：其他问题althugh与thugh都可以与yet，still 连用，但不能和but 连用。while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。even if与even thugh引导让状时，可用虚语，也可以用陈述语气，前者事情已经发生；后者事情尚未发生。 ...引导的状从，译为“无论是...还是...”When引导让步状语从句置于主句后，“虽然…却…”。 eg. Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/even if he desn't get much exercise. 蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。 eg. While I admit his gd pints, I still feel it unwise t ffer him this imprtant psitin. 尽管我承认他的好成绩，但我依然感觉给他这个重要的职位不够明智。 eg. He walks when he might take a taxi. 虽然他可以乘出租车，但他却步行。
考点1：方从表示动作方式，as前常用just 加强语气 eg. When in Rme , d as the Rmans d. 入乡随俗 eg. I did just as the teacher did. eg. He refuses t spend time with us r d as we tell him. (as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照 、正如”)考点2：方从表示动作方式，as前常用just 加强语气as if或as thugh的意义和用法基本一样；从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反。 eg. He did everything as if he were the bss. 他做每件事都像老板一样。 eg. He cleared his thrat as if he wanted t say smething. (是事实或者具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气)
eg. When he ges ut，he ften wears sunglasses s that/in rder that nbdy/n ne can recgnize him. 他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，以便没人能认出他。 eg. I shall write it dwn lest (以免) I shuld frget. 考点1：辨析① 主句+in rder t+动宾短语 ② 主句+s as t+动宾短语 ③ 主句+in rder that+从句 ④ 主句+s that+从句 (2)例句：① I pen the windw breathe(vt.呼吸) the fresh air.② He ran quickly he culd catch up with Atalanta.In rder that与s that引导的目的状语从句中谓语常用“情态动词 + 动词原形”in rder that 比 s that 更为正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而 s that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
in rder t / s as t
in rder that / s that
考点2：fr fear that与（just）in case引导的目的状语从句 fr fear that意为“唯恐，生怕”；（just）in case意为“以防万一”。 eg. Leave yur key with yur neighbr ______ yu lck yurself ut ne day. 留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。 eg. They lcked themselves in their huses ________there was mre truble. 他们把自己锁在家里，以防还会有麻烦。
考点1：两种特殊的表示比较的结构①the＋比较级…，the＋比较级…结构。 eg. The mre yu exercise，the healthier yu will be. 你锻炼得越多就会越健康。②A be t B what C be t D 结构，也可以改成句型What/As C is t D, s is A t B(倒装). eg. Engines are t machines what hearts are t animals. 发动机之于机器正如心脏之于动物。考点2：2个句型① She is n mre diligent than her sisters. 她们几个姐妹都不勤奋。 ② She is nt mre diligent than her sisters. 她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。n+形容词/副词比较级+than（与…一样不） nt+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如…一样）
考点3:as+adj./adv.+as和nt +s/as+adj./adv.+as前者意为“和…一样”，表示肯定意义，为等量比较；后者意为“不及…”，表示否定意义，为不等量比较 eg. He knws as little abut music as I knw abut painting. 他对音乐的了解就像我对画作的了解一样少。 eg. He dances nt as gracefully as his sister (dances). 他的舞姿不及他的妹妹优雅。考点4: Nt A s much as B 或者 nt s much A as B基本含义：与其说A倒不如说B，是B而不是A eg. The great thing in this wrld is nt s much as where we stand as in what directin we are mving.
考点5: than 的用法 （1）只有两个同类事物可以比较. eg. He is taller than I(am). eg. The weather f the Suth is wetter than the Nrth.(错) eg. The weather f the Suth is wetter than that f the Nrth.(对) （2）as与than连接的比较状语从句常省去同主句相同的部分，只留下相比部分； as与than连接的比较状语从句常用替代词d、des、did或其他助动词、情态动词的某种形式代替与主句相同的谓语部分 eg. I knw yu better than he (knws yu). 我比他更了解你考点6: 表示倍数的三种句型（1） A is …times bigger than B.（2）A is …times as big as B.（3）A is …times the size f B.
考点7: 表示A方不及B方时，基本句式如下：（1）A＋谓语的否定式＋adj.(adv.)比较级＋than＋B；（2）A＋谓语＋less＋adj.(adv.)原级＋than＋B；（3）A＋谓语的否定式＋s(as)＋adj.(adv.)原级＋as＋B。如： eg. This rm isn't bigger than mine. 这个屋子不比我的大。
考点1：时间、让步、方式、地点状语从句的省略如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。 eg. While in Beijing，I paid a visit t the Summer Palace. 在北京时，我参观了颐和园。 eg. He ften makes mistakes when speaking English. 说英语时他经常出错。 eg. The wman teacher left the classrm silently as thugh (she was) angry. 这位女老师默默地离开了教室，好像生气了。 eg. Thugh (it was) cld，he still wre a shirt. 虽然天气冷，但他仍然穿一件衬衫。
考点2：条件状语从句的省略(1)在if it is pssible，if it is necessary，when it is necessary 等类似结构中，it is 常省略。 eg. Cme tmrrw if pssible. 如果可能的话就明天来吧。 eg. Unless(it is)necessary，yu’d better nt refer t the dictinary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查词典。(2)在虚拟条件句中连词if 的省略。在虚拟条件句中，如果从句谓语中含有had/were/shuld，if可省略，把had/were/shuld提至句首引起倒装。 eg. Were I(＝If I were)twenty nw，I wuld jin the army. 如果我现在二十岁，我就参军。 eg. Had yu cme(＝If yu had cme)yesterday，yu wuld have met her. 如果你昨天来，你就见到她了。 eg. Shuld there be(＝If there shuld be)a fld，what shuld we d? 万一发生洪水，我们该怎么办？
考点3：If =s/nt省略句式中，用s/nt代替上文的内容。Get up early tmrrw. If nt(=If yu dn’t get up early), yu will miss the first nte.
Hw t slve prblems
【典例1】It is ften said that the jy f travelling is nt in arriving at yur destinatin _____ in the jurney itself. 解析：根据句意可知，空处前后为选择关系，nt…but…结构表示“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分，符合句意。故填but。【典例2】Hw lng d yu think it is _______ he arrived here?—N mre than half a year，I believe. 解析： “It is＋时间段＋since sb．did sth．”意为“自从某人做某事到现在有多久了”，为固定句型。故填since。【典例3】_________ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pinted dwn the river. 解析：本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
【典例4】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ____ hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.解析：考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“s…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填s。【典例5】Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents’ pinin ________ he wants their supprt. 解析：考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。【典例6】She felt nervus when ________(talk) t strangers(陌生人).【典例7】Yu can take away this bk if yu ________ (allwed) t leave here.【典例8】_______________________ scientists have learned a lt abut the universe, there is much we still dn't knw.【典例9】We need t get t the rt f the prblem________ we can slve it.
Althugh/While/Thugh
【典例10】 I was abut t leave________ the telephne rang.【典例11】As is reprted，it is 100 years ________ Qinghua University was funded.【典例12】I wn't call yu, ________ smething unexpected happens.【典例13】Yu'd better nt leave the medicine ________ kids can get it.【典例14】He made a mistake, but then he crrected the situatin ________ it gt wrse. 【典例15】It was evening ________ we reached the little twn f Winchester . 【典例16】I had hardly gt t the ffice ______ my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.【典例17】Hard________he tried, he culdn’t frce the dr pen.【典例18】Let’s nt pick these peaches until this weekend ______that they get sweet enugh t be eaten. 【典例19】
She has been wrking in this factry since she left schl.自从她离开学校就在这个工厂工作。 It is three years since I began t smke a cigar.我吸雪茄已经三年了。It is three years since I smked a cigar.我不吸雪茄已经有三年了。 It is already three years since he was a teacher.他不当教师已经三年了。He has written t me frequently since I was ill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。He has written t me frequently since I fell ill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。
— Dad, I've finished my assignment.— Gd, and ________ yu play r watch TV, yu mustn't disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. n matterB—Generally speaking, ____________ accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect. 　　A. when taking B. when taken C. when t take D. when t be takenB—I am nt afraid f tmrrw，_______I have seen yesterday and I lve tday. A.s B.and C.fr D.butC
And it is wise t have as many gd friends that we can.that→as as we can为固定句式，as引导比较状语从句。Althugh we allw tmat plants t grw in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease r insect attack prblems.but→yet或去掉butIn fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came ver t play r d hmewrk with me.during→when 解析：句中during为介词，不可以连接两个并列的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为whenBefre waiting fr abut half an hur, I was beginning t get impatient.Befre→AfterThe games my parents taught me where I was a child turned ut t be very useful later in my life. where改为when
Alhugh he is cnsidered a great writer, his wrks are nt widely read. Alhugh改为ThughAfter that I pured il int a pan and turned n the stve, I waited patiently unless the il was ht.unless改为until/tillActually, I started t learn kung fu when I was seven years ld, fr I have lng been ut f practice. fr改为but/yetIn rder t make sure all f us are in gd health, and she makes specific plans fr us.去掉andSuddenly a ftball fell just in frnt f me but almst hit me.but改为andHe had a deep vice, which set him apart frm thers in ur small twn, he was strng and pwerful.第二个he前加and
当……时(引导时间状语从句)while 虽然，尽管(引导让步状语从句) 然而(连接并列句)
当……时(引导时间状语从句)when 既然(引导原因状语从句) 正在这时，突然……（连接并列句）
（just）in case 以防(引导目的状语从句) 如果(引导条件状语从句)
since 自从…以来(引导时间状语从句) 既然，因为(引导原因状语从句)
当……时(引导时间状语从句) 因为，由于(引导原因状语从句)as 虽然，尽管(引导让步状语从句) 按……方式(引导方式状语从句) 和……一样(引导比较状语从句)