2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 005-课时作业5 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习突破练习 005-课时作业5 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（教用），共11页。试卷主要包含了5分，共17等内容，欢迎下载使用。
分值：45分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分）
A
（2025·广东广州三模联考）
Climate change culd have large impacts n fd prductin acrss the wrld. Rising temperatures might bst crp prductin in cld regins but negatively impact prductin in warmer areas. Wheat and rice—which benefit frm mre CO2in the atmsphere—culd see grwing utput, while crn and srghum（高粱） culd see a decline with warmer temperatures.
Farmers can adjust their practices t a warmer climate in fur key ways:
A recent study by experts mdeled three adaptatin methds—changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing bth f them. The chart belw shws their impact n the utput f crn, rice, srghum, sybean（大豆） and wheat.
These three adaptatin methds can already g sme way t relieving climate pressures in sme cuntries. But, f curse, we dn't nly care abut crp prductin at the glbal level. If farmers in particular regins—especially thse that are mst fd-insecure—cannt adapt t climate change, this is still a majr prblem. S there is mre we can d in the future.
1．What shuld farmers change if they are shrt f mney and labur?
A．WHAT.B．WHERE.C．WHEN.D．HOW.
2．Which crp may benefit mst if farmers plant imprved varieties?
A．Crn.B．Rice.C．Srghum.D．Wheat.
3．What shuld be dne in the future?
A．T help the farmers in need.B．T adpt the three methds.
C．T fcus n crp prductin.D．T mve t clder regins.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．A
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据思维导图的WHEN部分中的“Adjusting planting dates requires n additinal csts r wrk.”可知，调整种植日期无需额外投入成本或增加工作量，所以如果农民资金和劳动力短缺，可选择调整种植时间。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据思维导图WHAT部分中的“Farmers can change WHAT they a different variety f a specific crp.”以及柱状图中changing WHAT nly一栏可知，在仅改变作物品种的情况下，稻米（Rice）的产量增幅是最大的，为15%。故选B。
3．推理判断题。最后一段最后两句提到对无法适应气候变化、粮食生产最为不足的地区的农民，未来我们还可以做更多。所以未来应该帮助有需要的农民，特别是那些粮食生产最为不足的地区的农民。故选A。
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了气候变化对全球粮食生产造成的影响以及农民应对气候变暖的四种主要方式。
B
（2024·浙江1月，C）
On September 7, 1991, the cstliest hailstrm（雹暴） in Canadian histry hit Calgary's suthern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a grup f insurance cmpanies have spent abut ＄2 millin per year n the Alberta Hail Suppressin Prject. Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes. But farmers in east-central Alberta—dwnwind f the hail prject flights—wrry that precius misture（水分） is being stlen frm their thirsty land by the clud seeding.
Nrman Stienwand, wh farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings n this issue fr years. “Basically, the prvincial gvernment is letting the insurance cmpanies prtect the Calgary-Edmntn urban area frm hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drught risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail prject is managed by Terry Krauss, a clud physicist wh wrks fr Weather Mdificatin Inc. f Farg, Nrth Dakta. “We affect nly a very small percentage f the ttal misture in the air, s we cannt be causing drught,” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the misture dwnwind by creating wetter grund.”
One dubter abut the safety f clud seeding is Chuck Dswell, a research scientist wh just retired frm the University f Oklahma. “In 1999, I persnally saw significant trnades（龙卷风） frm frm a seeded strm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Dswell says. “Des clud seeding create killer strms r reduce misture dwnwind? N ne really knws, f curse, but the seeding ges n.”
Given the degree f dubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it wuld be wise t stp clud seeding.” In practice, dubt has had the ppsite effect. Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies. Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.
4．What des the prject aim t d?
A．Cnserve misture in the sil.
B．Prevent the frmatin f hailstnes.
C．Frecast disastrus hailstrms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
5．Wh are ppsed t the prject?
A．Farmers in east-central Alberta.
B．Managers f insurance cmpanies.
C．Prvincial gvernment fficials.
D．Residents f Calgary and Edmntn.
6．Why des Dr. Dswell mentin the trnades he saw in 1999?
A．T cmpare different kinds f seeding methds.
B．T illustrate the develpment f big hailstrms.
C．T indicate a pssible danger f clud seeding.
D．T shw the link between strms and misture.
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Scientific studies have prved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The dubt abut clud seeding has disappeared.
D．Clud-seeding cmpanies will cntinue t exist.
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．D
【解析】
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞机在阴沉沉的风暴体中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。因此这个计划的目标是防止冰雹的形成。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“但是，在艾伯塔省中东部——‘防雹计划’飞行区的顺风处的农民们担心，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干旱的土地上偷走。”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个计划。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，Dswell博士对该计划安全与否持怀疑态度。再结合引用的话“人工降雨会制造致命风暴还是减少顺风处的水分？当然，没有人真正知道，但是人工降雨还在继续。”可推断出，Dswell博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带来的危险。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段第三、四句可知，由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得对人工降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下继续进行。由此推知，人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D项。
原句：Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。befre引导时间状语从句，其前是主句部分。with短语作状语；t 是不定式作目的状语。
译文：飞机在阴沉沉的风暴体中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1991年9月7日，加拿大历史上损失最大的雹暴袭击了卡尔加里的南郊。为了解决这种灾难，一些科学家开始实施“防雹计划”。
Ⅱ.七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
（2026·湖南长沙月考）
The weather frecast calls fr a chance f thunderstrms, but yu can nly see a few white cluds verhead. 1 Yu spend a few minutes warming up and then wait. Is that thunder yu hear? Is that a lightning flash?
What d yu d? Keep playing until the thunder and lightning get clse? Or get in yur car and drive hme? Crrect answer: If n substantial, nn-cncrete shelter is nearby, get in yur car and wait ut the strm. Why?
2 Althugh the dds f being struck by lightning are less than 1 in a millin, sme factrs can put yu at greater risk. Lightning mst ften strikes peple wh wrk utside r engage in utdr recreatinal activities. 3 Flrida is cnsidered the “lightning capital” f the cuntry, with mre than 2,000 lightning injuries ver the past 50 years. Frm 2009 t 2018, lightning caused an average f 27 deaths per year in the United States. 4
●If the weather frecast calls fr thunderstrms, pstpne yur trip r activity.
●When thunder rlls, g indrs. Find a safe shelter, such as hmes, ffices, shpping centers, and hard-tp vehicles with the windws rlled up.
● 5 After yu see lightning, start cunting t 30. If yu hear thunder befre yu reach 30, g indrs. Suspend activities fr at least 30 minutes after the last clap f thunder.
A.Dn't frget the 30-30 rule.
B.Avid using electrnic equipment f all types.
C.S yu and yur tennis partner head fr the tennis curt.
D.Here are sme tips t reduce yur risk f being struck by lightning.
E.Reginal differences can als affect yur risk f being injured by lightning.
F.Perfrm the fllwing actins if yu are accidentally caught in an pen area.
G.Because being utside when lightning is present is nt smething t take lightly.
【答案】1．C
2．G
3．E
4．D
5．A
【解析】
1．设空上一句提到天气预报预测有可能发生雷暴，但你只看见一些云，设空下一句提到热身，应该是准备开始运动。故推测设空处与上句有因果关系，且引出下句内容。故C项“所以你和你的网球伙伴去了网球场”符合逻辑。其中S是关键词。故选C。
2．设空处上一段的最后一句提到了为什么上车等待，所以设空处应给出原因，与上段有因果关系。故G项“因为当闪电出现的时候待在外面不能掉以轻心”符合逻辑。其中Because是关键词。故选G。
3．设空下句举佛罗里达州的例子说明该地区是发生雷击最多的地方之一，所以设空处与下句有例证关系，应说明地区差异会对闪电伤害的风险有影响，且引出下文的例子，故E项“地区差异也会影响你被闪电击伤的风险”符合逻辑。故选E。
4．根据下文给的三条遇到雷暴天气如何做的建议可推知，设空处应能引起下文的建议，故D项“以下是一些能降低你被闪电击中的风险的建议”符合题意。其中Here、tips是关键词。故选D。
5．设空处为主旨句。根据下文解释了30-30的做法可推知，设空处应引出下文30-30的做法。故A项“不要忘记30-30法则”符合题意。故选A。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了遇到雷暴天气的正确做法。
Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）
（2025·四川成都二模）
I grew up in Pacific Palisades, ne f the Ls Angeles neighbrhds burned dwn by the wildfires. As a small twn, it was a 1 place since everyne gt n well.
But tday, it has been 2 the map. Nw I'm standing n a street where my favrite restaurant, Cafe Vida, nce std. It is 3 . Clsing my eyes, I culd list dzens f places that are 4 f my childhd and are n lnger here.
Fires were part f my childhd and there was always the 5 f them. But never had I 6 that there wuld be such a（n） 7 . And yet, that is what 8 happened.
While I am 9 the wildfires, my friends are texting, asking me t 10 if their hmes are still standing. As a jurnalist, n matter what events I'm reprting, I lve cnnecting with ther peple. This way, I feel smething 11 abut being here, in a place I knw s well, using the tls that I've learned in this jb t help 12 this stry. But it is als very emtinal, because yu dn't truly 13 the twn in the mment. In a way, ding this jb is part f my 14 experience fr the Pacific Palisades.
This is abut peple right nw. Everything is gne, but we're still here and we still have each ther, and that's what 15 is ging t be all abut.
1．A．ppularB．specialC．suitableD．lvely
2．A．hidden frmB．stuck tC．wiped ffD．added t
3．A．ldB．gneC．strangeD．lively
4．A．memriesB．dreamsC．pitiesD．remains
5．A．disappintmentB．fear
C．delightD．relief
6．A．rememberedB．imaginedC．admittedD．reminded
7．A．encunterB．campaignC．accidentD．disaster
8．A．exactlyB．eventuallyC．suddenlyD．usually
9．A．investigatingB．fightingC．cveringD．watching
10．A．checkB．guessC．determineD．tell
11．A．beautifulB．hpefulC．frighteningD．annying
12．A．witnessB．shareC．makeD．change
13．A．understandB．prtectC．recrdD．access
14．A．wrryingB．awkwardC．painfulD．bring
15．A．giving inB．sitting back
C．hlding nD．mving frward
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．B
4．A
5．B
6．B
7．D
8．A
9．C
10．A
11．A
12．B
13．D
14．C
15．D
【解析】
1．根据空后的“since everyne gt n well”可知，人们相处融洽，说明小镇氛围和谐美好，是个宜人的（lvely）地方。故选D。
2．第一段提到小镇被野火摧毁，意味着它在现实中已面目全非，所以如同被从地图上抹去（be wiped ff）。be hidden frm被隐藏；be stuck t被粘到……上；be added t被添加到。故选C。
3．根据空上句“Nw I'm standing n a street where my favrite restaurant, Cafe Vida, nce std.”可知，作者站在曾经餐厅所在的街道，说明餐厅现在已不复存在（gne）。故选B。
4．上文描述作者对小镇曾经场景的怀念，结合空后的“my childhd”可知，这些地方是作者童年生活的一部分，代表着童年回忆（memry）。故选A。
5．根据空前的“Fires were part f my childhd”及常识可知，野火具有破坏性，会带来损失，所以人们自然会对火灾有恐惧（fear）。故选B。
6．下文描述了野火造成小镇被烧毁的严重后果，这种程度的灾难是作者之前没有想象得到的（imagine）。故选B。
7．根据第一段提到小镇被野火烧毁可推知，这是一场严重的灾难（disaster）。故选D。
8．根据第一段提到的“ f the Ls Angeles neighbrhds burned dwn by the wildfires.”可知，灾难确实（exactly）发生了。故选A。
9．根据空下句“As a jurnalist”表明了作者的职业，而记者的工作是报道事件，所以这里是在报道（cver）野火事件。故选C。
10．根据空后的“if their hmes are still standing”可知，朋友们想知道自己家的情况，所以让身处现场报道的作者去查看（check）。故选A。
11．根据空前后内容可知，作者利用自己的职业技能，在熟悉的家乡为大家分享故事，这种行为和情感体验让作者觉得美好（beautiful）。故选A。
12．根据上文“As a jurnalist, n matter what events I'm reprting”可知，作者作为记者，其职责是将野火事件的情况通过自己的报道分享（share）给大家。故选B。
13．上文描述作者在报道时既有工作的理性又有对家乡的情感，说明此时作者还没有完全进入（access）面对家乡灾难那种感同身受的状态。故选D。
14．上文提到家乡被野火摧毁，作者对那些熟悉地方的消失感到痛心，所以说这是一段痛苦的（painful）经历。故选C。
15．根据空前的“Everything is gne, but we're still here and we still have each ther”可知，虽然遭受灾难，但人们要振作起来，继续前进（mve frward）。give in 屈服； sit back 袖手旁观； hld n 坚持。故选D。
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了被野火烧毁的家乡，表达了对童年记忆的怀念和对灾难的感慨，同时强调了人们团结前行的意义。