2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 005-必修 第一册-UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（教用）

这是一份2027年高考英语人教版一轮复习教材单元复习练习 005-必修 第一册-UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（教用），共11页。
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
（主题：人与自然——自然灾害）
教材回顾·自主学习
Strange things had happened befre the Tangshan earthquake brke ut. The well walls had deep cracks. Sme 1. （smell） gas came ut f them. Animals were t nervus 2. （eat）. At 3:42 a.m., n 28 July, 1976, everything began t shake. It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end. Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the 3. （deadly） earthquakes f the 20th century had begun, a quake 4. even caused damage mre than 150 kilmetres away in Beijing. Hard hills f rck became rivers f dirt. In less than ne minute, the whle city lay 5. ruins. Tw thirds f the peple were dead r injured. Nearly everything in the city 6. （destry）. Peple were7. （shck） at this and wndered hw lng the disaster wuld last. The army rganized teams t dig ut thse wh 8. （trap） and t bury the dead. Wrkers built shelters fr 9. （survivr）. Fresh water was taken t the city. Slwly, the city began 10. （breathe） again. With strng supprt frm the gvernment and the tireless effrts f the city's peple, a new Tangshan was built upn the earthquake ruins.
[答案]
1．smelly
2．t eat
3．mst deadly
4．that
5．in
6．was destryed
7．shcked
8．were trapped
9．survivrs
10．t breathe
词句精讲·核心突破
1 shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.（使）震惊→shcked adj.吃惊的，震惊的 shcking adj.惊人的
·in shck 吃惊地，震惊地；处于休克状态
be a shck t... 对……而言是一件令人震惊的事
cme as a shck 令人震惊
·be shcked at/by sth. 对某事感到震惊
be shcked t d sth. 因做某事而感到震惊
① The unexpected typhn tearing dwn trees and damaging rfs was _ _ _ _ shck t the twn that rarely saw such fierce strms.
[答案]a
② All the peple present at the meeting felt _ _ _ _ _ _ at the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ decisin annunced by the headmaster.（shck）
[答案]shcked； shcking
③ 村民们震惊地发现河流在一夜之间淹没了他们的田地。
Villagers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the river had flded their field vernight.
[答案]were shcked t see
④ 当我们走访这个贫穷的村子时，教室的条件让我们震惊不已。
We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when we visited the pr village.
[答案]were shcked at/by the cnditins f the classrms
2 bury vt.埋葬；安葬；覆盖；遮盖
·bury sth. in 把某物埋在……
buryneselfinbeburiedin 埋头于，专心于
bury ne's face in ne's hands 某人双手掩面
·联想 表示“专心，致力于”的短语还有fcus n、be devted t、be lst in、fix ne's attentin n、be absrbed/engaged in等。
① She sat n the ld bench, buried _ _ _ _ thught, while the wind gently blew the fallen leaves acrss the quiet path.
[答案]in
② The student was writing the cmpsitin with his inspiratin _ _ _ _ _ _ （bury） in the beautiful scenery f the campus.
[答案]buried
③ 我每天专心读英文报纸并获得了许多有用的知识。
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ every day, and I have gained lts f useful knwledge.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ every day, I have gained lts f useful knwledge.（过去分词短语作状语）
[答案]I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper； Buried in reading the English newspaper
④ 当她最好的朋友和她吵架时，她双手掩面，哭了起来。（动作、情绪描写）
When her best friend had a quarrel with her, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and cried.
[答案]she buried her face in her hands
3 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦→suffering n.（肉体或精神上的）痛苦，苦难，折磨；［pl.］苦恼，痛苦 sufferer n.患者；受难者
·suffer frm 受……折磨；患……病
suffer pains/defeats/hardships 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难
·提醒 suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”；suffer用作不及物动词，后常接frm，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
① The small twn suffered _ _ _ _ terrible flds last year, which destryed many hmes, but the peple bravely rebuilt their lives tgether.
[答案]frm
② The smiles n their faces have deeply tuched me and inspired me t devte my life t helping thse _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （suffer） pains.
[答案]suffering
③ After they had suffered such a great lss in the earthquake, they gt help frm all ver the cuntry.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the earthquake, they gt help frm all ver the cuntry.（现在分词短语作状语）
[答案]Having suffered such a great lss
④ 生活中的艰辛带给我们的不是苦难，而是一种鼓舞。（主旨升华）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , but a kind f inspiratin.（what引导主语从句）
[答案]What the hardships in life bring us are nt sufferings
4 supply n.供应（量）；补给；［pl.］补给品 vt.供应；供给
·supply sth. t sb.=supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
·be in shrt supply 供应短缺
a large supply f/large supplies f 大量的……供应
·联想 其他表示“向某人提供某物”的短语:
prvide sb. with sth.=prvide sth. fr sb.
ffer sb. sth.=ffer sth. t sb.
① Clean drinking water is _ _ _ _ shrt supply in sme develping cuntries, leading t varius health prblems amng the lcal ppulatin.
[答案]in
② 孩子们喜欢聚集在这位老妇人周围,她似乎有许多童话故事。
Children liked t gather arund the ld wman, wh seemed t have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]a large supply f/large supplies f fairy tales
③ 政府计划为幸存者提供生活用品和温暖关怀，让他们感受到爱并鼓起勇气重建家园。
→The gvernment _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,making them feel lve and build up the curage t rebuild their hmes.（supply sth. t sb.）
→The gvernment _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,making them feel lve and build up the curage t rebuild their hmes.（supply sb. with sth.）
[答案]plans t supply daily necessities and warm care t survivrs； plans t supply survivrs with daily necessities and warm care
5 survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存，艰难度过；比……活的时间长→survivr n.幸存者 survival n.幸存;残存物
·survive n 靠……存活/生存
survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来
A survive（s） B by... A比B活的时间长……
·提醒 survive表示“幸存;艰难度过”时为及物动词,其后不用加in或frm。
① The brave _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （survive） managed t survive _ _ _ _ limited supplies.
[答案]survivr； n
② 毫无疑问，没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。
There is n dubt that withut the ceans, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , including humans.
[答案]n living things wuld survive
③ 这场发生在家乡的灾难教会我，家人的爱可以帮助我们渡过难关。（主旨升华）
The disaster that happened in my hmetwn has taught me that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]lve f family can help us survive great hardships
6 effect n.影响；结果；效果→effective adj.有效的，产生预期结果的；生效的，起作用的 effectively adv.有效地；实际上，事实上
·take/cme int effect 生效；开始实施
have an effect/impact/influence n 对……产生影响
effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
in effect 实际上;有效
side effect n.副作用
① If the new security system had been put _ _ _ _ effect, such accidents wuld never have happened.
[答案]int
② T cmpete mre _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （effective） with thers, mre and mre peple equip themselves with a higher educatin.
[答案]effectively
③ 微小的善举将对幸存者的心灵产生重大影响，帮助他们在灾难后重燃希望。
Small acts f kindness _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , helping them rebuild hpe after the disaster.
[答案]will have a great effect/influence/impact n survivrs' hearts
④ 新的安全措施终于生效了，更坚固的房屋逐渐重现，绿树也再次出现在村庄各处。
New safety measures _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , with strnger huses gradually returning and green trees appearing acrss the village again.
[答案]finally tk/came int effect
7 Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat, and dgs refused t g inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，无法进食，而狗拒绝进入建筑物内。
句型公式： 太……以至于不能……
·nt/never 并不太……所以能……；不太……可以……
·在结构中，若t后为表示“乐意、愿意、容易”等意义的形容词，如 eager、satisfied、willing、easy、glad、pleased、ready等，t表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。
① Althugh I was s yung that I culdn't understand the meaning f the film, I remember my family were mved t tears.
→Althugh I was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the meaning f the film, I remember my family were mved t tears.（）
[答案]t yung t understand
② 我们非常高兴能加入学校的艺术俱乐部。这给了我们一个展示才华的机会。
We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which gave us a chance t shw ur talents.
[答案]were t pleased t jin the schl's art club
③ 对于我们来说，开始学习新事物并每天提升自己，永远都不算晚。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]It is never t late fr us t start learning new things and imprving urselves every day.
8 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始进入屋内。
句型公式：sb. be ding sth. when... 某人正在做某事，这时……
·教材原句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还常用于以下句型：
be n the pint f 刚要做……这时……
be abut t 正要做……这时……
had just 刚做完……这时……
·提醒 在本句型中when不可以换成while。
① He was n the pint f entering the rm when he heard a strange nise.
→He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when he heard a strange nise.
[答案]was abut t enter the rm
② 村民们刚抵达安全地带，山洪突然倾泻而下。
The villagers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when fld water suddenly pured dwn the muntain.
[答案]had just reached the safety
③ 上周六下午，我正在房间里读故事书，这时我最好的朋友打电话叫我去散步。
Last Saturday afternn, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when my best friend called me t g fr a walk.
[答案]I was reading a strybk in my rm
基础达标·巩固训练
一、核心知识训练
1．[2025·全国一]Whle neighburhds _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （destry） t make way fr new rad netwrks and kids had t play elsewhere.
[答案]were destryed
2．[2025·全国一改编]“The way they demnstrated hw micrplastics _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （trap） thrugh the biling prcess was nice,” Carline Gauchtte-Lindsay tells New Scientist.
[答案]were trapped
3．[2025·全国一]Many parents say there's t much traffic n the rads fr their children _ _ _ _ _ _ （walk） safely t schl, s they pack them int the car instead.
[答案]t walk
4．[2025·全国二]I realized that if I didn't stp, the entire lecture wuld _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （ruin）.
[答案]be ruined
5．[2025·浙江1月]Building _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （effect） cmmunicatin skills takes time, but the effects are wrth the effrt.
[答案]effective
6．[2025·北京]In my defence, I did what we've all dne befre, which is t repeat received _ _ _ _ _ _ （wise） withut explring the nuances（细微差别）.
[答案]wisdm
7．[2024·新课标Ⅰ]He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ag when he suffered _ _ _ _ terrible back pain.
[答案]frm
8．[2024·浙江1月]But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait fr my wife _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （rescue） me.
[答案]t rescue
9．[2024·浙江1月]In her first P.E. class, Eva was _ _ _ _ _ _ （shck） when Cach Pitt annunced that everyne had t run ne mile arund the track utside.
[答案]shcked
10．[2023·新课标Ⅱ]Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect _ _ _ _ Jaramill's special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues.
[答案]n
11．[2023·浙江1月]I was standing by the car _ _ _ _ a hummingbird flew t the center f ur grup and began hvering.
[答案]when
12．[2021·全国甲]The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （survive） China's lng histry.
[答案]has survived
13．[2021·全国乙]Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （supply） by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites.
[答案]supplied
14．It is certain that peple's views n happiness _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （affect） greatly by their wn life experiences.
[答案]are affected
二、一词多义/熟词生义
1．从方框中选择下列句子中加黑词汇的汉语意思。
（1） deliver
① [2025·浙江1月]There's n value in delivering any kind f cmmunicatin, whether written, spken, frmal, r infrmal, if the message desn't cme acrss clearly._ _ _ _
② [2024·新课标Ⅰ]I bught a desk and asked fr it t be delivered t my huse this Friday._ _ _ _
③ After the terrible earthquake, the mayr delivered an imprtant speech t cmfrt victims and explain the city's emergency plan._ _ _ _
④ During the severe fld, a dctr successfully delivered a healthy baby in a small bat, even withut electricity._ _ _ _
⑤ Only educatin can deliver peple frm misery._ _ _ _
⑥ She delivered healthy twin girls early this mrning._ _ _ _
（2） affect
① [2025·全国二]These effects aren't just shrt-term but have been prved t affect a teen's well-being in the years t cme._ _ _ _
② That bad cld has seriusly affected his hearing, and he can't even hear the teacher clearly in class._ _ _ _
③ Althugh frightened by the earthquake, the mther affected a calm vice t cmfrt her crying child until help arrived._ _ _ _
④ The bravery f the rescue wrkers helping thers in danger affected the yung by deeply._ _ _ _
（3） strike
① Her simple act f kindness did strike me deeply when I first met her in the schl library last winter._ _ _ _
② During the strm, strng winds blew a tree branch which struck the rf f the emergency shelter, making a lud nise that surprised everyne inside._ _ _ _
③ A pwerful earthquake struck the city at night withut warning, causing widespread damage and leaving many peple hmeless._ _ _ _
④ The church clck began t strike twelve._ _ _ _
⑤ The airline emplyees went n strike, threatening t cause chas during the hliday seasn._ _ _ _
⑥ The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately._ _ _ _
⑦ As she gazed at the sunset, it struck her that life was full f beautiful mments waiting t be discvered._ _ _ _
[答案]
① E
② A
③ C
④ B
⑤ D
⑥ F
（2） ① B
② A
③ D
④ C
（3） ① A
② F
③ D
④ E
⑤ C
⑥ G
⑦ B
2．阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思。
① He claimed ＄7,000 damages frm the taxi cmpany._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
② She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck._ _ _ _ _ _
③ The cncert venue was flded with music lvers, all waiting excitedly fr the perfrmance t start._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]
① n.损害赔偿金
② n.休克
③ v.大量送至，挤满
写作提能·综合运用
一、应用文写作（自然灾害，投稿）
假定你是李华，请你给某英文报刊“人与自然”专栏写一篇与自然灾害有关的短文。内容包括：
（1）描述自然灾害的现象和后果；
（2）分析自然灾害频发的原因；
（3）发出号召。
As we all knw, natural disasters, such as earthquakes, sandstrms, flds and s n, 1. （对人们造成了极大的伤害）.Thus, cuntless huses are in ruins, and 2. （数百万人遭受巨大的经济损失）.
There are several reasns fr these disasters. The quick ppulatin grwth has a bad effect n nature, since 3. （这意味着对供应的需求更高）.What's mre, peple lack the cnsciusness f envirnmental prtectin, 4. （使他们失去了应对突发事件的能力）.
In my pinin, we are suppsed t make every effrt t keep a balance between humans and nature.5. （只有这样，我们人类才能生存）.
[答案]
1．cause great damage t humans
2．millins f peple suffer great ecnmic lsses
3．it means higher demands fr supplies
4．making them lse the ability t deal with emergencies
5．Only in this way can we humans survive
二、读后续写
情感描写之“孤独、无助”
[答案]felt extremely islated； felt helpless and cmpletely abandned； were left all alne； experiencing a wave f lneliness； were all alneA.v.递送 B.v.接生 C.v.发表（演说等） D.v.解救；使摆脱 E.v.传达 F.v.分娩；生孩子
A.v.（疾病）侵袭 B.v.影响 C.v.（感情上）深深打动 D.v.假装
A.vt.打动 B.vt.使突然想起 C.n.罢工 D.v.（灾难、疾病等）袭击 E.v.敲（钟） F.vt.撞击 G.vt.划（火柴）
语料积累
lnely adj.孤独的，寂寞的→lneliness n.孤独，寂寞
islated adj.孤立的，孤独的
abandned adj.被遗弃的 helpless adj.无助的
be all alne 独自一人 be left alne 被独自留下
a wave f lneliness 一阵孤独
语料运用
When the earthquake struck, many 1._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （感到极其孤独）.Survivrs buried under cllapsed buildings 2._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （感到无助且完全被遗弃）.Children wh lst their parents 3._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （被独自留下）,4._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （经历一阵孤独感）. Sme survivrs were t weak t cry ut fr help. The feeling f lneliness in the ruins was verwhelming, especially fr thse wh 5._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （独自一人）and cut ff frm the wrld.