外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Making a difference优秀第一课时当堂检测题

课时作业4　Starting out & Understanding ideas

When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $500,000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didn't buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. __1__， she put the money in the bank and __2__ writing poems.

In 2011, she finally __3__ what to do with it.That year, Heather's godson and his wife __4__ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled.“I saw how people's __5__ can change overnight.

She __6__ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled.So in 2012, Heather __7__ a non­profit organization offering a seven­day free vacation to people who have been caregivers for at least 10 years.

Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation.When Tricia got a call about the vacation, she couldn't __8__ it.Disbelief even __9__ her concern about leaving her two kids.

Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy the __10__ things.“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold.I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to，” says Tricia.She was afraid the __11__ would return when the vacation was over, but to her surprise, it hasn't been back since.

Heather says Tricia's __12__ resembles those of the other ten caregivers she helps every year.“Before the vacation they are so __13__， but the change is so amazing. They reflect and relax.It feels __14__ like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another __15__，” she adds.

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Heather McHugh利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立了一个非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。

1．A.However   B．Therefore

C．Instead   D．Besides

答案：C

解析：根据文章首句可知，在获得了五十万美元的奖金后，她并没有购买豪车或去巴黎(旅游)，反而，她将这些钱存入银行。C项意为“而是，反而”，符合语境。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外”。

2．A.continued   B．quitted

C．practiced   D．started

答案：A

解析：她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续(continued)写诗。quit“停止”；practice“实践，训练”；start“开始”。

3．A.thought over   B．wondered

C．talked about   D．decided

答案：D

解析：根据下文中的“Heather __7__ a non­profit organization offering a seven­day free vacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。decide“决定”，符合语境。think over“仔细考虑”；wonder“想知道，好奇”；talk about“谈到，谈论”。

4．A.held   B．welcomed

C．lost   D．saved

答案：B

解析：Heather的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，那是一个漂亮的女婴，但是有严重的残疾。welcome“迎接”，符合语境。hold意为“握着，举行”；lose意为“失去”；save意为“拯救，节约”。

5．A.feelings   B．future

C．lives   D．routine

答案：C

解析：根据语境，并结合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾的女婴可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之间发生改变的。feeling“感觉；感受”；future“未来”；routine“惯例，常规”。

6．A.discovered  B．claimed

C．admitted   D．felt

答案：A

解析：她发现有数百万照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员。claim“宣称；断言”；admit“承认”；feel“感觉”；discover “发现”。

7．A.donated   B．found

C．visited   D．formed

答案：D

解析：因此Heather在2012年建立了一个非营利组织，为那些当护理员至少十年的人提供七天免费休假。form “建立，组织”，符合语境。donate“捐赠”；find“发现”；visit“参观”。

8．A.believe   B．take

C．refuse   D．enjoy

答案：A

解析：根据空后的“Disbelief”可知，Tricia不敢相信她获得了免费休假这件事。believe “相信”，符合语境。

9．A.woke   B．defeated

C．showed   D．moved

答案：B

解析：根据even 可知，她对免费休假的怀疑甚至打败(defeated)了对于留下孩子们的担忧。wake “醒来”；show “展示”；move “移动”。

10．A.wonderful   B．delicious

C．peaceful   D．simple

答案：D

解析：根据空后的“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold.I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to”可知，Tricia在度假时所做的事情都是很简单的(simple)事情。wonderful“精彩的，极棒的”；delicious“美味的”；peaceful“平静的，和平的”。

11．A.heaviness   B．pain

C．sadness   D．disbelief

答案：A

解析：她担心度假结束后，自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷，但出乎她意料的是后来的生活并没有回到从前。根据上文可知，Tricia是一个护理员，平时的工作都是照顾病人，生活很少有放松的时候，故heaviness“沉闷”符合语境。pain“伤痛”；sadness“伤心，悲伤”；disbelief “怀疑，不信任”。

12．A.comment   B．story

C．surprise   D．fortune

答案：B

解析：上文讲述的是Tricia享受免费休假的故事，故B项story “故事”符合语境。

13．A.worried   B．confused

C．unexpected   D．stressed

答案：D

解析：根据上文提到的Tricia担心度假结束后自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷可知，在旅行前他们的生活有压力，D项“stressed”符合语境。

14．A.slightly   B．interestingly

C．magically   D．mostly

答案：C

解析：这感觉非常神奇(magically)，就像是另外一个世界，并且给了他们一个从另一个角度(angle)看待他们的生活的机会。magically“魔法般地；神奇地”，符合语境。slightly“轻微地”；interestingly“有趣地”；mostly“大多地”。

15．A.place   B．situation

C．height   D．angle

答案：D

解析：参见上题解析。

A

As a volunteer, you will discover the unique opportunity of visiting the real world beyond the tourist window and become immersed (沉浸) in the cultures you visit.For many travelers, this time spent working on meaningful projects and getting to know the local area and its people is often regarded as their most memorable, enjoyable and fulfilling experience.

Who can volunteer?

Kaya volunteers are 18—80 years old people with an adventurous spirit.Whether you have time for a 2­week trip or a 6­month break, traveling on your own, with a group or with your family, or you are a student, taking a break from your study or have even retired, they will find a project that can use your help.

What types of projects can you do?

Kaya's project advisers work with you to decide which project is best for you and what type of work you like to do.You can work in the following fields：

*Environmental preservation—From the Ecuadorian rainforest to the jungle of Thailand, repair the damage done to some of the most beautiful and diverse places on earth.

*Work with children—They have over 40 projects working with children across the world in orphanages, schools and shelters for the abused and disabled.

*Sports—Through sports their projects can provide opportunities for health education and the development of life skills such as teamwork, communication, discipline and selfconfidence.

*Education—From English teaching to education programs for special needs and minority groups, give greater opportunity to the disadvantaged through education.

All projects include airport pick­ups and drop­offs, accommodation, orientation and 24­hour support. Many of their placements also include all meals and some language classes so that you can get even more involved.

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了参加Kaya志愿者项目的条件以及项目的类型等相关信息。

1．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A．To inspire people to volunteer.

B．To show the advantage of volunteers.

C．To call on volunteers to take part in certain projects.

D．To explain different projects to volunteers.

答案：C

解析：写作意图题。根据第一段尤其是“For many travelers, this time spent working on meaningful projects”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁志愿者参与某些项目。

2．What can a volunteer do while doing the advertised voluntary work?

A．Receive some extra pay for their work.

B．Travel around for free.

C．Help the local people with their work.

D．Visit the local places of interest.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据“What types of projects can you do？”部分中的“From the Ecuadorian rainforest to the jungle of Thailand, repair the damage done to some of the most beautiful and diverse places on earth”可知，志愿者在做志愿工作的时候能够参观当地的一些名胜古迹。

3．What can we infer from the “Who can volunteer？” part of this passage?

A．Few people are willing to do the voluntary work.

B．There are almost no restrictions set on volunteers.

C．People without voluntary experiences are not welcome.

D．Junior school students can participate in the project.

答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Who can volunteer？”部分中的描述可知，参加Kaya志愿者项目除了有年龄的要求外几乎没有任何限制。

B

A 7­year­old boy in Ohio tried to sell his toy dog, police in Franklin said.“We heard about the boy from a man who came into the police station and said there was a small child carrying a stuffed animal in a busy street of Franklin，” Franklin Police Officer Steve Dunham said.

When officers went to the area, Dunham spotted the boy in front of a shop and got out of his car to speak with him.“The boy was really nervous at first，” Dunham said. “He told me he was hungry and needed food.”

Chief Russ Whitman added the boy said he had not eaten for several days.While other officers went to the child's home, Dunham took the boy to a fast food restaurant and the two had dinner together.

The officers who went to investigate the boy's home reported that it was in terrible condition and there were other children there, adding that they found garbage and liquor bottles everywhere.Four other children—11,12,15 and 17—also lived in the house.The parents, who were home at the time, were each charged with child neglect.

Child Protective Services contacted other family members to pick up the children.The 7­year­old watched cartoons at the police station with a policeman for a few hours until a family member picked him up. The boy's parents were not jailed, but the children remained in the care of relatives, according to Franklin Police. St.Vincent De Paul at St. Mary's Church in Franklin is organizing a donation drive to raise money for the family, according to Whitman.

“I'm very proud of my officers for what they did, but officers across the nation go above and beyond every single day，” Whitman said.“You can find stories like this everywhere with police officers every day. That's why we get into the business — to help people.”

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了富兰克林的警察帮助一位七岁男孩的经历以及这次经历带给警察 Whitman 的感悟。

4．Why did the 7­year­old boy try to sell his toy dog?

A．Because he wanted to get money for food.

B．Because he was concerned with the police.

C．Because he needed to own a stuffed animal.

D．Because he had no time to do some cooking.

答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He told me he was hungry and needed food.”可知，这个七岁的男孩努力卖他的玩具狗是因为他想得到钱买食物。

5．What did Dunham do when other officers went to the boy's home?

A．He bought the toy from the boy.

B．He took the boy to his own home.

C．He took the boy to the police station.

D．He bought the boy some food.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While other officers went to the child's home, Dunham took the boy to a fast food restaurant and the two had dinner together.”可知，当其他的警察去那个男孩的家的时候， Dunham 带这个男孩去了快餐店，两人一起吃了饭。故选D。

6．How many children are there in the boy's home?

A．4.   B．5.

C．6.   D．7.

答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Four other

children—11,12,15 and 17—also lived in the house.”可知，男孩家中另外还有4个孩子，加上这个男孩一共有5个孩子。

7．What makes Whitman proud?

A．Helping people in need.

B．Going across the nation.

C．Beginning the business.

D．Finding the parents guilty.

答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“I'm very proud of my officers for what they...That's why we get into the business—to help people.”可知，使Whitman感到自豪的是帮助那些有需要的人。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Massimo Bottura is an Italian chef, with plans to open two new restaurants in Paris and Naples next year. But __1__ (wealth) diners will not be welcome.The food will be free, made from marketplace leftovers (剩余物) and offered only to __2__ poor.

Bottura's Refettorio Ambrosiano restaurant in Milan already feeds poor and homeless people. Chefs there cook free meals with leftovers from local shops.They use recipes __3__ (create) by Bottura and other famous __4__ (cook). Bottura said that he never thought leftover foods were a waste.“Some overripe tomatoes, brown bananas...they are just opportunities for us to show __5__ we can do with our creativity.”

Bottura __6__ (start) the project to reuse leftovers from the restaurants of Milan's international Expo in 2015. __7__ (like) traditional soup kitchens (施食处), the guests do not have to wait in a line to receive food.Instead, everyone gets served at tables.Thus the number of daily guests __8__ (limit) to 96.Bottura says the experience can __9__ (actual) help his guests regain confidence and take back control of their lives.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations says about one __10__ (three) of the food produced worldwide each year is wasted or lost.Many people think what Bottura is doing does make sense.

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了意大利著名厨师Massimo Bottura开饭店为穷人免费提供食物。

1．wealthy

解析：考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰diners。wealthy“富有的”。

2．the

解析：考查冠词。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，此处指“穷人”，故填the。

3．created

解析：考查非谓语动词。动词create和recipes之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。

4．cooks

解析：考查名词复数。根据other和cook表示“厨师”时是可数名词可知，此处应用名词复数形式。

5．what

解析：考查名词性从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中动词do后面缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，故填what。

6．started

解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 2015可知此处用一般过去时。

7．Unlike

解析：考查介词。根据语境判断，Bottura开的饭店与传统的施食处不一样，在Bottura的饭店，吃饭的人不必排队等候，而是坐在饭桌边吃。Unlike“和……不一样”。

8．is_limited

解析：考查主谓一致及动词的时态和语态。the number

of...“……的数量”作主语时，谓语用单数形式；且此处表示一般的情况，number和limit之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。

9．actually

解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词，故填actually“事实上”。

10．third

解析：考查序数词。根据语境可知，此处指三分之一，故填序数词third。