高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions复习练习题

UNIT 4　

Period Two

题组A　基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．As the old saying goes，“Together，________(个人) can make a difference.”

2．The United ________(王国) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is made up of England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland.

3．He works as a ________(主要的) editor in China Daily.

4．The country needs a ________(防御) capability as insurance against the unexpected.

5．My mother works in a ________(附近的) company and she usually walks home.

6．The ________(位置) of the Arts Theatre was considered a poor area of town.

7．They were unwilling to accept the fact that their son died in the ________(战斗)．

8．As is known to us，Qingdao is a beautiful ________(港口) city with a long history.

9．As is known to all，China has made great ________(成就) during the past decades.

10．Tim's ________(困惑的) expression suggested that he didn't understand what they had said.

【答案】1.individuals　2.Kingdom　3.chief

4．defence　5.nearby　6.location　7.battle

8．port　9.achievements　10.puzzled

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．When he woke up，he found himself ________(surround) by some doctors.

2．If you continue to do ________(legal) things，you will end up in prison sooner or later.

3．I am quite ________(confuse) by Chinese table manners.I'd appreciate it if you could give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.

4．As well as ________(study) English at school，Alice taught herself Japanese at home.

5．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in ________(defend)．

6．There is ________(evident) that Beijing Man first used fire to cook food.

7．He passed the college entrance examination，________ made his parents very proud.

8．There is so much more ________(learn) about the interesting history and culture of the UK.

9．He was very ________(upset) because his pen pal didn't reply to his letters in time.

10．Have you ever ________(belong) to a political party?

【答案】1.surrounded　2.illegal　3.confused

4．studying　5.defence　6.evidence　7.which

8．to learn　9.upset　10.belonged

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．In the last few years，China __________ __________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.

在过去的几年里，中国在环保方面取得了巨大成就。

2．We can know more about the life of great people ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________other countries.

我们可以了解更多有关伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。

3．Yuan Longping，________ ________ ________ ________ ________，was awarded National Medals on September 29,2019.

著名科学家袁隆平于2019年9月29日被授予共和国勋章。

4．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ is the key step to make life healthy.

保持环境清洁无污染是使人们生活健康的关键一步。

5．Vancouver is Canada's warmest and most beautiful city.It ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.

温哥华是加拿大最温暖、最美丽的城市。它被群山和太平洋环绕。

【答案】

1．has made great achievements in environmental protection

2．as well as history and cultures of

3．known as a famous scientist

4．Keeping the environment clean and free of pollution

5．is surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean

题组B　提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

In 1971 a young man who grew up very poor was traveling across the country，trying to make a new start for himself.Along the way he had completely run out of money and was forced to spend the night in his car.

This continued until one morning，after a week of sleeping in his car，he walked nervously into a diner and ordered a big breakfast.After eating his first good meal in weeks，he found himself lying to the waiter，telling him he had lost his wallet.The waiter，who was also the owner，walked behind the chair where the young man had been sitting.

He bent down，and came up with a $20 bill that looked as if it had fallen on the floor.“Son，you must have dropped this，” the owner said.The young man couldn't believe his ear! He quickly paid for the breakfast，left a tip，bought gas with the bill，and headed West.

On the way out of town，he understood.“Maybe nobody dropped the money at all.Maybe that owner just knew I was in trouble and he helped me in a way that didn't embarrass(使困窘) me.I'd been praying for a few days before that，and right then I just made an engagement.I said，‘If ever I have a chance to help other people，I will do it.'”

Now older，the man lives in Kansas City.Each year he gives away thousands of dollars.He is known as the “Secret Santa(圣诞老人)”， because at Christmas time each year，he personally hands money out to those on the street，and at diners.Last year，he gave more than $50,000 away in Kansas City.

(　　)1.The underlined word “engagement” in Paragraph 4 has the same meaning as ________.

A．promise　 B．apology

C．explanation　 D．friend

(　　)2.We may know from the passage that the owner of the diner was ________.

A．an honest man who never told a lie

B．a helpful man who didn't embarrass the young

C．a selfish man who never helped others

D．an impolite man who was always rude to others

(　　)3.Whom did the $20 bill belong to?

A．The young man.

B．The diner owner.

C．A customer in the diner.

D．Secret Santa.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是一个年轻人在困难时受到别人无私的帮助，他后来在功成名就时，就以适当的方式来回报社会。但愿人人能付出一点爱。

1．A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的 “I said，‘If ever I have a chance to help other people，I will do it.’”可以推测，这位年轻人是“许下了诺言”。

2．B　推理判断题。根据短文中对店主行为的描写不难看出，这位店主是一位乐于助人的人。

3．B　细节判断题。根据第四段内容可以得知，$20 bill的钞票应该是店主的。

B

The Pharos，the great lighthouse of Alexandria，was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.It stood on the island of Pharos，in the harbor(港口) of the city of Alexandria.In 280 B．C.，PtolemyⅠSoter，the ruler of Egypt，ordered the building of the lighthouse.Twenty years later，it was finished—the first lighthouse in the world and the tallest building on Earth，besides the Great Pyramid of Egypt.

The Pharos was designed by Sostrates，a Greek architect.Sostrates wanted to leave his name on the base of the lighthouse.But Ptolemy refused，ordering that only his own name appeared on the building.But Sostrates found a way to do that.At the base of the Pharos，Sostrates left a message containing his own name.Then he covered it with plaster(建筑石膏) and left Ptolemy's name over it.After many years，the plaster disappeared and people knew the true architect of the lighthouse.

In 1302 and 1323，two strong earthquakes hit Alexandria，damaging the lighthouse.In 1326，it finally fell into the sea.Much of what we know about the lighthouse comes from the writings of Arabs who once visited the Pharos.

The Pharos was about 384 feet tall，the same height as a modern 40－story building.At the top of the lighthouse stood a large statue of Poseidon，the Greek god of the sea.Under it was a beacon，the source of light for the lighthouse.The Pharos used two kinds of beacons.At night，a large fire created the light.During the day，a huge mirror made use of the sunlight to create the light.

It was said that the mirror was also used to set enemy ships on fire as they entered the harbor by directing the sun's rays (光线) at them.While the idea is interesting，it is also clearly impossible.

(　　)4.Why did Sostrates use plaster at the base of the Pharos?

A．To follow Ptolemy's orders.

B．To hide his name left on the base.

C．To protect the base from damage.

D．To make the lighthouse more beautiful.

(　　)5.How long had the Pharos stayed standing?

A．For about 800 years.

B．For about 1,000 years.

C．For about 1,600 years.

D．For about 2,000 years.

(　　)6.What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The lighthouse.　 B．The statue.

C．A large fire.　 D．A huge mirror.

(　　)7.What's the main purpose of the text?

A．To explain why the Pharos was built.

B．To find more secrets about the Pharos.

C．To offer some basic facts about the Pharos.

D．To introduce the true architect of the Pharos.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代世界七大奇观之一的亚历山大灯塔。

4．B　细节理解题。由第二段中的 “Sostrates left a message containing his own name.Then he covered it with plaster(建筑石膏) and left Ptolemy's name over it.”可知，Sostrates 是亚历山大灯塔的设计者，他在底座使用建筑石膏是为了隐藏他的名字。

5．C　数字计算题。由第一段中的 “In 280 B．C., PtolemyⅠSoter, the ruler of Egypt, ordered the building of the lighthouse.Twenty years later, it was finished.”可知，亚历山大灯塔于公元前300年建成；再由第三段中的 “In 1326, it finally fell into the sea.”可知，它大约存在了1600年。

6．B　代词指代题。联系前一句 “At the top of the lighthouse stood a large statue of Poseidon, the Greek god of the sea.”可知，此处it指的是波塞冬雕像。

7．C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了埃及亚历山大灯塔的一些基本信息。

Ⅱ.七选五

Obstacles(绊脚石) That Lie on the Way to Success

1．Laziness

Even with a great idea and the courage to pursue it，your efforts will be for naught (徒劳) unless you're willing to take massive action.__1__ Write down your goals and the action steps you'll take to pursue those goals.Post your vision and plan in your bedroom，bathroom，office.Share it with others，so they'll hold you accountable for delivering on your plan.

2．Complacency(自满)

Without passion，even the most compelling vision will not be realised.__2__ Make your passion into an almost physical characteristic of your personality，an inexorable force that keeps you engaged every moment of every workday，bringing you one step closer to the measure of success that you desire.

3．Distraction

The modern world calls for your attention in ever－louder ways.__3__ It takes self－discipline to persevere amidst the noise and haste，to assert your willpower over casual desires and instincts.Channel your emotions，behaviors，and desires toward obtaining the reward of success.Remember：Living a life of self－discipline is less painful in the long run than regretting “what might have been”．

4．Doubt

Once you've made a decision，doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed.Life and work can be hard and even cruel.Remember，the race is not for the swift but rather those who persevere.__4__ You owe it to yourself to remain confident in your your plan.

5．Dishonesty

As you begin to be successful，you'll be tempted to lie，exaggerate(夸大)，and cheat in order to move your thing forward.However，taking the easy way of dishonesty has a tendency to sneak back up on you.__5__ True success comes when you are a person of your word，when you have a pure conscience，and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top.

A．Every path to success begins with a great idea.

B．You should focus on what you are doing.

C．Don't allow doubt to influence your process.

D．Diligence can make up for lack of intelligence.

E．It causes far more problems than telling the truth in the end.

F．Without passion，your energy and enthusiasm will disappear.

G．If you can't experience gratitude you might have stayed exactly where you started.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是成功路上的绊脚石以及应对方法。

1．D　本段内容说明的是“懒惰”，选项D意为“勤能补拙”，说明勤奋的重要性，与“懒惰”形成对比。故选D。

2．F　空格处的句子格式与空格前面的句子一致，都是说明没有激情的坏处。故选F。

3．B　本段主要内容为“分心”，而选项B意为“你应该专注于你正在做的事情”。与本段内容形成对比。故选B。

4．C　本段标题为Doubt(怀疑)，选项C意为“不要让怀疑影响你的进程”，与标题内容相符。故选C。

5．E　本段标题为“不诚实”，选项E意为“最终，不诚实比说实话造成更多的问题”，符合本段内容。故选E。