高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题08 · 语法填空之谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致）含答案

这是一份高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题08 · 语法填空之谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致）含答案，共6页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
语法填空中，给出动词提示词时，首先要判断它是充当谓语还是非谓语。如果作谓语，就需要确定时态、语态和主谓一致。近三年高考真题中，谓语动词约占动词类题目的50%，是语法填空的必考内容。
一、时态判断三步法
① 找时间状语：yesterday, last week, since, fr, by the time, in recent years 等。
② 看上下文语境：根据前后句的时态保持一致的原则。
③ 注意特殊句型：如 It is the first time that... 用现在完成时；It was the first time that... 用过去完成时。
二、语态判断
判断主语与动词的关系：主动用主动语态，被动用“be + 过去分词”。注意不及物动词无被动。
三、主谓一致三原则
① 语法一致：主语单数谓语单数，主语复数谓语复数。
② 意义一致：集体名词（如 family, team）强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。
③ 就近原则：, , nt als 等连接主语时，谓语与最近的主语一致。
四、 示例 原文：He ________ (wrk) in this factry since 2010.
解析：since 2010 是现在完成时的标志，主语 He 为第三人称单数，故填 has wrked。
【词汇练习·题型一】时态标志词配对
将左边的时间状语与右边对应的时态连线。
1. in 2020 ________
2. since 2015 ________
3. at this time yesterday ________
4. by the end f last year ________
5. Lk! ________
6. next Friday ________
A. 过去进行时
B. 过去完成时
C. 现在进行时
D. 一般将来时
E. 一般过去时
F. 现在完成时
【词汇练习·题型二】动词形式选择
从括号中选择正确的动词形式填空。
7. She ________ (is / are) a student at Peking University.
8. The news ________ (was / were) surprising t everyne.
9. Neither the teacher nr the students ________ (knw / knws) the answer.
10. The number f visitrs ________ (have / has) increased greatly.
11. A new bridge ________ (build / is being built) acrss the river nw.
12. By the time he arrived, the train ________ (left / had left).
【词汇练习·题型三】主谓一致判断
判断下列句子的主语是单数还是复数，并写出谓语动词的正确形式。
13. The family ________ (be) all early risers.
14. Each f the students ________ (have) a dictinary.
15. Five years ________ (be) a lng time.
16. There ________ (be) a pen and tw bks n the desk.
17. The plice ________ (be) searching fr the missing child.
18. ________ (be) either f yur parents a teacher?
19. Physics ________ (be) my favrite subject.
20. All the furniture ________ (be) made f wd.
题型：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
主题：科学家故事
Thmas Edisn 21.________ (be) ne f the greatest inventrs in histry. He 22.________ (create) the first practical light bulb after thusands f experiments. By the time he 23.________ (die) in 1931, he 24.________ (hld) ver 1,000 patents. Many f his inventins still 25.________ (influence) ur lives tday. Edisn nce 26.________ (say), "Genius is ne percent inspiratin and ninety-nine percent perspiratin." His wrds 27.________ (inspire) millins f peple arund the wrld. In recent years, many schls 28.________ (name) after him. A museum 29.________ (build) in his hnr in New Jersey, which 30.________ (attract) thusands f visitrs every year.
21.________ 22.________ 23.________ 24.________ 25.________ 26.________ 27.________ 28.________ 29.________ 30.________
Passage 2
主题：文化传承
The ancient city f Pingya, 31.________ (lcate) in Shanxi Prvince, 32.________ (be) a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site. It 33.________ (preserve) its riginal layut fr ver 600 years. Visitrs frm arund the wrld 34.________ (cme) t see its ancient city walls and traditinal curtyards. In recent decades, the lcal gvernment 35.________ (invest) heavily in restratin prjects. Tday, the city 36.________ (recgnize) as ne f the best-preserved ancient twns in China. Every year, millins f turists 37.________ (attract) by its unique charm. A new museum 38.________ (pen) next year t shwcase the city's histry. The lcal peple 39.________ (be) prud f their heritage and 40.________ (wrk) hard t keep it alive fr future generatins.
31.________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35.________ 36.________ 37.________ 38.________ 39.________ 40.________
参考答案及解析
词汇练习·题型一
1. in 2020 → E (一般过去时) 2. since 2015 → F (现在完成时) 3. at this time yesterday → A (过去进行时) 4. by the end f last year → B (过去完成时) 5. Lk! → C (现在进行时) 6. next Friday → D (一般将来时)
词汇练习·题型二
7. is 8. was 9. knw 10. has 11. is being built 12. had left
词汇练习·题型三
13. are (family 强调成员) 14. has (each f 谓语用单数) 15. is (时间作主语视为整体) 16. is (就近原则) 17. are (plice 为复数) 18. Is (either 谓语单数) 19. is (学科名词作主语单数) 20. is (furniture 不可数)
Passage 1
21. was 22. created 23. died 24. had held 25. influence 26. said 27. have inspired 28. have been named 29. was built 30. attracts
Passage 2
31. lcated 32. is 33. has preserved 34. cme 35. has invested 36. is recgnized 37. are attracted 38. will be pened / is t be pened 39. are 40. wrk
教学使用建议： 建议分两课时完成：第一课时完成核心知识讲解和词汇练习；第二课时完成两篇语法填空及解析。鼓励学生整理自己的时态标志词表和主谓一致易错点。
常见时态与时间状语
时态
常见时间状语
一般现在时
ften, always, usually, every day, smetimes, n Mndays
一般过去时
yesterday, last week, in 2000, ... ag, then, just nw
现在进行时
nw, at present, at the mment, Lk! Listen!
过去进行时
at that time, at this time yesterday, when/while 从句
现在完成时
since, fr, already, yet, recently, ever, never, in the past few years
过去完成时
by then, by the end f last year, befre 过去时间, 用于宾语从句中
一般将来时
tmrrw, next week, in the future, sn