人教版新版九年级上册英语 Unit 4 Our Memory 知识清单背诵版+默写版

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人教版新版九年级上册英语 Unit 4 Our Memory 知识清单（默写版）目录TOC \o "1-2" \h \u  HYPERLINK \l _Toc28869 一、核心词汇 PAGEREF _Toc28869 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc9430 二、核心词组 PAGEREF _Toc9430 \h 10 HYPERLINK \l _Toc26725 三、核心语法 PAGEREF _Toc26725 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l _Toc16213 1. 什么是宾语从句？ PAGEREF _Toc16213 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l _Toc1820 2. wh-引导词完整列表 PAGEREF _Toc1820 \h 12 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30129 3. 核心考点：陈述语序（必考！） PAGEREF _Toc30129 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l _Toc5410 4. 时态呼应（主句过去时） PAGEREF _Toc5410 \h 13 HYPERLINK \l _Toc32365 5. 易错点总结（必记） PAGEREF _Toc32365 \h 14 HYPERLINK \l _Toc4130 6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀 PAGEREF _Toc4130 \h 15 HYPERLINK \l _Toc17652 7. 语法练习题 PAGEREF _Toc17652 \h 16 HYPERLINK \l _Toc12442 四、书面表达 PAGEREF _Toc12442 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14213 （一）写作框架梳理（4段式） PAGEREF _Toc14213 \h 17 HYPERLINK \l _Toc19617 （二）高分替换词表 PAGEREF _Toc19617 \h 18 HYPERLINK \l _Toc14690 （三）高分词组 PAGEREF _Toc14690 \h 19 HYPERLINK \l _Toc12755 （四）参考范文 PAGEREF _Toc12755 \h 19 HYPERLINK \l _Toc917 （五）写作模板（万能模板） PAGEREF _Toc917 \h 19一、核心词汇1. memory n.记忆词形变换：动词形式 _______________（记忆；熟记）；形容词形式 _______________（值得纪念的；难忘的）搭配：short-term _______________ 短期记忆；long-term _______________ 长期记忆；have a good/bad _______________ 记忆力好/差例句：Professor Green says that our _______________ works like a chain.（格林教授说我们的记忆像链条一样运作。）2. appearance n.外貌；出现词形变换：动词形式 _______________（出现；似乎）搭配：judge by _______________ 以貌取人；the _______________ of ……的出现/外貌例句：Don't judge a person by their _______________.（不要以貌取人。）3. position n.位置；职位搭配：in a good _______________ 处于有利位置；hold the _______________ of 担任……职位例句：She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket — she forgot its _______________.（她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了——她忘了它的位置。）4. lecture n.讲座词形变换：名词（人） _______________（演讲者；讲师）搭配：give a _______________ 做讲座；attend a _______________ 参加讲座例句：We attended a _______________ on how to improve our memory.（我们参加了一场关于如何提升记忆力的讲座。）5. chain n.链条；连锁反应搭配：a _______________ of 一连串的；memory _______________ 记忆链条例句：Our memory works like a _______________ — one thing links to another.（我们的记忆像链条一样运作——一环扣一环。）6. detail n.细节词形变换：形容词形式 _______________（详细的）搭配：in _______________ 详细地；pay attention to _______________ 注意细节例句：When you memorize something, you should pay attention to the _______________.（记忆时，你应该注意细节。）7. sign n./v. 迹象；标志；签名词形变换：名词形式 _______________（信号）搭配：________ language 手语；a __________ of ……的迹象；__________ up 报名；登记例句：Forgetting things easily can be a _______________ of being forgetful.（容易忘事可能是健忘的迹象。）8. care n./v. 照料；关心词形变换：形容词形式 ____________（仔细的；小心的）；形容词形式 ______________（粗心的）；副词形式 ____________（仔细地）；形容词形式 ____________（关心他人的）搭配：take __________ of 照顾；__________ about 关心；___________ for 照料；喜欢例句：Rick _______________ about the old people and what they remember.（里克关心老人以及他们记得的事情。）9. summary n.摘要；总结词形变换：动词形式 _______________（总结；概括）搭配：write a ___________ 写摘要；in ___________ 总之；a ______________ of ……的总结例句：It is easier to remember a _______________ than every word.（记住摘要比记住每一个词更容易。）10. reaction n.反应词形变换：动词形式 _______________（反应）；形容词形式 _______________（反应性的）搭配：have a _______________ to 对……有反应；a quick _______________ 快速反应例句：What was her _______________ when she heard the news?（她听到这个消息时反应如何？）11. confidence n.信心词形变换：形容词形式 _______________（自信的）；副词形式 _______________（自信地）搭配：have _______________ in 对……有信心；build _______________ 建立信心；lose _______________ 失去信心例句：A friend told me to have _______________ in myself.（一个朋友告诉我要对自己有信心。）12. panic n./v. 恐慌词形变换：过去式/分词 panicked（惊慌的）；现在分词 _______________（恐慌中）搭配：in _______________ 惊慌地；_______________ over 对……感到恐慌；don't _______________ 不要恐慌例句：She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't _______________.（她说如果我忘记了一个单词，我不应该恐慌。）13. technique n.技巧；技术词形变换：形容词形式 _______________（技术的；专业的）；副词形式 _______________（技术上地）搭配：memory _______________s 记忆技巧；clever _______________s 巧妙的技术例句：You can improve your memory by using clever _______________.（你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。）14. result n./v. 结果；导致词形变换：形容词形式 _______________（由此产生的）搭配：as a ____________ 结果；____________ in 导致；____________ from 由……引起例句：I followed these methods and the _______________ was a great success!（我按照这些方法去做，结果非常成功！）15. outline n.大纲；轮廓搭配：make an _______________ 列提纲；an _______________ of ……的大纲例句：Making an _______________ helps you organize information.（列提纲有助于你整理信息。）16. section n.部分；章节搭配：divide into _______________ 分成几个部分；study in short _______________ 分段学习例句：I studied in short _______________ and took breaks every 40 minutes.（我分段学习，每40分钟休息一次。）17. method n.方法词形变换：形容词形式 _____________（有条理的）；名词形式 _____________（方法论）搭配：an effective _______________ 一个有效的方法；teaching _______________教学方法；one-size-fits-all _______________ 一刀切的方法例句：There is no one-size-fits-all _______________ for improving memory.（提升记忆力没有一刀切的方法。）18. debate n./v. 辩论词形变换：名词（人） _______________（辩手）搭配：have a _______________ 进行辩论；_______________ about 辩论关于……例句：We had a _______________ about which memory method is the best.（我们就哪种记忆方法最好进行了辩论。）19. remind v.提醒词形变换：名词形式 _______________（提醒物；提示）搭配：___________ sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事；_____________ sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事例句：Mum _______________ Peter ___________ milk.（妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。）20. link v./n. 联系；链接搭配：_______________ A to B 把A和B联系起来；be _______________ed to 与……有联系例句：Our memory _______________ one thing to another like a chain.（我们的记忆像链条一样把一件事和另一件事联系起来。）21. differ v.不同词形变换：形容词形式 _______________（不同的）；名词形式 _______________（不同；差异）；副词形式 _______________（不同地）搭配：____________ from 与……不同；study how they ____________ 研究它们有何不同例句：Study how they are different from each other.（研究它们彼此之间有何不同。）22. recall v.回忆搭配：_______________ doing sth. 回忆起做过某事；_______________ what... 回忆……例句：She _______________ what she was doing at that time.（她回忆起当时在做什么。）23. recognize v.认出词形变换：名词形式 ____________（认出；认可）；形容词形式 ___________（可认出的）搭配：_______________ sb.'s voice 认出某人的声音；be _______________ as 被公认为例句：Dolphins can _______________ the voices of companions they haven't seen for a long time.（海豚能认出很久没见的同伴的声音。）24. memorize v.记忆；熟记词形变换：名词形式 _______________（记忆）；形容词形式 _______________（难忘的）搭配：_______________ words 记单词；_______________ by heart 熟记于心例句：Instead of _______________ random words, I organized them into categories.（我没有死记硬背零散的单词，而是把它们分类整理。）25. acquire v.获得词形变换：名词形式 _______________（获得；习得）搭配：_______________ knowledge 获得知识；_______________ skills 习得技能例句：You can _______________ new vocabulary by reading more.（你可以通过多阅读来获得新词汇。）26. boost v.提升；促进搭配：_______________ memory 提升记忆力；_______________ confidence 增强信心例句：These methods can help _____________ your memory.（这些方法可以帮助提升你的记忆力。）27. organize v.整理；组织词形变换：名词形式 ____________（组织；机构）；形容词形式 ___________（有条理的）搭配：_______________ information 整理信息；_______________ into categories 分类整理例句：I _______________ the words into categories like 'food' and 'travel'.（我把单词分类整理为'食物'和'旅行'等类别。）28. divide v.划分词形变换：名词 ___________（划分；除法）；形容词 __________（划分的；有分歧的）搭配：_______________... into... 把……分成……；_______________ and conquer 分而治之例句：I _______________ the material into short sections for review.（我把材料分成短小的部分来复习。）29. impress v.使印象深刻词形变换：形容词 ___________（令人印象深刻的）；名词形式 _______________（印象）搭配：be ___________ by 对……印象深刻；___________ sb. with 用……给某人留下深刻印象例句：The professor _______________ us with his memory techniques.（教授的记忆技巧给我们留下了深刻印象。）30. forgetful adj.健忘的词形变换：动词形式 _______________（忘记）；形容词形式 _______________（难忘的）搭配：become _______________ 变得健忘；be _______________ of 容易忘记……例句：Old people may become _______________, but they still remember important things.（老人可能会变得健忘，但他们仍然记得重要的事情。）31. stable adj.稳定的词形变换：名词形式 _______________（稳定性）搭配：_______________ memory 稳定的记忆；remain _______________ 保持稳定例句：Long-term memory is more _______________ than short-term memory.（长期记忆比短期记忆更稳定。）32. creative adj.创造性的词形变换：动词形式 _______________（创造）；名词形式 _______________（创造；作品）搭配：a ____________ method 一个有创意的方法；be _____________ in 在……方面有创意例句：Using images to remember words is a _______________ technique.（用图像记单词是一种有创意的技巧。）33. effective adj.有效的词形变换：名词形式 ____________（效果；影响）；副词形式 ___________（有效地）搭配：an _______________ method 一个有效的方法；be _______________ in 在……方面有效例句：Making word cards is an _______________ way to memorize vocabulary.（制作单词卡是记忆词汇的有效方法。）34. likely adj.可能的词形变换：反义词 _______________（不太可能的）；名词形式 _______________（可能性）搭配：be _______________ to do 可能做某事；more _______________ 更有可能例句：The more you review, the more _______________ you will remember.（你复习得越多，记住的可能性就越大。）35. familiar adj.熟悉的词形变换：名词形式 _______________（熟悉；通晓）搭配：be _______________ with 熟悉……；be _______________ to 对……来说很熟悉例句：The topic is _______________ to all of us — we all use our memory every day.（这个话题对我们所有人来说都很熟悉——我们每天都在使用记忆。）36. clever adj.巧妙的；聪明的词形变换：副词形式 _______________（巧妙地）搭配：a _______________ technique 一个巧妙的技巧；be _______________ at 擅长于例句：You can improve your memory by using _______________ techniques.（你可以通过使用巧妙的技巧来提升记忆力。）二、核心词组1. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事例句：Mum _______ Peter ___________ milk.（妈妈提醒彼得买牛奶。）2. run out 用完；耗尽例句：It's _______ out.（快用完了。）3. keep in mind 牢记在心例句：Keep_______ mind what he remembers.（牢记他所记得的。）4. go through 经历例句：I don't understand what she's _______ _______.（我不理解她正在经历什么。）5. happen to 发生在例句：A similar situation _______ _______ dolphins.（类似的情况也发生在海豚身上。）6. pay attention to 注意例句：Pay _______ to the key points.（注意要点。）7. take notes 记笔记例句：She _______ _______ during the lecture.（她在讲座中记笔记。）8. use it or lose it 用进废退例句：Use it _______ _______ _______ — review regularly!（用进废退——定期复习！）9. make use of 利用例句：_____ ______ _______ your senses to remember better.（利用你的感官来更好地记忆。）10. last but not least 最后但同样重要的例句：____________ , stay healthy.（最后但同样重要的是，保持健康。）11. instead of 代替；而不是例句：_______ of _______, take action.（与其担心，不如采取行动。）12. one-size-fits-all 一刀切的例句：There is no ______________ method.（没有一刀切的方法。）13. put ... to good use 好好利用例句：Put what you learn _______ _______ _______.（好好利用你学到的知识。）14. wear out 使疲劳例句：Don't _______ _______ your brain.（不要让你的大脑过度疲劳。）15. step by step 逐步例句：Review step _______ step.（逐步复习。）16. write down 写下例句：Write _______ the key points.（写下要点。）三、核心语法宾语从句（wh-词引导）（单元重点，必考易错点）1. 什么是宾语从句？宾语从句，就是一个句子充当另一个句子的宾语。我们以前学的宾语通常是名词或代词，比如 I know the answer（the answer 是宾语）。但有时候，我们想说的不是一个简单的名词，而是一整句话——比如"她把票放在哪里""他为什么迟到"——这时就需要用一个完整的从句来充当宾语，这就是宾语从句。本单元我们继续学习宾语从句，重点是wh-疑问词（what/which/how/why/where/when/who）引导的宾语从句。2. wh-引导词完整列表不同的wh-词引导不同的含义——选对引导词是做对题的第一步。下面是本单元涉及的所有wh-引导词，以及它们各自的功能和课文原句：what（指事物/情况）例：I don't understand _______ she's going through.（我不理解她正在经历什么。）which（指特定选择）例：I can't remember _______ things you asked me to buy.（我记不得你让我买哪些东西了。）how（指方式/方法）例：Study _______ they are different from each other.（研究它们彼此之间有何不同。）why（指原因）例：Could you tell me _______ it is easy to forget a word?（你能告诉我为什么容易忘记一个单词吗？）where（指地点）例：She cannot remember _______ she put the opera ticket.（她不记得把歌剧票放在哪里了。）when（指时间）例：Can you tell me _______ the next test is?（你能告诉我下次考试是什么时候吗？）who（指人）例：He wondered _______ took his wallet.（他想知道谁拿了他的钱包。）3. 核心考点：陈述语序（必考！）★ wh-引导的宾语从句必须用陈述语序！这是宾语从句最重要的规则，也是考试最爱考的点。什么是陈述语序呢？就是"主语+谓语"的正常顺序，跟普通陈述句一样。疑问句的语序是"助动词/系动词+主语"，而宾语从句中必须还原成"主语+谓语"。很多同学做题时容易忘记这一点，把疑问语序直接搬进来，这是最常见的错误。变换规则：❌ Why is it easy to forget?✅ Could you tell me why _______ easy to forget?❌ Where did she put the ticket?✅ She cannot remember where _______ the ticket.❌ When will the test be?✅ Can you tell me when _____________________?❌ What happened to her?✅ I don't understand ______________ to her.❌ Which book did he borrow?✅ I can't remember which book ______________.4. 时态呼应（主句过去时）★ 当主句是过去时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态！时态呼应是宾语从句的第二个核心考点。规则很简单：主句是现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态；但主句是过去时，从句就要"退一步"——一般现在时变一般过去时，一般过去时变过去完成时，现在进行时变过去进行时。为什么要这样呢？因为从句的动作是从"过去"的视角来看的，自然要用过去的时态。时态对应关系：主句一般过去时 → 从句一般过去时/过去进行时/过去完成时例：He _______ what _______ to his mother.他想知道母亲遭遇了什么。主句一般过去时 → 从句过去进行时例：She _______ what she ______________ at that time.她回忆起自己当时正在做的事。主句一般过去时 → 从句过去完成时例：He _______ where the grapevine ______________ from.他弄清了小道消息的来源。⚠️ 例外：客观真理永远用现在时He _______ that the earth _______ around the sun.他说地球绕着太阳转。不管主句是什么时态，客观真理（如地球绕太阳转、水在0度结冰等）永远用一般现在时。这是唯一的例外，必须记住！5. 易错点总结（必记）易错点1：忘记改为陈述语序Could you tell me why is it easy to forget a word? ❌Could you tell me why _______ easy to forget a word? ✅宾语从句必须用陈述语序！why后面应该是主语+谓语（it is），而不是疑问语序（is it）。做题时，把从句单独拿出来看——如果它不像一个普通陈述句，那语序就错了。易错点2：主句过去时，从句忘了退时态He wondered what happened to his mother.（发生在wondered之前） ❌He wondered what ______________ to his mother. ✅主句wondered是过去时，而发生是在wondered之前，所以从句要用过去完成时had happened，不能用一般过去时。记住：过去的过去 -> 过去完成时。易错点3：客观真理误改时态The teacher told us that the earth went around the sun. ❌The teacher told us that the earth _______ around the sun. ✅地球绕太阳转是客观真理，不管主句是什么时态，从句永远用现在时goes。这类『客观真理』题是考试常设陷阱。易错点4：选错引导词I can't remember what things you asked me to buy. ❌I can't remember _______ things you asked me to buy. ✅what指『什么』（不确定的事物），which指『哪一个』（在已知范围内选择）。这里说话人知道是『那些东西』中的一部分，是在特定范围内选择，应该用which。易错点5：who引导时语序混淆He wondered who did take his wallet. ❌He wondered ______________ his wallet. ✅who在从句中作主语时，语序本身就是陈述语序，不需要加助动词did。who took his wallet = 谁拿了他的钱包，took是谓语动词，直接跟主语who即可。6. 宾语从句引导词速记口诀_______ 陈述可省略，_______ 是否不可省。_____事物 _______ 选，_______ 方式 _______ 原因。_______ 地点 _______ 时间，_______ 指人记心间。从句语序是陈述，主过从过莫忘记。7. 语法练习题A. 单项选择(1) Could you tell me ______ it is easy to forget a word?A. why B. what C. that D. which(2) She cannot remember ______ she put the opera ticket.A. where B. what C. which D. who(3) I don't understand ______ she's going through.A. what B. that C. which D. who(4) He wondered ______ took his wallet.A. what B. who C. which D. where(5) Can you tell me ______ the next test is?A. what B. where C. when D. which(6) Could you tell me ______?A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where he does live D. where did he liveB. 用所给单词的适当形式填空(1) He wondered what ______ (happen) to his mother.(2) She recalled what she ______ (do) at that time.(3) He realized where the grapevine ______ (come) from.(4) This was why she ______ (drop) the grapes.(5) I can't remember which book he ______ (borrow) yesterday.(6) The teacher told us that the earth ______ (go) around the sun.C. 句型转换(1) Why is it easy to forget a word? Could you tell me?（合并为含宾语从句的复合句）_____________________________________________________________________________(2) Where did she put the opera ticket? She cannot remember.（合并为含宾语从句的复合句）_____________________________________________________________________________(3) When will the test be? Can you tell me?（合并为含宾语从句的复合句）_____________________________________________________________________________(4) He said, 'The earth goes around the sun.'（改为含宾语从句的复合句）_____________________________________________________________________________四、书面表达话题：How I Overcame My Memory Challenge（一）写作框架梳理（4段式，日记体）第一段（开头，1-2句）：点出挑战+目标描述你过去在记忆方面遇到的困难，以及你决定改变的目标。核心句式：• In the past, I always struggled with...过去，我一直深受……的困扰• I used to have difficulty in...我过去常常在……方面感到吃力• Last week, I decided to find a better way to...上周，我决定寻找一种更好的方法来……第二段（主体，4-5句）：尝试的方法（2-3个）具体写出你尝试了哪些记忆方法，每个方法怎么操作、效果如何。用instead of、by doing等结构串联。核心句式：• First, I tried doing... Instead of..., I...首先，我尝试过……我没有选择……，而是……• Second, I formed images in my mind for each word.其次，我会在脑海中为每个单词构建画面。• Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes.第三，我分段短时学习，每四十分钟就休息一次。第三段（转折/鼓励，2-3句）：他人的帮助与鼓励写朋友或老师给了你什么建议和鼓励，用宾语从句表达。核心句式：• A friend told me (that) I should have confidence in myself.一位朋友告诉我，我应当对自己抱有信心。• She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.她说如果我忘了单词，不必慌张。第四段（结尾，2句）：成果+感悟写出方法的效果和你的感悟，引用金句升华主题。核心句式：• I followed these methods and my test was a great success!我采用了这些方法，测试取得了圆满成功！• I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method.我意识到不存在一种适用于所有情况的通用方法。• The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.关键在于找到最适合自己的方式并坚持下去。（二）高分替换词表（三）高分词组① pay attention to 注意；关注② use it or lose it 用进废退③ make use of 利用④ keep in mind 牢记在心⑤ instead of 代替；而不是⑥ one-size-fits-all 一刀切的⑦ put ... to good use 好好利用⑧ step by step 逐步⑨ last but not least 最后但同样重要的⑩ have confidence in 对……有信心（四）参考范文How I Overcame My Memory ChallengeIn the past, I always struggled with remembering English words. I would memorize them one night and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.First, I tried making word cards and grouping information by topic. Instead of memorizing random words, I organized them into categories like 'food', 'travel' and 'emotions'. Second, I formed images in my mind for each word. For example, when I learned 'freezing', I pictured myself standing in snow. Third, I studied in short sections and took breaks every 40 minutes. A friend told me to have confidence in myself. She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic. I should just review it again.I followed these methods and my test today was a great success! I remembered 95% of the words. I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.（五）写作模板（万能模板）How I Overcame My Memory ChallengeIn the past, I always struggled with ________（你记忆方面的困难）. I would ________（描述具体问题）and forget them the next morning. Last week, I decided to find a better way to improve my memory.First, I tried ________（方法1：如making word cards）. Instead of ________（原来的做法）, I ________（改进后的做法）. Second, I ________（方法2：如formed images in my mind）. For example, when I learned '________', I pictured ________（具体联想画面）. Third, I ________（方法3：如studied in short sections）. A friend told me (that) I should ________（朋友的建议）. She said that if I forgot a word, I shouldn't panic.I followed these methods and my test was a great success! I have realized that there is no one-size-fits-all method. The key is to find what works best for you and keep going.基础词高分替换词含义例句remembermemorize / recall记忆；回忆I memorized the words by making cards.harddemanding / difficult要求高的；困难的The task was demanding but rewarding.goodeffective / impressive有效的；令人印象深刻的The method proved highly effective.helpboost / support提升；支持These techniques can boost your memory.usemake use of / put to good use好好利用Put what you learn to good use.importantsignificant / essential重要的；必要的Regular review is essential for memory.forgetbe forgetful / fail to recall健忘；未能回忆Don't be forgetful — review daily!waymethod / technique方法；技巧She taught me a clever memorization technique.