高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题10 · 语法填空之词性转换韩答案

这是一份高考英语·二轮复习练习专题突破 专题10 · 语法填空之词性转换韩答案，共7页。
核【核心知识·深度解读】
词性转换是语法填空的必考题型，主要考查通过添加后缀改变词性（如动词变名词、形容词变副词等）以及通过前缀改变词义（特别是否定前缀）。掌握常见后缀规则和拼写变化，是解题关键。
二、常见否定前缀
un- (happy → unhappy); in- (crrect → incrrect); im- (pssible → impssible); il- (legal → illegal); ir- (regular → irregular); dis- (agree → disagree); mis- (understand → misunderstand); nn- (smker → nn-smker)
三、解题三步法
① 定词性：分析空格在句中的成分（主语/宾语→名词；定语/表语→形容词；状语→副词）。
② 加后缀：根据所给词和所需词性，添加适当后缀，注意拼写变化（如 y→i 加 ness）。
③ 判语义：根据上下文判断是否需要加否定前缀使句意通顺。
四、 示例
原文：The new technlgy has brught great ________ (benefit) t sciety.
解析：作 brught 的宾语，需用名词，填 benefits。
【词汇练习·题型一】词性转换填空
1. The ________ (develp) f AI has changed ur lives.
2. She is a very ________ (create) artist.
3. We shuld make ________ (wise) chices.
4. It is ________ (legal) t park here.
5. He spke ________ (angry) abut the decisin.
【词汇练习·题型二】选词填空（从括号中选择正确形式）
6. The ________ (beautiful / beauty) f the sunset amazed us.
7. He is a ________ (success / successful) businessman.
8. The mvie had a strng ________ (influence / influential) n me.
9. She answered the questin ________ (crrect / crrectly).
10. It was an ________ (frget / unfrgettable) experience.
【词汇练习·题型三】单句改错（每句一处词性错误）
11. He is a famus act in the film industry.
12. The bk is very interest.
13. She runs quick t catch the bus.
14. We shuld take care f ur healthy.
15. It is imprtance t be hnest.
（答案见后）
题型：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
主题：科学家故事
Marie Curie is ne f the mst 16.________ (influence) scientists in histry. Her 17.________ (discver) f radium changed the wrld. She shwed great 18.________ (determine) and 19.________ (persevere) in her research. Despite many 20.________ (difficult), she never gave up. Her 21.________ (achieve) earned her tw Nbel Prizes. Tday, her 22.________ (cntribute) t science are still 23.________ (wide) recgnized. Yung scientists are 24.________ (deep) inspired by her stry. Her life is a 25.________ (remind) that hard wrk pays ff.
16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ 21.________ 22.________ 23.________ 24.________ 25.________
【解析与思路】
16. influential (形容词，作定语)
17. discvery (名词，作主语)
18. determinatin (名词，作宾语)
19. perseverance (名词，与 determinatin 并列)
20. difficulties (名词复数)
21. achievements (名词复数)
22. cntributins (名词复数)
23. widely (副词，修饰 recgnized)
24. deeply (副词，修饰 inspired)
25. reminder (名词，作表语)
? Passage 2
主题：环保行动
Envirnmental 26.________ (prtect) is a glbal respnsibility. The 27.________ (imprtant) f reducing waste cannt be verstated. Many cuntries have taken 28.________ (effect) measures t limit pllutin. Fr example, the use f plastic bags has been 29.________ (legal) in sme regins. 30.________ (recycle) prgrams are becming mre cmmn. Hwever, sme peple remain 31.________ (aware) f the urgency. It is 32.________ (necessary) t educate the public abut the 33.________ (danger) effects f pllutin. Small actins, like turning ff lights, can make a big 34.________ (different). Gvernments shuld als invest in 35.________ (renew) energy surces.
26.________ 27.________ 28.________ 29.________ 30.________ 31.________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35.________
【解析与思路】
26. prtectin (名词，作主语)
27. imprtance (名词，作主语)
28. effective (形容词，修饰 measures)
29. illegal (形容词，否定前缀，非法的)
30. Recycling (动名词，作定语)
31. unaware (形容词，否定前缀，未意识到的)
32. necessary (形容词，作表语)
33. dangerus (形容词，修饰 effects)
34. difference (名词，make a difference)
35. renewable (形容词，可再生能源)
参考答案及解析
词汇练习·题型一
1. develpment 2. creative 3. wise 4. illegal 5. angrily
词汇练习·题型二
6. beauty 7. successful 8. influence 9. crrectly 10. unfrgettable
词汇练习·题型三
11. act → actr 12. interest → interesting 13. quick → quickly 14. healthy → health 15. imprtance → imprtant
Passage 1
16. influential 17. discvery 18. determinatin 19. perseverance 20. difficulties 21. achievements 22. cntributins 23. widely 24. deeply 25. reminder
Passage 2
26. prtectin 27. imprtance 28. effective 29. illegal 30. Recycling 31. unaware 32. necessary 33. dangerus 34. difference 35. renewable
教学使用建议： 建议分两课时完成：第一课时完成核心知识讲解和词汇练习；第二课时完成两篇语法填空及解析。鼓励学生总结常见后缀的规律，并注意拼写变化（如 -y 结尾变 i 加 -ness）。
一、常见后缀及功能（配高考真题例句）
后缀
功能
例词
高考真题
-tin / -sin
动词→名词
invent → inventin
the ________ (prtect) f envirnment (2024·全国甲卷)
-ment
动词→名词
develp → develpment
ecnmic ________ (grw) (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)
-ness
形容词→名词
happy → happiness
a sense f ________ (happy) (2023·全国乙卷)
-al
名词→形容词
nature → natural
________ (culture) exchange (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)
-ive
动词→形容词
attract → attractive
an ________ (impress) perfrmance (2025·全国甲卷)
-ly
形容词→副词
quick → quickly
run ________ (fast) (2023·全国甲卷)