2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题1　阅读理解　类型2　体裁破解　第5讲　新闻报道（含解析）

这是一份2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题1　阅读理解　类型2　体裁破解　第5讲　新闻报道（含解析），共10页。学案主要包含了解题示范，语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
新闻报道一般突出新闻性，作者要避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时，趣味可读，时效性强。第一句往往为全文的中心句，下文要叙述事件的过程和细节。新闻报道的一些常用语包括：It is reprted that...，As is reprted...，Accrding t the reprt...，It is estimated that...等，时态一般用过去时，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。
●辨明题类
新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素及各方反应，很少探究事件背后的原因。因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节，题型主要为观点推断题、考查语篇衔接、推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容或主旨归纳题。
●技法点拨
1．研读导语：首段通常是导语，说明文章的中心人物或事件，即文章的主题。
2．直击题干：判断题目类型，找出定位词。
3．定位信息：根据定位词，在原文中找出关键句，对照选项确定答案。
●真题体验
(2023·浙江1月卷·阅读理解C)
A machine can nw nt nly beat yu at chess, it can als utperfrm yu in debate.Last week, in a public debate in San Francisc, a sftware prgram called Prject Debater beat its human ppnents, including Na Ovadia, Israel's frmer natinal debating champin.
Brilliant thugh it is, Prject Debater has sme weaknesses.It takes sentences frm its library f dcuments and prebuilt arguments and strings them tgether.This can lead t the kinds f errrs n human wuld make.Such wrinkles will n dubt be irned ut, yet they als pint t a fundamental prblem.As Kristian Hammnd, prfessr f electrical engineering and cmputer science at Nrthwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knws what it's talking abut.”
What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines.A cmputer wrks with symbls.Its prgram specifies a set f rules t transfrm ne string f symbls int anther.But it des nt specify what thse symbls mean.Indeed, t a cmputer, meaning is irrelevant.Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, als wrk with symbls.But fr humans, meaning is everything.When we cmmunicate, we cmmunicate meaning.What matters is nt just the utside f a string f symbls, but the inside t, nt just hw they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges thrugh a prcess f scial interactin, nt f cmputatin, interactin that shapes the cntent f the symbls in ur heads.The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins.It is this that distinguishes humans frm machines.And that's why, hwever astnishing Prject Debater may seem, the traditin that began with Scrates and Cnfucius will nt end with artificial intelligence.
28．Why des the authr mentin Na Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A．T explain the use f a sftware prgram.
B．T shw the cleverness f Prject Debater.
C．T intrduce the designer f Prject Debater.
D．T emphasize the fairness f the cmpetitin.
29．What des the underlined wrd “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Arguments. B．Dubts.
C．Errrs. D．Differences.
30．What is Prject Debater unable t d accrding t Hammnd?
A．Create rules. B．Cmprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently. D．Identify difficult wrds.
31．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Scial interactin is key t understanding symbls.
B．The human brain has ptential yet t be develped.
C．Ancient philsphers set gd examples fr debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【解题示范】 第一步：浏览全文，把握主旨大意：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Prject Debater的软件程序。
第二步：细审题干，定位原文：
第28小题：根据题干主要信息，定位第一段。
第29小题：根据题干主要信息，定位第二段。
第30小题：根据题干主要信息，定位倒数第二段。
第31小题：根据题干主要信息，定位最后一段。
第三步：仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。
在文中找到信息区间后，再仔细对比各选项，确定答案。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisc, a sftware prgram called Prject Debater beat its human ppnents, including Na Ovadia, Israel's frmer natinal debating champin.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Prject Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Na Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Na Ovadia的目的是展示Prject Debater的聪明。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Brilliant thugh it is, Prject Debater has sme weaknesses.It takes sentences frm its library f dcuments and prebuilt arguments and strings them tgether.This can lead t the kinds f errrs n human wuld make.(尽管Prject Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will n dubt be irned ut(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，画线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What Hammnd is referring t is the questin f meaning, and meaning is central t what distinguishes the least intelligent f humans frm the mst intelligent f machines.A cmputer wrks with symbls.Its prgram specifies a set f rules t transfrm ne string f symbls int anther.But it des nt specify what thse symbls mean.Indeed, t a cmputer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammnd所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammnd的说法，Prject Debater不能理解意义。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meaning emerges thrugh a prcess f scial interactin, nt f cmputatin, interactin that shapes the cntent f the symbls in ur heads.The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于外面，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
A
(2025·浙江省衢州、丽水、湖州三地市高三二模)
As the prverb says, a straw shws which way the wind blws.A new study published by the fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin (CDC) shws that the H5N1 bird flu virus is prbably circulating undetected in dmestic animals in many parts f the cuntry and may be infecting unaware vets(兽医)．
In the health agency's Mrbidity and Mrtality Weekly Reprt, a grup f researchers frm the CDC, the Ohi Department f Health and the American Assciatin f Bvine Practitiners reprted the results f analysis they cnducted n 150 cw vets frm 46 states and Canada.They fund that three f them had antibdies fr the H5N1 bird flu virus in their bld.Hwever, nne f the infected vets recalled having any symptms, including cnjunctivitis, r pink eye, the mst cmmnly reprted symptm in human cases.
Seema Lakdawala, a micrbilgist at Emry University in Atlanta, wh was nt invlved in the research, said she was surprised that nly 2% f the vets surveyed tested psitive fr the antibdies, cnsidering anther CDC study shwed that 17% f dairy wrkers sampled had been infected.But she said she was even mre surprised that nne f them had knwn they were infected r that they had wrked with infected animals.
“These surprising results indicate that serum surveillance(血清检测) studies are imprtant t infrm risk f infectins that are ging unnticed，” she said.“Vets are n the frnt line f the utbreak, and increased bisafety practices like respiratry and eye prtectin shuld reduce their expsure risk.”
Jennifer Nuzz, directr f the Pandemic Center at Brwn University, described the study as “gd and bad news study”．“On the ne hand, we see cncerning evidence that there may be mre H5N1 utbreaks n farms than being reprted，” she said, “On the ther hand, I'm reassured that there isn't evidence that infectins amng vets have been widespread.”
Hwever, Jhn Krslund, a f Agriculture scientist, said that finding H5N1 antibdies in the bld f vets was an “interesting but very imprecise way t measure state cattle incidence, s we need fllw-up study”．
1．Why is the prverb in paragraph l mentined?
A．T describe a fact. B．T intrduce the study.
C．T explain an issue. D．T present an pinin.
2．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．The findings f the analysis. B．The symptms f the vets.
C．The causes f H5N1 bird flu. D．The basic lgic f the study.
3．What surprised Seema Lakdawala the mst?
A．The infected vets' unawareness f the issue.
B．The 17% infectin rate amng dairy wrkers.
C．The high number f psitive test results in vets.
D．The risk f unrecgnized infectins in cws and vets.
4．What aspect shuld be imprved in the fllw-up study?
A．The size f the tested grup. B．The individual samples.
C．The data analysis prcedure. D．The measuring methd.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了CDC研究发现，H5N1禽流感病毒可能在未被发现的情况下传播。
1．B 写作意图题。根据第一段中“A new study published by the fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin (CDC) shws that the H5N1 bird flu virus is prbably circulating undetected in dmestic animals in many parts f the cuntry and may be infecting unaware vets(兽医)．”可知，第一段提到谚语是为了引出这项关于H5N1禽流感病毒的研究。
2．A 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要介绍了这项分析的研究结果。
3．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But she said she was even mre surprised that nne f them had knwn they were infected r that they had wrked with infected animals.”可知，让Seema Lakdawala最惊讶的是被感染的兽医没有意识到这个问题。
4．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hwever, Jhn Krslund, a f Agriculture scientist, said that finding H5N1 antibdies in the bld f vets was an ‘interesting but very imprecise way t measure state cattle incidence, s we need fllw-up study’．”可知，后续研究应改进的是测量方法。
B
(2025·重庆市九龙坡区高三二模)
A new study f lunar samples cllected by China's Chang'e-6 missin has cnfirmed that the mn was nce cvered by “magma(岩浆) cean” in its early stages.This discvery prvides imprtant evidence fr understanding the mn's rigin and evlutin(进化)．
The study, led by a team frm the China Natinal Space Administratin (CNSA), was published in the jurnal Science.In 2024, Chang'e-6 successfully cllected 1,935.3 grams f lunar material frm the far side f the mn, marking the first time humans have btained samples frm this regin.
Researchers analyzed basalt, a type f vlcanic rck, frm the samples and fund that the cmpsitin f basalt n the far side is similar t that n the near side.The basalt is abut 2.82 billin years ld, supprting the lunar magma cean mdel.This mdel suggests that the mn was nce entirely melted, frming a glbal magma cean.As it cled, lighter minerals rse t frm the mn's surface, while heavier minerals sank t frm the cvering layers.
The study als revealed that the impact that created the Suth Ple-Aitken (SPA) Basin, the mn's largest and ldest basin, may have changed the mn's early layers.Additinally, the lead istpe(同位素) paths in basalt frm the far and near sides are different, indicating that different parts f the mn gradually changed and develped int different frms after the magma cean cled.
The research team plans t further study the mn's early impact histry and hpes t find materials frm the mn's layers.Understanding the mn's past can als help scientists learn mre abut Earth's early histry, which must have been cnnected with the earth's layer activities.
CNSA emphasized its cmmitment t advancing lunar research and sharing findings with the internatinal cmmunity.This study nt nly deepens ur understanding f the mn but als pens new pssibilities fr explring the slar system's histry.
5．What is the main fcus f the study?
A．Earth's rigin. B．Mn's histry.
C．Mn's minerals. D．Slar system frmatin.
6．What is the significance f Chang'e-6's finding in 2024?
A．It first witnessed humans cllected lunar samples.
B．It initially discvered the rigin f the mn clearly.
C．It prved the existence f “magma cean” n the mn.
D．It cnfirmed the impact f the Suth Ple-Aitken Basin.
7．What is the research team likely t d next?
A．T deepen understanding the mn's past.
B．T find materials frm the earth's layers.
C．T reveal the quick shift f slar system.
D．T analyze the histry f “magma cean”．
8．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Chang'e-6：A Successful Lunar Missin
B．Lunar Magma Ocean：A New Discvery
C．The Evlutin f the Mn：A Cmprehensive Study
D．Lunar Samples：Unlcking the Secrets f the Slar System
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国嫦娥六号任务采集的月球样本研究，证实了月球早期存在“岩浆海洋”。
5．B 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study f lunar samples cllected by China's Chang'e-6 missin has cnfirmed that the mn was nce cvered by ‘magma(岩浆) cean’ in its early stages.This discvery prvides imprtant evidence fr understanding the mn's rigin and evlutin(进化)．”可知，研究的主要焦点是月球的历史。
6．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study f lunar samples cllected by China's Chang'e-6 missin has cnfirmed that the mn was nce cvered by ‘magma(岩浆) cean’ in its early stages.”可知，嫦娥六号2024年的发现证明了月球上“岩浆海洋”的存在。
7．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The research team plans t further study the mn's early impact histry and hpes t find materials frm the mn's layers.”可知，研究团队接下来可能会研究月球早期的撞击历史，加深对月球过去的理解。
8．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“A new study f lunar samples cllected by China's Chang'e-6 missin has cnfirmed that the mn was nce cvered by ‘magma(岩浆) cean’ in its early stages.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于月球“岩浆海洋”的新发现，因此最好的标题是“月球岩浆海洋：一项新发现”。
C
(2025·安徽省“江南十校”高三一模)
A Dutch museum has recvered an artwrk that lks like tw empty beer cans after a staff member accidentally threw it in the rubbish bin.
The wrk, entitled All the Gd Times We Spent Tgether by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears n first glance t be tw abandned and dented(瘪的) beer tins.Hwever, a clser lk shws they are carefully hand-painted and required a lt f time and effrt t create.Their artistic value was lst n a mechanic, wh saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin.The curatr(馆长) Elisah van den Bergh returned frm a shrt break and nticed the cans had disappeared.She recvered them frm a bin bag just as they were abut t be thrwn ut.
Frukje Budding, f the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artwrks were ften left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift.“We try t surprise visitrs fr all the time，” she said.“We have nw put the wrk in a mre traditinal place n a plinth(底座) s it can rest after its adventure.” She stressed there were n hard feelings twards the mechanic, wh had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply perfrming his duties.
Sietske van Zanten, the museum's directr, emphasized the museum's missin t encurage visitrs t see everyday bjects in a new light.“By displaying artwrks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitrs n their tes，” he added.
Budding als nted the cans were unlikely t stay n their traditinal plinth fr lng and that they needed t think hard abut a careful place t put them next.
9．Why did the mechanic thrw the artwrk in the rubbish bin?
A．Because it std in the way.
B．Because it tk much space.
C．Because it lked like real trash.
D．Because it lked strange in the lift.
10．What was Budding's attitude tward the mechanic's behavir?
A．Understanding. B．Cncerned.
C．Critical. D．Unfrgiving.
11．What des the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Make visitrs ready fr surprises. B．Remind visitrs f dangers.
C．Warn visitrs nt t litter. D．Shw visitrs arund the museum.
12．What might happen t the artwrk in the future?
A．It will be kept in a safe. B．It will be put in a selected place.
C．It will be sent back t the lift. D．It will be placed in a traditinal setting.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述荷兰某博物馆一件形似两个空啤酒罐的艺术品被误当垃圾丢弃，后经找回并重新考虑其展示位置的故事。同时介绍了博物馆在艺术品展示方面的理念。
9．C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The wrk, entitled All the Gd Times We Spent Tgether by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears n first glance t be tw abandned and dented (瘪的) beer tins.Hwever, a clser lk shws they are carefully hand-painted and required a lt f time and effrt t create.Their artistic value was lst n a mechanic, wh saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin.”可知，法国艺术家 Alexandre Lavet 的这件作品乍一看像是两个被遗弃且瘪掉的啤酒罐，机械师没有意识到其艺术价值，所以把它当作垃圾扔掉了。也就是说，机械师把艺术品扔进垃圾桶是因为它看起来像真正的垃圾。
10．A 观点态度题。根据第三段中“Frukje Budding, f the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artwrks were ften left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift.”和“She stressed there were n hard feelings twards the mechanic, wh had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply perfrming his duties.”可知，Budding 强调对刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责，即他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶。由此可以推断出，Budding 对机械师的行为持理解的态度。
11．A 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Sietske van Zanten, the museum's directr, emphasized the museum's missin t encurage visitrs t see everyday bjects in a new light.‘By displaying artwrks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitrs n their tes，’ he added.”可知，博物馆馆长Sietske van Zanten强调博物馆的使命是鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品，通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品来增强这种体验。该短语意思是让游客为可能出现的惊喜做好准备，时刻保持期待和警觉。
12．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Budding als nted the cans were unlikely t stay n their traditinal plinth fr lng and that they needed t think hard abut a careful place t put them next.”可知，Budding 指出这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，并且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方。
D
(2025·黑龙江省示范性高中专业委员会高三一模)
In the muntainus regins f Nepal, 34-year-ld Dr.Anika Gurung has transfrmed healthcare delivery thrugh her “Slar Health Backpack” initiative.Hnred with the 2023 Internatinal Medical Innvatin Award, Gurung's missin sparked at age 25 when she treated a child dying frm preventable pneumnia(肺炎) during a strm.“N life shuld fade fr lack f a thermmeter.” she vwed.
Her slutin？Backpacks equipped with slar-pwered diagnstic tls (prtable ECG) and medicines, carried by trained villagers t inaccessible settlements.
Since its 2019 launch, these mbile units carried by lcally trained “muntain dctrs” have navigated muntain trails and clear streams t reach 237 settlements acrss 15 valleys.Each dctr dubles as a preventive care educatr, using augmented(增强的) reality glasses t demnstrate “medical techniques”.“Western-style clinics fell apart here，” Gurung explains gesturing at landslide-scarred slpes.“But knwledge carried n human backs.That's unbreakable.”
Preparatin invlves mnths f mapping ftpaths with elderly guides.“These muntains demand humility，” she ntes, unrlling a hand-drawn map marked with Sherpa symbls.“Mdern GPS fails where peple still remember their ancestrs well.” The cmbinatin f ld and new things has cut the newbrn death rate by 58% in the areas we serve.Sme peple initially dismissed her mdel as “idealistic”， but its success in reducing the rate f getting tuberculsis(肺结核) by 42% has inspired thers t fllw suits.
Fr Gurung, medical health isn't abut fancy hspitals.“It's abut making dignity prtable，” she declares in her WHO speech.Her team nw cperates with engineers t develp landslide-prf drne delivery systems fr medicines.
13．What did Gurung prmise t d when she was 25?
A．Win an internatinal award.
B．Prevent a disastrus strm.
C．Design an accessible thermmeter.
D．Develp medical backpacks.
14．What are the backpacks additinally used fr?
A．String emergency supplies.
B．Generating slar energy.
C．Transprting medical staff.
D．Cnducting health educatin.
15．Hw des Gurung prepare her medical teams?
A．By using GPS technlgy.
B．By learning lcal gegraphy.
C．By hnring Sherpa ancestrs.
D．By unflding a hand-drawn map.
16．What is Gurung's pinin abut healthcare?
A．It shuld be physically accessible.
B．Technlgy determines its quality.
C．Urban mdels need t be reprduced.
D．Hspitals shuld wrk with ther industries.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是尼泊尔34岁的医生Anika Gurung通过她的“太阳能健康背包”计划，在尼泊尔山区变革医疗服务的故事。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the muntainus regins f Nepal, 34-year-ld Dr.Anika Gurung has transfrmed healthcare delivery thrugh her ‘Slar Health Backpack’ initiative.Hnred with the 2023 Internatinal Medical Innvatin Award, Gurung's missin sparked at age 25 when she treated a child dying frm preventable pneumnia (肺炎) during a strm.”可知，Gurung 25岁时承诺要开发医疗背包。
14．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since its 2019 launch, these mbile units carried by lcally trained ‘muntain dctrs’ have navigated muntain trails and clear streams t reach 237 settlements acrss 15 valleys.Each dctr dubles as a preventive care educatr, using augmented (增强的) reality glasses t demnstrate ‘medical techniques’．”可知，背包的额外用途是开展健康教育。
15．B 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Preparatin invlves mnths f mapping ftpaths with elderly guides.”可知，Gurung是通过学习当地地理来准备她的医疗团队。
16．A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Fr Gurung, medical health isn't abut fancy hspitals.‘It's abut making dignity prtable，’ she declares in her WHO speech.”可知，Gurung对医疗保健的看法是它应该在实际中是可获得的。
※小贴士：突破阅读理解中的C、D篇，告别失分困扰
高考阅读C、D篇对考生的语言综合运用能力和高阶思维能力提出了较大的挑战，会出现一些大学四级词汇或相对生僻的词汇，有较多短语与句式的变形，内容涉及专业知识、研究成果等，考生不仅要掌握更多的词汇知识、具备分析长难句的能力，对于不同类文体的特征也要有所把握。
一、文体特征
1．语篇类型
阅读理解C、D篇主要包括科普知识类、自然现象类、动植物特性类、新产品/新工艺介绍类、风土人情类等，多为说明文。
2．语言特点
(1)文中专业术语较多，抽象、理解难度大，容易拉开考生分数档次。
(2)文中解释性、定义性、说明性句子较多，长难句较多。
3．结构特点
基本上遵循“首段引入话题，其他段落采用并列式或递进式对其进行说明”的规律。
二、阅读策略
1．抓首尾段
首段往往提出要说明主题，尤其是研究类说明文，研究结果就是主题；尾段往往重申、强调主题。
2．梳理文章结构
(1)整体叙述＋细节或过程说明＋概括评述；
(2)现象＋原因＋后果/启示/措施；
(3)研究发现/调查结果＋研究/调查过程。