高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions课后练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions课后练习题，共9页。
I.单项选择
1. （2016·江苏）In art criticism, yu must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the wrk.
A. t hideB. hidden
C. hidingD. being hidden
2. （2019·天津）Mst clleges nw ffer first-year students a curse specially ________ t help them succeed academically and persnally.
A. designedB. designing
C. t designD. being designed
3. （2016·浙江）（2016·江苏）T return t the prblem f water pllutin, I’d like yu t lk at a study _________in Australia in 2012.
A. having cnductedB. t be cnducted
C. cnductingD. cnducted
4. （2017·北京）(2017·北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students.
A. t spendB. spend
C. spendingD. spent
5. （2014·浙江）Amie Salmn, disabled, is attended thrughut her schl days by a nurse ________ t guard her.
A. t appintB. appinting
C. appintedD. having appinted
6. （2011·湖南）The players ________ frm the whle cuntry are expected t bring us hnr in this summer game.
A. selectingB. t select
C. selectedD. having selected
7. （2012·上海）The club, _ _ 25 years ag, is hlding a party fr past and present members.
A. fundedB. fundingC. being fundedD. t be funded
8. （2013·陕西）The witnesses________by the plice just nw gave very different descriptins f the fight.
A. questinedB. being questined
C. t be questinedD. having questined
9. （2009·上海）With the gvernment’s aid, thse _____ by the earthquake have mved t the new settlements.
A. affectB. affecting
C. affectedD. were affected
10. （2009·北京）Fr breakfast he nly drinks juice frm fresh fruit________n his wn farm.
A. grwnB. being grwn
C. t ge grwnD. t grw
11. （2010·全国）Mrs. White shwed her students sme ld maps ________ frm the library
A. t brrwB. brrwedC. t be brrwedD. brrwing
12. （2013·天津） In sme languages, 100 wrds make up half f all wrds _______in daily cnversatins.
A. usingB. t useC. having usedD. used
13. （2013·全国）They might just have a place ________ n the writing curse— why dn’t yu give it a try?
A. leaveB. leftC. leavingD. t leave
14. （2012·浙江）"It's a such nice place," Mther said as she sat at the table________ fr custms.
A. t be reservedB. Living reservedC. reservingD. reserved
15. （2012·湖南）Time, ________ crrectly, is mney in the bank.
A. t useB. usedC. usingD. use
16. （2012·山东）After cmpleting and singing it. Please return the frm t us in the envelpe _____.
A. prvidingB. prvided
C. having prvidedD. prvide
17. （2011·陕西）Claire had her luggage ________ an hur befre her plane left.
A. checkB. checking
C. t checkD. checked
18. （2009·全国）Nw that we’ve discussed ut prblem, are peple happy with the decisins __________?
A. takingB. takeC. takenD. t take
19. （2008·江苏）T learn English well, we shuld find chances t hear English ______ as much as we can.
A. speakB. speakingC. spkenD. t speak
20. （2013·北京）When we saw the rad ________ with snw, we decided t spend the hliday at hme.
A. blckB. t blck
C. blckingD. blcked
21. （2014·四川）The manager was satisfied t see many new prducts ________ after great effrt.
A. having develpedB. t develp
C. develpedD. develp
22. （2015·陕西）Back frm his tw-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy t see his mther ________ gd care f at hme.
A. takingB. taken
C. takeD. be taken
23. （2012·四川）Befre driving int the city, yu are required t get yur car_______。
A. washedB. wash
C. washingD. t wash
24. （2011·浙江）Even the best writers find themselves ________ fr wrds.
A. lseB. lstC. t lseD. having lst
25. （2007·福建）Jenny hpes that Mr Smith will suggest a gd way t have her written English ________ in a shrt perid.
A. imprvedB. imprving
C. t imprveD. imprve
IⅠ.阅读理解
(2019课标全国Ⅲ,C)Befre the 1830s, mst newspapers were sld thrugh annual subscriptins in America, usually $8 t $10 a year. Tday $8 r $10 seems a small amunt f mney, but at that time these amunts were frbidding t mst citizens. Accrdingly, newspapers were read almst nly by rich peple in plitics r the trades. In additin, mst newspapers had little in them that wuld appeal t a mass audience. They were dull and visually frbidding. But the revlutin that was taking place in the 1830s wuld change all that.
The trend, then, was tward the “penny paper”—a term referring t papers made widely available t the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps mre imprtantly it meant newspapers that culd be bught in single cpies n the street.
This develpment did nt take place vernight. It had been pssible(but nt easy) t buy single cpies f newspapers befre 1830, but this usually meant the reader had t g dwn t the printer’s ffice t purchase a cpy. Street sales were almst unknwn. Hwever, within a few years, street sales f newspapers wuld be cmmnplace in eastern cities. At first the price f single cpies was seldm a penny—usually tw r three cents was charged—and sme f the lder well-knwn papers charged five r six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public’s fancy, and sn there wuld be papers that did indeed sell fr nly a penny.
This new trend f newspapers fr “the man n the street” did nt begin well. Sme f the early ventures(企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, peple wh were wners f successful papers, had little desire t change the traditin. It tk a few yuthful and daring businessmen t get the ball rlling.
1.Which f the fllwing best describes newspapers in America befre the 1830s?

A.Academic.B.Unattractive.
C.Inexpensive.D.Cnfidential.
2.What did street sales mean t newspapers?
A.They wuld be priced higher.
B.They wuld disappear frm cities.
C.They culd have mre readers.
D.They culd regain public trust.
3.Wh were the newspapers f the new trend targeted at?
A.Lcal pliticians.
B.Cmmn peple.
C.Yung publishers.
D.Rich businessmen.
4.What can we say abut the birth f the penny paper?
A.It was a difficult prcess.
B.It was a temprary success.
C.It was a rbbery f the pr.
D.It was a disaster fr printers.
IⅡ.语法填空(2020课标全国Ⅱ)
Decrating with Plants, Fruits and
Flwers fr Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 1 (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 2 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3 (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.
These are sme f the mst ppular in many parts f the cuntry:
Oranges: Orange trees are mre 4 decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth. They make great gifts and yu see them many times 5 (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune.
Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices. 6 (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. Bamb plants are assciated 7 health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy 8 (care) fr and make great presents.
Branches f Plum Blssms(梅花): The 9 (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins. The plum trees are 10 first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
答案与解析
I.1. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。句中有谓语动词has，所以这里用非谓语动词；message与hide是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动意义，故选B项。
2. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a curse和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。
3. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你看一下2012年澳大利亚进行的研究。句中已经有谓语动词，故使用非谓语动词作定语，study和cnduct是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。B项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将要发生的事情。故选D项。
4. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。故选D项。
5. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Amie Salmn是一个残疾人，她在上学期间有一个指定的护士来照顾她。这里a nurse与appint（任命）之间是被动关系，故排除ABD，故用过去分词作定语。故选C。
6. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。 句意：从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们争光。分析句子可知，select与players在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选C项。
7. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个建于二十五年前的俱乐部正在为新老会员举行晚会。club与fund是动宾关系，即俱乐部被修建，应该用过去分词表被动和完成，排除B；C项表示正在被建，D项表示将要被建，根据句意可知，俱乐部建于25年前，排除C、D，故选A。
8. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：刚才被警察询问的目击者对那次打斗的描述截然不同。The witnesses和questin是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。B项表示正在被询问；C项表示将被询问。故选A。
9. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的紧急救援下，那些受到地震影响的灾区民众已经转移到新的居民区。首先是“被影响”所以排除AB。With the gvernment’s aid是状语，_____ by the earthquake是后置定语修饰句子主语thse，句子的真正谓语动词是have，所以排除D，所以答案是C。
10. A
【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grw作定语修饰fruit ，grw与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。B项表示正在进行；C项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。故选A。
11. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps和brrw是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。
12. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些语言，100个词汇就占了日常会话中的一半词汇。这是非谓语动词做定语，wrds与use之间存在被动关系，所以选D。A表示正在发生，B表示将来，C表示非谓语动作先于谓语动作发生，D表示被动和完成。非谓语动词做定语用法的区别在于时间：t d表将来，ding表现在，dne表被动或完成。故选D。
13. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方。故选B项。
14. D
【解析】reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中做后置定语。
15. B
【解析】本题考察非谓语动词。根据句子结构，所填成分是对主句的补充说明，因此只能是作状语。再根据非谓作状主语应与主句一致原则，判断出use与主语time之间为被动，因此直接得出答案B。句意：时间，如果使用得当的话，就是存在银行里的钱。
16. B
【解析】查非谓语动词。从句意可知envelpe后是定语，而prvide和envelpe之间是被动关系，A选项现在分词表示主动；C、D选项不做定语，所以答案为B。句意：在填完这份表格并签了字之后，请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。
17. D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：克莱尔在飞机起飞一小时前接受了行李检查。在短语“have +宾语+宾补”结构中，如果宾语和补语之间是动宾关系则用过去分词表示被动，故选D项。
18. C
【解析】考查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisins之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。
19. C
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语口语。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语shuld find且无连词，此处动词用非谓语形式，名词English和动词 speak是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C项。
20. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们看到路上被雪覆盖时，我们决定在家里度假。此处用非谓语动词作宾补，动词blck与see的宾语the rad之间为被动关系，构成短语see sb/ sth dne。故选D。
21. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理很满意看到经过努力后许多新产品被研制了出来。分析结构可知，此处是“see+宾语+补语”结构，动词develp和宾语之间存在被动关系，应该用过去分词，故选C。
22. B
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：在非洲医疗援助两年回来后，李医生很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mther和take care f是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B。
23. A
【解析】此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. dne。故答案选A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。
24. B
【解析】考查固定用法。find sb.dne发现某人做过某事find sb./sth.ding(发现某人/某物在做……), find sb.t d 是找某人做某事。
25. A
【解析】宾语written English与imprve之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
IⅠ.【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容是社会进步。文章介绍了报纸走向街头,走向大众的过程。文章侧重对学生历史和社会文化素养的培养。
1.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:下面哪个选项对19世纪30年代之前美国报纸状况的描述是最准确的?根据文章第一段的描述可知,当时的报纸很昂贵,只有富人才能买得起。同时,当时的很多报纸对大众没有吸引力。因此B项(没有吸引力的)符合题意。A:学术的;C:便宜的;D:机密的。
2.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:街头销售对报纸来说意味着什么?根据文章第二段的描述,当报纸开始在街头销售之后,价格很低,容易买到,所以C项(它们会有更多的读者)符合题意。A:它们的定价将会更高;B:它们将从城市消失;D:它们将重获公众的信任。
3.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为:新趋势下报纸的目标群体是哪些人?根据文章第二段和第三段对报纸改革的描述,尤其是第二段的The trend,then, was tward the “penny paper”—a term referring t papers made widely available t the public.可知,新的趋势为报纸大众化。故B项(普通人)符合题意。
4.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:我们可以如何评价“一分报纸”的诞生?根据文章对“一分报纸”发展历程的描述,尤其是最后一段的This new trend f newspapers fr “the man n the street” did nt begin well.(这种面向街头普通人的报纸的新趋势一开始发展得并不好。)可知,A项(这是一个艰难的过程)符合题意。B:这是暂时的成功;C:这是对贫穷者的掠夺;D:这对印刷工人来说是灾难。
III.【答案与解析】本文是说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为中华民族的传统节日——春节。文章介绍了中国的新年标志着冬季的结束和春季的开始。因此春节期间用植物、水果、花朵装饰皆有特殊意义。文章还介绍了三种在中国受欢迎的植物:橘子树、竹子、梅花。
1.celebratin 考查词性转换。句意:中国新年是一个标志着冬季结束和春季开始的庆祝活动。根据句子结构可知,设空处被前面的冠词a限定,作表语,需要用所给词的名词形式。故填celebratin。
2.carries 考查主谓一致。句意:这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。根据句子结构可知,设空处在从句中作谓语。由上下文可知,此处应使用一般现在时,且该从句的主语为前面的动名词短语“decrating with plants, fruits and flwers”,属于第三人称单数概念。故填carries。
3.cming 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的最好的祝愿。根据句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语动词represent的宾语,需使用所给词的动名词形式,the earth是其逻辑主语。故填cming。
4.than 考查固定搭配。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰品……。根据句子意思可知,设空处与前面的mre连用,表示“不只是”。故填than。
5.decrated 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们被红包和好运的信息装饰着。根据句子结构可知,设空处与后面的介词短语一起作宾语them的补足语。them与所给词decrate之间为被动关系,需用过去分词。故填decrated。
6.Certainly 考查词性转换。句意:当然在假日期间,这种植物是必须的。根据句子结构可知,设空处作状语,修饰后面整句话,需用所给词的副词形式,故填Certainly。
7.with 考查固定搭配。句意:竹子与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。设空处与前面的are assciated连用,表示“与……相关联的”。故填with。
8.t care 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易被打理,也很适合作为礼物。“be+表示难、易、好、坏等的形容词”,后面需用不定式的主动形式(t d)表示被动意思。故填t care。
9.beautiful 考查词性转换。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,这是极好的装饰。根据句子结构可知,设空处与lng一起修饰后面的名词“branches”,需用所给词的形容词形式。故填beautiful。
10.the 考查定冠词用法。句意:正当雪融化时,梅花树是第一个开花的。the first t d sth.表示“第一个去做……的”,需填定冠词the。