2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题1　阅读理解　类型1　题型破解　第2讲　推理判断题（含解析）

这是一份2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题1　阅读理解　类型1　题型破解　第2讲　推理判断题（含解析），共13页。学案主要包含了特别提醒，解题示范，语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的推敲，作出一定的判断和推理，从而理解文章的深层含义的过程。推理判断题主要考查考生分析上下文逻辑关系的能力以及逻辑推理能力。题目所涉及的内容可能是某几句话，要求考生在理解原文意思的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，从而揭示其深层含义。纵观近几年高考真题，细节推断、观点态度、写作意图为高频考点，而推断读者对象、语篇出处、后续内容、文章体裁、写作手法和文章结构等为低频考点。
考点1 细节推断题
●辨明题类
细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，就某具体细节进行推断，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。一般题干中经常会出现六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，cnclude(得出结论，推断出)和assume(假定，设想)。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：
(1)It can be inferred/cncluded frm the text that .
(2)What can we infer/learn
(3)We can learn frm the passage that .
(4)The that .
●技法点拨
第一步：定位关键细节——根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息，即推理的依据；
第二步：正确理解推断——对原文中的信息细读理解其字面意义，然后结合语境，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
【特别提醒】 (1)如果某个选项是文章中的一个细节内容，则不能作为推理的结论。
(2)切勿把脱离原文的个人看法、主观臆断作为答案。
●真题体验
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper？And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material？The answers t bth questins are ften “n”．The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it's n paper than nscreen.A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—t nes that require mental abstractin—such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper's physical prperties.With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages.Peple ften link their memry f what they've read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called “shallwing hypthesis (假说)”．Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies—say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print.Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
31．What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A．Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B．Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C．Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D．Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
【解题示范】 第一步：确定题干中的关键信息：imply in the last paragraph；
第二步：确定推理依据的位置或范围是最后一段之后，再进行推理判断：“Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print.Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.(数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词。)”可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性。故选C。
考点2 观点态度题
●辨明题类
所谓作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观、悲观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。设问形式常有：
(1)What's the writer's attitude
(2)What is the authr's pinin
(3)What des the authr think/feel
●技法点拨
1．文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。
(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切忌用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。
(2)留意那些描写所处氛围及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。
(3)关注首段首尾句，推断文章主题，确定作者观点。
2．要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：
(1)表示支持或肯定的词语
favrable赞同的，有利的；psitive积极的，肯定的，确实的；supprtive支持的；reasnable合理的；enthusiastic热情的等。
(2)表示反对或否定的词语
critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；impractical不实际的；radical激进的；prejudiced有成见的，偏颇的等。
(3)表示中立或客观的词语
bjective 客观的；neutral 中立的；indifferent 漠然的等。
●真题体验
(2025·浙江1月卷·阅读理解B)
When I was a child I was ften tld what nt t eat.“Yu dn't want t get fat” was n cnstant repeat thrughut my childhd.It really messed up my relatinship with fd—smething that tk me years t vercme.Because f this, I'm careful nt t cnnect what my kids weigh with their wrth as peple.I encurage my daughter t make healthy snack chices and ften dissuade(劝阻) her frm a secnd dessert.But ne day when I heard her saying “I think I'm t fat”， my heart sank.It made me wnder if giving her advice n snacks was having an unintentinally negative impact.
Accrding t Charltte Markey, a prfessr f psychlgy, fd is ne f the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is mre.“There are s many things in parenting that are gd t talk thrugh, but I'm nt cnvinced that fd is ne f them，” she says.“It just creates sme wrries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy.”
Instead, she recmmends applying a well-knwn cncept amng nutritin experts called the “Divisin f Respnsibility”， where parents prvide a variety f mstly healthy fds t their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and hw much they want t cnsume—even if that means ccasinally eating mre ckies than carrts.
Allwing kids t eat what they want als expses them t the natural cnsequences f their decisins.“When yur child says, ‘My stmach hurts’， yu can say, ‘Well yu had a lt f sugary fds and yu might feel better if yu made sme ther chices，’” says Markey.“Let them feel like they have sme cntrl ver it.”
I've been trying ut these strategies and I've fund that when I'm less restrictive, they d make better decisins.“Feeding is a lng game，” says Markey.“The fd yu have available makes a huge difference.Even if they dn't eat it, they're seeing it.And then all f a sudden it clicks.”
27．What des the authr think f the strategies she has been fllwing?
A．Cstly. B．Cmplex.
C．Wrkable. D．Cntradictry.
【解题示范】 第一步：根据题干确定题型：由题干中的What des the authr think f可知本题考查作者的观点态度。
第二步：确定答案，定位到原文，寻找相关信息：根据最后一段中“I've been trying ut these strategies and I've fund that when I'm less restrictive, they d make better decisins.”可知，孩子们确实会做出更好的决策，所以作者会认为自己所遵循的策略是可行的。故选C。
考点3 写作意图题
●辨明题类
通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。设问形式常有：
1．整篇文章的写作目的/意图
(1)The writer writes this passage in rder t .
(2)The purpse f the text is t .
(3)What is the main purpse f the passage?
(4)The writer f the stry wants/intends t tell us that .
2．某处细节的写作目的/意图
(1)The writer the first paragraph t .
(2)The writer uses the example .
(3)The authr writes the last paragraph in rder t .
●技法点拨
通常可依据文体特点来推断作者的写作意图：
1．记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开。
2．应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言。
3．说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，故应找准主题句。
4．议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。
●真题体验
(2025·北京卷·阅读理解D)
The call t “knw yurself” has been there since ancient times, but ur sense f self desn't always match what thers perceive.Cnsidering the stries we tell abut urselves can help us t change ur minds fr better.
Fr many years, psychlgists saw identity as a cmbinatin f smene's values, beliefs, gals and scial rles.Then, in the 1980s, Bb Jhnsn created the life stry mdel f identity, in which he prpses that, as we g thrugh life, these cre features are built in with ur memries t create a persnal stry thrugh which we understand ur lives.
Our life stry is smething that starts cming tgether in ur teenage years, when we begin t rganise ur lives int chapters arund key events r life changes, and begin t see urselves as bth the central character and, t a varying extent, the stry's authr.Peple with mre cnsistent stries tend t have a strnger sense f identity, and they feel their life has mre meaning, directin and sense f purpse.Such peple shw greater verall life satisfactin, t.
Jhnsn has als investigated the link between well-being and certain stry themes.He discvered that whether smene describes having had sme cntrl ver events in their past is an imprtant predictr f a persn's mental health.Anther key theme invlves finding sme kind f psitive meaning after stressful events.“Peple culd talk abut gaining knwledge r persnal grwth，” says Jhnsn.His research shws that this is ften missing fr peple with mental health cnditins.The gd news is that there is evidence we can learn t change ur wn stry.
Lisa Green, anther researcher, sunds a few ntes f cautin(谨慎)．Fr instance, hearing abut the pwer f redemptive(拯救性的) stries, many peple may feel frced t find a psitive angle n hrrible events.She says that Western culture already pushes peple t lk fr the silver lining behind every clud.
If yu want t turn ver a new leaf, thugh, ne tp tip is that it helps t chse a significant date that signals the start f a new “chapter”．Cntrary t ppular dubt, reslutins made n 1 January are mre effective fr this reasn.S, whether yur gal is saving mney r getting fit, there is n better time t becme the authr f ur wn destiny(命运)．
33．What des the authr mainly d in this passage?
A．Clarify a gal. B．Analyse an event.
C．Make a cmparisn. D．Illustrate an apprach.
【解题示范】 第一步：确定题干中的关键信息：What des the authr mainly d，由题干中的信息可知，该题考查的是作者的写作意图。
第二步：根据题型特点和文章内容，确定应考虑的主要段落：通读全文，尤其是第一段“The call t ‘knw yurself’ has been there since ancient times, but ur sense f self desn't always match what thers perceive.Cnsidering the stries we tell abut urselves can help us t change ur minds fr better.”和第二段中“Then, in the 1980s, Bb Jhnsn created the life stry mdel f identity, in which he prpses that, as we g thrugh life, these cre features are built in with ur memries t create a persnal stry thrugh which we understand ur lives.”以及第四段中“Jhnsn has als investigated the link between well-being and certain stry themes.”可知，文章主要阐述了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系，并举例说明了如何通过改变个人故事来影响自我认同和幸福感，因此作者主要是在阐述一种方法。故选D。
考点4 语篇出处/类别题
●辨明题类
语篇出处/类别题要求考生具备一定的常识，要从文章内容、语言特色和标志信息着手，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。一般说来，报纸上的新闻前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称等；广告类文章因其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明类文章，如家电、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式；药品的服用说明会告知服用的时间、次数、药量等；来自网络的文章一般比较新颖，时效性强。设问形式常有：
(1)This passage wuld prbably/mst likely be fund in .
(2)The passage is prbably taken frm/ut f .
(3)Where is the text prbably frm?
(4)Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
(5)Where can the text be fund?
(6)What is the text?
(7)What is the text mst prbably?
●技法点拨
1．利用内容判断文章出处
(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：newspaper。
(2)推销介绍新产品：advertisement。
(3)文章中有click here, dwnlad, uplad, link, muse, surf等网络用语：website。
(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍：travel guide。
(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍：magazine/jurnal/entertainment sectin。
(6)科普知识：science reprt。
(7)文化教育类文章：educatin sectin。
2．利用内容判断文章类别
(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide。
(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement。
(3)活动介绍：ntice/annuncement。
(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news。
(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science reprt/study reprt。
●真题体验
(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse：Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class.Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late.If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer.Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer.Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
21．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk. B．An exam paper.
C．A curse plan. D．An academic article.
【解题示范】 第一步：阅读题干，把握关键词Where, is taken frm；
第二步：快速浏览全文，确定体裁为说明文。根据标题“Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature (文学概论课程评分政策)”和“Essays(60%)(论文(60%))”部分的“Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。
考点5 读者对象题
●辨明题类
读者对象题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象，即作者针对的读者对象是什么人。设问形式常有：
(1)The passage is prbably intended fr .
(2)Wh is the passage intended fr?
(3) Wh is the text mainly intended fr?
(4)Wh are the main intended readers f the text?
●技法点拨
先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节内容判断读者对象。
A
(2025·贵州省六盘水市高三一模)
Heating and lighting buildings cnsume a significant prtin f glbal energy—abut 18%, accrding t the Internatinal Energy Agency.Many buildings have utdated HVAC systems(空调通风系统) that respnd slwly t weather changes, leading t energy waste.Hwever, AI is seen as a ptential slutin.While AI itself can be energy-intensive—Micrsft has acknwledged that its AI develpment threatens climate gals—experts believe AI can imprve energy efficiency in large buildings.A 2024 study suggests that AI culd reduce energy cnsumptin and carbn emissins in buildings by at least 8%, and initial effrts t integrate AI int HVAC systems have been prmising.
Sam Ramadri, CEO f BrainBx AI, explains that large buildings ften have thusands f HVAC cmpnents that need t wrk tgether efficiently.His cmpany's technlgy uses predictive AI t send instructins every five minutes t varius parts f the system, ptimizing energy use and cmfrt.Fr example, the AI system at 45 Bradway begins warming the building in predictin f a cld frnt, and it adjusts heat distributin based n sunlight expsure.
Researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry have als explred AI's ptential in building efficiency.Their study suggests that integrating AI with HVAC systems culd reduce energy cnsumptin and carbn emissins by 8% t 19%, r even mre with active plicy measures.AI can help minimize a building's carbn ftprint thrughut its lifecycle, frm design t maintenance, by predicting equipment failures and reducing dwntime(停工期)．
Other initiatives have shwn similar benefits.In Stckhlm, AI tls were applied in 87 HVAC systems in educatinal facilities, resulting in an annual reductin f 64 tns f carbn dixide equivalent(等量) and an 8% decrease in electricity usage.The University f Maryland's Center fr Envirnmental Energy Engineering als supprts the idea that AI can significantly reduce pwer cnsumptin in cmplex HVAC systems, especially thse with bth indr and utdr units.
As the glbe warms, efficient cling systems will be increasingly imprtant.Arash Zarmehr, a building perfrmance cnsultant at the engineering firm WSP, says that “AI engineers are aware that human cntrls n HVAC systems reduce efficiencies，” he says.“AI can help us mve tward the actual decarbnizatin f buildings.”
1．What des the 2024 study shw?
A．AI cntributes t climate change.
B．AI cnsumes much glbal energy.
C．AI decreases energy cnsumptin.
D．AI is widely used in HVAC systems.
2．Hw can AI help building efficiency?
A．By shrtening a building's lifecycle.
B．By minimizing HVAC's cmpnents.
C．By regulating heat distributin randmly.
D．By telling equipment failures in advance.
3．What is Arash Zarmehr's attitude twards the use f AI?
A．Favrable. B．Neutral.
C．Skeptical. D．Pessimistic.
4．What can be the best title f the text?
A．The Challenges f AI's Rise
B．The Energy Use in Buildings
C．The Impact f HVAC Systems
D．AI's Applicatin in a New Field
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章指出建筑供暖和照明消耗了全球大量能源，而人工智能可以通过优化空调通风系统，将能耗和碳排放降低8%至19%，并提高建筑的整体能源效率。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A 2024 study suggests that AI culd reduce energy cnsumptin and carbn emissins in buildings by at least 8%, and initial effrts t integrate AI int HVAC systems have been prmising.”可知，这项研究表明AI可以降低能耗。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“AI can help minimize a building's carbn ftprint thrughut its lifecycle, frm design t maintenance, by predicting equipment failures and reducing dwntime (停工期)．”可知，AI可以提前告知设备故障，从而提高建筑效率。
3．A 观点态度题。根据最后一段中Arash Zarmehr所说的话“AI can help us mve tward the actual decarbnizatin f buildings.”可知，Arash Zarmehr认为AI可以帮助实现建筑物的脱碳，这表明他对AI的使用持支持的态度。
4．D 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Many buildings have utdated HVAC systems (空调通风系统) that respnd slwly t weather changes, leading t energy waste.Hwever, AI is seen as a ptential slutin.While AI itself can be energy-intensive—Micrsft has acknwledged that its AI develpment threatens climate gals—experts believe AI can imprve energy efficiency in large buildings.”可知，文章主要讨论了AI在建筑能效管理中的应用，特别是如何通过优化空调通风系统来减少能耗和碳排放。因此，D项“AI在新领域的应用”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。
B
(2025·广东省茂名市高三一模)
If yu dislike cld weather, dn't wrry.Here are sme recmmended destinatins.
Mexic
Mexic is a great destinatin fr winter sun.The Yucatan Peninsula is knwn fr its beautiful beaches, ancient Mayan ruins, thrilling activities, amazing cuisine, and bidiversity that yu have t see with yur wn eyes.
Suth Africa
Suth Africa is anther great winter escape, especially if yu're pen t enduring a lnger flight away frm hme.The Western Cape, in particular, is knwn fr its beautiful beaches and mild temperatures.
Prtugal
This cuntry has s much t ffer travelers in the clder mnths, frm beautiful muntain ranges t sunny days n the beach.Enjy a walk thrugh ne f many picturesque villages like Lisbn, Cintra, r Prt, r explre ne f the many natinal parks fr sme utdr adventures.With its lng stretches f cast and rugh land, Prtugal is an ideal destinatin fr thse seeking utdr activities such as hiking and muntain biking.
Chile
Frget the traditinal snwy scenes; Chile ffers a winter that's as diverse as its landscapes.While everyne else yu knw is wrapped up in thick clthes, yu culd be enjying a sweet Chilean summer.December t March is summer in the Suthern Hemisphere(半球), and Chile is bathing in sunshine!
5．What makes the Western Cape a gd winter escape?
A．Its lng flight distance.
B．Its beaches and temperatures.
C．Its cuisine and bidiversity.
D．Its muntain ranges and sunny days.
6．What d the fur destinatins have in cmmn?
A．They all have extremely ht weather in winter.
B．They are all well-knwn fr their ancient ruins.
C．They all ffer relatively warm climate in winter.
D．They are all lcated in the Suthern Hemisphere.
7．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A histry bk. B．A business reprt.
C．A travel magazine. D．A research paper.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四个适合冬季避寒的旅游目的地，分别介绍了墨西哥、南非、葡萄牙和智利的冬季特色与景点。
5．B 细节理解题。根据Suth Africa部分的“Suth Africa is anther great winter escape, especially if yu're pen t enduring a lnger flight away frm hme.The Western Cape, in particular, is knwn fr its beautiful beaches and mild temperatures.”可知，西开普省的优势在于美丽的海滩和温和的气候。
6．C 细节理解题。根据Mexic部分的“Mexic is a great destinatin fr winter sun.”、Suth Africa部分的“Suth Africa is anther great winter escape, especially if yu're pen t enduring a lnger flight away frm hme.The Western Cape, in particular, is knwn fr its beautiful beaches and mild temperatures.”、Prtugal部分“This cuntry has s much t ffer travelers in the clder mnths, frm beautiful muntain ranges t sunny days n the beach.”以及Chile部分的“December t March is summer in the Suthern Hemisphere(半球), and Chile is bathing in sunshine！”可知，四个目的地都是本文推荐的冬季旅行的目的地，且气候温暖。
7．C 语篇出处题。根据第一段“If yu dislike cld weather, dn't wrry.Here are sme recmmended destinatins.”以及Mexic部分的“Mexic is a great destinatin fr winter sun.”、Suth Africa部分的“Suth Africa is anther great winter escape, especially if yu're pen t enduring a lnger flight away frm hme.The Western Cape, in particular, is knwn fr its beautiful beaches and mild temperatures.”等可知，文章围绕冬季旅游目的地推荐展开，包含景点特色、气候等信息，主要介绍了四个适合冬季前往的旅游目的地及其特色，所以很可能出自旅游杂志。
C
(2025·江西省南昌市高三二模)
Annie Smith, 32, went int labr as fldwaters frm Hurricane Harvey surrunded her apartment.With the rads underwater, the tw-mile drive t the hspital was impssible.Annie and her husband, Greg, bth dctrs, began preparing fr a hme birth.
Greg rushed t gather supplies—scissrs, sewing needles—while his mther biled water t sterilize (消毒) them.“I'm really starting t get scared nw，” Annie tld Greg as the reality set in.A neighbr, checking n the Smiths, sent an email t their apartment cmplex's message bard asking fr help.Within 30 minutes, at least 15 peple shwed up, including medical trainees frm the cmplex.
Meanwhile, the cuple had been cntinuusly dialing 911 but never gt an answer.Finally, a call t the directr f Annie's fellwship prgram led t actin.The directr's father, wh lived near a fire statin, walked there t explain the situatin.
Arund nn, a rescue truck arrived.By then, the water had reached t a frmidable level that the vehicle culdn't get clse.The Smiths' neighbrs and firefighters frmed a human chain t help Annie Smith t the back f the flatbed truck.“I held nt them ne persn at a time，” she said, mving n her hands and knees alng their arms until she reached the ladder safely.She sat n a blanket in the truck, a shwer curtain ver her head, as they drve thrugh the fld.
The Smiths arrived at Texas Children's Hspital abut 15 minutes later.An hur later, their daughter Adrielle was brn, weighing 7 punds, 6 unces.The cuple, exhausted but relieved, appreciated the neighbrs and firemen wh had cme t their aid.“It was abslutely incredible hw many peple respnded and were ut in the rain trying t help us，” Annie said.
8．Why did the Smiths at first prepare fr a hme birth?
A．The hspital was inaccessible.
B．Drivers were hard t reach.
C．They were suggested by dctrs.
D．The emergency services were ff duty.
9．Wh played a crucial rle in calling the rescue truck?
A．A neighbur. B．Greg's mther.
C．A medical trainee. D．The directr's father.
10．What des the underlined wrd “frmidable” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Scary. B．Awesme.
C．Average. D．Nrmal.
11．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T recrd an unfrgettable disaster.
B．T remember the respected firemen.
C．T praise the lve within the cmmunity.
D．T raise funds fr Annie's fellwship prgram.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对医生夫妇在飓风洪水中，因医院无法到达而准备在家分娩，最终在邻居和消防员的帮助下成功获救并诞下女儿的感人故事。
8．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With the rads underwater, the tw-mile drive t the hspital was impssible.”可知，由于道路被水淹没，医院无法到达，所以史密斯一家最初准备在家分娩。
9．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Finally, a call t the directr f Annie's fellwship prgram led t actin.The directr's father, wh lived near a fire statin, walked there t explain the situatin.”可知，这位主任的父亲住在消防站附近，他步行到那里解释了情况。由此可知，这位主任的父亲在联系救援卡车的过程中起到了关键作用。
10．A 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Arund nn, a rescue truck arrived.By then, the water had reached t a frmidable level that the vehicle culdn't get clse.”可知，画线单词后的同位语从句对level进行解释，洪水到了车辆无法靠近的程度，由此可知，洪水水位高得吓人，阻碍了车辆靠近。
11．C 写作意图题。结合全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“The cuple, exhausted but relieved, appreciated the neighbrs and firemen wh had cme t their aid.‘It was abslutely incredible hw many peple respnded and were ut in the rain trying t help us，’ Annie said.”可知，这对夫妇非常感激前来帮助他们的邻居和消防员。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是赞美社区内的互助与爱心。
D
(2025·四川省巴中市高三一模)
In tday's fast-paced wrld, jy can ften feel hard t find.Hwever, Zadie Smith ffers a refreshing perspective n the cncept f jy and its significance in ur lives, in her essay Jy.Thrugh a blend f persnal anecdtes, literary references, and thught-prvking insights, Smith explres the cmplexities f jy and its relatinship t happiness.
Smith explres the definitin and perceptin f jy, distinguishing it frm happiness, which riginates frm internal cntentment rather than external circumstances.She finds jy in small pleasures f life, such as interactins with a child r bserving daily rutines.While sciety ften views jy as shrt-lived r shallw, priritizing grand achievements and material pursuits, Smith challenges this ntin, arguing that jy in simple things significantly enhances ur well-being.
One f the key aspects f Smith's essay is her explratin f the rle f literature in capturing and cnveying jy.She claims that by immersing urselves in the stries and experiences f thers, we can braden ur hrizns and find jy in the shared human experience.This insight emphasizes the imprtance f strytelling and the arts in fstering a sense f jy and cnnectin in sciety.
Smith als digs int hw identity shapes ur understanding f jy, reflecting n her multicultural backgrund and its influence n her views.She highlights hw jy is ften rted in cultural legacy and individual experiences, emphasizing the value f embracing diverse identities.
Furthermre, Smith examines the rle f cmmunity and scial cnnectins in fstering jy.She argues that jy is ften cnnected with ur relatinships and the sense f belnging we get frm them.Sharing laughter r celebrating tgether with thers can make ur jy strnger and build a sense f cmmunity.
Zadie Smith's essay Jy ffers an explratin f jy and its significance in ur lives and encurages us t reevaluate ur understanding f jy and seek its presence in ur everyday lives.
12．Hw des Smith think peple can find jy?
A．By appreciating rdinary mments f daily life.
B．By achieving great success and acquiring wealth.
C．By seeking cntentment in external circumstances.
D．By fcusing n persnal grwth thrugh self-reflectin.
13．What rle des literature play in pursuing jy?
A．It prvides entertainment fr sciety.
B．It distracts us frm prblems.
C．It prmtes understanding f thers.
D．It helps us find life's meaning.
14．What influences ur view f jy accrding t Smith?
A．Financial status and scial recgnitin.
B．Cultural heritage and scial relatinships.
C．Prfessinal success and persnal value.
D．Physical health and educatinal backgrund.
15．What's the text?
A．A cmmentary. B．A news reprt.
C．A bk review. D．A persnal narrative.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。探讨了Zadie Smith在其文章《快乐》中对快乐的独特见解，并分析了文学、文化身份、社区联系对快乐的影响。
12．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She finds jy in small pleasures f life, such as interactins with a child r bserving daily rutines.”可知，Smith认为人们可以从日常生活的普通瞬间中找到快乐。
13．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She claims that by immersing urselves in the stries and experiences f thers, we can braden ur hrizns and find jy in the shared human experience.”可知，在追求快乐中，文学能够帮助人们理解他人。
14．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“She highlights hw jy is ften rted in cultural legacy and individual experiences, emphasizing the value f embracing diverse identities.”以及倒数第二段中“She argues that jy is ften cnnected with ur relatinships and the sense f belnging we get frm them.”可知，Smith认为是文化背景和社交关系影响人们对快乐的看法。
15．A 语篇类别题。根据第一段“In tday's fast-paced wrld, jy can ften feel hard t find.Hwever, Zadie Smith ffers a refreshing perspective n the cncept f jy and its significance in ur lives, in her essay Jy.Thrugh a blend f persnal anecdtes, literary references, and thught-prvking insights, Smith explres the cmplexities f jy and its relatinship t happiness.”以及文章围绕Smith的文章展开分析与评论， 属于评论性文章。