2026学年八年级下册英语期末试卷02（外研版浙江省卷专用）

这是一份2026学年八年级下册英语期末试卷02（外研版浙江省卷专用）
（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Being tired f staying at hme? Interested in spending weekends with ther kids? We are starting a Kids Night Out–Fun Saturday Night camp t keep the kids in ur cmmunity tgether during schl breaks.
1．Hw many times will they hld the Kids Night Out camp?
A．Twice.B．Three times.C．Five times.D．Six times.
2．If Jenny wants t stay indrs , which activity can she take part in?
A．Wall climbing.B．A bard game.C．Playing basketball.D．Visiting the mvie theater.
3．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Everyne can call Tmmy at 6828-0970.
B．Kids shuld bring their wn fd fr dinner.
C．A kid shuld pay $20 per night if signing up after each camp.
D．The camp is t help the kids in the cmmunity knw each ther well.
B
Munt Qmlangma, the highest muntain in the wrld, lies n the brder between Nepal and China. Every year, thusands f peple climb Munt Qmlangma t challenge themselves, but nly the best climbers reach the tp. Climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.
Recently, the Nepali gvernment annunced an increase (提高) in the fee fr Munt Qmlangma climbing permits (许可证) n the suthern slpe in Nepal. An fficer nted the price had remained the same fr abut 10 years, s the gvernment decided it was time t make a change.
This change can bring mre mney t the gvernment. The cuntry relies n the fees heavily fr its develpment. Hwever, this decisin is nt driven nly by financial factrs (经济因素) . In recent years, the envirnmental prblems n Munt Qmlangma have becme increasingly serius. Mre rubbish is left n the muntain, but its cleanup can be really difficult. And Munt Qmlangma is nt gd at cleaning itself.
The gvernment hpes the extra revenue (额外收入) can be used t imprve the natural envirnment f Munt Qmlangma. At the same time, it can be used t ensure climbers’ safety. The climbers shuld respect nature, fllw the rules, and keep this great natural place beautiful. With these useful things dne, the great wnder f the wrld will certainly becme clean and safe.
4．Why is it difficult t climb Munt Qmlangma?
A．Because f the increasing climbing price.
B．Because f the terrible natural cnditins.
C．Because there are few guides t help climbers.
D．Because mst climbers are unable t use climbing tls well.
5．What d the underlined wrds “relies n” prbably mean?
A．Lks fr.B．Depends n.C．Gives up.D．Cuts dwn.
6．What is the main purpse f raising the climbing permit price?
A．T help reduce the number f climbers.
B．T ffer peple a better climbing experience.
C．T encurage climbers t change their climbing time.
D．T deal with financial and envirnmental prblems.
7．What des the writer feel abut the future f Munt Qmlangma?
A．Angry.B．Unsure.C．Hpeful.D．Wrried.
C
A new AI tl called OpenClaw is becming very ppular in China. At technlgy events, peple can see lbster (龙虾) decratins everywhere. These lbsters are a symbl f this new sftware, which helps users autmate (使自动化) tasks n their cmputers and phnes. Unlike simple chatbts, OpenClaw can cntrl apps and devices by itself after receiving an rder. Many Chinese peple, frm experts t beginners, are excited t try it.
This tl is creating a wave f change in wrkplaces. Peple use it t manage files, answer messages, and analyze data, which saves them a lt f time. A recent survey shwed that mst Chinese wrkers already use AI in their jbs. Cmpanies and even lcal gvernments are encuraging its use t imprve prductivity(生产力). Fr example, ne city is ffering a large amunt f mney fr prjects that use this AI agent t help lcal businesses grw and create new jbs.
Hwever, this fast use als brings challenges. Cybersecurity experts warn abut pssible risks like data leaks(泄露). Sme students and wrkers wrry that AI might replace certain jbs in the future. Despite these wrries, the hpe t imprve efficiency (效率) remains strng. Many users believe that learning t wrk with AI is necessary fr nt falling behind. This technlgy is nt just a trend; it is starting an imprtant change in hw peple deal with their daily wrk and plan their careers.
8．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T warn readers abut the dangers f using AI tls like OpenClaw.
B．T describe the meaning f lbsters at technlgy events.
C．T explain hw a new AI tl is influencing wrk and attitudes in China.
D．T cmpare OpenClaw with ther simple chatbts in the market.
9．What is a key feature f OpenClaw that makes it different frm basic chatbts?
A．It can decrate technlgy events with lbster symbls.
B．It is nly used by experts and nt suitable fr beginners.
C．It cntrls applicatins independently after getting an instructin.
D．It helps cmpanies t hire new wrkers efficiently.
10．What can be inferred abut the future f wrk frm the wrries mentined in the text?
A．All jbs will surely be replaced by AI within a few years.
B．Wrkers might need t imprve their skills t stay in the jb market.
C．Lcal gvernments will stp supprting AI prjects due t safety risks.
D．Mst peple are nt interested in using AI t imprve their prductivity.
11．What is the general attitude f many users twards using AI tls like OpenClaw?
A．They are cmpletely against it due t fears f jb replacement.
B．They see it as a necessary step t keep their cmpetitive strength.
C．They cnsider it a shrt-term fashin that will sn disappear.
D．They are nly interested because f the mney ffered.
D
Everyne can remember special mments. Think f yur childhd. Yu prbably remember ne r tw things that were very special. This is the way the brain wrks. We take ur minds ff the usual things that happened, and remember the mments that were different. After a vacatin, yu will prbably remember swimming at a beautiful beach. Yu will remember a terrible thing like lsing yur wallet, t. These things give yu ppsite feelings, but they are bth unusual. We call this the “pwer f a mment”.
We can use this infrmatin in different ways. One way is in business. Fr example, the Magic Blue Htel in Lndn makes special mments a part f yur stay. The htel ffers “ice-cream mments”. Yu pick up a pair f glasses left by a guest in the htel, and smene brings yu a free ice-cream. Other htels may have better fd, bigger swimming pls, r nicer rms, but special mments like this make the Magic Blue Htel mre welcme.
Anther area where special mments can be useful is in educatin. Teachers can ffer special mments in class. Many students frget parts f their nrmal (正常的) lessns. A special mment like having a class utside can make lessns easier t remember. Why nt create a special mment every mnth?
An especially gd place t make special mments is at hme with the family. Parents can plan a surprise, perhaps putting up a camp in the garden r leaving n a trip at night. Because children lve surprises, they will always remember thse mments.
We remember unusual things, s it’s a gd idea t lk fr new and exciting ways t d things. We can create ur wn special mments at wrk, at schl, and at hme!
12．What des “take ur minds ff” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Leave.B．Thrw.C．Frget.D．Keep.
13．Why is the Magic Blue Htel mre welcme?
A．It has larger swimming pls.B．It ffers business chances t guests.
C．It prvides bigger and cleaner rms.D．It creates ice-cream mments fr guests.
14．Accrding t Paragraph 3, which f the fllwing situatins can be called “special mments”?
① Having an art lessn in the field.
② Having an art class in the classrm.
③ Jining a science fair n the playgrund.
④ Having a science class in the classrm.
A．①③B．②③C．①④D．②④
15．What is the structure f the text?
A．B．
C．D．
二、任务型阅读（共5题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A--E五个选项中选出正确选项 (其中一项是多余选项) ，
将其序号填入第1-4小题，并回答第5小题。
In a hutng in Beijing, there is a special library. It cvers an area f nly 7 square meters, but it huses thusands f different kinds f bks. “This might be the smallest library in the wrld,” said Xu Dawei, its funder. “ Sme bks have even traveled t ther cuntries!”
Traditinal libraries ask fr sme mney r set time limits (时限) when yu brrw bks. It ffers bks cmpletely fr free withut expecting them t be returned. Readers can take ne bk every 15 days and pass it n t thers after they finish reading it.
Xu shared a stry abut a reader. He tk an English bk abut the histry f Chinese gardens frm this library. After he finished reading it, he passed it t his neighbr. “Just think abut it: that bk started frm a small hutng in Beijing and then traveled all the way t Eurpe. The jurney is s amazing!” Xu said.
The library pened in 2010. Since it is cmpletely nn-prfit (非营利的) , it is very difficult fr Xu t cver the csts f running the library.
Why des Xu try s hard t keep the library pen? That’s because he believes that bks have the pwer t change lives. “I grew up in a village. Thrugh reading, I went t cllege and started my wn cmpany,” Xu said. “Bks have really changed my life.”
A．Then his neighbr tk it t Germany.
B．Many peple cme t the library every day.
C．Hwever, this library is different frm traditinal nes.
D．But it is als the largest because the bks keep mving.
E．Hwever, Xu has successfully kept it pen fr nearly 15 years.
16．
17．
18．
19．
20．D yu like reading bks in yur spare time ? Why ? (不超过15词)

三、语言运用
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
Life was hard fr the Chinese farmers wh lived near the Yellw River. Over the past few hundred years, the river 21 China’s Great Plain mre than 1,500 times. Peple suffered 22 in each fld. Many f them died, and thse wh 23 were left with nthing.
In September 1887, it was a 24 mnth. The river began t rise, and peple feared it wuld break its banks (岸), 25 n ne was willing t leave. It was their hme where their family members and 26 had lived tgether fr hundreds f years. And it was harvest time (收获季节). They wuld 27 hunger if they didn’t harvest their crps (庄稼) sn. The rain cntinued t fall, and the river rse 28 . Sme farmers harvested the crps. Others built dikes (堤) t 29 against the fld.
But it didn’t wrk. Near the city f Zhengzhu, the river finally 30 the dikes. The fld swept away the farmers in the fields. The sund f running water was s lud that n ne culd hear them 31 . As the water reached the villages, peple climbed nt their 32 fr safety. Even thugh peple were in 33 , everyne helped each ther. They used bats t 34 thers bravely.
The fld cvered 11 cities and 1,500 villages and killed abut 900,000 peple. And it tk 18 mnths t fix the dikes and bring the river back under 35 .
Thankfully, tday, the fld defences (防御) alng the Yellw River are much better.
21．A．has replacedB．has frmedC．has burnedD．has flded
22．A．easilyB．terriblyC．quietlyD．kindly
23．A．survivedB．disappearedC．attendedD．mentined
24．A．windyB．rainyC．sunnyD．cludy
25．A．andB．sC．butD．r
26．A．actrsB．dctrsC．relativesD．caches
27．A．search frB．prepare frC．learn frmD．suffer frm
28．A．higherB．earlierC．slwerD．lnger
29．A．harmB．guardC．reachD．chse
30．A．shutB．imprvedC．decratedD．brke
31．A．screamB．singC．laughD．argue
32．A．bedsB．tablesC．rfsD．stages
33．A．angerB．trubleC．surpriseD．jy
34．A．greetB．inviteC．rescueD．sht
35．A．pressureB．preparatinC．cntrlD．discussin
第二节 词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
A.将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。
As a plicewman, Emma used t freeze up during public speaking because she was very shy. This was a real 36 in her wrk. Hwever, she didn’t give up.
Last September, Emma 37 t give a speech at a schl. She prepared carefully, chsing simple wrds and clear examples. Thugh her hands were 38 with sweat at first, she carried n. T her surprise, the children listened 39 , and n ne interrupted her.
Lking back at her prgress, Emma is prud f 40 . She has learned that curage grws with practice, and that every small step can reduce inner fear.
B.阅读下面的短文，根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空限填一词）。
Last weekend, when I walked past the cmmunity park, I saw tw peple sitting under a tree with n warm clthes. My neighburs and I sn realised there were sme 41 (无家可归的) peple in ur area wh needed help. We decided t d smething, s we gt tgether t plan hw t supprt them.
First, we fund an ld empty huse and fixed it up. Sme vlunteers repaired its 42 (屋顶) t keep ut the rain. Others helped 43 (清除) the ld bxes inside t make space fr beds. A dctr frm the cmmunity clinic jined us t. She tld us t ask if the hmeless peple had any 44 (疾病). Then we culd help them get prper 45 (治疗).
When we talked abut ther needed things, smene 46 (提到) bringing special tls fr thse with difficulty walking. We weren’t sure 47 (是否) these tls wuld be useful. Later, we decided t prepare tw 48 (轮椅) just in case. One elderly man wh received help said, “I feel s 49 (幸运的) t have this warm place t stay.” We tld him we wanted t supprt them 50 (完全地), nt just with a huse, but als with fd and clthes. By the end f the day, everyne felt prud t help thse in need.
第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
I had difficulty sleeping fr mnths. My back 51 (ache) every night frm sitting at my desk all day, and I was full f wrries abut wrk. I was tired, but I just culdn’t sleep.
One day, my friend Lisa nticed hw tired I lked. When I tld her abut my prblems, she tld me 52 (try) an nline yga prgram. It helped her reduce her pain 53 her back and sleep much better. She then shwed me the prgram n her phne. I wasn’t sure if it wuld wrk fr me, but I decided t give it 54 try.
That night, I began 55 (I) first class. Sft music played and the teacher spke in a calm vice. We did sme 56 (train) t warm up. At first, my bdy felt stiff (僵硬的), 57 as I fcused n my breath, I began t relax.
I cntinued t d yga every evening 58 (happy). As the weeks went by, I nticed real changes. My 59 (pain) backache disappeared, and I felt mre relaxed at bedtime. By the end f the prgram, I was able t g t sleep within 15 minutes f lying dwn. It was pleasant t feel better and better every day.
If yu have the same prblems, try the yga prgram. It 60 (help) yu if yu stick with it fr three weeks.
第四部分、书面表达（满分20分）
61．奉献爱心、参与公益是中学生成长中的重要一课。假设你是八年级学生李华，上周五你校在操场举办了爱心义卖活动，为医院患病儿童筹款。请你根据提示信息，给英国朋友Alex写一封电子邮件，分享这次活动经历。
注意：
1.提供的信息仅供参考。
2.条理清楚，语句通顺，行文连贯。
3.80词左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Alex,
Hw is everything ging? I’m writing t share with yu an unfrgettable experience—ur schl’s charity sale.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
DATES AND HOURSDates: The 3rd Saturday f the mnths: Jan 18/ Feb 14/ March 14/ April 18/ May 16/ June 20
Hurs: 4:30 pm – 8:30 pm
AGES
We’ll be having mixed age grups:
· Ages 4 – 10, with up t 15 campers · ages ver 11, with up t 25 campers
ACTIVITIES & DINNER
We have wnderful utdr play areas – sand bx, climbing wall, big yards fr basketball and ther games. Fr indr play, we have art activities, bard games and a dance party with light sticks. The place is clse t the mvie theatre next t ur cmmunity!
We prvide a vegetarian dinner with healthy ingredients(原料). Dinner is made by Chef Brad, wh always puts s much lve and care t his meals.
FEES
· $25 every night ($ 20 per night if yu sign up 3 days befre each camp)
· $100 fr all 6 nights.
CONTACT INFORMATION
If yu want t learn mre details, please cntact us.
Visit us: Rm 203 f the cmmunity service center
Call the number: 6828-0970
Email: [email protected]
wet ask her in silence weak
The charity sale
Things t sell
Yur feeling
When
Where
Wh
…
Old things (bks, tys, …)
Fd
…
Understand the imprtance f spreading kindness
…
参考答案
1．D 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个周六夜晚露营活动的时间、地点、活动内容以及价格和联系方式等信息。
【详解】1．根据举办的日期“Dates: The 3rd Saturday f the mnths: Jan 18/ Feb 14/ March 14/ April 18/ May 16/ June 20”可知，该活动一共举办六次。
2．根据文章中室内活动的介绍“Fr indr play, we have art activities, bard games and a dance party with light sticks.”可知，“A bard game”桌面游戏是Jenny在室内可以选择的活动。
3．根据文章开头“We are starting a Kids Night Out – Fun Saturday Night camp t keep the kids in ur cmmunity tgether during schl breaks.”以及通读全文可知，该活动的内容是让社区的孩子们一起交流和玩耍，故可以推断“The camp is t help the kids in the cmmunity knw each ther well.”这个露营活动帮助社区的孩子们更好地互相了解是正确的。
4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文讲述了尼泊尔政府提高珠峰南坡攀登许可证费用，以筹集资金改善环境问题（如垃圾清理）和保障登山者安全，同时呼吁尊重自然。
【详解】4．第一段最后一句“Climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather.”指出，攀登者必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的气候，这些都是恶劣的自然条件。
5．第三段第二句“The cuntry relies n the fees heavily fr its develpment.”指出，该国的发展严重依赖这笔费用。结合语境，“relies n”意为“依赖、依靠”，与“Depends n”意思相近。
6．第三段可知，涨价一方面是为了带来更多资金用于国家发展，即“financial factrs“，另一方面是为了应对日益严重的环境问题，即“envirnmental prblems”。第四段也提到收入将用于改善环境和确保安全。综合来看，目的是解决经济和环境问题。
7．全文最后一句“With these useful things dne, the great wnder f the wrld will certainly becme clean and safe.”指出，作者认为只要采取这些措施，珠穆朗玛峰肯定会变得清洁和安全，这表明作者对其未来充满希望。
8．C 9．C 10．B 11．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国新兴的AI工具OpenClaw，它能够自主控制应用和设备，提高工作效率，但也带来数据泄露和岗位替代等挑战。用户普遍认为学习使用AI是保持竞争力的必要步骤。
【详解】8．文章第一段介绍了OpenClaw及其功能，第二段讲述了它对工作场所的影响及政府支持，第三段讨论了挑战及用户态度。综合全文，文章旨在解释这款新AI工具如何影响中国的工作方式和人们的态度。选项A，文章仅在最后一段提及风险，并非全文主旨；选项B，龙虾只是OpenClaw的象征，是文章的细节而非主旨；选项D，与简单聊天机器人的对比仅在第一段出现一次，不是全文核心。
9．根据第一段中“Unlike simple chatbts, OpenClaw can cntrl apps and devices by itself after receiving an rder.”可知，其关键区别在于能独立控制应用。
10．根据第三段中提到人们担心AI取代工作，但紧接着说“Many users believe that learning t wrk with AI is necessary fr nt falling behind.”，可推断出工人需要提升技能以适应市场。
11．根据第三段中“Many users believe that learning t wrk with AI is necessary fr nt falling behind.”以及第一段中“ManyChinese peple, frm experts t beginners, are excited t try it.”可知，用户普遍认为使用AI是保持竞争力的必要步骤，而非反对或视为短期时尚。
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“特殊时刻”的概念及其在商业、教育和家庭生活中的应用，指出人们更容易记住不寻常的经历，因此可以有意识地创造特殊时刻来提升体验和记忆效果。
【详解】12．第一段指出“take ur minds ff”的含义：“We take ur minds ff the usual things that happened, and remember the mments that were different.”，后半句指出人们记住不同寻常的时刻，由此推测该短语表示“不去想、忘记”平常事，结合选项，只有C选项Frget符合词义。
13．第二段“the Magic Blue Htel in Lndn makes special mments a part f yur stay. The htel ffers ‘ice- cream mments’... Other htels may have better fd, bigger swimming pls, r nicer rms, but special mments like this make the Magic Blue Htel mre welcme.”，文中明确说明Magic Blue酒店为客人提供“冰淇淋时刻”这一特殊体验，正是这类特殊时刻让该酒店更受欢迎。
14．第三段指出“特殊时刻”的定义：“A special mment like having a class utside can make lessns easier t remember.”，特殊时刻是区别于日常常规课堂（室内教室上课）的非常规体验，户外上课属于特殊时刻，①在田野上美术课、③在操场举办科学展都属于非常规的户外特殊体验，②④都是常规的教室授课，不属于特殊时刻。
15．通读全文可知文章结构：第一段引出“特殊时刻”的概念；第二、三、四段分别从商业、教育、家庭三个领域举例说明应用；第五段总结呼吁。因此结构为①-②③④-⑤。
16．D 17．C 18．A 19．E 20．Yes. Because reading can change my life.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了北京胡同里一家特殊的微型图书馆及其创始人徐大伟的故事，介绍了图书馆的运营模式、书籍流转情况及创始人坚持开放的初衷。
【详解】16．根据文章第1段“This might be the smallest library in the wrld”及后文“Sme bks have even traveled t ther cuntries”可知，此处应转折说明虽然面积小但影响大。选项D“但它也是最大的，因为书一直在流动”与前文“smallest”形成对比，且解释了书籍流动的特点。
17．根据文章第2段“Traditinal libraries ask fr sme mney r set time limits”及后文“It ffers bks cmpletely fr free”可知，此处需引出该图书馆与传统图书馆的不同。选项 C“然而，这家图书馆与传统图书馆不同”承上启下，符合语境。
18．根据文章第3段“he passed it t his neighbr”及后文“traveled all the way t Eurpe”可知，此处应具体说明书籍如何传到欧洲。选项A“然后他的邻居把它带到了德国”中的“Germany”属于Eurpe，符合逻辑链条。
19．根据文章第4段“it is very difficult fr Xu t cver the csts f running the library”可知，此处应说明尽管困难但结果如何。选项E“然而，徐成功地将其保持了近15年”与前文困难形成转折，且时间上与2010年开业相符。。
20．开放性问题，参考答案为：Yes. Because reading can change my life.（答案不唯一，合理即可）
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文讲述了1887年黄河大洪水的历史事件，描述了洪水给沿岸农民带来的巨大灾难以及人们在灾难中互帮互助的精神，最后提到今天的黄河防洪设施已大为改善。
【详解】21．句意：在过去的几百年里，黄河已经淹没了中国的平原超过1500次。
根据下文描述洪水造成的灾难，可知黄河“淹没”了平原，应选用has flded。has replaced“取代”，has frmed“形成”，has burned“烧毁”，均不符合语境。
22．句意：人们在每次洪水中都遭受了极大的痛苦。
根据下文许多人死亡、幸存者一无所有，可知苦难深重，应选用terribly。easily“容易地”，quietly“安静地”，kindly“友善地”，均不符合语境。
23．句意：他们中的许多人死了，而那些幸存下来的人也一无所有。
根据上文“Many f them died”，以及下文“were left with nthing”，可知此处指“幸存下来的人”，应选用survived。disappeared“消失”，attended“参加”，mentined“提到”，均不符合语境。
24．句意：1887年9月，这是一个多雨的月份。
根据下文“The rain cntinued t fall”，可知这个月“多雨”，应选用rainy。windy“多风的”，sunny“晴朗的”，cludy“多云的”，均不符合语境。
25．句意：河水开始上涨，人们担心它会决堤，但没有人愿意离开。
上文说担心决堤，下文说没人愿意离开，前后为转折关系，应用but表示“但是”。and表并列，s表结果，r表选择，均不符合逻辑关系。
26．句意：这是他们的家，他们的家人和亲戚已经在这里共同生活了数百年。
根据语境，与家人并列的应是“亲戚”，应选用relatives。actrs“演员”，dctrs“医生”，caches“教练”，均不符合语境。
27．句意：如果他们不尽快收割庄稼，就会遭受饥饿。
根据“if they didn’t harvest their crps”，可知不收割庄稼会导致挨饿。suffer frm hunger表示“遭受饥饿”，符合语境。search fr“寻找”，prepare fr“准备”，learn frm“向……学习”，均不符合语境。
28．句意：雨持续下着，河水涨得更高了。
根据上文河水上涨，雨持续，水位应“更高”，应选用higher。earlier“更早”，slwer“更慢”，lnger“更长”，均不符合语境。
29．句意：其他人筑堤防御洪水。
根据“built dikes”，目的是保护家园抵御洪水。guard against表示“抵御、防范”，符合语境。harm“伤害”，reach“到达”，chse“选择”，均不符合语境。
30．句意：在郑州附近，河水最终冲毁了堤坝。
根据“But it didn’t wrk”，可知堤坝失效被水冲破。break the dikes表示“冲垮堤坝”，符合语境。shut“关闭”，imprved“改进”，decrated“装饰”，均不符合语境。
31．句意：水流的声音太大了，没有人能听到他们的尖叫。
根据上文洪水冲走农民，他们在危险中会“尖叫”，应选用scream。sing“唱歌”，laugh“笑”，argue“争论”，均不符合语境。
32．句意：当水漫到村庄时，人们爬到屋顶上避难。
根据洪水逃生常识，人们会爬到“屋顶”上，应选用rfs。beds“床”，tables“桌子”，stages“舞台”，均不符合语境。
33．句意：尽管人们身处困境，但每个人都互相帮助。
根据洪水背景，人们处于危险和困难中，in truble是固定短语，表示“处于困境中”，符合语境。anger“愤怒”，surprise“惊讶”，jy“快乐”，均不符合语境。
34．句意：他们勇敢地用船去营救其他人。
根据上文互相帮助，洪水救人应用“营救”，应选用rescue。greet“问候”，invite“邀请”，sht“射击”，均不符合语境。
35．句意：花了18个月修复堤坝，使河流重新受控。
under cntrl是固定短语，表示“处于控制之下”，符合“重新控制河流”的语境。pressure“压力”，preparatin“准备”，discussin“讨论”，均不符合语境。
36．weakness 37．was asked 38．wet 39．in silence 40．herself
【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了女警察Emma克服公众演讲的害羞心理，通过一次校园演讲挑战自我、获得成长的经历，传递了勇气源于实践的道理。
【详解】36．句意：这在她的工作中是一个真正的弱点。此处需用名词作表语，weak的基本用法为形容词，意为“虚弱的、薄弱的”，其名词形式为weakness，表示“弱点、缺点”，符合“演讲紧张是工作中的弱点”的语境，因此用weakness。
37．句意：去年九月，Emma被邀请去一所学校演讲。根据“t give a speech at a schl”可知，Emma“被邀请”去做演讲。主语Emma是动作的承受者，需用一般过去时的被动语态was asked，表示“被邀请”，因此用was asked。
38．句意：虽然一开始她的手被汗水打湿了，但她还是坚持了下来。此处需用形容词作表语，wet的基本用法为表示“湿的”，构成短语be wet with sweat，表示“被汗水打湿”，符合演讲时紧张出汗的语境，因此用wet。
39．句意：令她惊讶的是，孩子们安静地听着，没有人打断她。根据“n ne interrupted her”可知，孩子们“静静地”听着。in silence表示“安静地、沉默地”，符合语境。
40．句意：回顾自己的进步，Emma为自己感到骄傲。此处需用反身代词作介词f的宾语，her 的基本用法为形容词性物主代词，其反身代词为herself，表示“她自己”，构成固定搭配be prud f neself，表示“为自己感到骄傲”，因此用herself。
41．hmeless 42．rf 43．clear 44．illnesses/diseases 45．treatment 46．mentined 47．whether/if 48．wheelchairs 49．lucky 50．cmpletely
【导语】本文讲述了作者和邻居们发现社区里有无家可归的人需要帮助，于是大家齐心协力为他们修缮房屋、准备物资的温暖故事，强调了邻里互助的力量。
【详解】41．句意：我和我的邻居们很快意识到我们区域有一些无家可归的人需要帮助。“无家可归的”作定语修饰peple，需用形容词hmeless。
42．句意：一些志愿者修理了屋顶来挡雨。“屋顶”为rf，its后接单数名词。
43．句意：其他人帮忙清除里面的旧箱子来腾出地方放床。“help (t) d sth”为固定短语，此处用动词原形clear。
44．句意：她让我们问那些无家可归的人是否有任何疾病。any后接可数名词复数，illness的复数为illnesses，disease的复数为diseases，应填illnesses/diseases。
45．句意：然后我们可以帮助他们得到适当的治疗。“治疗”为不可数名词treatment，prper后接名词。
46．句意：当我们讨论其他需要的东西时，有人提到为那些行走困难的人带上特殊工具。全文为一般过去时，“提到”用mentin的过去式mentined。
47．句意：我们不确定这些工具是否有用。whether和if均可引导宾语从句表示“是否”，此处作sure的宾语，应填whether/if。
48．句意：后来，我们决定准备两辆轮椅以防万一。tw后接可数名词复数，wheelchair的复数为wheelchairs“轮椅”。
49．句意：一位接受帮助的老人说：“能有这个温暖的地方住，我感到非常幸运。”“feel”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，“幸运的”为lucky。
50．句意：我们告诉他我们想完全地支持他们，不仅是一所房子，还有食物和衣服。修饰动词supprt需用副词，“完全地”为cmpletely。
51．ached 52．t try 53．in 54．a 55．my 56．training 57．but 58．happily 59．painful 60．will help
【导语】本文讲述了作者因长期伏案工作而饱受失眠与背痛困扰，在朋友推荐下尝试线上瑜伽课程，最终身体状况与睡眠质量得到改善的经历。
【详解】51．句意：因为整天坐在书桌前，我的背每晚都疼，而且我对工作充满了担忧。文章整体为一般过去时，ache的过去式为ached。
52．句意：当我告诉她我的问题时，她让我试试一个线上瑜伽课程。tell sb. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”。
53．句意：这帮助她减轻了背部的疼痛，睡眠也好多了。pain in ne’s back为固定表达，意为“背部疼痛”。
54．句意：我不确定这对我是否有用，但我决定试一试。give it a try为固定短语，意为“试一试”。
55．句意：那天晚上，我开始了我的第一节课。此处修饰名词first class，需用形容词性物主代词，I的形容词性物主代词为my。
56．句意：我们做了一些训练来热身。sme后接名词，train的名词形式为training，意为“训练”，为不可数名词。
57．句意：起初，我的身体感觉很僵硬，但随着我专注于呼吸时，我开始放松下来。前后句为转折关系，用but连接。
58．句意：之后，我每天晚上都开心地继续做瑜伽。此处需用副词修饰动词did，happy的副词形式为happily。
59．句意：我那令人疼痛的背痛消失了，我在睡前感觉更放松了。此处需用形容词修饰名词backache，pain的形容词形式为painful。
60．句意：如果你坚持三周，它会帮助你的。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
61．
例文：
Dear Alex,
Hw is everything ging? I’m writing t share with yu an unfrgettable experience—ur schl’s charity sale. It was held n the schl playgrund last Friday. All the teachers and students tk part in it.
We sld many ld things, such as bks and tys. Sme als made delicius fd t sell. The mney was raised fr sick children in the hspital. Everyne was active and kind.
Thrugh this activity, I understand the imprtance f spreading kindness. Helping thers makes me feel truly happy. I hpe yu can jin such activities t.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：电子邮件类应用文，一般过去时为主
明确要点：爱心义卖的基本信息（时间、地点及参与人员）、义卖物品、个人感受
确定人称：第一人称和第三人称
注意事项：80词左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引入主题，说明爱心义卖的基本信息
主体段：详细介绍义卖物品等信息
结尾段：描述个人感受
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：基本信息
时间：last Friday/frm 2:00 p.m. t 4:00 p.m. last Mnday/n weekends等
地点：schl playgrund/gym/schl hall等
参与人员：all the teachers and students/almst everyne in ur schl等
要点二：义卖物品
义卖物品：bks and tys/hand-made wrks/secnd-hand clthes等
资金用途：fr sick children in the hspital/help children in pr areas/raise mney fr kids in pr areas等
要点三：个人感受
感受：understand the imprtance f spreading kindness/feel truly happy/feel tired but happy/imprtant and meaningful等
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
B
D
B
B
D
C
C
C
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
21
22
23
24
25
答案
B
C
D
A
D
D
B
A
B
C
题号
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
答案
C
D
A
B
D
A
C
B
C
C