2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题2　阅读七选五　第2讲　根据词汇复现解题（含解析）

这是一份2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题2　阅读七选五　第2讲　根据词汇复现解题（含解析），共10页。学案主要包含了解题示范，语篇解读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点1 原词复现题
●辨明题类
复现是保证文章行文中前后衔接而经常使用的一种衔接手段，即表达相同意思、描述同一个概念的词汇在文章的上下文不同位置重复出现。
根据行文需要，文章中经常在后文中用前文中出现过的相同词语来衔接语义，这种现象叫作原词复现。原词复现也可以是同根词。
●技法点拨
英语语篇在行文中第一句话的宾语，通常就是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)本身复现的方式来实现，解题时要格外注意有与空格前的句子中相同关键词汇的选项。
●真题体验
(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)
●Yu can live lnger if yu vlunteer regularly.
38 Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age.Vlunteers are als mre likely t lk after their wn health and are mre fcused n adding physical activity int their lives.
D．Vlunteering can be the first step in breaking dwn prejudice.
E．Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.
F．Yu may even learn that yur kid has a talent yu didn't knw abut befre.
【解题示范】 段首题。根据下文“Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age.”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。选项“Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.”中的“Fr adults”对应“adults 55 and lder”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memry”和“maintained verall health”，与本段的主题吻合。adult为原词复现。故选E。
考点2 同义词、近义词或反义词复现题
●辨明题类
文章中经常会使用词义相同或相近的词汇来表达同一个意思或概念，或者用来解释前一句话的意思，其根本目的只是避免在文中同一个词汇的重复使用。
文章上下文中有时会出现互为相反含义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
●技法点拨
1．关注选项中与空格前(有时是空格后)的句子中表达相同意思的同义词、近义词。
2．注意选项与空格前后句子语义上是否通顺合理。
3．在上下文或句中寻找反义词的复现。
●真题体验
(2024·全国甲卷)
Eat with thers whenever pssible.Eating alne, specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating.And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand.It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. 38
D．Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E．Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F．Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
【解题示范】 段尾题。上文“It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies.(如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，选项“Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.(相反，你应该选择健康的食物。)”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy为反义词。故选E。
考点3 代词指代题
●辨明题类
英语表达中代词的出现率非常高，而代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词，以避免重复；有时也可用代词指代前面一个句子(这两种情况也可以归类为复现)。
●技法点拨
解题时注意空格前后或选项中出现的代词，充分利用代词的这种指代关系并根据代词的单复数差异，可以准确而快速地判定选项。常见代词：it，they/them，ne(s)，this/that，these/thse。
●真题体验
(2025·浙江1月卷)
Dn't use ten wrds when ne will d.
Even the mst engaged and cmmitted audience will eventually get bred. Keeping yur message simple and clear will make it easier fr peple t understand. 38 Hwever, they're hearing it fr the first time.Keep it simple.
E．Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F．It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G．As the speaker, yu already knw what yu're ging t say.
【解题示范】 段中题。下文“Hwever, they're hearing it fr the first time.”与设空句之间是转折关系。选项“As the speaker, yu already knw what yu're ging t say.”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what yu're ging t say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G。
A
(2025·辽宁省重点中学协作校高三二模)
Vertical farming, a methd f grwing plants in layered arrangements, is becming an increasingly ppular slutin t urban fd prductin challenges. 1 By using vertical space, it allws mre fd t be grwn in smaller areas, making it ideal fr cities with limited land.
The first step in establishing a vertical farm is t chse a suitable lcatin.Indr spaces like warehuses, abandned buildings, r even repurpsed shipping cntainers are ften used. 2 In such spaces, factrs like light, temperature, and humidity can be precisely mnitred and adjusted.This ensures that plants receive the right amunt f light, water, and nutrients, regardless f utdr weather cnditins.
Once the lcatin is secured, a water-based r air-based grwing system is set up t deliver water and nutrients directly t the plants' rts.These systems nt nly use significantly less water than traditinal farming methds but als get rid f the need fr sil and reduce the risk f pests. 3
Chsing the right crps is als crucial.Sme plants, like leafy greens and herbs, have shrt grwth cycles and require minimal space. 4 Fr instance, lettuce and basil are frequently grwn in vertical farms, as they grw rapidly and are highly sught after in urban markets.
5 The initial setup csts fr lighting, irrigatin systems, and climate cntrl can be high.Hwever, the lng-term benefits, such as reduced transprtatin csts and year-rund prductin, ften utweigh these expenses.
A．These envirnments prvide cntrlled cnditins.
B．It is an innvative apprach t sustainable agriculture.
C．Vertical farming has advantages but als faces challenges.
D．This technlgy is still in its early stages f develpment.
E．As a result, traditinal farming methds are being replaced.
F．These characteristics make them perfect fr vertical farming.
G．This makes vertical farming mre efficient and ec-friendly.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是垂直农业的运作原理、核心要素及优缺点。
1．B 段中题。空前“Vertical farming, a methd f grwing plants in layered arrangements, is becming an increasingly ppular slutin t urban fd prductin challenges.”介绍的是垂直农业的概念，空格处也应该是对垂直农业的介绍，B项“It is an innvative apprach t sustainable agriculture.”中的it指代前面的Vertical farming，是对垂直农业的继续介绍，承接上文，符合语境。
2．A 段中题。空前“Indr spaces like warehuses, abandned buildings, r even repurpsed shipping cntainers are ften used.”说明的是垂直农业中经常使用的空间，和垂直农业的环境有关，空格处应该说为什么这些空间被经常使用，A项“These envirnments prvide cntrlled cnditins.”解释了为什么这些环境被经常利用，承接上文，符合语境。
3．G 段尾题。空前“Once the lcatin is secured, a water-based r air-based grwing system is set up t deliver water and nutrients directly t the plants' rts.These systems nt nly use significantly less water than traditinal farming methds but als get rid f the need fr sil and reduce the risk f pests.”说明的是一个水基或空气基生长系统的优势，空格处应该说这些优势会给垂直农业带来什么好处，G项“This makes vertical farming mre efficient and ec-friendly.”说明前面的系统的优势使垂直农业更高效环保，承接上文，符合语境。
4．F 段中题。空前“Chsing the right crps is als crucial.Sme plants, like leafy greens and herbs, have shrt grwth cycles and require minimal space.”说明有的植物生长周期短，需要的空间很小，空格处应该说这些优点对于垂直农业有何意义，F项“These characteristics make them perfect fr vertical farming.”说明空前所讲的特点使这些植物是垂直农业的完美选择，承接上文，符合语境。
5．C 段首题。空后“The initial setup csts fr lighting, irrigatin systems, and climate cntrl can be high.”说明的是垂直农业的问题所在，也就是垂直农业也存在挑战，C项“Vertical farming has advantages but als faces challenges.”说明了垂直农业也面临挑战，引起下文，符合语境。
B
(2025·河北省承德市、张家口市高三一模)
Mst f us struggle fr self-respect.Any cmments r experiences that weaken ur feelings f self-wrth can be uncmfrtable.But the thing is, whether yur self-wrth really is being weakened is, t a large degree, subjective. 1
When yu take things persnally, yu're interpreting these situatins as saying smething negative abut yu.Say yur friends cancel yur planned get-tgether. 2 Psychlgists have a term fr this mindset：persnalisatin.But the reality might be that yur friends felt unwell that weekend.
In examples like this, there's anther prcess at wrk that psychlgists call mind reading.This is when yu assume t knw what ther peple are thinking abut yu when yu can't really knw withut asking them directly. 3
One simple way t avid these mindsets is t challenge yur negative assumptins.When yu find yurself taking a situatin persnally, try t think f ther interpretatins that are less fcused n yu.When receiving criticism, try putting yurself in the ther persn's shes. 4 Fr instance, the persn giving feedback might als feel nervus abut delivering it.This mindset can transfrm criticism int a learning pprtunity and strengthen relatinships.
Wanting t be prud f yurself is healthy. 5 Try t take pride in yur effrts, gd intentins and achievements.This shift in fcus will als help yu becme less sensitive and less likely t take things persnally.
A．But pride cmes in different frms.
B．Try t see yurself in a psitive light.
C．But they might think very highly f yu.
D．Yu may interpret this as meaning they're bred f yu.
E．Much f it depends n yur perceptin f what smene said r did.
F．When yu d this, yu'll be able t see things frm their pint f view.
G．When assuming yur friends are bred f yu, yu're engaging in mind reading.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我价值感的主观性，并提供了如何避免将事情个人化、挑战负面假设以及培养积极自我认知的建议。
1．E 段尾题。上文“But the thing is, whether yur self-wrth really is being weakened is, t a large degree, subjective.”提到了主观因素，E项“这在很大程度上取决于你对别人所说或所做的事情的看法。”中it指代上文的主观因素，进一步对这种主观性进行解释。
2．D 段中题。上文“When yu take things persnally, yu're interpreting these situatins as saying smething negative abut yu.Say yur friends cancel yur planned get-tgether.”提到朋友取消了计划好的聚会这种情况可能会被个人化，认为是别人对你产生了负面看法，D项“你可能会把这理解为他们厌倦你了。”中this指代上文“取消聚会”这件事情，展示了错误的个人化解读。
3．G 段尾题。上文“In examples like this, there's anther prcess at wrk that psychlgists call mind reading.”提到了读心术，G项“当你假设你的朋友对你感到厌烦时，你正在专注于读心术。”与上文呼应，mind reading是原词复现。
4．F 段中题。上文“When receiving criticism, try putting yurself in the ther persn's shes.”提到了设身处地为别人着想，F项“当你这样做的时候，你就能从他们的角度看问题。”与上文构成顺承关系，体现换位思考，frm their pint f view和putting yurself in the ther persn's shes是近义词复现。
5．A 段中题。上文“Wanting t be prud f yurself is healthy.”和下文“Try t take pride in yur effrts, gd intentins and achievements.”提到了有关自豪的内容，所以A项“但自豪有不同的形式。”能引起下文，与下文构成顺承关系，pride是原词复现。
C
(2025·安徽省滁州市高三一模)
D yu start smething and then leave it midway？D yu feel an enthusiastic rush at the beginning but lse mtivatin after sme time？If s, dn't wrry. 1 , thus keeping yu inspired fr a lng time.
Divide yur task
2 .The fear f failing t accmplish enrmus assignments n time may paralyse yu.Als, if yur wrk schedule is t tight, yu'll end up ding nthing.It is always better t tear the whle task apart int achievable tasks.Achieving ne task at a time will help fuel yur enthusiasm.
3
Peple all have that ne WHY inside which helps push ne wrk hard t attain a certain gal.It can be anything like financial freedm, trying t prve yurself, a desire t make an impact r simply having smething meaningful in life.Finding yur WHY will help yu cnnect with yur gal n a deeper level.
Visualize yur success
This is a mental exercise.Alng the way, keep picturing yur success and having a taste f it will help yu stay hungry fr mre.Keep a recrd f everything that yu d.Yu can write it in yur jurnal and yu can als recrd yur next steps. 4 .
Be flexible
As things develp, smetimes yu have t adjust accrding t them.Yu might have t make changes t yur task map alng the way. 5 , while being flexible keeps yu mving n.
A．Find yur surce
B．Being stubbrn just leads t frustratin
C．Try nt t be alarmed at the task deadline
D．Tracking yur gals fuels yur driving frce
E．It can be verwhelming t lk at a task as a whle
F．The fllwing fur methds can be adpted t sustain yur mtivatin
G．Here cmes a fur-part apprach that can channel yur inner enthusiasm
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种维持动力、激发热情的方法，包括分解任务、找到动力源、设想成功和保持灵活性。
1．F 段中题。上文“D yu start smething and then leave it midway？D yu feel an enthusiastic rush at the beginning but lse mtivatin after sme time？If s, dn't wrry.”提出了开始做事后半途而废、失去动力的问题并表示别担心，空格处应是给出解决办法。F项“The fllwing fur methds can be adpted t sustain yur mtivatin”符合语境，The fllwing fur methds引出了下文要介绍的四种方法，sustain yur mtivatin对应上文失去动力的问题，有承上启下作用。
2．E 段首题。由小标题“Divide yur task”及下文“The fear f failing t accmplish enrmus assignments n time may paralyse yu.”可知，把任务看成一个整体会带来不好的影响，所以要分解任务。E项“It can be verwhelming t lk at a task as a whle”说明了整体看待任务的弊端，引出下文分解任务的原因。
3．A 小标题。下文“Peple all have that ne WHY inside which helps push ne wrk hard t attain a certain gal.”强调要找到推动自己努力的内在原因，即找到动力来源。A项“Find yur surce”能概括本段内容。
4．D 段尾题。由上文“Keep a recrd f everything that yu d.Yu can write it in yur jurnal and yu can als recrd yur next steps.”可知，记录所做的事和下一步计划很重要。D项“Tracking yur gals fuels yur driving frce”中Track与上文Keep a recrd f是近义词复现，说明追踪目标(记录相关内容)能激发动力。
5．B 段中题。由小标题“Be flexible”及下文“while being flexible keeps yu mving n”可知，这里是在对比固执和灵活的不同结果。B项“Being stubbrn just leads t frustratin”与下文形成对比，强调固执的坏处，突出灵活性的重要性。
D
(2025·江西省九江市高三一模)
Yu can help yurself make wiser chices by visualizing yur future self.Belw are three ideas t cnnect with yur future self and enhance present decisin-making.
1 Researchers have shwn that visualizing future events can assist individuals in delaying immediate satisfactin.Interestingly, ne desn't need t cnsider the future rewards f such delay; just thinking abut the future seems t wrk.Fr example, if yu're trying t decide whether t start a prject nw r pstpne it, picture yurself in rutine future settings like grcery shpping r an upcming meeting. 2 The mre real and vivid the future feels, the mre likely yu are t make a decisin that yur future self wn't regret.
Send a message t yur future ffers a unique service that allws individuals t send emails t their future selves, prmpting them t picture what their future selves will be ding and hw they will feel abut the chices made nw. 3 What are yur hpes fr yur future self？What wuld yur future self thank yu fr if yu cmmitted yurself t certain gals tday？Psychlgist Hal says that even briefly reflecting n what yu'd write in such a letter can make yu feel mre cnnected t yur future self.
Imagine yur future self. 4 In ne experiment, cuch ptates were asked t imagine either a hped-fr future self wh engages in regular exercise and enjys gd health r a feared future self wh remains inactive and suffers frm health prblems.Astnishingly, bth visualizatins mtivated them t get ff the cuch and exercise mre frequently ver the next tw mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup that did nt imagine a future self.T bst yur willpwer, imagine tw pssible future selves：ne changing and benefiting and the ther unchanging and suffering. 5 This can inspire psitive changes and help learn frm past experiences.
A．Create a future memry.
B．Visualize a future success.
C．Avid thinking abut the future as it may lead t anxiety.
D．Studies shw that imagining yur future self can increase yur present self's willpwer.
E．Mrever, let yurself vividly daydream abut hw yu feel fr yur past self's chices.
F．Use this pprtunity t tell yur future self abut yur current plans t reach lng-term gals.
G．This practice sparks yur brain t think mre cncretely abut yur current chices' cnsequences.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些与未来的自己联系在一起的三个想法，可以提高你现在的决策能力。
1．A 段首题。根据本段“Researchers have shwn that visualizing future events can assist individuals in delaying immediate satisfactin.Interestingly, ne desn't need t cnsider the future rewards f such delay; just thinking abut the future seems t wrk.Fr example, if yu're trying t decide whether t start a prject nw r pstpne it, picture yurself in rutine future settings like grcery shpping r an upcming meeting.”可知，本段主要说明通过对未来的想象，建立对未来的记忆，从而提高决策能力。A项“创造未来的记忆。”符合语境。
2．G 段中题。上文“Fr example, if yu're trying t decide whether t start a prject nw r pstpne it, picture yurself in rutine future settings like grcery shpping r an upcming meeting.”给出了一个具体的例子，推测本句承接上文，说明这一做法所带来的影响。G项“这个练习会激发你的大脑更具体地思考你当前选择的后果。”符合语境。
3．F 段中题。根据上文“Send a message t yur future ffers a unique service that allws individuals t send emails t their future selves, prmpting them t picture what their future selves will be ding and hw they will feel abut the chices made nw.”以及后文“What are yur hpes fr yur future self？What wuld yur future self thank yu fr if yu cmmitted yurself t certain gals tday？Psychlgist Hal says that even briefly reflecting n what yu'd write in such a letter can make yu feel mre cnnected t yur future self.”可知，后文列举的问题表明可以利用发送电子邮件这个服务反思自我，F项“利用这个机会告诉未来的自己，为了达到长期目标，你目前的计划是什么。”符合语境。
4．D 段中题。根据上文“Imagine yur future self.”以及后文“In ne experiment, cuch ptates were asked t imagine either a hped-fr future self wh engages in regular exercise and enjys gd health r a feared future self wh remains inactive and suffers frm health prblems.Astnishingly, bth visualizatins mtivated them t get ff the cuch and exercise mre frequently ver the next tw mnths cmpared t a cntrl grup that did nt imagine a future self.”可知，后文的实验表明，通过想象未来的自己可以增加自己对于任务的坚持和意志力。D项“研究表明，想象未来的自己可以增强现在的自己的意志力。”中willpwer和后文中willpwer是原词复现。
5．E 段中题。根据上文“T bst yur willpwer, imagine tw pssible future selves：ne changing and benefiting and the ther unchanging and suffering.”以及后文“This can inspire psitive changes and help learn frm past experiences.”可知，本句是对上文的补充说明，论述其他增强意志力的方法，E项“此外，让你自己生动地做白日梦，想象你对过去自己的选择有什么感觉。”符合语境。