2021高三统考外研英语一轮（经典版）学案：Book3　Module3　TheViolenceofNature

Book 3　Module 3　The Violence of Nature1．A severe earthquake almost destroyed everything, leaving many buildings in ruins.一场强烈的地震几乎毁了一切，令很多建筑成为废墟。2．Crops are destroyed in a flood, which gradually results in increased food prices due to food shortages.洪水毁坏了农作物，这逐渐导致由食物短缺引起的食品价格上涨。3．California wildfires caused a lot of homes and other buildings to burn to ashes and many people were reported killed, making it the deadliest in state's recorded history.加州山火令很多房屋和建筑烧为灰烬，据报道很多人在火中丧生，使得它成为该州有史以来最致命的山火。4．There is the possibility of life­threatening floods during the next 48 hours in many coastal areas.在沿海地区未来48小时内有可能会出现危及生命的洪灾天气。 自主排查 夯基固本 Ⅰ　核心单词(1)flood (n.) 洪水(2)experience (vt.) 经历 (n.) 经历(可数)；经验(不可数)→experienced (adj.) 有经验的(3)cause (vt.) 引起；导致 (n.) 原因；事业；目标(4)furniture (n.) 家具→furnish (vt.) 配备；装备(5)bury (vt.) 埋葬→burial (n.) 葬礼；掩埋(6)occur (vi.) 发生→occurrence (n.) 发生；出现(7)violent (adj.) 猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence (n.) 暴力(8)strike (vt.& n．) (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击 (n.) 罢工→struck (过去式)→struck/stricken (过去分词)(9)possibility (n.) 可能；可能性→possible (adj.) 可能的→possibly (adv.) 可能地(10)terrifying (adj.) 吓人的；可怕的→terrified (adj.) 恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrify (vt.) 使恐惧；惊吓→terror (n.) 恐惧；惊恐(11)luckily (adv.) 幸运地；幸亏→lucky (adj.) 幸运的→luck (n.) 好运；运气(12)thankfully (adv.) 感激地；满怀感谢地→thankful (adj.) 感激的；感谢的→thank (v.) 感谢(13)hopefully (adv.) 满怀希望地；有希望地→hopeful (adj.) 有希望的→hope (n. & v．) 希望；期望(14)sadly (adv.) 伤心地；不幸地→sad (adj.) 悲伤的→sadness (n.) 悲伤(15)warning (n.) 警告→warn (v.) 警告(16)active (adj.) 积极的；活跃的→actively (adv.) 积极地；活跃地(17)damage (n.& v．) 损失；损害Ⅱ　阅读单词(1)disaster (n.) 灾难(2)hurricane (n.) 飓风(3)lightning (n.) 闪电→light (n.) 光 (v.) 点燃(4)thunderstorm (n.) 雷暴(5)tornado (n.) 龙卷风(6)column (n.) 柱状物(7)current (n.) 海流；潮流(8)latitude (n.) 纬度(9)feather (n.) 羽毛(10)tropical (adj.) 热带的(11)equator (n.) 赤道(12)rotating (adj.) 旋转的；循环的(13)wave (n.) 波浪(14)erupt (vt.) (火山的)爆发；喷发→eruption (n.) 爆发；喷发(15)volcano (n.) 火山(16)previous (adj.) 以前的→previously (adv.) 以前地(17)worldwide (adj.) 全世界的　[单句语法填空]1．The young man has not yet recovered from his early  ________ (experience)．答案：experiences2．I was looking for my handbag, which  ________ (bury) under a pile of old newspapers. 答案：was buried3．An earthquake hit the capital,  ________ (cause) panic among the population.答案：causing4．The explosion  ________ (occur) during an exercise near the town.答案：occurred5．Immediately a great fear fell on her. She shut the door  ________ (violent), and ran away.答案：violently6．Wilde fell and  ________ (strike) his head on the stone floor.答案：struck7．Then a lake formed, probably after an  ________ (erupt) blocked some rivers or streams.答案：eruption8．We were not in the least worried about the  ________ (possible) that sweets could rot the teeth.答案：possibility9．The biting cold was more  ________ (terrify) than anyone could have imagined. 答案：terrifying10．________ (hopeful), you've found Franklin's and the others' advice helpful.答案：Hopefully自然灾害词汇集锦①flood洪水②earthquake地震③drought干旱④aftershock 余震⑤tsunami 海啸⑥mudslide 泥石流⑦landslide 山体滑坡⑧haze 霾1．pick_up　捡起；接收(信号)；卷起；掀起；搭载；偶然学会2．take_off  去掉；起飞；突然成功；脱掉3．on_average  平均起来4．end_up  结果为……，以……结束5．wake_up  睡醒；醒来6．set fire to  放火(焚烧)……7．catch fire   着火8．put out  扑灭(火)9．in all  总共；共计10．take place   发生；举行　[选词填空]pick up, put out, in all, on average, end up with, set fire to1．There were twelve of us ________ for dinner.答案：in all2．You can ________ what astronauts call a carbon－dioxide headache.答案：end up with3．The boy went down to ________ the wallet on the ground.答案：pick up4．The police were trying to find out who ________ the shop.答案：set fire to5．The price of the egg is eight yuan per kg________.答案：on average6．Without firemen, the villagers around tried many ways to ________the fire.答案：put out1．pick短语小结①pick up 捡起；学会；接收(信号)②pick off  瞄准射击；采摘；挑选③pick on 捉弄；欺负；挑剔；批评④pick out  挑出，辨认出 ⑤pick at 吃一点点；扯；找茬2．“fire”家族①set fire to ... 放火烧…… ②catch fire 着火③be on fire 着火；在燃烧④start a fire 生火，点火⑤make a fire 生火⑥put out a/the fire 灭火⑦play with fire 玩火⑧open fire (战争等)开火⑨be on fire for ...  对……狂热/喜欢课文原句句式梳理仿写训练1.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. (P23)美国每年平均会发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。本句中的causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。The football team played in all the European countries, ______________  (使它很有名)． 2.The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States.(P29)1906年4月18日发生在加利福尼亚的地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。本句中的that has ever happened in the United States是定语从句，修饰先行词earthquake。 一般来说，当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词用that, 且定语从句常用完成时。This is the most beautiful scenery _________________  (我所见过的).答案：1.making it famous　2.that I have ever seen 直击重点 突破考点 １．experience　vt.经历；体验　n．[C](一次)经历，体验；[U](由实践得来的)经验(P21) (1)单句语法填空①Students meet once a month to discuss their  ________ (experience)．②As a nurse, she has rich experience ________ looking after children.答案：①experiences　②in(2)单句改错Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experiences._________________________________________________________________答案：experiences→experience(3)单句写作①Don't correct him all the time; he'll learn   __________.别总是纠正他，他会从经验中学习。②I ________________ doing this kind of job. 做这种工作我很有经验。答案：①by/from experience　②am experienced in (1)experience n.have rich/much experience in/of/with sth. 在某事方面有经验by/from experience 凭经验，从经验中(得出)in sb.'s experience 据某人的经验来看(2)experience sth. 体验/经历/感受某事(3)experienced adj. 有经验的be experienced in (doing) ... 在(做)……方面有经验２．bury　vt.埋葬；遮盖；使专心(P22) (1)单句语法填空He was buried ________  his study, so you'd better not disturb him.答案：in(2)单句写作①He ____________________ and wept.他双手掩面而泣。②Since she left, he has ______________ his work.自从她离开后，他全心扑在工作上。答案：①buried his face in his hands　②buried himself in埋头于，专心于bury one's face/head in sth. 把脸/头埋在某物里面３．occur　vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起；浮现(P22) (1)单句语法填空①The traffic accident ________ (occur) yesterday morning.②Such a simple explanation never occurred  ________  me!答案：①occurred　②to(2)单句改错Didn't it occur to you turn to the policeman for help?_________________________________________________________________答案：turn前加to(3)单句写作①I suppose ________ didn't ____________ you ____________ the police.我想你根本就没想到打电话报警。②________ had never ________________________ he might be falling in love with her.他从未想到自己会爱上她。答案：①it; occur to; to call　②It; occurred to him that (1)It occurs/occurred to sb.某人想到……(2)Sth.  occur(s)/occurred to sb. 某人想到某事；某事浮现在某人的脑海中４．strike　vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；敲钟，报时；擦，划(火柴)　n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工(P23) (1)单句语法填空①I was deeply struck  ________  the beauty of the Great Wall.②Staff at the hospital went ________ strike to protest against the incident.答案：①by　②on(2)单句改错①The stone struck him in his right eye._________________________________________________________________②Workers of the mine were on the strike, demanding better working conditions._________________________________________________________________答案：①his→the　②去掉strike前的the(3)单句写作______________ I had left my purse in the office.我突然想到我把钱包落在办公室了。答案：It struck me that(4)选词填空(strike/beat/hit/knock)An idea ________ him that his friend lived nearby when a stone ________ him on the head, so he went up to ________ at the door with his heart ________ faster.答案：struck; hit; knock; beating (1)strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位　击打某人某处be struck by 被……打动sth. strikes/struck sb. 某人突然想起某事It strikes/struck sb. that ... /It strikes/struck sb. to do ... 某人突然想到……strike a match 划火柴(2)be on strike 在罢工(状态)go on strike 举行罢工(动作)[易混辨析]strike当“打”讲时，表示突然地，一次性地“击打”；也可指钟表打点hit指“打”时，侧重于对某一点“打中，击中”，指有目标的“打”。也可表示成功轰动一时的人或物beat指连续“殴打，击败”或“敲打”，还可指心脏、脉搏的跳动knock指敲打并伴有响声，还有打倒、打翻之意１．end up结果为……，以……结束(P23) (1)单句语法填空①Our game always ends up  ________  a quarrel.②He ended up  ________ the head of the company.③With prices going up, I find it hard to make  ________ (end) meet. 答案：①in　②as　③ends(2)单句改错①It is high time that we put an end with this discussion. _________________________________________________________________②Now I want to know about this thing from begin to end. _________________________________________________________________答案：①with→to　②begin→beginning(3)单句写作①If you try to remember everything you will ________________ nothing.如果你想记住所有内容，结果反而会什么也记不住。②The meeting ____________________ at last.会议终于结束了。③It rained for three days ____________.雨连续下了三天。答案：①end up remembering　②came to an end　③on end (1)end up in 以……告终；结果为……end up with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)end up as 最终成为……end up doing sth. 最终以做某事而结束(2)come to an end 结束(不及物)put an end to 结束(及物)from beginning to end 从头至尾；自始至终on end 连续地make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出１．[教材原句]They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它们能毁掉房屋，却把房内的家具留在原处。(P23) (1)单句语法填空①Leave the medicine  ________  the children can't reach it.②The news left me  ________ (wonder) what would happen next.③Leave your kids ________ they are and they will grow in a healthy way.答案：①where　②wondering　③as(2)单句改错①The bad weather left the project half finishing._________________________________________________________________②Leave the rice cook for 20 minutes at least._________________________________________________________________答案：①finishing→finished　②cook前加to(3)单句写作①As soon as I'd shut the door, I realized I'd ________________.我刚关上门，就想起钥匙留在里面了。②I purposely __________________ at night because I know I'll be blamed by Mom.我故意晚上开着窗子，因为我知道妈妈会责备我。答案：①left the keys inside　②leave the window open (1)leave＋宾语＋(宾补)(2)leave sb./sth.＋２．[教材原句]Coghlan travelled back to Canada—after he had been buried in Texas!埋葬于得克萨斯州的科格伦又回到了加拿大！(P23) (1)单句语法填空①In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ________ (invent) yet.②On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that ________ (reject) by its mother.答案：①hadn't been invented　②had been rejected(2)单句写作①My classmate told me that __________________  by his teacher.我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚。②We all thought  that ______________ in the plane crash.我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了。答案：①he had been punished　②he had been killed (1)过去完成时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。该动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用by, before等构成的短语或when, after, until等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。(2)用在含有被动形式的间接引语或宾语从句中，常放在像said, told, thought, wondered等词的后面，表示在这些过去发生的动作之前已经发生的动作。 课文回练 升华运用 A tornado is a __1__ (rotate) column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground. Almost all of __2__ occur in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.Tornadoes can cause much __3__ (destruct). On average there are 800 __4__ (tornado)  in the US each year. The worst one of all time was in 1925, __5__ (affect) three US states. By the time it ended, more than 700 people __6__ (kill) and 2,700 had been injured.Hurricanes are strong tropical storms.There are __7__ (violence) winds of 120 kilometres per hour or more. There are about six Atlantic hurricanes each year. The worst hurricane disaster was __8__ the 8th September 1900, __9__ killed 6,000 people in a population of 37,000 and __10__ (destroy) 3,600 buildings.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________答案：1.rotating　2.them　3.destruction　4.tornadoes　5.affecting　6.had been killed　7.violent　8.on　9.which　10.destroyed