2026年高考英语二轮复习 话题7 科技发展 专项练习（教师版）

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Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每题2.5分,满分20分)
A
Netwrk-based technlgies have becme increasingly widespread,and they are nw being used by cuntless individuals,prfessinals,and businesses wrldwide.Despite their advantages,
mst netwrk-based systems are highly at risk f malicius (恶意的) attacks.
The cnsequences f a malicius attack n netwrk-based systems can be extremely harmful.Fr instance,an attack n a pwer plant netwrk culd leave millins f individuals and ffices withut electricity,while attacks n scial media netwrks can lead t the expsure f user infrmatin.
T vercme the weaknesses f netwrk-based systems,cmputer scientists wrldwide have been trying t develp advanced intrusin detectin systems (IDSs) (入侵检测系统) that culd help t identify malicius attacks,increasing a netwrk’s safety.In recent years,machine learning (ML) algrithms (机器学习算法) have been fund t be particularly prmising fr autmatically detecting attacks and intrusins n a netwrk’s functining.
An imprtant step in the develpment and training f ML-based IDSs is the selectin f data features that a mdel can rely r fcus n when making predictins.Ideally,by analysing large datasets,researchers shuld be able t identify the mst suitable features fr slving a given task using ML tls,and this can als be applied t intrusin detectin.
Researchers at Canadian University Dubai in the UAE have recently develped a new feature selectin methd that culd enable the develpment f mre effective ML-based IDSs.This methd was fund t perfrm remarkably well when cmpared with ther cmmnly emplyed feature selectin techniques.Using the features they identified as mst imprtant fr intrusin detectin,the researchers created a highly efficient ML-based detectin system.
In the future,the feature selectin methd develped by the researchers and their findings culd help the develpment f new,highly effective IDSs.In additin,the system they created using the features they identified culd be applied in real-wrld settings t detect malicius attacks n real netwrks.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了IDSs (入侵检测系统)的相关技术和发展。
( )1.What des Paragraph 1 fcus n abut netwrk-based technlgies?
[A] Their targeted users.
[B] Their ppularity.
[C] Their ptential risks.
[D] Their advantages.
【答案】 C
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第一段最后一句可知,本段主要想指出大多数网络系统都很容易受到恶意攻击,即具有潜在的风险。故选C。
( )2.Hw can IDSs increase the safety f netwrks?
[A] By tracking malicius attacks.
[B] By starting anti-virus prgrammes.
[C] By srting ut user infrmatin.
[D] By recgnising malicius attacks.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,该系统能够识别恶意攻击,提高安全性。故选D。
( )3.What is the key t the develpment f ML-based IDSs?
[A] Slving given tasks.
[B] Selecting reliable data features.
[C] Making accurate predictins.
[D] Analysing large enugh datasets.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“An imprtant step predictins.”可知,选择可靠的数据特征是该系统发展的重要步骤。故选B。
( )4.What’s the purpse f the text?
[A] T intrduce a new technique fr IDSs.
[B] T prmte netwrk-based technlgies.
[C] T raise peple’s awareness f netwrk safety.
[D] T discuss ways t deal with malicius attacks.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据整篇文章内容可知,本文主要是为了介绍IDSs (入侵检测系统)。故选A。
B
The ability t detect a nearby presence withut seeing r tuching it may sund fantastical—but it’s a real ability that sme creatures have.A family f African fish knwn as Mrmyrids are weakly electric,and have special rgans that can lcate a nearby target,even when it’s hiding in the mud.Scientists have nw develped an artificial sensr system mdelled n the ability f these fish.
“We develped a new strategy fr 3D mtin psitining by electrnic skin,bi-inspired by ‘electric fish’,” says Dr.Yu,a prfessr f bimedical engineering.The team described their e-skin sensr in a paper.
The artificial sensr is multi-layered.One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器),which will generate an electric field nce activated,and anther layer acts as a receiver t detect bth the directin and the distance t an bject.A separate cntrller creates the driving signal t activate the transmitter.When an bject cmes within range,the electric field arund the sensr is disrupted (扰乱),which in turn can be detected by the receiver.This data is then prcessed by a micrcntrller unit,which cmputes the psitin f the target bject and sends that infrmatin t a smartphne r ther devices.
A special bigel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensr,which has the ability t transmit and receive electric signals frm a pattern f micrchannels n the surface.The end result is a sensr that is thin,sft and flexible,making it csy t adapt t irregular surfaces,such as the human bdy.In cntrast t the traditinal sensr system that needs a large number f sensrs t achieve spatial psitining,the new system can lcate an bject precisely in 3D space using just a few sensrs.This significantly reduces the pwer cnsumptin f data cllectin,transmissin,and prcessing.
The researchers hpe that this sensr culd ne day pen up a new range f wearable technlgies,including sensrs fr human-machine interactin and thin,flexible e-skin.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种仿生传感器,其灵感源自一种鱼类,能够通过非接触方式感知物体的位置。
( )5.What des the first paragraph aim t shw?
[A]The special ability f African fish.
[B]The inspiratin fr a new inventin.
[C]The big challenge f lcating bjects.
[D]The reasn fr develping a sensr.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A family f African fish knwn as Mrmyrids are weakly the ability f these fish.”可知,第一段主要介绍了一种具有特殊感应器官的鱼类,其能通过生物电场感知周围物体的位置,受此启发,科学家们开发出一种人工传感器模型,由此可知,第一段旨在介绍一个新发明的灵感来源。故选B。
( )6.What is the crrect rder f the system’s wrking prcedures?
a.The transmitter creates an electric field.
b.A unit cmputes the psitin f the target.
c.The cntrller sends the activating signal.
d.The receiver detects the change f electric signals.
e.The electric field is disrupted by an appraching bject.
[A]c-a-e-d-b.
[B]c-a-d-e-b.
[C]a-c-e-d-b.
[D]a-e-c-d-b.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,传感器的工作过程是控制器发送激活信号,发射器产生电场,电场被接近的物体扰乱,接收器检测电信号的变化,一个微控制器单元计算目标的位置,结合选项可知,正确顺序是“c-a-e-d-b”。故选A。
( )7.What is an advantage f the new sensr system?
[A]Its sensitivity t different stimulatins.
[B]Its adaptatin t envirnmental changes.
[C]Its efficiency in achieving 3D psitining.
[D]Its speed in data cllectin and prcessing.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In cntrast t the traditinal sensr pwer cnsumptin f data cllectin,transmissin,and prcessing.”可知,新传感器系统在实现3D定位方面的效率更高,大大降低了数据收集、传输和处理的功耗,由此可知,新传感器系统的优点是它在实现3D定位方面的效率更高。故选C。
( )8.What is the best title fr the passage?
[A]Machine Detective “Wears” Flexible E-skin
[B]Bi-inspired Sensr “Feels” Withut Tuching
[C]E-skin Sensr: The Future f Machine Learning
[D]Electric Fields: The Frntier f Object Detectin
【答案】 B
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段中“A family f African fish knwn the ability f these fish.”可知,文章主要介绍了受一种鱼类启发而被开发出来的一种新型传感器,该传感器能够通过电场在无接触的情况下感知物体的位置,而且具备灵活、高效的特点。B项准确概括了文章的核心内容。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每题2.5分,满分12.5分)
While technlgy addicts teens t their devices,they are nt helpless against the draw f it.Here are five ways educatrs can supprt their students’ digital well-being.
Explre design tricks cmpanies use.The technlgy we use daily is designed t catch and hld ur attentin.Cmpanies knw what keeps ur eyes n the screen.T help,teachers can unpack design tricks and explain hw cmpanies emply features like aut-play t get users t stay n their APPs.1.
Talk abut hw technlgy can increase feelings f anxiety.The decline in yuth mental health is assciated with an increase in scial media use.2. We can help ur students by allwing them t cnsider the benefits f technlgy and then t think abut changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being.
3. Scial media can bring the feeling:“All my friends have better lives than me.” Plus,design features like “read receipts” can lead t teens knwing their messages have been seen and stressing abut why friends haven’t yet replied.These are classic examples f thinking traps.Identifying them can help teens get rid f sme negative thughts.
Uncver the ways that AI can play a rle in misinfrmatin.AI is rapidly transfrming the wrld.Recmmendatin algrithms (算法),which determine what we d and d nt see n ur feeds and in ur search results,can have very real cnsequences.4. By understanding hw these technlgies wrk,students can start t enjy mre benefits f technlgy.
Encurage families t have meaningful cnversatins with their children.Take the time t share with families the tpics and resurces yu’re teaching in class.5. Knwing we’re all in the same bat is crucial.
A.Scial media is ruining ur life.
B.Cnnect them with their inner wrld.
C.Build their awareness f thinking traps.
D.This by n means indicates all technlgy is bad.
E.They can pull us twards increasingly extreme views.
F.It turns ut adults and kids all pursue digital well-being.
G.Knwing these can mtivate students t get back their attentin.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了教育者可采取的维护学生数字健康的五种方法。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据前文可知,教育者可以为孩子们解释公司是如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户停留在他们的应用程序上的,因此后文应是对这种做法的结果进行描述,G项符合语境。故
选G。
2.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据前文“The decline in yuth mental health is assciated with an increase in scial media use.”以及后文内容可知,虽然青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关,但并不能说所有的科技都是坏的,教育者应帮助学生们认识到科技的好处,同时改变科技带来的不健康的习惯,D项符合语境。故选D。
3.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据后文“These are classic examples f thinking traps.Identifying them can help teens get rid f sme negative thughts.”可知,本段通过举例子说明了思维陷阱对青少年产生的影响。C项可概括本段主旨,指出应帮助青少年提升对思维陷阱的认知。故选C。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据前文“Recmmendatin algrithms (算法),which determine what we d and d nt see n ur feeds and in ur search results,can have very real cnsequences.”可知,大数据的推荐算法会产生一些非常现实的后果,且后文对此行为带来的消极影响做了进一步的说明。因此空处应承接前文,指出推荐算法会促使我们产生越来越极端的观点,E项符合语境。故选E。
5.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据前文“Encurage families t have meaningful cnversatins with their children.
Take the time t share with families the tpics and resurces yu’re teaching in class.”可知,此处是在鼓励家长和孩子之间进行有意义的交流、沟通和分享。因此空处应承接前文,指出通过有意义的交流和沟通能够将彼此的内心世界联系起来,B项符合语境。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)
I’d been explring the 40-hectare wds arund ur cttage my whle life and I knew the way well.S it was a 1 when I fund myself lst there.
One dull cld February afternn,I had a sudden 2 t hike the hill with my tw daughters.Putting n ur snwshes,we immediately 3 nrth-westward.While making ur way up the hill,my daughters stpped ccasinally t investigate unknwn plants and t lk at the abandned deer really made their 4 .
As the shadws started t 5 ,we mved further up.Sn,weariness began t 6 enthusiasm.We decided t return.Instead f backtracking ver ur 7 rute,I chse t walk dwn the steep (陡峭的) side f the hill, 8 my general sense that ahead f us lay the stream that wuld guide us t the rad.But as the terrain (地形) leveled ut,I had my first majr mment f 9 :Where was the stream? Were we ff curse?
I instinctively (本能地) pulled ut my phne t get my lcatin,but it 10 in my hand in the cld air. 11 ,I started feeling a bit panicky.Hwever,I quickly 12 myself,reassuring my daughters t cntinue walking.Fcusing n the landmarks,I sptted a familiar tree and eventually 13 the rad.
That winter’s day taught me a valuable lessn abut habitual reliance n technlgy.If my phne had 14 then,I might have directly fllwed the BDS,ignring the ld 15 f depending n surrundings and life skills.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿们一起探索自己十分熟悉的树林,但返回时作者却因选择了一条不同的下山路线而迷路的故事。
( )1.[A]challenge[B]shck
[C]reward[D]reminder
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文可知,作者很熟悉树林里的路,因此发现自己迷失在那里时,他会很震惊(shck)。故选B。
( )2.[A]discvery[B]respnse
[C]wrry[D]urge
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“t hike the hill with my tw daughters”以及接下来叙述的他们爬山的经历可知,作者是突然有一种冲动(urge),想和两个女儿一起去爬山。故选D。
( )3.[A]escaped[B]drve
[C]headed[D]lked
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“t hike the hill with my tw daughters”可知,作者想和两个女儿一起去爬山,因此此处应是指他们向西北方向行进(headed)。故选C。
( )4.[A]reputatin[B]dream
[C]day[D]way
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“my daughters stpped ccasinally t investigate unknwn plants and t lk at the abandned deer beds”可知,作者的女儿们偶尔会停下来研究未知的植物和被遗弃的鹿床,由此可推知她们是很开心的,固定短语make ne’s day意为“令某人开心”。故选C。
( )5.[A]lengthen[B]swing
[C]emerge[D]fade
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“As the shadws started t”可推知,影子应该是开始拉长(lengthen),表明时间在流逝。故选A。
( )6.[A]fuel[B]witness
[C]verlk[D]utpace
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“We decided t return.”可知,作者他们准备返回应是因为疲倦感开始超过(utpace)热情。故选D。
( )7.[A]riginal[B]rugh
[C]ffbeat[D]rundabut
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“I chse t walk dwn the steep (陡峭的) side f the hill”可知,作者选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去,应是没有沿着原来的(riginal)路线折回。故选A。
( )8.[A]appreciating[B]trusting
[C]checking[D]assessing
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“I chse t walk dwn the steep (陡峭的) side f the hill”和下文“my general sense that ahead f us lay the stream that wuld guide us t the rad”可推知,作者选择一条新的路线是因为作者相信(trusting)自己的直觉,认为可以沿着小溪走向大路。故选B。
( )9.[A]curisity[B]cmparisn
[C]dubt[D]anticipatin
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“Where was the stream? Were we ff curse?”可知,作者有很多问题,应是对自己产生了怀疑(dubt)。故选C。
( )10.[A]died[B]slipped
[C]flashed[D]rang
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky”可知,作者开始感到有点恐慌,由此可推知手机应是没法使用,也就是在寒冷的空气中死机了(died)。故选A。
( )11.[A]Reprtedly[B]Admittedly
[C]Seemingly[D]Surprisingly
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“I instinctively (本能地) pulled ut my phne t get my lcatin,but it 10 in my hand in the cld air.”可知,作者原本想用手机导航,但是手机无法使用了,因此不可否认地(Admittedly),作者开始有点恐慌。故选B。
( )12.[A]expsed[B]cmpsed
[C]defended[D]behaved
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“reassuring my daughters t cntinue walking”可知,作者安慰女儿们继续走下去,由此可推知他应是先让自己镇定下来,固定短语cmpse neself意为“使某人自己镇定下来”。故选B。
( )13.[A]gt ff[B]laid dwn
[C]came acrss[D]made ut
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“I sptted a familiar tree”可知,作者发现了一棵熟悉的树,因此作者可以辨认出(made ut)回去的那条路。故选D。
( )14.[A]wrked[B]remained
[C]changed[D]verheated
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“I might have directly fllwed the BDS”可知,此处是对过去的事实做出相反的假设,指如果那时手机还能工作(wrked)的话,就会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走。故选A。
( )15.[A]thery[B]standard
[C]practice[D]rutine
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“Fcusing n the landmarks,I sptted a familiar tree”可知,作者是通过集中精力于具有标志性的事物才发现了那棵熟悉的树,再结合下文“f depending n surrundings and life skills”可推知,此处是指依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法(practice)。故选C。
语篇清障
[构词法]
1.bimedical adj.生物医学的
2.multi-layeredadj.多层的
3.irregularadj.不规则的;不规律的