2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 010-课时作业10 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 010-课时作业10 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS（教用），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，5分，共17，antique n，unavidably adv，favrable adj等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分值：47.5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分）
A
（2019·浙江，A）
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hbby. He finds ld military（军队的） medals fr sale in antique stres and n the Internet. But unlike mst cllectrs, Zac tracks dwn the medals' rightful wners, and returns them.
His effrt t reunite families with lst medals began with a Christmas gift frm his mther, a Purple Heart with the name Crrad A.G. Piccli, fund in an antique shp. Zac knws the meaning f a Purple Heart—he earned ne himself in a war as a sldier. S when his mther gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had t d.
Thrugh the Internet, Zac tracked dwn Crrad's sister Adeline Rckk. But when he finally reached her, the wman flded him with questins:“Wh are yu?What antique shp?” Hwever, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. S she called Zac back and aplgized. Sn she drve t meet Zac in Watertwn, N.Y. “At that pint, I knew she meant business,” Zac says. “T drive eight hurs t cme t see me.”
The Picclis grew up the children f Italian immigrants in Watertwn. Crrad, a translatr fr the Army during WWⅡ, was killed in actin in Eurpe.
Befre hearing frm Zac, Adeline hadn't realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the ne Zac's mther had fund was a family treasure. “This medal was very precius t my parents. Only n special ccasins（场合） wuld they take it ut and let us hld it in ur hands,” Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline culdn't understand why the medal was s significant. “But as I grew lder,” Adeline says, “and missed my brther mre and mre, I realized that was the nly thing we had left.” Crrad Piccli's Purple Heart medal nw hangs at the Italian American Civic Assciatin in Watertwn.
Zac recently returned anther lst medal t a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Crrad's medal, Zac says his recrd is nw 5 fr 5.
1．Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal fr himself?
A．In the army.B．In an antique shp.
C．Frm his mther.D．Frm Adeline Rckk.
2．What did Zac realize when Adeline drve t meet him?
A．She was very implite.B．She was serius abut the medal.
C．She suspected his hnesty.D．She came frm a wealthy family.
3．What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A．Her parents' advice.B．Her knwledge f antiques.
C．Her childhd dream.D．Her memry f her brther.
【答案】1．A
2．B
3．D
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he earned ne himself in a war as a sldier”可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了自己的紫心勋章。故A项正确。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘At that pint, I knew she meant business,’ Zac says. ‘T drive eight hurs t cme t see me.’”可知，Adeline为了那枚紫心勋章开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她很重视那枚勋章。故B项正确。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘But as I grew lder,’ Adeline says, ‘and missed my brther mre and mre, I realized that was the nly thing we had left.’”可知，这枚勋章寄托着Adeline对去世的哥哥的思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了，因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故D项正确。
1.antique n.古董，古物 2.track dwn 追查到
3.mean business 是认真的
1.fld 熟义：n.洪水 生义：v.（使）充斥，充满；挤满
2.actin 熟义：n.动作 生义：n.战斗，作战
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位获得过紫心勋章的老战士Zachariah Fike收集丢失的紫心勋章并物归原主的故事。
B
（2026·河北衡水一模）
Histry is ne f thse subjects that culd be endless if we had enugh time. There has always been an understanding that we learn histry t stp it frm being repeated, in a sense learning frm past mistakes.
Hwever, as we have discvered, this is nt entirely true. With the invasive （入侵的） and vilent events still in existence in many parts f the wrld, we can see that humanity has nt learnt frm its past. Histry shws itself t repeat and it is imprtant t learn histry t see these chatic repetitins. Histry is nt just abut strife—wars, revlutins, and struggles—but it is als a plitical and philsphical tpic.
A man named Peter Turchin has spent many years investigating hw we can use histry t ur wn benefit. In 2003 Turchin published his bk “Histrical Dynamics”. The bk demnstrates his wrkings in which he shws the secular （世俗的） state f France and Russia frm their rigins t the 18th century. Nt lng after his bk was published Turchin funded Clidynamics. Clidynamics wrks t shw the underlying patterns we can bserve in histry and mdel them in a way t make scientific estimates f hw the future may play ut. His use f mathematics has allwed scientists t develp a greater understanding f hw plitical settings may ccur r hw scieties will grw.
Of curse, it is simply impssible fr any histrian t predict the future, but by using this “big data” apprach, Turchin has allwed individuals t lcate patterns and use critical thinking t help make judgments abut what the future may hld. Turchin as well as many thers has used histry in an imprtant way t help future generatins.
As time passes, the databases will imprve, highlighting mre patterns and similarities, unavidably helping t make these predictins mre reliable. Culd this apprach t using data be the future f histry and wuld we as a sciety be able t shw the repetitins in humanity?
4．What des the underlined wrd “strife” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Reflectin.B．Cnclusin.C．Accunt.D．Cnflict.
5．What can be inferred frm Turchin's research?
A．It intends t reveal state rigins.
B．It jumps ut f histrical cycles.
C．It cnfirms histry's mirrr values.
D．It shws maths histry similarities.
6．Hw des Turchin's apprach benefit histrians?
A．By prviding first-hand data.
B．By helping predict future trends.
C．By ensuring precise future predictins.
D．By fueling insights int certain events.
7．What is the authr's attitude tward predicting the future?
A．Favrable.B．Objective.
C．Uncncerned.D．Oppsed.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．B
7．B
【解析】
4．词义猜测题。破折号起到了解释说明的作用，根据画线词后面的“wars, revlutins, and struggles”可知，这些词汇都带有“冲突、争斗”的含义，因此“strife”意为“冲突”，与cnflict意思相近。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“we learn histry t stp it frm being repeated, in a sense learning frm past mistakes”以及第三段中的“mdel them in a way t make scientific estimates f hw the future may play ut”可知，Turchin的研究通过分析历史模式为未来提供参考，本质上印证了“以史为鉴”的价值，即历史的借鉴作用。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Of curse, it is simply impssible fr any histrian t predict the future, but by using this ‘big data’ apprach, Turchin has allwed individuals t lcate patterns and use critical thinking t help make judgments abut what the future may hld.”可知，Turchin的方法通过分析历史模式帮助历史学家对未来趋势做出判断和预测。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Of curse, it is simply impssible fr any histrian t predict the future, but by using this ‘big data’ apprach, Turchin has allwed individuals t lcate patterns and use critical thinking t help make judgments abut what the future may hld.”可知，作者既客观指出“预测未来不可能”，又认可“大数据方法”对判断未来的帮助，态度中立客观。故选B。
1.in existence 存在 2.demnstrate v.证明，证实，论证，说明
3.estimate n.（对数量、成本等的）估计；估价 v.估价，估算
4.unavidably adv.不可避免地 5.cnflict n.冲突
6.favrable adj.肯定的，赞同的，支持的
1.mdel 熟义：n.模型；模特儿 生义：v.模拟，复制
2.fuel 熟义：n.燃料 生义：v.增加，加强，刺激
原句：Clidynamics wrks t shw the underlying patterns we can bserve in histry and mdel them in a way t make scientific estimates f hw the future may play ut.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主句主语为Clidynamics，谓语为wrks，t shw...作目的状语，其中we can bserve in histry是省略关系词that或which的定语从句，hw引导宾语从句。
译文：历史动力学致力于揭示我们在历史中能够观察到的潜在模式，并以一种能够对未来的走向做出科学预测的方式对其进行模拟。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习历史的意义、Peter Turchin的研究及历史大数据方法对未来的意义。
Ⅱ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
Viletta, 86, ran away frm her hmetwn when a war brke ut. She 1 t take her dg Tasha with her, but her effrts came t a 2 end, and they were frced t separate. Yesterday, the pair met again, thanks t the help f kind 3 wh have wrked tgether t 4 the dg 1,800 miles.
Viletta's family traveled t Ireland. Despite arriving 5 , the 86-year-ld culdn't help 6 her “best friend” Tasha. A lcal charity wrker, Debbie Deegan, wh helped the family t get t Ireland, made it her 7 t reunite the heartbrken pair.
She said, “Viletta was quite 8 abut the whle thing and by the time they gt t Rmania they weren't able t 9 the dg s they gave it t a Rmanian family. She was 10 . She tld me Tasha was her best friend.”
Debbie said, “We 11 a travel cmpany. 12 , they culd nly get her as far as the UK, s it tk ne last huge effrt t deliver her t Dublin.”
Then Debbie's friend, Jhn D'Arcy, frm Waterfrd, ffered t g t England t 13 Tasha. On Saturday, Jhn traveled with a friend by ship t England t get Tasha.
And yesterday, Debbie 14 the news n the Internet that Viletta and Tasha had 15 eventually—and the pair culdn't lk happier abut it.
1．A．failedB．hesitatedC．refusedD．decided
2．A．surprisingB．tearfulC．delightfulD．challenging
3．A．turistsB．familiesC．strangersD．wrkers
4．A．transprtB．driveC．walkD．accmpany
5．A．secretlyB．safelyC．hurriedlyD．effrtlessly
6．A．praisingB．cmfrtingC．prtectingD．recalling
7．A．missinB．rderC．careerD．hbby
8．A．curiusB．angryC．wrriedD．frightened
9．A．dminateB．identifyC．manageD．rescue
10．A．shckedB．sadC．crazyD．tuched
11．A．tk verB．set upC．cast ffD．turned t
12．A．HweverB．AnyhwC．TherefreD．Instead
13．A．adptB．trainC．cllectD．serve
14．A．pstedB．heardC．receivedD．cpied
15．A．disappearedB．sufferedC．arrivedD．reunited
【答案】1．D
2．B
3．C
4．A
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．C
9．C
10．B
11．D
12．A
13．C
14．A
15．D
【解析】
1．根据上文“ran away frm her hmetwn when a war brke ut”以及下文“but her effrts came t a 2 end, and they were frced t separate”可推测，战争爆发，Viletta决定（decided）带着狗Tasha一起逃离。
2．根据上文内容可知，Viletta决定带着Tasha一起逃离；而根据下文“they were frced t separate”可知，她并未如愿。由此可知，她的努力最终失败了，是一个令人伤心的（tearful）结局。
3．根据下文“A lcal charity wrker, Debbie Deegan, wh helped the family t get t Ireland”和“Then Debbie's friend, Jhn D' English t get Tasha.”可知，帮助Viletta的是陌生人（strangers）。
4．根据下文“it tk ne last huge effrt t deliver her t Dublin”以及“Jhn traveled with a friend by ship t England t get Tasha”可知，这只狗被运输了（transprt）1，800英里来与Viletta重聚。
5．根据下文“A lcal charity wrker, Debbie Deegan, wh helped the family t get t Ireland”可知，Viletta一家安全地（safely）抵达了目的地。
6．根据下文“She tld me Tasha was her best friend.”可知，Tasha是Viletta最好的朋友，因此这位老人总是会想起（recalling）自己的狗。
7．根据下文可知，Debbie做了很多努力才让Tasha和主人团聚，由此可知，Debbie把这件事当成了自己的使命（missin）。
8．根据下文“they weren't able t 9 the dg s they gave it t a Rmanian family”可知，Viletta一家将狗交给了一个罗马尼亚家庭，由此可判断，她对当时的局势感到很担忧（wrried）。
9．根据下文“they gave it t a Rmanian family”可知，Viletta一家在逃亡的路上，无法照顾（manage）狗，才将狗交给了一个罗马尼亚家庭。在此语境下，manage的意思可由“管理”的本义延伸为“照顾；应对”。
10．根据常识可知，Viletta与自己的狗（同时也是她最好的朋友）分离，她一定是非常难过的（sad）。
11．根据下文“they culd nly get her as far as the UK, s it tk ne last huge effrt t deliver her t Dublin”可判断，Debbie是向旅游公司求助（turned t）。
12．根据上文可知，Debbie向一家旅游公司求助；再根据下文“they culd nly get her as far as the UK”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。
13．根据下文“On Saturday, Jhn traveled with a friend by ship t England t get Tasha.”可知，Jhn前往英国接（cllect）Tasha。
14．根据空后的“the news n the Internet”可知，Debbie在网上发布了（psted）消息。
15．根据第一段“Yesterday, the pair met again”以及全文其他内容可知，Viletta和Tasha最终再次相聚了（reunited）。
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一个关于Viletta和她的狗Tasha因战争而分离后最终重逢的温馨故事。
Ⅲ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
（2026·福建厦门一中月考）
Fish lanterns, knwn as yudeng in Chinese, are vibrant flk-art pieces deeply rted in China's cultural heritage. 1. （riginate） frm ancient traditins, these lanterns symblize “abundance year after year”—a play 2. wrds, as the Chinese wrd fr “fish” sunds like “surplus”. Often 3. （shw） during festivals like Lunar New Year and Mid-Autumn Festival, they reflect peple's hpe fr prsperity and harmny.
Crafted frm bamb frames, silk, r clred paper, fish lanterns 4. （shape） int all kinds f creatures decrated with beautiful patterns. Traditinal versins use candles r il lamps, while mdern designs include LED lights fr safety.
In 5. （cast） regins like Fujian and Zhejiang, fish lantern dances are central t the ceremny 6. hnrs sea gds and celebrates harvests. Dancers hld glwing lanterns and mve in harmny, creating the illusin （错觉） f 7. cean f light.
Tday, fish lanterns elegantly bridge traditin and innvatin. 8. （artist） experiment with ec-friendly materials and digital prjectins, and schls and cmmunities teach crafting techniques 9. （preserve） this intangible heritage. Fish lanterns nt nly brighten festivals, bringing blessings f success and auspiciusness year after year, 10. carry frward China's rich cultural spirit. May their light cntinue t inspire and unite peple fr generatins t cme.
【答案】1．Originating
2．n
3．shwn
4．are shaped
5．castal
6．that/which
7．an
8．Artists
9．t preserve
10．but
【解析】
1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是symblize，riginate在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语these lanterns之间是主动关系，应用现在分词；句首单词首字母大写，故填Originating。
2．考查介词。此处为固定表达“a play n wrds”，意为“文字游戏；双关语”，故填n。
3．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是reflect，shw应用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语they（fish lanterns）之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填shwn。
4．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，shape是谓语动词，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，shape与主语fish lanterns之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语fish lanterns是复数，be动词应用are。故填are shaped。
5．考查形容词。空处修饰名词regins，应用形容词作定语，故填castal。
6．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，6. hnrs sea gds and celebrates harvests是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ceremny，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that或which。
7．考查冠词。结合句意“舞者手持发光的灯笼，和谐地舞动，营造出一片光的海洋的错觉”可知，此处泛指“一片光的海洋”，且cean发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
8．考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，结合谓语动词experiment可知，主语是复数形式；句首单词首字母大写。故填Artists。
9．考查非谓语动词。结合句意“艺术家们尝试使用环保材料和数字投影，学校和社区教授制作技巧，以保护这一非物质文化遗产”可知，此处需要用不定式作目的状语，故填t preserve。
10．考查连词。此处为固定结构“nt （als）...”，意为“不但……而且……”，故填but。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统文化中的鱼灯，包括其历史、制作材料、在不同节日和地区的展示，以及现代的创新和传承。