人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues习题

课时分层作业(六)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Friends should always be honest with you, right? So when they lie, it can be really hard to take.But a friend who lies isn't always trying to hurt you. Why does this happen?

They want to protect your feelings.

One of the biggest reasons friends lie is simply to avoid hurting your feelings.

Some people don't understand the difference between being gently honest with a friend and being so straightforward that they leave a verbal wound.They choose to avoid these in the form of a lie.

What you can do: Encourage your friends to be straight with you. No matter what their answer is, let them know you value it. If you get angry with them, they won't feel comfortable when telling you the truth again.

They feel embarrassed.

Sometimes friends will lie about things in their life because they are too embarrassed to admit the truth. Maybe they are going through a rough time and they just don't want you to know about it.

What you can do: Avoid trying to badger your friend to tell you what's wrong.Instead, make it clear that you are there for them when and if they are ready to talk.

They just don't want an argument with you.

Perhaps your friends know that if they tell you the truth, you'll get angry with them. Avoiding conflict is not always healthy for a friendship because  it allows problems to grow over time.If you have a bad temper (脾气), your  friends might try and avoid getting into an argument with you and instead just tell you what you want to hear.

What you can do: Make sure that if a friend tells you something unpleasant, you don't overreact. Consider what's being said and why your friend is telling you this. If you do end up arguing, do it in a respectable way.

【语篇解读】　本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是做人与做事。主要介绍了朋友说谎的原因以及应对措施。

1．Why do friends lie according to the text?

A．Because the truth hurts.

B．Because they feel unconfident.

C．Because it is hard to make friends.

D．Because they avoid losing your friendship.

A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But a  friend who lies isn't always trying to hurt you”及文中小标题可知，有时朋友说谎并不是意在伤害对方，恰恰是因为讲真话伤人，为了不伤害对方，不让自己难堪，或是为了避免冲突才说谎。]

2．What are you advised to do when your friends lie to you?

A．Let it go.

B．Handle it respectably.

C．Blame them for it.

D．Break up with them.

B　[推理判断题。根据文中小标题下方的“What you can do”部分可知，当我们发现朋友撒谎的时候，我们应该以一种体面的方式去处理，这样可以避免冲突，进而维护了与朋友的关系。]

3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “badger” in Para.6?

A．Warn. B．Allow.

C．Persuade. D．Teach.

C　[词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，作者建议不要试图劝朋友告诉你怎么了，而是要让朋友明白他们随时都可以向你敞开心扉。]

4．What would be the best title for the text?

A．Why your friends lie to you?

B．Why you should tell the truth?

C．How you make friends with others?

D．How you improve your friendships?

A　[标题判断题。根据第一段中的“But a friend who lies isn't always trying to hurt you.Why does this happen？”和文中的小标题可知，文章主要分析了朋友撒谎并非意在伤害对方的原因，故A项做标题最合适。]

B

Back to the Future Part Ⅱ， which came out in 1989, made a series of predictions (预言) about 2015. However, the world of 2015 didn't see flying  cars and power clothing as predicted, and instead we got Snapchat, selfies and  man buns. Recently, Richard Watson, futurist, writer and founder of online  magazine What's Next, gives his ideas about the world of 2045：

By 2045 machines can sense human feelings. This can be done by  “harvesting” facial expressions, body language, heart rates, voice and so on.If you are typing text into a computer, the computer might consider the speed  you are typing, decide you are stressed and conclude that this isn't the best  time to allow you to read depressing e­mails. If you are driving a car, the car might consider how you are driving and come to certain conclusions. If the car  decides you are angry and in danger of driving unsafely it might adapt (使适应) itself to make things safer.

By 2045 we should see insect­sized robotic insects. They might be used  for crop pollination (授粉) purposes or as crowd control cameras. These flying robots could be used to test air quality, search for pollution or give early  warning about biological or gas attacks.

By 2045 many kitchens will feature a 3­D printer that can turn out a printed pizza, biscuits, cakes and so on. Unlikely to put any restaurants out of business, a 3­D printer does make your life more convenient.

【语篇解读】　本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是未来生活。2045年人们的生活会怎么样呢？让我们来看看一位未来学家的预测吧。

5．What can we learn about Back to the Future Part Ⅱ？

A．It is based on ideas of many futurists.

B．It shows deep concern for power clothing.

C．It is right about Snapchat, selfies and man buns.

D．It makes some wrong predictions about the year 2015.

D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However，the world of 2015 didn't see flying cars and power clothing as predicted”可知，2015年并没有像电影里预言的那样出现flying cars和power clothing，说明这部电影对2015年的预言有一些是错误的。]

6．What does Para.2 tell us about the machines in 2045?

A．They will take over our jobs.

B．They will be everywhere in our lives.

C．They will make it hard for us to hide our feelings.

D．They will read our feelings and adapt accordingly.

D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2045 machines can sense human feelings... this isn't the best time to allow you to read depressing e­mails... it might adapt(使适应) itself to make things safer.”可知，到2045年机器可以感知我们的情绪并作出相应调整。]

7．According to Richard Watson, which of the following will be a reality in 2045?

A．Air pollution has been controlled.

B．Robots are used to benefit agriculture.

C．Printed food is available on the market.

D．Driverless cars can reduce traffic problems.

B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By 2045 we should see insect­sized robotic insects.They might be used for crop pollination(授粉) purposes...”可推知B项正确。]

8．The author develops the ideas of the text by         ．

A．listing examples

B．following time order

C．making comparisons

D．describing processes

A　[推理判断题。作者在第一段提出文章主题，第二、三、四段从不同方面举例说明Richard Watson对2045年的预测。]

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city.She had a life­changing experience that I can identify with.

After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced with the same student.

He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in places such as the school.  A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could be dangerous. The fact is, the school was not a place for it to be brought. The student was expelled (开除) and told not to come back.

She and the student, immediately recognized each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped out of the elevator.  He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college.She was thankful that his life had not gone in a different direction and that he wasn't in jail. He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future.

Yesterday, I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking.Tony was sitting in the first row. I noticed before class that Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something.I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument. I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age. Nevertheless, he did so and this little drama was unfolding even before class began.

注意：

1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1：

I was also sensitive to the fact that he possibly wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.                                                                       

Paragraph 2：

I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom so I knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.                                                                       

【参考范文】

Paragraph 1：

I was also sensitive to the fact that he  likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer  the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. So I thought I should give him a few minutes  to calm down. If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and being upset，I might even skip him yesterday.  There were  two voices in my head when faced with such a  situation. One said, “Make him do it！” The  other said, “Listen to your heart.” Thankfully, I listened to my heart.

Paragraph 2：

I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew  he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him. I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected. Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved to be the right thing to do.  Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes.Nevertheless, there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.