英语必修 第三册Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations精品同步达标检测题

Grammar and Writing

Grammar——非限制性定语从句

感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题

1．句1、2、5、6是非限制性定语从句，句3、4是限制性定语从句。

2．句1中的关系词在定语从句中作定语。

3．句2中的关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。

4．句3、4、5、6中的关系词在定语从句中作主语。

一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别

This is the fact that I have collected till now.

这就是我迄今收集到的事实。(限制性定语从句，先行词是the fact)

The novel，which I read last night，is very interesting.

那部小说，我昨晚读的那本，非常有趣。(非限制性定语从句，先行词是the novel)

The novel is very interesting，which makes me very glad.

这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。(非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话)

[名师提醒]　非限制性定语从句

(1)形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

(2)意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，若删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。

(3)译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。

用适当的关系代词填空

①This is an important present，              I received yesterday.

②Football is a game               is liked by most boys.

③My eldest son，              work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.

④During the rosy years of elementary school(小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，

              allowed me to keep my high social status.

二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法

1．who，whom，whose引导的非限制性定语从句

(1)关系代词who，whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。

(2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom作宾语；介词后用whom，不用who。

(3)whose作定语，先行词是人时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of whom。先行词是物时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of which。

Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.

我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长烹调。

Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.

史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了很多东西。

The books on the desk，whose covers are shiny，are prizes for us.

桌子上的书是我们的奖品，书的封皮很亮。

用who，whom和whose填空

①But Sarah，              has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

②Peter，              you met in London，is now back in Paris.

③Isobel，              brother was training for the match，had heard the joke before.

④In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of               purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

2．which，as的用法

(1)两者在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.

水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。

Our country has sent up another man－made earth satellite，as is reported in the papers.

报纸上报道，我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。

(2)as，which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。

I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.

我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》，这本书是我班同学推荐给我的。

The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

正如所报道的那样，仅仅一年的时间，吸烟者的数量下降了17%。

用which和as填空

①By boat is the only way to get here，              is how we arrived.

②              can be seen from his face，he is quite pleased.

③              you can imagine，the trip is no piece of cake.

3．when，where的用法

(1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。

(2)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。

(3)when/where有时可以换成“介词＋which”。

We’ll put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.

我们打算把在公园里的这次野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能会更好。

Opposite is St.Paul’s Church，where you can hear some lovely music.

对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到好听的音乐。

I left on Sunday，when/on which everyone was at home.

我星期日离开的，当时人人都在家。

用适当的关系副词填空

①He will put off the picnic until May 1st，              he will be free.

②They went to London，              they lived for six months.

③Phytoplankton(浮游生物) live at the ocean surface，              they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen.

4．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指物。

He worked in a car factory for four years，after which he founded his own company in his hometown.

他在一家汽车厂工作了4年，之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。

We are short of two people，without whom we will need three more days to finish the work.

我们缺少两个人，没有他们，我们还需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。

单句语法填空

①She gave me two books，both of               I didn’t like.

②Lin－Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，              which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.

③Asia and the Pacific has perhaps 3，200 languages，              which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.

题组A  基础过关练

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．She heard a boring noise，              made her annoyed.

2．I have a sister，              husband now works in a modern company.

3．The sports meeting will be put off till next month，              we will have made all the preparations.

4．              has been announced，we shall have our final exam next month.

5．We walked down the village street，              people were having a market day.

6．What is known to us all is that the old scientist，for               life was very hard in the past，still works very hard in his eighties.

7．The survey was carried out on the sleep time of students in middle or high schools，the result of

               was surprising.

8．He gave his mother a colour TV set for her birthday，              pleased her a lot.

9．His mother，              loves him very much，is strict with him.

10．Please pass me the book               cover is green.

Ⅱ.单句写作

11．我们都知道，定期散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。

                                                                      .

12．她是第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。

                                                                      .

13．金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往了医院。

                                                                      .

14．冯小刚，是一位著名导演，已经创作了很多优秀影片。

                                                                      .

15．他是个有丰富经验的人，从他那里我们能学到很多。

                                                                      .

题组B  能力提升练

Ⅱ.补全句子

1．Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a．m.to 5 p．m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，

                                                                      ．

现在Irene Astbury每天上午9点到下午5点在Macclesfield她和她已故的丈夫Les一起开的宠物店工作。

2．We can send e－mails to our friends                                            as well.

我们可以发送电子邮件给和我们一样住的离家乡也很远的朋友。

3．There lives an old man near the school，                                          ．

学校附近住着一位老人，他的儿子在国外工作。

4．During traveling，one can meet various people，                                          ．

在旅游期间，可以见到形形色色的人，和他们结交新朋友。

5．Some students are very busy，                                          ．

有些学生太忙了，没时间阅读。

6．Last Friday we went to the farm，                                          ．

上周五我们去了农场，帮助农民们采摘西瓜。

7．On the platform of 2020 Spring Festival Gala，some famous actors were absent，

                                                                      ．

在2020年春晚舞台上，一些在过去很著名的演员却未到场。

8．Tom suddenly fell ill，                                                        ．

汤姆突然生病了，这使我们很伤心。

9．He didn’t pass the exam，                                          ．

他没有通过考试，这使他的老师感到失望。

10．His elder brother，                                          ，will come to see him tomorrow.

他的哥哥在北京工作，明天要来看他。

Writing——人物介绍

一、写作分析

人物介绍是记叙文体的一种，主要是写名人或伟人的生平及事迹。在文章篇幅安排上要对被描述对象的生平进行简要描述，主要篇幅要叙述其事迹或在某个领域作出的特殊贡献，最后简要地对该人物进行评价。

二、篇章结构

1．开头段：简要介绍生平(出生年月、出生地点、家庭背景等)

2．主体段：具体描述人物外貌、性格特点、教育经历、主要事迹等

3．结尾段：对人物作出整体评价

三、语言特点

1．对题目所给的信息要进行适当重组，安排好写作顺序，突出重点信息。重点信息通常是写作的目的所在，比如求职信要重点突出学历、工作经历，新闻报道要重点突出事迹，人物介绍类文章要突出人物的特点。

2．注意正确运用时态。描写人物的外貌、性格、爱好等常用一般现在时，而介绍人物的出生时间及地点、教育背景、工作经历和主要事迹则常用一般过去时。

写作素材

1．年龄

①He was born in 1996 and is 24 years old now.

②Born in 1999，he is now a 21－year－old student，studying in a university.

③He began to make a living at an early age.

④In his fifties，he began to feel his age.

2．外貌特征

①She is a lovely girl，with big eyes，white teeth and long hair.

②He is a handsome man，with a thick moustache.

③He is a tall man，with blue/bright eyes and blond/brown hair...

3．家庭背景、教育状况

①He was born into a poor/rich family and lived a hard/happy life...

②He started school in 1984 and left school 12 years later.

③He went to study in Peking University in 2004 and graduated 4 years later.

④He got his bachelor’s/master’s/doctor’s degree in mathematics from...

4．生平事迹

①He devoted his lifetime to...

②He won a prize in...

③He made up his mind to...

④He made great progress in...

5．对人物的评价

①He is one of the most outstanding persons...

②He is honoured/regarded/considered as...

③He has made great contributions to...

④He sets an example to...

例

你校准备在新建的“名人长廊”中为每一位名人画像配上英语介绍，以便让同学们有更多的机会学习英语。请你根据以下信息写一篇100词左右的短文介绍郎平。

1．郎平，1960年12月10日出生于天津市。1973年，13岁的郎平开始练习打排球；

2．1978年，因在全国排球比赛中表现突出，进入国家队；

3．从1980年起，郎平获得了很多荣誉及奖励；

4．退役后，郎平成为排球教练。2016年，郎平带领中国女排，时隔12年，在里约奥运会(the Rio Olympic Games)上获得金牌；

5．郎平是中国第一位作为球员和教练员均夺取奥运会冠军的排球运动员。

审题

写作要求是写一篇人物介绍。写作时应注意下面三点：

1．确定文体：这是一篇人物介绍。写作时注意人物介绍类文章的写作特点。

2．主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主。

3．主体人称：由于是介绍人物，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。

谋篇

本文可以分为三个部分：

第一部分：对郎平进行简要的介绍。

第二部分：描写郎平一生中比较重要的事迹。

第三部分：对郎平进行客观的评价。

核心词汇

1．在……岁时at the age of...

2．加入队伍join the team

3．获奖win the award

4．中国女排the Chinese Women Volleyball Team

5．参加take part in

连词成句

1．郎平，出生于1960年12月10日，是著名的排球教练。(并列句)

Lang Ping was born on Dec.10th,1960 and she is a famous volleyball coach.

2．她在十三岁时开始练习打排球并在几年后加入国家队。(at the age of...)

She began to practise playing volleyball at the age of 13 and joined the national team several years later.

3．因为郎平努力练习，她获得了很多荣誉。(win award)

Lang Ping won a lot of awards because she was hard­working.

4．既是选手又是教练的郎平获得了奥林匹克运动会冠军。(as)

Lang Ping win the Olympic championship as a player and coach.

5．她是中国排球史上第一个获得奥林匹克运动会冠军的人。(in the history of)

She is the first Chinese volleyball player to win the Olympic championship in the history of volleyball in China.

句式升级

1．将句1改成非限制性定语从句

Lang Ping，who was born on Dec.10th,1960，is a famous volleyball coach.

2．将句2改成时间状语从句

She began to practise playing volleyball when she was at the age of 13 and joined the national team several years later.

3．用so...that...改写句3

Lang Ping was so hard­working that she won a lot of awards.

连句成篇

用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。

参考范文

Lang Ping，who was born on Dec.10th,1960，is a famous volleyball coach and we all admire her very much.She began to practise playing volleyball when she was at the age of 13 and joined the national team several years later because of her excellent performance in the national volleyball game.She was so hard­working that she won a lot of awards.After she retired from the volleyball team，she became a volleyball coach.In 2016，she took the Chinese Women Volleyball Team to take part in the Rio Olympic Games and won the gold medal.She is the first Chinese volleyball player to win the Olympic championship as a player and coach in the history of volleyball in China.

随堂练习

请根据下列提示写一篇英语短文，介绍中国工程院院士、著名呼吸病学专家钟南山。内容要点如下：

1．1936年10月出生于一个医学世家，福建厦门人；

2．1960年毕业于北京医学院(今北京大学医学部)；

3．2003年他是抗击“非典”的英雄，2020年他在抗击新型肺炎疫情中做出了突出贡献；

4．致力于呼吸道疾病的研究和治疗，受到中国人民的高度评价。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：中国工程院院士academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering；呼吸道疾病respiratory diseases；新冠病毒肺炎COVID －19