2020高考英语新创新大一轮复习人教全国版讲义：选修6Unit3Ahealthylife

Unit 3 A healthy life

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．cigarette n．　　　　香烟；纸烟
2．adolescent n. 青少年
adj. 青春期的
3．adolescence n. 青春期
4．bad­tempered adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的
5．pregnant adj. 怀孕的
6．packet n. 小包；小盒
7．comprehension n. 理解(力)
8．etc (et cetera) adv. 诸如此类的事物；等等
9．appendix n. 附录；附件
10．resolve n. 决心；决定
11．fluid n. 液体；流体
12．needle n. 针；(注射器的)针头
13．abortion n. 流产；中途失败
14．obesity n. (过度)肥胖；肥胖症
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．abuse n．&vt.　 　　 　滥用；虐待
2．ban vt. 禁止；取缔
n. 禁令；谴责
3．due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的
4．tough adj. 困难的；强硬的
5．quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开
6．effect n. 结果；效力
7．withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
8．lung n. 肺
9．abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的
10．male adj. 男性的；雄性的
n. 男人；雄性动(植)物
11．female adj. 女性的；雌性的
n. 雌性的动(植)物；女人
12．prejudice n. 偏见；成见
13．judgement n. 看法；判决；判断
14．embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的
15．awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．stress n．压力；重音；vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的
2．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addiction n．上瘾；沉溺；嗜好→addict vt.使上瘾 n．有瘾的人
3．breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
4．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
5．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically adv.无意识地；自动地
6．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上
7．unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit adj.健康的；合适的→fitness n．健康
8．strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强→strength n．力气；力量；强项
9．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；沮丧
10．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的
11．relaxation n．放松；松弛→relax v．使放松→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的
12．weaken vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱→weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．弱点
13．robbery n．抢劫；盗窃→rob v．抢劫；抢夺→robber n．抢劫犯
14．illegal adj.不合法的；违法的→legal adj.合法的
15．survival n．幸存→survive v．幸存→survivor n．幸存者
16．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地
[语境活用]
1．The man had so little education that he was unfit (fit) for this job.
2．We all agreed on an idea to strengthen (strength) the cooperation between our two parties.
3．Tom's parents are worried that he is addicted to the computer games which are addictive to children.(addict)
4．You take my breath away and you leave me breathless.(breath)
5．The man in the river desperately tried to reach the side. The situation was desperate but not hopeless.(desperate)
6．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)
7．You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man.(shame)
8．After hearing some relaxing music, she felt quite relaxed,_and there was relaxed expression on her face.(relax)
9．As we all know, everyone has both strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, we shouldn't look down upon whoever looks weak.(weaken)
10．To his disappointment,_he didn't enter the final, which was disappointing. But he was not disappointed and said he would not lose heart. He believed that he wouldn't disappoint his fans. (disappoint)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.due_to　　　　　由于……
2．addicted_to 对……有瘾
3．accustomed_to 习惯于……
4．decide_on 对……作出决定
5．feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)……
6．over_and_over_again 再三地；反复地
7．do_damage_to_... 对……造成伤害/损伤
8．instead_of 代替；而不是
9．in_spite_of 不顾；不管；尽管
10．take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险
11．get_into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)
12．at_risk 处境危险；遭受危险
13．out_of_breath 上气不接下气
14．make_up_one's_mind 下定决心
1.He was addicted_to drinking because of work pressure.
2．Finally we decided_on the plan we should carry out.
3．Due_to the extreme cold, we couldn't go out to have a picnic.
4．The old man likes telling us his life story over_and_over_again.
5．The heavy rain did great damage_to the crops there.
6．Surrounded by positive people, you will keep focused on what you can do instead_of what you can't.
7．It is sunny today, and we feel_like going out to have a walk.
8．We are usually accustomed_to having a get­together every other week.
9．The girl has got_into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.
10．In_spite_of great efforts we made, we failed to carry out our plans.
11．Have you made_up_your_mind to quit smoking?
12．After the 800­metre race, the girls were out_of_breath.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.
正如你知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。
as引导非限制性定语从句。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)正如我们知道的，长江是亚洲最长的河流，拥有许多景点。
As_we_know,_the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has so many attractions.
2.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。
①do hope为强调结构，do常用来强调谓语动词。
②“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构。
尽管汤姆和我一样是个“老烟枪”(a heavy smoker)，但他去年确实戒烟了。
Although Tom was_as_heavy_a_smoker_as_me,_he did_give_up smoking last year.
3.Do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs.
在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。
while后接分词短语构成省略句，省略了主语和be动词。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)另外，享受美食的同时，你应该在咀嚼食物时避免出声。
What's more, when you are enjoying the tasty meal, you need to avoid making noises while_chewing_food.

二、课堂重点深化

1．stress n．压力；重音；强调；重要性vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①When under stress, even a most gentle person can be bad­tempered and get angry easily.
②It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful (stress) society.
③Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.
一句多译
他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。
④He_stressed_the_importance_of_receiving_a_good_education.(stress v．)
⑤He_laid/put_stress_on_receiving_a_good_education. (stress n．)
　[系统归纳]
(1)under stress　　　　　　　　 在压力之下
lay/put stress on sth. 强调某事物
(2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
(3)stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的(指人)
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥Cooperation or teamwork, the importance in which is stressed, plays an important part in football matches.第一个in→of
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·天津高考书面表达)我想强调的是我们团队目前正在招纳新队员。
What_I_want_to_stress is that our group is looking for new members right now.
2．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中due的含义
①The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.欠款的
②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.预定的
③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的
④When it comes to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.应有的
单句语法填空
⑤A great deal of money is due to you; please give me your bank account.
⑥It is said that the spaceship is due to_arrive (arrive) three days later.
　[系统归纳]
due to　　　　　　　　　 由于；因为；归因于
be due to do sth. 预定做某事
be due to sb. 应付给/给予某人
be due for sth. 应用某物；应得到某物
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦Mr Black dropped out of politics was due to poor health. 去掉was
佳句时时写
⑧由于我的特别照顾，妈妈很快恢复了。
Due_to_my_special_care,_my_mother_recovered_quickly.
　[联想发散]　表示“由于；因为”的其他短语：on account of；because of；as a result of等。
3．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Many kids are addicted to surfing (surf) the Net, so they have lost interest in study.
②Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.
③I discovered an addiction (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.
　[系统归纳]
　 沉溺于(做)某事
(2)addiction n. 上瘾；沉溺；嗜好
[名师指津]　“addict；addicted；addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。
　[重点强化]
易错对对碰(addicted/addict)
④Addicted to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(句①升级表达)
⑤Addicting themselves to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(句②升级表达)
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)得知你沉醉于乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。
Learning that you_are_addicted_to_table_tennis,_I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.
4．accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America, I feel very upset.
②Accustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.
　[系统归纳]

(2)accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
　[重点强化]
一句多译
习惯晚起床，我总是感到困乏。
③I am_accustomed_to/accustom_myself_to getting up late, and I always feel sleepy.
④Accustomed_to/Accustoming_myself_to getting up late, I always feel sleepy.
佳句时时写
⑤他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
He_quickly_got_accustomed/accustomed_himself_to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.
[联想发散]
含有介词to的其他常用动词短语：
devote oneself to奉献　　　 get down to开始认真做
give way to对……让步 lead to导致；通向
object to反对 stick to坚持

5．effect n．结果；效力；影响
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The effective (effect) way to kill the pest has a disastrous effect on the environment, affecting (affect) the balance of nature.
②It won't be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare no effort to do it.
③The agreement signed between the two companies last week will come into effect soon.
　[系统归纳]
(1)side effect　　　　　　　　　 副作用
come into/take effect 生效；见效
have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
bring/put ... into effect 实施；使……生效
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
(3)affect v. 影响
　[重点强化]
一句多译
他的话对我没有影响。
His words
佳句时时写
⑥我写信告诉你因为人类活动对它们产生不利的影响，中国长江江豚正面临灭绝。
I am writing to tell you that the finless porpoise is becoming extinct because humans'_activities_have_a_bad_effect_on_them.
6．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The parents felt ashamed of their son when he was dismissed by the boss.
②It is shameful (shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.
补全句子
③It's_a_shame_that you can't stay with us.
你不能留下来和我们在一起太遗憾了。
　[系统归纳]
(1)be/feel ashamed of ...　　　 对……感到惭愧/羞耻
be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事
(2)shame n. 惭愧；羞耻；羞愧
It's a shame that ... 真遗憾……
(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；不道德的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④You should be ashamed of fail to finish the task. fail→failing
佳句时时写(一句多译)
在课堂上，学生们不应该羞于向老师发问。
⑤In class, students should not be_ashamed_of_asking_the_teacher_questions.
⑥In class, students should not be_ashamed_to_ask_the_teacher_questions.

1．take risks (a risk)冒险
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.
②The national parks are very important for the protection of these wild animals, which would otherwise run the risk of becoming extinct.
③He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.
　[系统归纳]
(1)at risk　　　　　　　　 　　 有风险；处境危险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的危险
run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒风险；有……的危险
put ... at risk 让……处于危险之中
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④We do not expect untrained people to take risk.risk→risks或take后加a
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·江苏高考书面表达)它不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生活处于危险之中。
Not only does it affect our daily life, but it also puts_people's_lives_at_risk.
2．get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
　[系统归纳]
get into the habit of 　 养成……的习惯
get across (to sb.) (使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get away 逃脱；离开
get over 克服困难；痊愈
get through 熬过(困难时期)；通过；接通电话
get along with 进展；相处
get down to 开始做某事
　[重点强化]
单句语法填空
①A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means.
②A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
③Looking back on my past few years, friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face.
④After Christmas I'm going to get down to some serious job­hunting.
佳句时时写
⑤城门失火，殃及池鱼。
Innocent people get_into_trouble on account of others' misfortune.
[教材原句]　I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.
3．“do＋动词原形”的强调结构
　[自主体验]
①The baby is generally healthy，but every now and then she does_catch_a_cold.
那个婴儿的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。
②—I'm sorry. I shouldn't have been rude to you.
—You did_lose_your_temper but that's all right.
——很抱歉，我不该对你粗鲁的。
——你确实发脾气了，但没关系。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：
(1)句子是肯定句；
(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
注意事项
在“do/does/did＋动词原形”中，动词原形常常被误写成其他形式，需要特别注意。

　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)I do cherish every single moment and always hope to make myself better.
②(精彩收尾句)We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
4．“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构
　[自主体验]
①Our neighbour has as_big_a_garden_as ours.
我们的邻居有一个和我们一样大的花园。
②You've made as_many_mistakes_as I have.
你和我犯了一样多的错误。
③I can carry as_much_paper_as you can.
我能和你搬动一样多的纸。
④In many sports physical fitness is not as_important_as technique.
在许多体育运动中，体能没有技巧重要。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
as的常见结构：
(1)as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...
(2)as many＋复数名词＋as ...
(3)as much＋不可数名词＋as ...
(4)as＋adj./adv.＋as ＋sb./sth.
注意事项
否定句中“as ...as ...”结构中第一个as也可换成so。

　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Playing Pingpong is as popular an activity as playing football in our campus.
②(增分要点句)Our new school built last year has as big a playground as yours.

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“健康的生活方式”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——健康生活
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①overweight　 ②unhealthy　　 ③diet　　　 ④normal
⑤significant ⑥energy ⑦physical ⑧function
⑨exercise ⑩benefit ⑪activity ⑫recommend
⑬weight ⑭regularly ⑮successful

(二)生疏词汇记一记
①stroke n．　中风　　　 ②depression n．　 　抑郁症
③dizziness n. 头晕 ④infective adj. 会传染的
⑤bacterium n. 细菌 ⑥virus n. 病毒
⑦capsule n. (药)胶囊 ⑧herb n. 草药
⑨tablet n. 药片 ⑩prescription n. 处方
⑪ward n. 病房 ⑫waistline n. 腰围
⑬expand v. 扩张 ⑭body­building n. 健身运动
⑮fatten v. 长胖 ⑯efficiently adv. 高效地
⑰overeat v. 暴食 ⑱self­confidence n. 自信心
⑲evidence n. 证据 ⑳considerably adv. 大量地
individual n. 个人；个体 persistent adj. 持之以恒的
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①heart attack　　　　　　　　　　 心脏病
②be infected with 传染上
③break down (身体)垮掉
④free medical service 公费医疗
⑤be under medical treatment 在治疗中
⑥reduce stress 减轻压力
⑦feel frustrated 感到沮丧
⑧build muscle 锻炼肌肉
⑨fitness center 健身中心
⑩get rid of the fat 消除脂肪
⑪low­fat diet 低脂饮食
⑫stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
⑬be addicted to 沉溺于
(四)写作佳句背一背
①Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
②People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.
③With the improvement of the living standards, more and more people, especially children, are suffering from obesity.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
[题目要求]
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry发邮件向你询问有关网络游戏对孩子们的影响。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．现状；　2.危害；　3.措施。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句
(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)
ban ... from ..., be addicted to, quit the habit, stress the importance of, the Internet games

1．越来越多的孩子们整天沉溺于网络游戏。
More_and_more_children_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_games_all_day.
2．一旦他们养成这个习惯，他们就不容易摆脱掉。
Once_they_get_into_the_habit,_they_won't_quit_the_habit_easily.
3．老师和家长应该强调学习的重要性。
The_teachers_and_parents_should_stress_the_importance_of_study.
4．老师和家长应该禁止他们玩这样的网络游戏。
The_teachers_and_parents_should_ban_them_from_playing_such_Internet_games.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
5．在句1后加非限制性定语从句“这对他们有很坏的影响”。
More_and_more_children_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_games_all_day,_which_has_a_bad_effect_on_them.
6．在句2增加and连接的并列句 “这不能够使他们适应日常生活”(accustom)。
Once_they_get_into_the_habit,_they_won't_quit_it_easily,_and_it_can't_accustom_themselves_to_the_daily_life.
7．用句型“It is reasonable to do sth.”来改写句4
It_is_reasonable_to_ban_them_from_playing_such_Internet_games.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．把上面句5中的非限制性定语从句改为非谓语动词短语作状语。
More_and_more_children_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_games_all_day,_having_a_bad_effect_on_them.
2．把上面句6中的并列句改为which引导的非限制性定语从句。
Once_they_get_into_the_habit,_they_won't_quit_it_easily,_which_can't_accustom_themselves_to_the_daily_life.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
邮件可以用“I'm writing to give you the rough sketch about the question put forward in your last letter.”开头；用过渡性词汇surprisingly， what's more， in my opinion， furthermore 连句成文；最后用“I hope my suggestion will be helpful to you.”作为结束语。
Dear_Terry，
I_am_writing_to_give_you_the_rough_sketch_about_the_question_put_forward_in_your_last_letter.
Surprisingly,_more_and_more_children_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_games_all_day,_having_a_bad_effect_on_them._What's_more,_once_they_get_into_the_habit,_they_won't_quit_it_easily,_which_can't_accustom_themselves_to_the_daily_life._In_my_opinion,_the_teachers_and_parents_should_stress_the_importance_of_study;_furthermore,_it_is_reasonable_to_ban_them_from_playing_such_Internet_games.
I_hope_my_suggestion_will_be_helpful_to_you.
Yours，
Li_Hua

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·天津高考)We are desperately (desperate) in need of your help. So as the group leader, I sincerely invite you to join us.
2．(2018·江苏高考)Wild camping is illegal (legal) in England.To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.
3．(2015·重庆高考)Travelers have traditionally fought this problem with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as effectively (effect)．
4．(2014·湖南高考)In the mid­1950s, I was a somewhat bored early­adolescent male student who believed that doing any more than necessary was wasted effort. One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment (embarrass)．
5．(2014·浙江高考) Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office — even simple views of trees and flowers — felt their jobs were less stressful (stress) and more satisfying.
6．(2014·四川高考)Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents (adolescence), which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings.
7．(2014·北京高考)And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally (abnormal), probably because of hunger.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用accustomed, addicted to, in spite of填空)
1．(2015·安徽高考完形填空)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are __47__ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones. addicted_to
2．(2015·浙江高考完形填空)However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly become __31__.accustomed
3．(2013·天津高考完形填空)He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games __33__ his exhaustion after long days.in_spite_of

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：健康是人生最宝贵的财富，是工作和生活最重要的本钱。拥有健康，才能拥有一切。高考题目的命制也在顺应时代潮流，高考试题中关于健康类文章的比重也在逐步增加。平时多关注健康类的语篇素材，提高生活质量，提升文学素养。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1]It's spring now. After a long, cold winter, your waistline may have expanded a bit and you may be considering a diet.
[2]Just do a quick Internet search of “crash diets”. The results are endless. “From start to finish, I dropped about 20 pounds，” Megan Costic said about her crash diet. “I cut everything out: I wasn't even eating vegetables at the end of it.”
[3]It was all to prepare for a body­building show. Costic says it's not the way she normally prepares, nor the way she should prepare. “It wasn't supposed to be a crash diet. I just started my plan a little too late，” said Costic.
[4]So what happened after the show? Exactly what you might expect. Costic gained all the weight back, and fast. “I deprived (剥夺) my body of so much stuff, once my body tasted all those salty, sugary, fattening foods, it wanted more and more，” said Costic.
[5]Costic is not alone. Wellness Dietitian with ProMedica Health Systems Nathan Drendel says he has seen it all. “People lose 15～20 pounds and they don't learn anything but deprivation and they overeat and put 25 on. Then they drop 30 and put 35 on，” explained Drendel. “It can have problems with the heart, and the immune system. It can mess up your metabolism (新陈代谢) over time if you do it for a long time，” said Drendel.
[6]Doctor Ameer Kabour, Chief of Cardiology for Mercy St. Vincent's, says his department sees a lot of people with heart problems this time of year, after doing a crash diet. “Because of that diet, people have a significant drop in their blood pressure and they pass out (昏迷)，” said Kabour.
语篇解读：速效减肥往往适得其反，而且会造成很多健康问题。
1．Why did Costic try crash diets?
A．To change her lifestyle.
B．To prepare for a show.
C．To keep fit and healthy.
D．To enjoy the spring season.
解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段“It was all to prepare for a body­building show.”可知，Costic开始速效减肥是因为她要参加一个健美比赛。
2．What can we learn from Costic's case?
A．People should keep on trying crash diets.
B．Crash diets are only suitable for some people.
C．People should go on a diet as early as possible.
D．Crash diets aren't an effective way of losing weight.
解析：选D　推理判断题。由Costic的例子可以看出，她停止速效减肥后体重快速反弹，因此速效减肥不是一种长期有效的减肥方法。
3．What will probably happen after people have a crash diet?
A．They will eat more healthily.
B．They will have health problems.
C．They will lose their taste for food.
D．They will keep their normal weight.
解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后两段医生所介绍的情况可知，速效减肥会导致许多健康问题。
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To explain the harm of crash diets.
B．To share doctors' view on crash diets.
C．To tell us a proper way to be on a diet.
D．To explore an easy and ideal way to lose weight.
解析：选A　写作意图题。综合全文，尤其是最后两段可知，速效减肥会导致很多健康问题，因此作者的写作目的主要是介绍速效减肥的害处。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(8)——分析文章结构，攻克写作意图题
写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解的文章中的文字表述、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者的写作意图。
以上文第4题为例：第一段根据现象提出观点：considering a diet；第二、三、四、五段以例子说明网上流行的速效节食方法并不可行；故本文的写作目的是介绍速效减肥的危害性。