初中英语仁爱科普版（2024）九年级上册（2024）Unit 1 A Changing WorldPreparing for the TopicFunction导学案

这是一份初中英语仁爱科普版（2024）九年级上册（2024）Unit 1 A Changing WorldPreparing for the TopicFunction导学案，共12页。学案主要包含了核心词汇表，核心短语，语法精讲，核心句型与翻译，易错点，写作素材等内容，欢迎下载使用。

unit1 单元知识点梳理
仁爱科普版初中英语九年级上册 Unit 1 The past vs the present (pp.9-25)
一、核心词汇表
（一）变化与发展
（二）居住与生活
（三）交通与通讯
（四）休闲与娱乐
（五）情感与回忆
二、核心短语
三、语法精讲
语法一：名词后缀 -ment
【规则】动词 + -ment 构成名词，表示"行为、过程、结果或状态"。
【注意】argue → argument（去掉词尾 e 再加 -ment）；多数动词直接加 -ment。
【练习】
1. The tw sides finally reached an ________ (agree) after a lng talk.
2. The ________ (develp) f high-speed railways has changed peple's lives.
3. The children shuted with ________ when they saw the amusement park. A. excite B. exciting C. excitement D. excited
4. With the internet, peple can make ________ (pay) faster and easier.
【答案】1. agreement（an 后接名词） 2. develpment（the 后接名词作主语） 3. C（with 后接名词，excitement 兴奋） 4. payments（make payments 付款，常用复数）
语法二：现在完成时（I）
【构成】have/has + 动词过去分词（p.p.）。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去持续到现在的状态。
【标志词】already（已经，肯定句句中）、just（刚刚，句中）、yet（还，否定句/疑问句句末）、recently（最近）、since + 时间点、fr + 时间段、in recent years。
【辨析】have been t + 地点：去过某地（人已回来）；have gne t + 地点：去了某地（人还未回来）。
【练习】
1. —Where is Miss Li? —She ________ t Guangzhu. She'll be back next week. A. has been B. has gne C. went D. ges
2. They ________ (nt finish) building the rad in the park yet.
3. Our schl ________ just ________ (build) a new gym.
4. Great changes ________ (take place) in my hmetwn in recent years.
5. I have lived here ________ 2018. A. fr B. since C. in D. at
【答案】1. B（人未回来，用 has gne t） 2. haven't finished（yet 提示否定式现在完成时） 3. has; built（just 提示现在完成时，主语单数） 4. have taken place（in recent years 提示现在完成时） 5. B（since + 时间点）
四、核心句型与翻译
【翻译练习】
1. 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
2. 我们学校刚刚建了一座新体育馆。
3. 他们还没有修完公园里的路。
4. 过去，很少有孩子有机会接受教育。
5. 现在，人们有更多休闲活动的选择。
【答案】1. Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn.
2. Our schl has just built a new gym.
3. They haven't finished building the rad in the park yet.
4. In the past, few children had chances t have educatin.
5. Nw, peple have mre chices fr leisure activities.
五、易错点
易错点一：have been t 与 have gne t
have been t 表示"去过某地（人已回来）"；have gne t 表示"去了某地（人还未回来）"。
【练习】
1. —Where's yur father? —He ________ Shanghai n business. A. has been t B. has gne t C. went t D. ges t
2. I ________ Beijing twice. A. have been t B. have gne t C. went D. g
【答案】1. B（人还未回来） 2. A（去过两次，人已回来）
易错点二：take place 不用于被动语态
take place（发生）为不及物动词短语，没有被动形式。
【练习】
3. Great changes have ________ in China since the 1980s. A. been taken place B. taken place C. taken the place D. been happened
【答案】3. B（take place 无被动；happen 也无被动）
易错点三：already 与 yet 的位置
already 用于肯定句，常位于 have/has 之后；yet 用于否定句和疑问句，常位于句末。
【练习】
4. He has ________ finished his hmewrk. He can watch TV nw. A. yet B. already C. ever D. never
5. —Have yu finished yur pster ________? —Nt ________. A. already; yet B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already; already
【答案】4. B（肯定句用 already） 5. B（疑问句和否定回答都用 yet）
易错点四：used t d 与 be/get used t (ding)
used t d sth. 表示"过去常常做某事（现在不做了）"；be/get used t (ding) sth. 表示"习惯于（做）某事"。
【练习】
6. My grandfather ________ live in the cuntryside, but nw he ________ the city life. A. used t; is used t B. was used t; used t C. used t; used t D. is used t; used t
【答案】6. A（前空"过去常常"，后空"习惯于"）
易错点五：infrmatin 为不可数名词
infrmatin 没有复数形式，前面不能用 an，可用 much / a piece f 修饰。
【练习】
7. We can get much ________ frm the internet. A. infrmatins B. infrmatin C. an infrmatin D. the infrmatins
【答案】7. B（infrmatin 不可数）
六、写作素材
（一）好词好句
【开头句】
• As sciety develps, peple's leisure activities have changed greatly.
• Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn in recent years.
【对比句】
• In the past, watching mvies utdrs was a ppular leisure activity.
• Nw, peple have mre chices fr leisure activities.
• In the past, few peple culd affrd a car. Nw many families g n rad trips in their wn cars.
【结尾句】
• The changes have made my life much mre clrful.
• I feel prud f the great changes arund me. I hpe ur life will be better and better.
（二）参考范文
Changes in My Hmetwn
Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn in recent years. In the past, the streets were narrw and dirty, and big families were crwded int small huses. Peple had few chances t relax after wrk. Nw, the streets are wide and clean, and peple live in big and cmfrtable apartments. There are new amusement parks and sprts centers near the cmmunity. Peple can hang ut, have picnics r g n rad trips at weekends. Medical care has greatly imprved, and all children can g t schl fr free. I feel prud f the changes in my hmetwn. I hpe it will becme mre and mre beautiful.
（三）写作练习
以 "Changes Arund Me" 为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文，描述你身边的变化（可以从居住环境、交通、休闲活动等方面写）。
【写作思路】开头点题（Great changes have taken place...）→ 中间对比（In the past... Nw...）→ 结尾抒情（I feel prud f... / I hpe...）。注意过去用一般过去时，现在的结果用现在完成时或一般现在时。单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
change
/tʃeɪndʒ/
n.&v.
变化；改变
What changes have taken place in yur hmetwn in recent years?
take place
/teɪk pleɪs/
短语
发生
Great changes have taken place in China since the 1980s.
develp
/dɪˈveləp/
v.
发展
China has develped a lt since its pening-up.
develpment
/dɪˈveləpmənt/
n.
发展
There have been great develpments in my hmetwn.
imprve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
v.
改善；提高
The streets in my hmetwn have imprved a lt.
imprvement
/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/
n.
改善；进步
Imprvements in technlgy have made smart phnes very ppular.
achievement
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
n.
成就
China has made great achievements since its pening-up.
pening-up
/ˈəʊpənɪŋ ʌp/
n.
开放
China has made great achievements since its pening-up.
internatinal
/ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/
adj.
国际的
The changes have made Beijing a mdern internatinal city.
play a rle in
/pleɪ ə rəʊl ɪn/
短语
在……中发挥作用
China is playing a mre and mre imprtant rle in internatinal events.
单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
living cnditins
/ˈlɪvɪŋ kənˈdɪʃnz/
短语
生活条件
Living cnditins have imprved a lt.
crwd
/kraʊd/
v.&n.
挤满；人群
In the past, big families were crwded int small huses.
crwded
/ˈkraʊdɪd/
adj.
拥挤的
Big families were crwded int small huses in the past.
apartment
/əˈpɑːtmənt/
n.
公寓
Nw peple live in mdern apartments.
blck
/blɒk/
n.
街区；大楼
There are large blcks f mdern apartments.
cmmunity
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
n.
社区
The cmmunity reached an agreement.
medical care
/ˈmedɪkl keə(r)/
短语
医疗；医疗保健
Medical care has greatly imprved in recent years.
educatin
/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/
n.
教育
Nw all children can g t schl fr free and have a gd educatin.
chance
/tʃɑːns/
n.
机会
In the past, few children had chances t have educatin.
cuntryside
/ˈkʌntrisaɪd/
n.
乡村；农村
D yu like living in the cuntryside r in the city?
单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
public transprt
/ˈpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔːt/
短语
公共交通
Mre peple take public transprt t wrk nw.
undergrund
/ˈʌndəɡraʊnd/
n.&adj.
地铁；地下的
There are many undergrund lines and lts f cars.
high-speed railway
/haɪ spiːd ˈreɪlweɪ/
短语
高速铁路
The Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway has been in use since 2008.
designed speed
/dɪˈzaɪnd spiːd/
短语
设计时速
Its designed speed is 350 km/h.
in use
/ɪn juːs/
短语
在使用中
It has been in use since August 1st, 2008.
cnnect
/kəˈnekt/
v.
连接
It cnnects Lhasa and Nyingchi.
cmmunicate
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
v.
交流；沟通
We can cmmunicate with each ther in many ways.
cmmunicatin
/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/
n.
通讯；交流
Mdern cmmunicatin makes it easy t get in tuch with friends.
get in tuch
/ɡet ɪn tʌtʃ/
短语
取得联系
We can get in tuch s easily with mdern technlgy.
smart phne
/smɑːt fəʊn/
短语
智能手机
Peple can chat with each ther n smart phnes.
surf the internet
/sɜːf ði ˈɪntənet/
短语
上网
On weekends, I surf the internet r g t the cinema.
infrmatin era
/ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn ˈɪərə/
短语
信息时代
Hw d peple cmmunicate in the infrmatin era?
payment
/ˈpeɪmənt/
n.
支付；付款
With the internet, peple can make payments faster and easier.
单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
leisure
/ˈleʒə(r)/
n.&adj.
闲暇；休闲（的）
My leisure activities are nthing like yurs.
chice
/tʃɔɪs/
n.
选择
Nw, peple have mre chices fr leisure activities.
utdr
/ˈaʊtdɔː(r)/
adj.
户外的
Watching mvies utdrs was a ppular leisure activity.
pen-air
/ˈəʊpən eə(r)/
adj.
露天的
I als watched pen-air mvies.
unfrgettable
/ˌʌnfəˈɡetəbl/
adj.
难忘的
Mst peple cnsidered such experiences unfrgettable.
affrd
/əˈfɔːd/
v.
买得起；承担得起
Many peple can affrd t travel t many different places.
hang ut
/hæŋ aʊt/
短语
闲逛
They usually hung ut near their hmes.
have a picnic
/hæv ə ˈpɪknɪk/
短语
野餐
They culd have picnics r rw bats there.
rw bats
/rəʊ bəʊts/
短语
划船
They culd have picnics r rw bats in the parks.
rad trip
/rəʊd trɪp/
短语
自驾游
Families can g n rad trips in their wn cars.
relax
/rɪˈlæks/
v.
放松
Peple had few activities t relax after wrk.
单词
读音
词性
释义
例句
memry
/ˈmeməri/
n.
记忆；回忆
Memries f my childhd flded back.
childhd
/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/
n.
童年
What did yu usually d in yur childhd?
fld back
/flʌd bæk/
短语
（回忆）涌上心头
Memries f my childhd flded back.
cmfrt
/ˈkʌmfət/
n.&v.
安慰；舒适
The memries remain a cmfrt t me.
excitement
/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/
n.
兴奋；激动
The laughter and the excitement f thse days filled my mind.
enjyment
/ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/
n.
愉快；乐趣
The enjyment f thse days filled my mind.
encuragement
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/
n.
鼓励
The memries remain a cmfrt and an encuragement t me.
grw up
/ɡrəʊ ʌp/
短语
长大；成长
I grew up in a small twn.
hide and seek
/haɪd ənd siːk/
短语
捉迷藏
I ften played hide and seek with my friends.
短语
释义
例句
take place
发生
Great changes have taken place in my hmetwn.
get used t
习惯于；适应
Li Huan has gt used t her new life.
used t
过去常常；曾经是
The village used t be very quiet.
with the help f
在……的帮助下
She gt used t the new life with the help f her friends.
by neself
独自；单独
Nw, I live by myself.
get in tuch (with)
（与……）取得联系
We can get in tuch s easily with mdern technlgy.
keep up with
跟上；赶上
We shuld keep up with the changing wrld.
in any case
无论如何
In any case, we shuld keep up with the changing wrld.
shut dwn
关闭
The gvernment shut dwn plluting factries.
t and frm wrk
上下班
They rde bicycles r tk buses t and frm wrk.
make payments
付款；支付
Peple can make payments faster and easier.
reach an agreement
达成一致
The cmmunity reached an agreement t make the place a cmfrtable hme.
play a rle in
在……中发挥作用
China is playing a mre and mre imprtant rle in internatinal events.
fld back
（回忆）涌上心头
Memries f my childhd flded back.
动词
名词（-ment）
释义
教材例句
amuse（使娱乐）
amusement
娱乐；消遣
Nw peple can spend their free time in the new amusement park near their cmmunity.
argue（争论）
argument
争论；争吵
There is n argument abut building a sprts center in the small twn.
agree（同意）
agreement
同意；协议
The cmmunity reached an agreement t make the place a cmfrtable hme.
pay（支付）
payment
支付；付款
With the internet, peple can make payments faster and easier.
mve（移动；搬迁）
mvement
运动；活动
After the mvement f shutting dwn plluting factries, my hmetwn has changed t a very different place.
excite（使兴奋）
excitement
兴奋；激动
The laughter and the excitement f thse days filled my mind.
enjy（享受）
enjyment
愉快；乐趣
The enjyment f thse days filled my mind.
develp（发展）
develpment
发展
There have been great develpments in my hmetwn.
encurage（鼓励）
encuragement
鼓励
The memries remain a cmfrt and an encuragement t me.
imprve（改善）
imprvement
改善；进步
Imprvements in technlgy have made smart phnes very ppular.
副词
教材例句
already
Many peple have already mved int their new huses.
just
Our schl has just built a new gym.
yet
They haven't finished building the rad in the park yet.
recently
Has Bill been t his hmetwn recently? —N, he hasn't. He has gne t Lndn fr his summer vacatin.
since
It has been in use since August 1st, 2008.
中文
英文
近年来你的家乡发生了什么变化？
What changes have taken place in yur hmetwn in recent years?
改革开放以来，中国取得了巨大成就。
China has made great achievements since its pening-up.
过去，大家庭挤在小房子里。
In the past, big families were crwded int small huses.
她已经适应了城市里的新生活。
She has gt used t the new life in the city.
随着互联网的发展，人们付款更快更容易。
With the internet, peple can make payments faster and easier.
大多数人认为这样的经历令人难忘。
Mst peple cnsidered such experiences unfrgettable.
许多人现在负担得起到许多不同地方旅行。
Many peple can affrd t travel t many different places nw.
它自2008年8月1日起投入使用。
It has been in use since August 1st, 2008.
童年的回忆涌上心头。
Memries f my childhd flded back.
这些变化让北京成为一座现代化的国际都市。
The changes have made Beijing a mdern internatinal city.
常见错误
正确形式
—Where is Bill? —He has been t Lndn. (×)
—Where is Bill? —He has gne t Lndn. (√)
I have gne t Beijing twice. (×)
I have been t Beijing twice. (√)
常见错误
正确形式
Great changes have been taken place in China. (×)
Great changes have taken place in China. (√)
常见错误
正确形式
Has he finished his hmewrk already? (×，疑问句应用 yet)
Has he finished his hmewrk yet? (√)
He has yet finished his hmewrk. (×，肯定句应用 already)
He has already finished his hmewrk. (√)
常见错误
正确形式
The village is used t be very quiet. (×)
The village used t be very quiet. (√)
She has used t the new life. (×)
She has gt used t the new life. (√)