2021版新高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习教师用书：必修4Unit12CultureShock

三言两语1.The literature book always reflects a country's history，so the students can know about the country's culture in the certain time.2．The stories told in the works can act as mirrors and help you adjust your own behaviors.3．There are many famous poets that we'll never forget around the world.1.就我而言，我们可以从看电影中得到一些好处。As_far_as_I_am_concerned，we can get some benefits from watching movies.2．通过观看与我们生活息息相关的电影，我们能够从电影里面解决问题的方法中吸取一些教训。By watching some movies which_are_closely_relative_to_our_lives，we are able to get some lessons from the ways to solve problems in the movies. [单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．owe vt. 欠(情、债等)2．brief adj. 短暂的，简短的3．exchange vt. 兑换，交换4．laughter n． 笑；笑声5．book vt. 预约，预订6．novel n． (长篇)小说7．indicate vt. 表明；表示8．request n． 请求9．familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的10．arrival n． 到达，抵达11．aspect n． 方面12．outgoing adj. 友好的，乐于交友的13．earthquake n． 地震14．belong vi. 适应；属于15．forgive vt. 宽恕，饶恕16．fond adj. 喜爱17．broad adj. 各种各样的；广阔的18．minority n． 少数，少数民族19．unfair adj. 不公平的[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式或汉语提示填空。1．Didn't let me forget that I owed (owe) you for the concert tickets.2．A guide gave a brief (简短的) introduction about the history of the site.3．I'm writing to make a request (请求) for a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the British students.4．It's traditional for the two teams to exchange (exchange) shirts after the game.5．The research indicates (indicate) that eating habits is changing fast.6．They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar(familiar) with them.7．He'd find a way to_forgive (forgive)him for the theft of the money.拓展单词1．addition n．相加；增加物→additional adj.补充的，额外的，附加的2．apology n．道歉，认错→apologize v．道歉，谢罪3．expect vt.期待，预料；指望→expectation n．期待的事物；预期→expected adj.预期的，预料的4．major adj.主要的 vi.主修→majority n．大半，大多数5．reason n．理由v.推论；劝说；理解→reasonable adj.合理的，正当的→reasonably adv.合理地；正当地6．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心7．formal adj.正式的→informal adj.非正式的8．arrive vi.到达→arrival n．到达，抵达9．injure vt.伤害→injury n．伤害，损害→injured adj.受伤的10．educate vt.教育→education n．教育→educated adj.有教养的→educator n．教育者[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．His generous donation filled our need for additional funds，and in addition，it encouraged more and more people to give a hand.(addition)2．His explanation was not reasonable，so all of us didn't accept his reason for being absence.He should apologize to us reasonably.(reason)3．He expected that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke，but beyond his expectation nobody laughed.(expect)4．The boy is always curious about the world outside and shows great curiosity about what is going on in nature.(curious)5．Three people were killed and five were injured in the crash.The doctor said two of the injured had serious injuries.(injure)6．Two thousand students were educated by the famous educator，many of whom received further education later.(educate)阅读单词1．cheque n． 支票2．canteen n． 食堂，餐厅3．appetite n． 胃口，食欲4．detective n． 侦探5．contrary adj. 相反的6．preview n． 预告；预展，预演7．headmaster n． 校长8．birthplace n． 出生地1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.携带2．My success should owe to the patient instruction of my coach and the help I got from my families and friends.归功于3．He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and amusement.欲望[短语　多维应用]高频短语1.get_used_to习惯于2．stare_at  盯着看；凝视3．sound_like  听起来像4．at_least  至少5．loads_of  许多，大量6．in_poor_condition 状况不好7．be_sensitive_to 对……敏感 [语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。The engineer from America ①gets_used_to using chopsticks when eating.Every time we ask him the reasons，he always ②stares_at us with curiosity，and then gives us ③loads_of explanations.Perhaps it sounds like strange，but we ④at_least know that he loves Chinese culture.8.belong_to属于9．insist_on  坚持，坚决要求10．contrary_to  与……相反11．give...a_lift  让……搭车12．see...off  给(某人)送行13．be_attached_to  附属于14．put/bring_an_end_to  结束 [语境运用]　选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。⑤Contrary_to other learning activities，reading can be a social activity.The people who ⑥belong_to book groups ⑦insist_on reading every day and then meet to discuss what they read regularly，which will be of benefit to them.[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.疑问词＋不定式Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.曾有一段时间，我不知道如何与同学相处。There was a time when I didn't know how_to_get_along_with my classmates.2.have a difficult time (in) doing sth.“有一段较为困难的时光”When I first arrived in San Francisco，I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.在你休息后，你回到工作状态会感到困难吗？After you take a break，do you have_a_difficult_time_going back to work？3.the last time引导时间状语从句I had a similar experience the last time I visited China. 上次我游黄山时被它的美景迷住了。I was attracted by the beautiful scenery of Mount Huang the_last_time_I_ visited_it.1．owe vt.欠(情、债等)；归功于 owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb. 欠某人某物owe...to... 把……归功于；归因于owing to 因为；由于owe it to sb.that... 多亏了某人owe these people more respect 应该给予这些人更多的尊重be out of work owing to a physical injury 因为受伤而失业 owed his survival to his strength as a swimmer 因为水性好他才幸免于难的[基础练习]——单句语法填空①The old man owes his good health to his lifestyle.②I owed it to you that I finished my work on time.③Owing to the rain，they could not come.[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)You should owe your success to your mother.(高级表达)You should owe_it_to_your_mother_that you are successful.2．absorb vt.理解；掌握；吸收(1)absorb...from... 从……中吸收……absorb...into... 把……吸收进……absorb oneself in 全神贯注于absorb/attract/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be) absorbed in... 全神贯注于……be absorbed by/into 被……吞并(吸引)be forced to absorb large losses 被迫承受巨大的损失 absorb half the information in the manual 对于说明书上所说的一知半解 can't absorb those costs负担不起那些费用 give employees time to absorb the bad news给员工时间来慢慢接受这一坏消息[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed (absorb)．②The surrounding small towns have absorbed into the city.absorbed前加_been[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)He was so deeply absorbed in working that he forgot all about eating or sleeping.①(高级表达)So_deeply_was_he_absorbed_in_working_that he forgot all about eating or sleeping.(so...that...倒装句)②(高级表达)Deeply_absorbed_in_working，he forgot all about eating or sleeping.(过去分词作状语)3．exchange vt.兑换，交换 n．兑换，交换 (1)exchange sth.for sth. 以某物交换某物exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(2)make an exchange 交换in exchange for sth. 交换某物exchange addresses and Christmas cards 交换地址和圣诞贺卡can exchange the car for another可随时另换一辆车some bitter exchanges between the two groups两组之间一些激烈的争吵[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①During the two­week activities，we surely exchanged (exchange) our ideas on learning，ways of life and culture.②It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favours to them.③They exchange ideas and feelings with each other，through which they probably acquire more knowledge.④I have volunteered to help two exchanging students with their Mandarin learning during the past two years.exchanging→exchange4．majority n．大半，大多数 (1)a/the majority of ……的大多数in a/the majority 占大多数by/with a majority of 以多数票(2)minority n． 少数in the minority 占少数[名师点津]　(1)“a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。(2)the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。the majority of my patients 我的大多数病人by a narrow majority 以微弱的多数票reach your majority 成年[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①I graduated from Peking University and majored (majority) in information management.②An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members is against it.is→are[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)When it comes to education，most people believe that education is a lifetime study.(高级表达)When it comes to education，the_majority_of people believe that education is a lifetime study.(majority)5．request vt.& n．请求；要求(1)make (a) request for/that... 请求；要求……at sb.'s request＝at the request of sb. 应某人之要求(2)request sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that...(should) do sth. 请求……It is requested that...(should) do sth. 据要求……request access to a telephone 请求使用电话 request him to leave 要求他离开 agree to his request for political protection 同意他寻求政治庇护的请求[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①All members are_requested (request) to attend the meeting tomorrow.②Our request is that the performer (should)_play (play) in public again.③They arrived there under the teacher's request.under→at④It's requested that all the articles is related to students' life.is→be[链接写作]——一句多译老师要求我们为考试做好充分的准备。①Our teacher made_a_request_that__we_(should)_be_well _prepared_for the exam.(make a request that)②Our teacher requested_that_we_(should)_be_well_prepared_for the exam. (request that)③Our teacher requested_us_to_be_well_prepared_for the exam. (request sb. to do)6．familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的 (1)sb.be familiar with sth. 某人对某物很熟悉sth.be familiar to sb.＝sth.be known to sb.某物为某人所熟悉(2)be similar to 与……相似be familiar with this figure 熟悉这一人物the name is familiar to me那名字我是熟悉的be not familiar with his character 不了解他的性格[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①The theme park you are most familiar with is Disneyland.②After the foreign guests got familiar to the Chinese traditional festivals，they liked to live in China.第一个to→with[链接写作]——完成句子参观展览有助于你熟悉中国画艺术。Visiting the exhibition will help you_get_familiar_with_the_art_of_ Chinese_painting.7．attach vt.系，固定；附上，贴上；喜欢，依恋 (1)attach...to... 把……固定到/附在……上attach importance/significance/value to 认为……有重要性/意义/价值attach oneself to sb. 与某人在一起，缠着某人(2)(be) attached to 附属于；依恋attach great importance to its reputation and service attitude看重它的名声和服务态度attach labels to things 贴上标签 attach much significance to his visit 非常重视他的访问 please contact us on the attached form请使用所附表格联系我们[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①My parents always attach great importance to my getting (get) a good education.②This research center attaching to the university is in the charge of him.attaching→attached[链接写作]——完成句子很多青少年认为手机要比他们的朋友重要得多。Many teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to their phones than to their friends.8．bear vi.& vt.容忍，忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)；携带 (1)can't bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事can't bear sb./sb.'s doing/to do sth. 不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住……bear/keep in mind that... 记住……have to bear the costs of their own treatment 病人不得不自己承担治疗费用should bear that responsibility alone必须独自承担所有责任[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①He couldn't bear being_laughed/to_be_laughed (laugh) at in public.②Bearing (bear) a heavy burden，she has to work hard to raise her children.③He can't bear people to smoking when he's eating.smoking→smoke[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)My mother often reminds me to remember that failure is the mother of success.(高级表达)My mother often reminds me to bear/keep_in_mind that failure is the mother of success.9．get used to习惯于  get/be used to(doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth./for (doing) sth. 被用来做某事be used as... 作为……来使用used to do sth. 过去常常做某事get used to using the brakes习惯使用刹车 can get used to anything in the course of the year随着岁月的推移会渐渐地习惯这一切 [链接写作]——语段填空当他年轻的时候，他常步行去那儿。现在他习惯于骑自行车去那里，虽然他有时用自行车去接他的孙子。When he was young，he used to ①go (go) there on foot.Now he has got used to ②going (go) there by bike，though his bike is used ③to_pick (pick) up his grandson sometimes.10．see...off给……送行 see through sb./sth. 看透，识破；做完(某项工作)see to sb./sth. 照料；注意；处理see to it that... 确保/保证……seeing that... 因为，由于，鉴于see off Mr.Brown this afternoon今天下午为布朗先生送行 see off any burglars把任何盗贼赶出去wave to see off 挥手送别 raised her head to see off her son 翘望儿子远行的背影[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Don't fool me；I can see through your tricks!②I'm so glad you've come here to see to this matter in person.③Seeing (see) that you're already at the door，I suppose I must invite you inside.11．bring an end to结束，制止 come to an end 结束，告终使……结束；终结……at the end of... 在……结束时；最终[名师点津]　(1)在end的习语bring an end to，put an end to，come to an end中，用an不用the。(2)bring an end to sth.可以转化为bring sth.to an end，但put an end to不可改为put...to an end。 bring an end to his patient's suffering 终止患者的痛苦can light up the world and bring an end to war可以照亮整个世界并结束战争bring an end to the story结束故事[基础练习]——单句语法填空①The meeting didn't come to an end until 12 o'clock.②Only through political solution could we put an end to the violence.12．(教材P39)Decide where_to_go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪儿去度假。 [句法句式]句中where to go on holiday...为“疑问副词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。(1)疑问词后跟动词不定式构成的短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语，还可以作定语。(why和if后不能直接跟动词不定式)(2)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式往往与前面的疑问代词构成动宾关系，不定式结构用主动语态。(3)此类不定式短语作定语时，通常仅限于“介词＋which＋不定式”结构。[金句推送]　How to divide labor among the workers is still a question.这些工人之间如何分工仍是个问题。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①He told his mother that he needed ten dollars with which to buy a new dictionary.②The most competent adults are those who know how to_do(do) this.13．(教材P40)I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China.上次我到中国参观时，也有同样的经历。 [句法句式]表示时间的名词短语the last time相当于从属连词，引导时间状语从句。(1)名词短语作连词引导时间状语从句的还有the first time，each time，any time，next time，the moment，the second，the minute，the instant，the hour，the day等。(2)以­ly结尾的副词，如directly，instantly，immediately也可以用来引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。[金句推送]　The moment he got out of the airport，the pop star was surrounded by his fans.这位著名的歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围了起来。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①I came to see you immediately (immediate) I heard the news.②Directly(direct) I had done it，I knew I had made a mistake.[链接写作]——一句多译一见到她我就告诉她这个消息。I will tell her the news I see her.多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．No wonder his wife complains about him.No one can bear him staying (stay) at home，doing nothing day after day.2．It is requested that each of the teachers invited (should)_give (give) a performance at the party.3．Exchanging (exchange) opinions with each other on the schedule，we finally reached an agreement.4．Parents attach much significance (significant) to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.5．Before I studied psychology，I had been used to thinking (think) that people would laugh when funny things occurred.6．The question we have to face is how to_cross (cross)the river.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词1．He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life.2．The mother and children went to Swansea to see the father off.3．He attached himself to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him.4．What is being pulled down is the only theme park that is familiar to children.5．With the development of science and technology，the surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.维度3——查缺补漏1．It is reported that the majority of the young，with their parents working in distant cities，have_been_suffering (suffer) from a sense of loneliness for years.2．He is considering selling the old house that belongs to his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own.3．The matter related (relate) to people's health surely requires dealing with carefully.4．Having_smoked (smoke) too much，he has suffered from lung cancer.5．I avoid meeting (meet) him，because I don't like him.语篇练习——提升能力提能一　单元话题语篇练根据教材课文P36内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I have been so busy adapting myself 1.to culture shock.I'm looking forward to 2.seeing(see) you and while you are visiting me in London，I'll pay for anything. 3.Knowing(know) that you've never travelled outside Asia，I'll tell you a bit about 4.what you can expect to find. There are people from all over the world 5.living(live) here，so there are many international restaurants and almost every town has at 6.least (little) one Chinese restaurant.7.In addition，you need to learn something about a tip to avoid 8.getting(get) confused about the British tipping system.If the 9.service(serve) is good，you can leave 10% of the bill for them.We can go hiking while you 10.are_staying(stay) here.The last thing，even though British humour may make you amazed，the majority of British people are friendly.提能二　单元话题写作练1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①上次去美国时我有一次难忘的经历。I had unforgettable experiences the_last_time I went to America.②由于我英语不好，我不知道如何乘出租车。Because of my poor English，I had_difficulty_in taking a taxi.③很幸运，有一位热心的妇女让我搭了个便车。Luckily，a warm­hearted woman gave_me_a_lift.④此外，她告诉我如何乘车、如何问路。In addition，she told me how_to_take_a_taxi.Furthermore，she told me how_to_ask_for_ways.⑤我很感激她的帮助，意识到学好英语可以帮助我们跟外国人沟通和交流思想。I really appreciated her help.I realized that to learn English well was of great help and that learning it well could help us communicate_with_ foreigners_and_exchange_ ideas.2．升级平淡句(1)升级1中②句中的词组because of：Owing_to/As_a_result_of_my_poor_English，I_had_difficulty_in_ taking_a_taxi.(2)用形式主语改写1中的⑤句：I_really_appreciated_her_help.I_realized_that_it_was_of_great_help_to_learn_English_well_and_that_learning_it_well_could_help_us_communicate_with_foreigners_and_exchange_ideas.3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：luckily，in addition)I had unforgettable experiences the last time I went to America.Owing to my poor English，I had difficulty in taking a taxi.Luckily，a warm­hearted woman gave me a lift.In addition，she told me how to take a taxi.Furthermore，she told me how to ask for ways.I really appreciated her help.I realized that it was of great help to learn English well and that learning it well could help us communicate with foreigners and exchange ideas.