人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Food and Culture课后练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Food and Culture课后练习题，共20页。

[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. This new type f fridge cnsumes (消耗) 70% less electricity than traditinal mdels.
2. Be certain t eat slwly and chew (咀嚼) yur fd extremely well.
3. We all wnder hw yu always lk s yung, beautiful and elegant (文雅的)!
4. The mild winter has created the ideal (理想的) cnditins fr an ant ppulatin explsin.
5. The kids are always playing tricks (把戏) n their teacher.
6. All these results are cnsistent (一致) with theretical predictins.
7. We wrk in assciatin (联合) with a number f partner cmpanies t ffer better service.
8. I had n fd in my drm, s I had t g t the canteen (餐厅).
9. Parents tld us that we shuld study frm thers in a mdest (谦虚的) attitude.
10. The situatin has changed smewhat (有点;稍微) since we last met.
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
quantities f, refer t, make up, rather than, prir t, cnsist f, cut dwn n, regardless f, as t, cut ut
1. Prir t his trip t Japan, he went t New Yrk and sme ther cities in America first.
2. Sme families are small, and cnsist f a father, a mther and a child.
3. The law requires equal treatment fr all, regardless f race, religin, r sex.
4. I hear quantities f mney have been cllected fr the earthquake-hit area.
5. When I’m ging ut in the evening, I use the bike rather than the car.
6. I have n way yet as t hw t deal with such a cmplicated situatin.
7. He asked me t cut ut the newspaper articles and pictures.
8. Please refer t the map n the next page fr teaching rm lcatins.
9. I think it’s very unkind f yu t make up stries abut him.
10. He cut dwn n wine and cigarettes t keep healthy.
Ⅲ. 句式仿写。
1. Tired, hungry, and nt knwing a wrd f Chinese, we had n idea hw t rder, s the chef just began filling ur table with the best fd we had ever eaten.
句式:形容词(短语)作状语
仿写:因为忙于工作,他没有时间跟我们闲聊。
Busy with his wrk, he’s gt n time t chat with us.
2. It has becme a favurite traditinal dish f the peple in Nrth China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyne—frm the yungest t the ldest—jining in t help.
句式:with复合结构
仿写:作业没有完成,孩子们不敢回家。
The children wuldn’t dare t g hme with the hmewrk unfinished.
3. On the ther hand, it des tell us a lt abut Americans.
句式:“d/des/did+动词原形”构成强调句
仿写:我们的谈话确实使我感觉好一些了,也更有信心了。
Our cnversatin did make me feel better, and mre cnfident.
4. Put mre simply, while peple cntinue t argue ver whether r nt fatty fd is dangerus, we already knw that sugar is a killer.
句式:whether r nt 是否
仿写:这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。
It remains t be seen whether r nt this idea can be put int practice.
5. It is up t yu t decide hw yu want t live, and t make the right decisins abut yur diet.
句式:It is up t sb t d sth. 做某事取决于某人。
仿写:生活有时令人难过,但你要让自己的生活幸福。
Life is sad at times, but it is up t yu t make yur wn life happy.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
1. 1990年以前我父母就在这个城市居住很长时间了。
My parents had lived in this city fr a lng time befre 1990.
2. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He tld me that he had knwn her since he was a child.
3. 李明去年去了伦敦,那是他第一次出国。
Li Ming went t Lndn last year, which was the first time that he had been abrad.
4. 我们到飞机场的时候,飞机已经起飞了。
The plane had taken ff when we gt t the airprt.
5. 我不能去参加晚会,因为我没被邀请。
I culdn’t g t the party because I hadn’t been invited.
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解。
A
Chinese cuisine is widely knwn and enjyed all arund the wrld. Wh desn’t lng fr a favurite Chinese dish? But there is ne interesting cncept cncerning Chinese fd which is almst unheard in the West, and which is becming increasingly ignred by the yuth f the East—the ancient custm f tnic (滋补的) fd.
Tnic fd is fd which is cnsumed t imprve ne’s well-being r avid sickness. Fr instance, it was nce the custm fr new mthers t eat a sesame-il htpt every day fr the first mnth after giving birth. It was believed that this dish wuld benefit the muscles, reduce pain, imprve circulatin, stimulate sweating, and warm the bdy. Sme fds, such as gat meat and spinach(菠菜), are seen as “ht”, while thers, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes(小萝卜), are seen as “cld”. One shuld be careful nt t eat t much f either “ht” r “cld” fd. Hwever, hw much “ht” r “cld” fd ne shuld eat depends n the time f the year, hw the fd is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custm f emplying tnic fd fr a healthier life als influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wlfberry(枸杞子), can be fund n many a restaurant menu, either added t fruit tea r as a beneficial additin t a dish. These herbs attract custmers, such as verwrked ffice staff in need f a mdest pick-me-up.
S, whether yu need t bst yur strength with a large helping f chicken sup, r increase yur mental pwers with sme fish sup, yu may find that this ancient Chinese custm culd be just the tnic yu were lking fr.
1. What is the present situatin f tnic fd?
A. It is catching less attentin.
B. It is enjyed by many yung peple.
C. It is well knwn wrldwide.
D. It is becming increasingly ppular.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,目前滋补食物不再受到追捧。故选A。
答案:A
2. What is believed t benefit new mthers?
A. Chinese cabbage.
B. Fruit tea.
C. Sesame-il htpt.
D. Fish sup.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Fr instance, it was nce the custm fr new mthers t eat a sesame-il htpt every day fr the first mnth after giving birth.”可知,人们认为芝麻油焖罐对新妈妈有益。故选C。
答案:C
3. What des the underlined wrd “catering” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Medicine. B. Restaurant.
C. Educatin. D. Fashin.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wlfberry, can be fund n many a restaurant menu, either added t fruit tea r as a beneficial additin t a dish.”可推知,滋补食物对餐饮业有一定的影响,故catering与restaurant意思相近。故选B。
答案:B
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Charm f Chinese Cuisine
B. The Ppularity f Tnic Fd
C. An Intrductin t Chinese Tnic Fd
D. Differences Between Ht Fd and Cld Fd
解析:标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Tnic fd is fd which is cnsumed t imprve ne’s well-being r avid sickness.”和对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要对中国的滋补食物进行了简要的介绍。故选C。
答案:C
B
We humans are addicted t sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar t live. It’s the fuel that pwers ur cells. S it’s nt surprising that we’re brn t want the sweet stuff.
Sugar stres the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, yur bdy breaks dwn fds int their building blcks. It uses sme sugar fr energy right away. The rest get stred fr the bdy t break dwn later. It’s a myth that sugar makes yu extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give yu a quick burst f energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet fds is easy fr yur bdy t turn int fuel. When yu eat ther kinds f fds, like vegetables, it takes lnger fr yur bdy t break the sugar dwn.
These days it’s easy t find sweet snacks. Sdas, candies, cakes and even fds that seem healthy, such as ygurt, can be packed with sugar. Fd makers add sugar, because they knw that t humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat abut 20 teaspns f extra sugar every day. That’s way mre than what is gd fr us.
Eating t much sugar can cause mre than a stmachache. It can make peple verweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. Hwever, experts aren’t wrried abut naturally sweet fds—the prblem is added sugar. S g ahead and enjy sweet apples r even sugar-rich carrts that are als full f vitamins and ther gd stuff.
Even cake is great nce in a while, as lng as yu dn’t verd it. After all, n ne wants life t be dull. And yur bdy needs its fuel!
5. Hw are the first tw paragraphs mainly develped?
A. By cause and effect.
B. By prblem and slutin.
C. By giving examples.
D. By making cmparisns.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“S it’s nt surprising that we’re brn t want the sweet stuff.”和第二段倒数第二句“That’s because the sugar in sweet fds is easy fr yur bdy t turn int fuel.”,并结合第一、二段的内容可知,第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因;第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因。据此可推知,第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的。故选A。
答案:A
6. Why may peple be tricked int eating t much sugar?
A. N ne wants life t be bring.
B. We’re brn t want the sweet stuff.
C. S-called healthy fd can be packed with sugar.
D. Sugar is the fuel fr the plants and animals n the Earth.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“These days it’s easy t find sweet snacks. Sdas, candies, cakes and even fds that seem healthy, such as ygurt, can be packed with sugar.”可知,甜食随处可见,即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分,所以人们会误食很多含糖食品。故选C。
答案:C
7. What des the authr want t stress in paragraph 4?
A. We’d better say n t sweet fds.
B. Experts are wrried abut added sugar.
C. Eating t much sugar is bad fr ur health.
D. We’d better cnsume sugar frm natural surces.
解析:推理判断题。通读第四段可知,该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处;第三句讲述专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧;第四句紧接着提出建议:吃富含糖分也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知,该段旨在强调,我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分。故选D。
答案:D
8. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Sugar Is Everywhere
B. Sugar Brings Happiness
C. Why D We Lve Sugar?
D. Why Des Sugar Make Us Fat?
解析:标题归纳题。通读全文可知,糖能给人体提供必需的能量,且易分解,人天生需要糖分;虽然甜食尝起来可口,但是食用过量的糖危害人体健康,我们最好食用不仅富含糖分还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故选C。
答案:C
Ⅵ. 阅读七选五。
(2022年·全国甲卷)
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. 1. . Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family—n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. 2. .
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. 3. , instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
4. . In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. 5. , the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
1. 解析:根据文章标题“Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out”可知,本文主要介绍外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知,D项“Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境。故选D。
答案:D
2. 解析:根据本段小标题“Chpstick Rules”可知,本段主要讲述筷子的使用规则。根据上文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu.”可知,当你在吃的间隙把筷子放下来时,一定要把它们放在一起,这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。由此可知,F项“Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them (切勿将其直立放置在食物中或在使用时交叉)”符合此处语境。故选F。
答案:F
3. 解析:根据本段小标题“Hands r Utensils”可知,本段主要讲述手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand.”和下文“instead preferring t use their hands”可知,此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。在印度和中东,用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。法国人希望你每只手都拿着餐具吃饭。C项“Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils”符合语境,与下文形成转折关系。墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的,相反,他们更喜欢用手。故选C。
答案:C
4. 解析:根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知,本段主要讲述用餐时提出请求的问题。根据下文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills.”可知,在葡萄牙,这将是一个严重的错误,因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。G项“It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境。故选G。
答案:G
5. 解析:根据下文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可知,此处指在一个国家待得越久,就会越习惯当地习俗。此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,B项“The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意,引出下文。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅶ. 完形填空。
Whsh! A snwball flew past my head. I mved my bdy dwnwards t avid a snwball and 1 ne myself t thrw back as quickly as I culd. I std up. Wham! Anther snwball hit my head, which 2 me t slide int the snwdrift (雪堆).
It was a midwinter’s day. My mum 3 my tw brthers and me t be utside s she culd get the 4 dne. My brthers were seven and five years lder than me and much bigger as well. Hwever, it was I wh decided t 5 the snwball fight. I hit ne f them when they weren’t 6 and sn we were all making and thrwing snwballs as fast as we culd. Being little helped me 7 the first few snwballs that came my way until the ne that caught me in the 8 and made me slide int the tw-ft-deep snwdrift. My eldest brther 9 me up. I felt s excited and dusted (弹掉) the snw ff. After she finished the husewrk, mum 10 us back inside fr a lunch f ht chicken sup. I drank it and then sat near the fire waiting fr my wet scks and jeans t dry. It felt s 11 . Althugh I culdn’t describe the feeling back then, I knw nw that it was 12 .
In ur childhd, each day culd be filled with fun. Each mment culd be 13 . I think that we all need t re-experience that 14 in
ur lives. We need t thrw a few snwballs and drink a few bwls f sup afterwards. Life is t shrt t enjy gd 15 .
1. A. chse B. made
C. fund D. invented
解析:chse选择;make制作;find找到;invent发明。根据下文“t thrw back as quickly as I culd”可知,“我”自己做了一个雪球掷过去。
答案:B
2. A. gt B. allwed
C. warned D. trubled
解析:get收到,使,让;allw允许;warn警告;truble打扰。另一个雪球砸到了“我”的脑袋,所以“我”滑倒在雪堆里。
答案:A
3. A. encuraged B. needed
C. trained D. rdered
解析:encurage鼓励;need需要;train训练;rder命令。根据下文中的“s she culd get the 4 dne”以及“我”和哥哥们在外面打雪仗可知,妈妈命令“我们”去外面玩耍。
答案:D
4. A. shpping B. husewrk
C. research D. reprt
解析:shpping购物;husewrk家务;research研究;reprt报告。根据下文“After she finished the husewrk”可知,妈妈要做家务。
答案:B
5. A. face B. win
C. cntinue D. start
解析:face面对;win赢得;cntinue继续;start开始。根据下文中的“I hit ne f them”可知,是“我”决定开始打雪仗的。
答案:D
6. A. resting B. practising
C. lking D. learning
解析:rest休息;practise练习;lk看见;learn学习。根据上文中的“it was I wh decided t 5 the snwball fight”可知,“我”趁着哥哥们还没看到时掷了一个雪球。
答案:C
7. A. ntice B. avid
C. save D. catch
解析:ntice注意;avid避免,躲过;save节省;catch接住。根据下文中的“the ne that caught me in the 8 and made me slide int the tw-ft-deep snwdrift”可知,因为比较小,“我”躲过了迎面飞来的前几个雪球。
答案:B
8. A. face B. arm
C. head D. back
解析:face脸;arm胳膊;head头;back后背。根据第一段中的“Anther snwball hit my head”可知,一个雪球砸到“我”的头上。
答案:C
9. A. threw B. lifted
C. pushed D. picked
解析:thrw扔;lift举起,抬高;push推;pick捡起。“我”滑倒在雪堆里,所以哥哥把“我”拉起来。
答案:B
10. A. pulled B. called
C. rang D. turned
解析:pull拉,拽;call叫,叫喊;ring打电话;turn转身。根据上文中的“My mum 3 my tw brthers and me t be utside”及下文的“inside fr a lunch f ht chicken sup”可知,妈妈叫“我”和两个哥哥回去。
答案:B
11. A. strange B. special
C. real D. nice
解析:strange奇怪的;special特殊的;real真实的;nice美好的。根据上文中的“I drank it and then sat near the fire waiting fr my wet scks and jeans t dry.”,以及下文中的“each day culd be filled with fun”可知,这种感觉非常美妙。
答案:D
12. A. happiness B. kindness
C. lve D. peace
解析:happiness幸福;kindness友好;lve热爱;peace平静。根据上文“我们”玩得很开心及下文“我”的感悟可知, “我”现在知道那是一种幸福。
答案:A
13. A. expected B. changed
C. enjyed D. recrded
解析:expect期待;change改变;enjy享受;recrd记录。根据上文中的“In ur childhd, each day culd be filled with fun.”可知, 在我们的童年里,每天都充满了乐趣。
答案:C
14. A. feeling B. chance
C. situatin D. truth
解析:feeling感觉;chance机会;situatin情况;truth事实。根据下文中的“We need t thrw a few snwballs and drink a few bwls f sup afterwards.”可知,“我”还想再体验一次那种幸福的感觉。
答案:A
15. A. meals B. services
C. relatins D. mments
解析:meal餐;service服务;relatin关系;mment时刻。根据语境可知,生命太短暂了,来不及享受美好的时刻。
答案:D
Ⅷ. 读后续写。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Waking up t the ringing phne, I lked at my clck. Midnight. Panicky thughts filled my sleepy mind as I picked up the receiver.
“Hell?” My heart beat heavily.
“Mama?” The vice answered. My thughts immediately went t my daughter.
When I heard the sund f a yung crying vice, I held my husband tightly.
“Mama, I knw it’s late. But dn’t say anything until I finish. And befre yu ask, yes, I’ve been drinking. I nearly ran ff the rad a few miles back and ...”
I tk a sharp breath, released my husband, and pressed my hand against my frehead. Smething wasn’t right.
“And I gt s scared. I want t cme hme. I knw running away was wrng. I shuld have called yu days ag but I was afraid ...”
I tried t talk, “I think ...”
“N! Please let me finish!” she said, desperately. Befre I culd g n, she cntinued. “I’m s yung, Mama. I knw I shuldn’t be drinking ... but I’m scared, Mama.”
I bit int my lip (嘴唇), feeling my eyes filled with tears. My husband left the rm, and returned secnds later with a cellphne against his ear.
She asked, “Are yu still there? Please dn’t hang up n me! I feel s lnely.”
I held the phne. “I’m here. I wuldn’t hang up,” I said.
“I shuld have tld yu, Mama. But when we talk, yu just keep telling me what I shuld d. Yu read all thse brchures n hw t talk t kids, but all yu d is talk. Yu dn’t listen t me. Because yu’re my mther, yu think yu have all the answers. But smetimes I dn’t need answers. I just want smene t listen.”
I stared at the hw-t-talk-t-yur-kids brchures n my nightstand (床头柜). “I’m listening,” I whispered.
Then she said she had called a taxi. When the taxi arrived, she hung up.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
I went t my 16-year-ld daughter’s rm. My husband came in frm behind. My daughter was sleeping quietly. I lked at my husband, and he was als lking at me. “It seems that what we did befre is really inapprpriate. Yes, we have t learn t listen,” I said t him. He stared me fr a secnd, and then asked, “D yu think she will ever knw that she dialed the wrng number?”
I lked at ur sleeping daughter. She was sleeping with a smile n her face. Maybe she was dreaming a nice dream. She didn’t knw what had happened. She didn’t knw her mther had learned smething imprtant just nw. It’s necessary t tell children what t d, but it’s mre imprtant t listen t them. I std there fr a while, thinking abut the whle thing. Then I lked back at my husband and said t him, “Maybe it wasn’t such a wrng number.”