2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 013-课时作业13 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 013-课时作业13 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（教用），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，5分，共20分），apprach v，parting adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分值：47.5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20分）
A
（2025·八省联考）
Jim Jhnsn, a mail carrier, was an institutin in the leafy Westmreland, Westhaven and Westver Hills neighbrhds, just nrth f dwntwn Wilmingtn, where he delivered much mre than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the grceries; he tk nte f unlcked drs, ffered gardening advice, and taught mre than a few yung bys the art f the curveball. When he wasn't ding all that, Jim was running acrss a checkerbard f green lawns（草坪） t ensure the lcal pstal service did nt fall shrt f its daily prmise.
Thugh the pstal service is ften disparaged nw, the trust in lcal pstal service lives n. In many cmmunities, that trust is wn every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, scial security checks, cllege acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailbxes in frnt f the huses.
After mre than three decades, Jim apprached his final days n the jb much like any ther. He drve a bxy pstal truck t Nrth DuPnt Rad fr the first unfficial stp f the day. Butch, a dg wh belnged t ne f the neighbrs, was waiting just like every day befre. And just like every day befre, he gt int the jump seat and they were ff. On the rute, Jim and Butch had becme inseparable. Nw, the dg and the mailman wuldg int retirement tgether. At every stp, Jim accepted the parting gd wishes f families that had becme his wn. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memries.
It's been 33 years since Jim left the rute, but we are still reminded f the deep bnd established between cmmunity and letter carrier. That's what the pstal service means t us.
1．What d we knw abut Jim Jhnsn frm the first paragraph?
A．He's pen-minded.B．He's sharp-eyed.
C．He's warm-hearted.D．He's strng-willed.
2．What des the underlined wrd “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Refused.B．Criticized.C．Investigated.D．Suspended.
3．What did Jim d besides daily delivery n his final days f wrk?
A．He drve Butch t its wner.
B．He sent presents t his friends.
C．He prepared a retirement party.
D．He said gdbyes t the neighbrs.
4．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T remember a respected mail carrier.
B．T recrd an unfrgettable experience.
C．T raise funds fr the pstal service.
D．T call fr harmny in the cmmunity.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．D
4．A
【解析】
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中对Jim的描述可知，他所传递的远不止信件（he delivered much mre than the mail）；他知道所有的孩子和他们的宠物的名字；他在杂货店帮忙搬东西；他会留意没锁的门，提供打理花园的建议，还会指点小男孩们曲线球技术。由此可推知，Jim关心社区的方方面面，是一个热心肠的（warm-hearted）邮递员。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。画线词所在句含有Thugh引导的让步状语从句，所以主句和从句存在语义上的转折。根据主句“the trust in lcal pstal service lives n”可知，人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在，所以从句应该表示尽管现在邮政服务存在让人难以信任的情况。B项Criticized（批评）最接近这里的意思，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At every stp, Jim accepted the parting gd wishes f families that had becme his wn.”可知，Jim在每一站接受这些早已如同家人的居民的分别祝福。由此可推知，Jim在工作的最后几天，除了日常的投递工作外，还和邻居们告别（said gdbyes t the neighbrs）。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。本文第一段展现出Jim的热心肠，第二段突出Jim工作上的兢兢业业，第三段侧重描述Jim临近退休时的工作和生活状态。最后一段讲到了社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚情谊。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念受人尊敬的邮递员Jim Jhnsn，故选A。
1.apprach v.接近 2.inseparable adj.形影不离的
3.parting adj.离别时说的（或做的）
institutin 熟义：n.机构 生义：n.（某地或某工作领域）出名的人
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在Wilmingtn北部社区服务了三十多年的邮递员Jim Jhnsn不仅工作上尽心尽责，还在生活上热心帮助居民的故事。
B
（2025·广东广州三校联考）
Is frgiveness against ur human nature? T answer ur questin, we need t ask a further questin: What is the essence f ur humanity? Fr the sake f simplicity, peple cnsider tw distinctly different views f humanity. The first view invlves dminance and pwer. In an early paper n the psychlgy f frgiveness, Drll （1984） made the interesting claim that humans' essential nature is mre aggressive than frgiving allws. Thse wh frgive are against their basic nature, much t their harm. In his pinin, frgivers are cmprmising their well-being as they ffer mercy t thers, wh might then take advantage f them.
The secnd view invlves the theme f cperatin, mutual respect, and even lve as the basis f wh we are as humans. Researchers find that t fully grw as human beings, we need bth t receive lve frm and ffer lve t thers. Withut lve, ur cnnectins with a wide range f individuals in ur lives can fall apart. Even cmmn sense strngly suggests that the will t pwer ver thers des nt make fr harmnius interactins. Fr example, hw well has slavery wrked as a mde f scial harmny?
Frm this secnd viewpint f wh we are as humans, frgiveness plays a key rle in the bilgical and psychlgical integrity f bth individuals and cmmunities because ne f the utcmes f frgiveness, shwn thrugh scientific studies, is the decrease in hatred and the restratin f harmny. Frgiveness can break the cycle f anger. At least t the extent the peple frm whm yu are estranged accept yur lve and frgiveness and are prepared t make the required adjustments. Frgiveness can heal relatinships and recnnect peple.
As an imprtant nte, when we take a Classical philsphical perspective, that f Aristtle, we see the distinctin between “ptentiality” and “actuality”. We are nt necessarily brn with the capacity t frgive, but instead with the ptential t learn abut it and t grw in ur ability t frgive. The actuality f frgiving, its actual apprpriatin in cnflict situatins, develps with practice.
5．What is Drll's idea abut frgiveness?
A．Peple shuld ffer mercy t thers.
B．Aggressive peple shuld learn t frgive.
C．Frgiveness depends n the nature f humanity.
D．Peple wh frgive can have their wn welfare affected.
6．What des the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?
A．T frgive is t lve.B．T fight is t grw.
C．T dminate is t harm.D．T give is t receive.
7．What is the writer's attitude tward frgiveness?
A．Favrable.B．Reserved.C．Objective.D．Skeptical.
8．What is the message f the last paragraph?
A．Frgiveness is in ur nature.B．Frgiveness grws with time.
C．Actuality is based n ptentiality.D．It takes practice t frgive.
【答案】5．D
6．C
7．A
8．D
【解析】
5．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In his pinin, frgivers are cmprmising their well-being as they ffer mercy t thers, wh might then take advantage f them.”可知，Drll认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。
6．推理判断题。举例的目的是论证前文观点，前文主要讲没有爱，我们与生活中众多人之间的关系就会破裂，甚至常识也强烈表明，对他人施加控制的意愿并不能促进和谐的互动。最后一句以反问的方式举出奴隶制的例子，阐明了试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者认为原谅对个体和群体的生理和心理健全性都起着关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对原谅持支持态度。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力.所以原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选D。
1.essence n.本质，实质 2.fr the sake f 为了……起见；因……的缘故 3.aggressive adj.好斗的，挑衅的 4.fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 5.illustrate v.说明，解释 6.reserved adj.矜持的
1.nature 熟义：n.大自然 生义：n.本质
2.cmprmise 熟义：v.妥协，折中 生义：v.危及，危害
原句：Frm this secnd viewpint f wh we are as humans, frgiveness plays a key rle in the bilgical and psychlgical integrity f bth individuals and cmmunities because ne f the utcmes f frgiveness, shwn thrugh scientific studies, is the decrease in hatred and the restratin f harmny.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子主干是frgiveness plays a key rle in bilgical and psychlgical integrity f bth individuals and cmmunities；介词短语Frm this secnd viewpint f...作状语，其中介词f后是wh引导的宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句，其中过去分词短语shwn thrugh scientific studies作后置定语，修饰主语ne f the utcmes f frgiveness。
译文：从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个体和群体的生理和心理健全性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。本文围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和群体中的作用和意义。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
（2025·全国一）
An Unsung Her
Need a break between classes r just a quick pick-me-up in the mrning? The Cllege Cafe has just that, and mre. 1
Catherine Murphy, a cafe wrker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each custmer gets exactly what they rder. She ges back and frth between machines t make the drinks. 2 As the custmer grabs the drink frm her hand, she smiles and says, “Hell, hw is yur day?” Even when the line is getting lnger, she desn't let it get in the way f her genuine cnversatins.
Murphy gets up at a quarter t five and drives thirty minutes every day t get t wrk n time. 3 “I d s because I like t make cffee fr the students. I knw they need it in the mrning,” Murphy said. Being a mther and wife has helped her becme the wman she is. She believes she is here t serve.
One thing Murphy may nt knw is that her smile is cntagius（有感染力） and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having befre seeing her. Janna Wright, a senir plitical science majr, lves cffee and ges t the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile n her face, which always puts me in a cheerful md,” Wright said.
“I enjy wrking in the cafe,” Murphy said. 5 She has every intentin f staying and cntinuing ding what she lves.
A.The cafe clses at 9 pm every day.
B.She has tw children aged eight and fur.
C.Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early.
D.After finishing an rder,she calls ut the name n the cup.
E.Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles.
F.Ging t the cafe starts her day ff gd and gets her ready fr class.
G.She has served here fr 17 years and can't imagine wrking anywhere else.
【答案】1．E
2．D
3．C
4．F
5．G
【解析】
1．空前提到大学咖啡馆除为课间休息提供场所和提神的饮品外, 还有更多的东西。第二段开始描述员工Catherine Murphy的具体服务细节。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑”是对空前句的具体说明，并且可以引出下文Murphy为顾客提供饮品和微笑的内容。
2．空前介绍Murphy在机器间穿梭制作饮品的过程，空后介绍顾客从她手中接过饮料时,她微笑着进行问候。所以空处应衔接“制作饮品”和“顾客接过饮品”这两个动作。D项“完成一份订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字”符合语境。
3．根据设空前的“gets up at a quarter t t wrk n time”可知，Murphy每天按时上班，空后提到她这么做是因为喜欢为学生们做咖啡。空后的s是信号词，由此推断空处是Murphy的一种做法。C项“有时她会早早到达，以便尽早为学生们提供服务”进一步说明了她的敬业和为学生服务的热情，同时解释了s的内容。
4．空前提到学生Janna Wright经常光顾咖啡馆，空后引用她的话评价Murphy。 F项“去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备”解释了空前她频繁去咖啡馆的原因，符合题意。选项中的“starts her day ff gd”和空后的“puts me in a cheerful md”相呼应。
5．空后提到Murphy 一心想待在这儿，继续做自己喜欢的事情。G项“她已在这里工作了17年，不想去别的地方工作了”体现了她对这份工作的热爱和坚持，与后文她想继续留在这里工作相呼应。
原句：One thing Murphy may nt knw is that her smile is cntagius and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having befre seeing her.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。Murphy may nt knw是省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词One thing,that引导表语从句，其中in a student having a much better day...作状语，than引导比较状语从句。
译文：Murphy可能不知道的一件事是，她的笑容具有感染力，能够改变学生的心情，让他们在见到她之后度过比之前更好的一天。
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员Catherine Murphy用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
Ⅲ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
（2026·重庆巴蜀中学月考）
Pang Zhngwang, a dctral student at Tsinghua University's Department f Precisin Instrument, 1. （appint） ne f “Tuching China's 2024 Persns f the Year” n Saturday. He became a symbl f resilience and hpe after his 2. （inspire） stry captured the hearts f millins.
Brn int pverty, Pang faced great challenges: his father has schizphrenia（精神分裂症）, and his mther, brn with spina bifida（脊柱裂） and with amputated legs, can barely mve. Hwever, he never allw adversity 3. （drag） him dwn. He still remained ptimistic,4. （hld） nt the belief that “Knwledge changes fate”.
His breakthrugh came in 2017 when he gt 5. utstanding scre f 684 pints in the 6. （exceptinal） difficult Natinal Cllege Entrance Exam. His scre earned him 7. （admit） t Tsinghua University, China's mst prestigius institutin r higher learning, 8. he began studying in the Department f Mechanical Engineering. Initially, he feared being a disappintment, but he fund his path in research, persisting thrugh numerus failures. He declined dnatins, relying instead n schl grants and schlarships.
What mved the public mst was nt just his academic success, but his prfund ptimism and gratitude. When 9. （interview）, he never cmplained abut his circumstances. Instead, he spke with pride abut his family's lve and the simple jys in his life. His stry is a pwerful testament t the idea that ne's backgrund des nt define ne's future. As the award speech ges, “Yu leave hardships behind, face life with a smile, and mve frward with strength.” Pang's jurney shws that 10. resilience and hpe, we can all live up t expectatins and create ur wn brilliant chapter.
【答案】1．was appinted
2．inspiring
3．t drag
4．hlding
5．an
6．exceptinally
7．admissin
8．where/and
9．interviewed
10．with
【解析】
1．考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。设空处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语n Saturday并结合事实可知，空处应用一般过去时；appint与主语Pang Zhngwang之间是被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语Pang Zhngwang为第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was appinted。
2．考查形容词。句意：他的励志故事打动了数百万人的心之后，他成了坚韧和希望的象征。设空处修饰名词stry，表示“鼓舞人心的故事”，应用形容词作定语。故填inspiring。
3．考查非谓语动词。此处为固定用法allw sb./sth. t d sth.，表示“允许某人/某物做某事”。故填t drag。
4．考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词是remained，所以设空处在句中作非谓语，hld与逻辑主语He之间是主动关系，表示“他坚信……”，应用现在分词形式。故填hlding。
5．考查冠词。设空前为动词gt，设空后utstanding scre为“形容词+名词”结构，由此可知设空处需用冠词；此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，又因utstanding的发音以元音音素开头，所以用冠词an。
6．考查副词。设空处修饰形容词difficult，应用副词作状语，表示“极其”。故填exceptinally。
7．考查名词。此处为固定用法earn sb. sth.，表示“使某人获得某物”，设空处应用名词作宾语。故填admissin。
8．考查定语从句或连词。可以理解为“他的成绩使他获得了清华大学的入学资格，随后他在该学校机械工程系开始了学习生涯”，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，故填where；也可以理解为“他的成绩使他获得了清华大学的入学资格”与“他在机械工程系开始了学习生涯”是并列关系，故填and。
9．考查状语从句的省略。此处表示“当他被采访时”，其完整结构为when he was interviewed，当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填interviewed。
10．考查介词。此处表示“凭借坚韧和希望”，应用介词with。
1.resilience n.快速恢复的能力，适应力 2.capture ne's heart 赢得某人的心，使某人倾心 3.initially adv.开始，最初，起初 4.persist v.顽强地坚持，执着地做；维持，保持；持续存在 5.live up t 达到，符合，不辜负（他人的期望） 6.brilliant adj.极为成功的；杰出的；聪颖的
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了清华大学精密仪器系博士生庞众望的励志故事。