广东省深圳市深圳中学中考模拟英语试题（解析版）-A4

这是一份广东省深圳市深圳中学中考模拟英语试题（解析版）-A4，共20页。
2. 答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. -----Whse bk is this ?-----It ur gegraphy teacher’s Yu see ,his name is n it.
A. can’t beB. can beC. mustn’t beD. must be
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：句意：--这是谁的书？--它一定是我们地理老师的书。你看，他的名字在上面。分析：通过地理老师的名字在书的上面，表示一个肯定的猜测，因此运用情态动词must.故选 D
考点：考查情态动词的用法。
2. - I think we shuld take nt nly an umbrella but als a raincat with us.
- ________. In my pinin, an umbrella is enugh.
A. I'm OKB. I'm afraid ntC. I disagreeD. Yu're welcme
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】--我认为我们应该随身不仅要带把雨伞还要带一件雨衣。--我不同意。在我看来一把雨伞足够了。A. I'm OK我很好；B. I'm afraid nt恐怕不行；C. I disagree我不同意；D. Yu're welcme没关系。根据题意，故选C。
3. —________ mre and mre freigners cming t ur cuntry t learn Chinese?
—Of curse. Because f the fast develpment, many freign cuntries pay mre attentin t China.
A. will there beB. will be thereC. Are there ging t have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意“-会有越来越多的外国人来我们的国家学汉语吗？-当然，由于快速的发展，许多其他国家更加关注中国”。本题考查there be用法。there be句型不与have连用，排除C。一般将来时为there will be，一般疑问句为will there be，故选A。
4. -D yu knw the _____________ f prtecting wild animals?
- Sure, They are ur friends, if they die ut, we will feel lnely and sad n the earth.
A. infrmatinB. differenceC. imprtanceD. silence
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：--你知道保护野生动物的重要性吗？--当然，它们是我们的朋友，如果他们灭亡了，我们也会感到在这个地球上的孤独和悲哀。A. infrmatin 信息；B. difference差异；C. imprtance重要性；D. silence沉默。根据句意They are ur friends, if they die ut, we will feel lnely and sad n the earth，可知是保护野生动物的重要性。故选C。
5. China Dream will be able t cme true we try ur best.
A. unlessB. untilC. althughD. as lng as
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：只要我们尽全力，中国梦将会实现。考查连词。A. unless除非；B. until直到；C. althugh虽然；D. as lng as只要。根据句意可知，是只要我们尽全力，中国梦将会实现。故选D
6. --Must I take the pills after the meals?
--N,yu_______.It’s OK if yu take them befre the meals.
A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shuldn’tD. needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——在饭后我必须吃药吗？——不，你不必，如果你在饭前吃是没关系的。A. mustn’t 禁止；B. can’t不能； C. shuldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。对于must开头的一般疑问句，做否定回答要用needn’t。故选D。
7. An _________ is a scientific test that is dne t study what happens and t get new knwledge.
A. experimentB. experienceC. advantage
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：实验是一种科学测试，用来研究发生了什么，并获得新的知识。
A.实验；B.经历；C.优势。根据定义可知，译为“实验”，故选A。
8. She ________n the phne,s I just smiled at her and went away.
A. has talkedB. was talkingC. will talkD. is talking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：她正在打电话，所以我只是朝她笑笑就走了。考查动词时态辨析。s所以，表结果；根据s I just smiled at her and went away，可知她正在打电话，需用过去进行时，故选B。
9. —Must I stay here with yu, Mum?
—N yu ________.Yu may g hme nw, but yu________g t the net-bar.
A. mustn't; needn'tB. needn't; mustn't
C. must; needD. need; must
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我必须和你一起待在这里吗？——不，没必要，你可以现在回家，但是你不可以去网吧。
考查情态动词。第一个设空处根据答语中的N．可知为否定回答，意思是"不，没必要"，以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答还用must，而否定回答一般借助于needn't或dn't have t，表示"没必要"，第二个设空处表示禁止孩子去网吧用mustn't，表示强烈禁止。故选B。
10. —When shall we g t watch the basketball match in the sprts center?
—Nt until the wrk ________ tmrrw.
A. will be finishedB. is finished
C. will finishD. has finished
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们什么时候去体育中心看篮球赛？——直到明天工作完成。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子的主语是the wrk与动词finish是逻辑上的被动关系，是动作的承受者，故句子是要用被动语态；nt until引导一个时间状语从句，从句不能用将来时，主句是一般将来时，从句要一般现在时表示将来。故用一般现在时的被动语态，即am/is/are+及物动词过去分词，故选B。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
Daddy didn’t knw hw t shw lve. He went t wrk every day and blamed (责备) me fr the mistakes I had made when he came hme.
Once I brke my leg and it was ___11___ wh held me in her arms all the way t the hspital. Later Dad parked the car right up t the dr f the hspital.
They asked him t mve it, saying the space was saved fr the ambulances (救护车), he ___12___, “What d yu think this is? A tur bus?” He seemed implite t peple arund. Hwever, he just culdn’t wait t see me.
At my birthday parties, Dad always seemed ut f place (不在场). He just kept himself ___13___ blwing up ballns, setting up tables, and welcming the guests. It was Mm wh carried the cake with the candles n it fr me t blw ut.
When I learned t ride a bike, I asked him nt t ___14___ me alne(单独的), but he said it was time. I fell and Mm ran t pick me up, but he stpped her. I was s ___15___ that I shwed him that I culd ride it myself. He just ___16___.
When I went t cllege, Mm did ___17___ f the writing. He just sent mney and a little nte abut hw great his garden lked nw just because I wasn’t playing ftball n it.
Whenever I called hme, he ___18___ like he wanted t talk but always said, “Wait, Tim. I’ll get yur mther.”
When I gt married(结婚), Mm cried. He just blew his nse(擤鼻子) ___19___ and left the rm.
All my life he said, “Where are yu ging? What time are yu cming hme? N, yu cannt g.”
Daddy just didn’t knw hw t shw lve, it pssible he shwed it and I didn’t knw it?
11. A. MmB. DadC. Grandma
12 A. talkedB. shutedC. laughed
13. A. freeB. relaxedC. busy
14. A. takeB. leaveC. put
15. A. happyB. wrriedC. angry
16. A. smiledB. criedC. stpped
17. A. smeB. nneC. all
18. A. actedB. thughtC. mved
19. A. clearlyB. carefullyC. ludly
20. A. althughB. unlessC. if
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了作者的成长过程中他父亲对他的行为，父亲不会表达对他的爱，但是他的确爱着他。
【11题详解】
句意：有一次我摔断了腿，是妈妈一路抱着我去了医院。
A. Mm妈妈，B. Dad爸爸，C. Grandma祖母。根据后文的Later Dad parked the car right up t the dr f the hspital.可知，后来爸爸来医院，因此是妈妈抱着我去的医院，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：他们叫他把它挪开，说那地方是给救护车用的，他喊道:“你以为这是什么?旅游巴士吗?”
A. talked谈论，B. shuted大喊，C. laughed大笑。根据后文的He seemed implite t peple arund.可知，他不礼貌，此处应是大喊。故选B。
【13题详解】
句意：他只是让自己忙着吹气球，摆桌子，欢迎客人。
A. free自由的，B. relaxed放松的，C. busy忙碌的。keep busy ding sth一直忙于做某事，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：当我学会骑自行车时，我叫他不要离开我，但他说时间到了。
A. take拿走，B. leave离开，C. put放。根据后文的but he said it was time.可知，他说时间到了，因此表示要离开我。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：我很生气，我让他看到我可以自己骑。
A. happy高兴的，B. wrried担心的，C. angry生气的。根据前文的I fell and Mm ran t pick me up, but he stpped her.可知，我摔倒了，他阻止妈妈去扶我，因此我生气了。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：他只是笑了笑。
A. smiled微笑，B. cried哭，C. stpped停止。根据前文的I was s ___5___ that I shwed him that I culd ride it myself.可知，他看到我证明能骑自行车，他感到高兴，因此笑了，故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：我上大学的时候，所有的书写内容都是妈妈写的。
A. sme一些，B. nne没有一个，C. all都。此处表示上大学所有书写的内容，用all修饰，和爸爸只给钱做对比，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：无论我什么时候打电话回家，他表现得像他想要说话，但却说：“蒂姆，等一下，我让你妈妈来。”
A. acted表现，B. thught认为，C. mved移动。act like表现得像，故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：他只是大声擤了擤鼻子就离开了房间。
A. clearly清楚地，B. carefully认真地，C. ludly大声地。结合语境及修饰动宾短语blew his nse表示声音，用副词ludly，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：爸爸只是不知道如何表达爱，除非……
A. althugh尽管，B. unless除非，C. if如果。根据后文的Was it pssible he shwed it and I didn’t knw it? 有可能是他给我表达了他的爱，我却不知道吗?可知，此处表示另外一种情况，表示他做了我没有看到，因此用unless引导条件状语从句，故选B。
【点睛】根据前后文的语境，认真辨析选项里的单词或短语的词义，结合词性，短语，句型，时态，语态和主谓一致，选出正确的选项。例如小题2，句意：他们叫他把它挪开，说那地方是给救护车用的，他喊道:“你以为这是什么?旅游巴士吗?”A. talked谈论，B. shuted大喊，C. laughed大笑。根据后文的He seemed implite t peple arund.可知，他不礼貌，此处应是大喊。故选B。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
Think befre we speak!
It was a sunny and enjyable day. Everyne in the railway statin was waiting fr the train___21___(arrive). Amng the crwd, there was a grup f yung friends wh were n bard fr vacatin.
It was a busy statin with a lt f peple and sme juice shps, cffee and tea stalls, newspaper shps, etc. The train was arriving and everyne prepared t get int the train t their seats.
The grup f friends made lud nise____22____(welcme) the train as it mved int the statin. They ran t get their seats befre anyne entered the train.
The empty seats were___23___(fill) and the train whistled (鸣汽笛) t mve. An ld man with a yung by___24___(age) arund 15 had their seats just next t the friends' grup. The yung by was s___25___(surprise) t see everything. He cheered, "Dad, the train is mving and the things___26___(mve) backward."
His father smiled and___27___(nd) his head.
As the train started mving fast, the yung by again screamed (尖叫) , "Dad, the trees are green in clr and run backward very fast." His father said, “Yes, dear," and smiled.
Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great___28___(interesting).
A fruit seller passed___29___(sell) apples, bananas and ranges. The yung by asked his dad, "I want t eat apples." His father bught sme fr him. He said, "Oh, this apple lks a lt____30____(sweet) than it tastes. I lve this clr." The grup was watching all the activities f this by and asked the by's father, "Is yur sn having any prblem? Why is he behaving s____31____(different)?"
"His sn is mad, I think," a friend frm the grup made fun f him and shuted.
The father f the yung by, with patience, replied t the friends’ grup, “My sn was brn blind. Only a few days ag he____32____(perate). He is seeing different things in his life fr the first time."
The yung friends became very quiet.
【答案】21. t arrive
22. t welcme
23. filled 24. aged
25. surprised
26. are mving
27. ndded 28. interest
29. selling/t sell
30. sweeter
31. differently
32. was perated
【解析】
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个老人带着大约15岁的少年坐火车。少年对周围的一切事物感到好奇，于是周围的青年都认为他有毛病。老人告诉他们，小孩以前是盲人，几天前才做了手术，说以对看到的事物感到好奇。这个故事告诉我们，在没搞清楚事实之前，一定不要乱说话。
【21题详解】
句意“在火车站的每一个人都等待着火车的到来”。根据 d“等待……做某事”可知，故填t arrive。
【22题详解】
句意“当火车进站时，这队朋友发出巨大的噪音来欢迎火车”。根据句意可知，发出噪音的目的是为了欢迎火车，t d表示目的，故填t welcme。
【23题详解】
句意“空位很快就被人占满了并且火车鸣笛前进”。主语为the empty seats与fill之间为被动be dne，故填filled。
【24题详解】
句意“一个老人和一个大约15岁的小孩的座位在朋友团旁边”。空处用过去分词作后置定语，修饰a yung by,故填aged。
【25题详解】
句意“这个小男孩看到每一件事物都如此地惊奇”。根据空前was可知，用形容词，且修饰人，surprised惊奇的，故填surprised。
【26题详解】
句意“爸爸，火车正在移动，并且事物正在往后移动”。根据is mving可知，用现在完成时，表示“正在往后移动”，且主语为things，故填are mving。
【27题详解】
句意“他的父亲微笑着并且点着他的头”。根据空前and可知，空处与smiled一致，用一般过去式，故填ndded。
【28题详解】
句意“就像一个孩子一样，他以极大的兴趣注视着一切”。with great interest有极大的兴趣。故填interest。
【29题详解】
句意“一个卖水果的人经过卖水果”。本句话中逻辑主语为a fruit seller与sell之间为主动关系，用selling；根据句意可知，表示“为了卖水果”，t d表示目的，故填selling/t sell。
【30题详解】
句意“这个苹果看起来比吃起来甜多了”根据空前than可知，用比较级，故填sweeter。
【31题详解】
句意“你的儿子有问题吗？为什么他的行为如此地不同”。根据句意可知，空处修饰动词behave，用副词，故填differently。
【32题详解】
句意“我的儿子是一个盲人，几天前他做了手术”。主语为he，与谓语动词perate之间为被动be dne，且根据a few days ag可知，用一般过去时，故填was perated。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Many peple like cking but never have much time fr it. Helen Fry’s new bk Quick Cking has been specially written fr busy peple. It has ver 1,000 ways t ck dishes. The bk is well written and the phtgraphs and the drawings are clear. The bk has a strng plastic cver. It is easy t find yur way arund it, t. And busy peple, ntice this! Mrs. Fry tells yu hw much time yu need in rder t get each dish ready.
Quick Cking has fur parts, ne fr each seasn. This helps yu t use fresh fruit and vegetables when they are cheaper and, f curse, better. There are a lt f exciting ideas frm freign cuntries, and mst f the ways are nt cmplicated (复杂的). Yu take smething simple like a chicken r sme cheese, and make an unusual dish ut f it. Fr example, there are n fewer than 40 ways fr cking eggs! The beginner will have t find ut a lt f things fr him t try many f the ways as sn as he reads them. Fr peple with little spare time, Helen Fry’s Quick Cking is f excellent value.
33. The writer writes this shrt passage in rder t _________.
A. make yu like cking
B. let yu knw the bk Quick Cking
C. help yu t ck eggs
D. teach yu cking
34. Helen Fry’s bk is called Quick Cking because _________.
A. nne f the dishes are cmplicated
B. there are ver 1,000 ways t ck dishes in it
C. it is written fr peple wh dn’t have much time
D. it tells yu hw t ck all kinds f fd quickly
35. Busy peple shuld pay mre attentin t the pint that ________.
A. it is easy t find yur way arund the bk
B. hw lng each dish takes t ck
C. there are phtgraphs and drawings in this bk
D. the bk has a strng cver
36. “It is easy t find yur way arund it t.” means _________.
A. it is easy t find things arund the bk
B. it is easy t find things in the supermarket t prepare the fd in the bk
C. it is easy t find the ways yu want t ck dishes in the bk
D. it is easy t find the cver f the bk
【答案】33. B 34. C 35. B 36. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了很多人喜欢烹饪，但是从来没有多少时间。海伦·弗莱的新书《快速烹饪》是专门为工作繁忙的人写的。它拥有超过1000道菜。这本书写得很好，有很清楚的照片和图。《快速烹饪》有四个部分，每一部分适合一个季节。这有助于你使用新鲜的水果和蔬菜。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了海伦·弗莱的新书《快速烹饪》，旨在让你了解这本书。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Helen Fry’s new bk Quick Cking has been specially written fr busy peple.”可知，海伦·弗莱的新书《快速烹饪》是专门为工作繁忙的人写的。故选C。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“And busy peple, ntice this! Mrs. Fry tells yu hw much time yu need in rder t get each dish ready.”可知，海伦·弗莱告诉你为了把每道菜准备好你需要多少时间。故选B。
【36题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“The bk is well written and the phtgraphs and the drawings are clear. The bk has a strng plastic cver.”可知，这本书写得很好，有很清楚的照片和绘画。因此你可以容易地在书中找到你想做的菜的做法。故选C。
B
Squirrels (松鼠）are getting ready fr winter. They are lking fr nuts and seeds，digging hles in the grund r finding hles in trees. That’s where they stre the fd they will need during the cming mnths, when the weather is cld and smetimes snwy.
Squirrels spend a lt f time in trees, which are like restaurants fr them. Amng their favrite things t eat are nuts and ther parts f trees，like tender buds(花苞).
Squirrels may als eat cm, insects and ther animals. And, as anyne wh has a bird knws, squirrels lve bird fd!
Squirrels stay active all winter, s they need plenty f fd t help keep up their energy. Squirrels tend t bury fd undergrund, piece by piece. Sme squirrels may gather fd int piles that they put at the base f trees r bury undergrund.
When they need fd, squirrels use their memry and smell t help them find what they buried. Smetimes，yu’ll even see them digging thrugh the snw.
Squirrels make nests in trees. Sme squirrels spend much f the winter in undergrund tunnels(地道)where it is warmer.
When spring cmes, squirrels change their eating habits t new plant grwth, like buds and leaves. Smetimes they frget t dig up all their buried nuts.
That’s why yu’ll smetimes find a little tree grwing in a place where neither yu nr yur family planted it. It must have been the squirrels.
37. T get ready fr winter, squirrels d all f the fllwing EXCEPT .
A. stre leaves t keep warmB. lk fr nuts and seeds
C. find hles in treesD. dig hles in the grund
38. Why d squirrels spend a lt f time in trees?
A. Because they can keep warm in trees.B. Because they can find bird fd there.
C. Because their favrite fd is there.D. Because they can find insects there.
39. The underlined part “tend t bury” in Paragraph 4 means .
A. never buryB. seldm buryC. usually buryD. hardly bury
40. Accrding t the passage, we knw that .
A. squirrels d nt eat any ther animals
B. squirrels sleep all the time during winter
C. squirrels plant yung trees when spring cmes
D. squirrels smetimes fail t find all f their buried nuts
41. The passage is mainly abut .
A. what squirrels are likeB. hw squirrels spend winter
C. where squirrels bury fdD. why squirrels stre fd fr winter
【答案】37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 41. B
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了松鼠是如何过冬的，前期要准备过冬的食物，通常储存在树洞里或埋在地下。当它们需要食物时，松鼠利用它们的记忆和气味来帮助它们找到埋在地下的东西。松鼠整个冬天都很活跃。松鼠最喜欢吃的东西是坚果和其他部分的树，比如嫩芽，也可以吃玉米、昆虫和其他动物。春天来临时，松鼠的饮食习惯会随着新植物的生长而改变。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Squirrels（松鼠）are getting ready fr winter. They are lking fr nuts and seeds, digging hles in the grund r finding hles in trees. 可知，松鼠过冬的时候，它们寻找坚果和种子，在地上挖洞或在树上寻找洞穴，并不会储存叶子来保暖，因此答案为A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Squirrels spend a lt f time in trees, which are like restaurants fr them.可知，松鼠们很多时间都在树上，树对于松鼠来说就是“restaurant”，也就是饭馆，因此松鼠在树上可以找到吃的，因此答案为C。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。划线词所在的句子是Squirrels tend t bury fd undergrund, piece by piece.而后面出现的句子是Sme squirrels may gather fd int piles that they put at the base f trees r bury undergrund. 有些松鼠可能会把食物堆在树下或埋在地下。因此将食物埋在土里是最常用的方法，也就是它们通常将食物埋在土里，只不过有些松鼠会存在树洞里，因此这里的tend t 代表的就是usually“通常”，因此答案为C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据Squirrels may als eat crn，insects and ther animals.可知，松鼠会吃玉米、昆虫和其他小动物，因此A错误；根据Squirrels stay active all winter可知，松鼠在整个冬天都很活跃，并不是一直睡觉，因此B错误；根据Smetimes they frget t dig up all their buried nuts. That's why yu'll smetimes find a little tree grwing in a place where neither yu nr yur family planted it. It must have been the squirrels.可知，有些松鼠会忘记把它们的食物全部挖出来，因此有的时候它们埋藏的种子会发芽，但是并不意味着它们在春天种树，因此C错误；正确答案为D。
【41题详解】
文章主旨题。根据文中的内容可知，本文详细讲述了松鼠在冬天的活动，也就是松鼠如何越冬，因此答案为B。
C
Many peple travel t different places in the wrld by air. Usually it takes a lng time, perhaps half a day, fr passengers t stay in the plane. S airlines ffer passengers fd. But it is cmmn that they feel bad abut fd taste. D yu agree?
T slve this prblem , airlines try hard t imprve their fd. They wuld like t d s because they dn’t want t lse custmers.
Hwever, accrding t scientific research, part f the reasn why plane fd tastes bad is that at high altitude( 海拔 )we can nt taste things as well as we d n the grund. Als scientists have fund that ur nses becme very dry even befre a plane takes ff. As the plane mves up, the change in air pressure( 气压 ) reduces ne third f the sensibility(感觉 )f ur taste buds( 味蕾 ).S ur taste buds becme senseless. The sad face, hwever, is that ur nses dn’t knw it.
All f these help explain why fd n the plane tastes s bad. They als help explain why airlines chse t ffer passengers salty and spicy( 辛辣 )fd. Withut ding s, the fd wuld be tasteless.
Nw there are many researches n this. Accrding t ne f them, sme vlunteers are asked t lie with their feet higher than their heads fr weeks. And scientists write dwn their feelings abut fd taste.
Thugh scientists try their best, it is nt as easy as they thught. Because they can’t deal with the special envirnment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making fd taste gd is still hard fr them.
42. In Paragraph2,“this prblem” means _______.
A. passengers stay lng in the plane
B. fd n the plane tastes bad
C. passengers have n fd t eat
D. fd n the plane is expensive
43. Why d scientists feel it hard t made fd n the plane taste gd?
A. The vlunteers dn’t knw abut fd taste.
B. The vlunteers dn’t understand them.
C. They can’t find enugh vlunteers.
D. They can’t deal with the special envirnment successfully.
44. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Taste f Airplane Fd
B. Airplane Travel
C. Scientific Research n Nses
D. The Change in Air Pressure.
【答案】42. B 43. D 44. A
【解析】
【分析】很多人经常坐飞机旅行，他们觉得飞机上的食物非常难吃，很多航空公司和科学家们也努力地解决这个问题，但很难，因为他们不能成功地应对特殊的环境，如气压的变化。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。this prblem这个问题指代的是第一段But it is cmmn that they feel bad abut fd taste, D yu agree?“飞机上的食物比较难吃”，故应选B。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段Thugh scientists try their best, it is nt as easy as they thught, Because they can’t deal with the special envirnment successfully可知，尽管科学家们尽了最大努力，但是解决这个问题是不容易的，因为他们不能成功应对特殊的环境。由此可知应选D。
44题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇短文由人们经常乘坐飞机旅行引入了话题—飞机上食物味道不好，然后介绍了航空公司以及科学们努力改善这种情况，但这个问题比较难解决。因此整篇文章都围绕“解决飞机上食物的口味”来进行的，故A选项的题目最能概括文意，选A。
【点睛】这篇短文给我们介绍的是如何解决飞机上食物口味的问题。短文主题明确，内容比较容易理解。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后阅读下面的题目，根据题目所问，锁定相关段落或语句作答。例如第2小题，根据题干中scientists feel it hard t made fd n the plane taste gd可定位至文章最后一段，Thugh scientists try their best, it is nt as easy as they thught, Because they can’t deal with the special envirnment successfully可知，尽管科学家们尽了最大努力，但是解决这个问题是不容易的，因为他们不能成功应对特殊的环境。由此可知应选D。
D
One yung excellent persn was trying t find a high psitin in a big cmpany. It was the manager wh wuld make the final decisin.
The manager discvered that the yung man did an excellent jb in his cllege, which arused the manager’s curisity.
The manager asked, “Wh paid fr yur cllege?”
The yung man answered, “My father passed away when I was ne year ld, s it was just my mther.”
“What did yur mther d?” The manager seemed surprised.
“She is a clthes cleaner,” the yung man answered, with n feeling.
“Have yu ever helped yur mther wash sme clthes befre?”
“Never. My mther always wanted me t study and read mre bks. She culd wash clthes faster than me,” the yung man seemed puzzled (迷惑) when answering.
“Well, nw I need yu t d smething. When yu g back hme tday, clean yur mther’s hands and see me tmrrw.”
The yuth was happy when hearing this because he felt that his chance f getting the jb was great. When he went hme, he happily asked his mther t let him clean her hands. His mther felt strange but happy. With mixed feelings, she shwed her hands.
The yung man cleaned his mther’s hands, with tears falling. It was the first time he nticed that his mther’s hands were s wrinkled (皱的), and there were s many wunds. This pair f hands enabled him t g thrugh cllege. This pair f hands was the price that his mther had t pay fr his life and his future.
The next mrning, the manager asked the yung man, “Nw tell me what yu learned yesterday.”
After hearing what he said, the manager knew the yung man had learned his lessn. “This is the man whm I am lking fr. Yu are hired (聘用了).”
45. What attracted the attentin f the manager when he was interviewing the yung man?
A. The yung man’s father.
B. The yung man’s clthes.
C. The yung man’s excellent jb in cllege.
D. The yung man’s high psitin in cmpany.
46. The manager asked the yung man sme questins because he wanted t knw_____.
A. hw the yung man gt the jb in the cmpany
B. wh enabled the yung man t finish his cllege
C. why the yung man’s father wanted him t study
D. hw fast the yung man’s mther culd wash clthes
47. The manager asked the yung man t clean his mther’s hands because _____.
A. he wanted the yung man and his mther t have a talk
B. he wanted the yung man t knw his mther’s lve fr him
C. the yung man felt sure he wuld get the jb in the cmpany
D. the yung man had never wanted t study r read mre bks
48. After the yung man washed his mther’s hands, he knew_____.
A. why his mther culd wash clthes faster than he did
B. when he wuld get the jb ffer frm the cmpany
C. what his mther had dne fr his life and his future
D. why his mther didn’t want him t wash her hands
49. Which f the fllwing might be the best title fr this passage?
A. Mther’s hands.B. A big cmpany.
C. Mixed feelings.D. The manager’s hands.
【答案】45. C 46. B 47. B 48. C 49. A
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：一个优秀的年轻人试图找到一个大公司的高端位置就职。这是经理作出最后的决定了，经理发现，这个年轻人在他大学期间工作出色，使他很感兴趣。当经理了解到是他的母亲通过洗衣苦苦支撑这位年轻人上学时，他要求年轻人回家给母亲洗手。年轻人回家给母亲洗手时，才第一次意识到母亲的不易。第二天，经理听了年轻人的回答，最后录用了他。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中的信息The manager discvered that the yung man did an excellent jb in his cllege, which arused the manager’s interest.可知，是这个年轻人在大学里出色的工作引起了经理的注意，故答案选C。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中的信息The manager asked, “ Wh paid fr yur cllege?”可知，经理问“谁为你付学费？”是想了解谁使这个年轻人完成了大学的学业，故答案选B。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中的信息The yung man cleaned his mther's hands, with tears falling. It was the first time he nticed that his mther's hands were s wrinkled , and there were s many wunds. This pair f hands enabled him t g thrugh cllege. This pair f hands was the price that his mther had t pay fr his life and his future.可知，年轻人通过给他妈妈洗手，知道了妈妈用这双手供他读完大学的不易，这充分体现了妈妈对他的爱，所以经理让年轻人给他妈妈洗手是想让他知道他妈妈对他的爱，故答案选B。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中的信息This pair f hands enabled him t g thrugh cllege. This pair f hands was the price that his mther had t pay fr his life and his future.可知，年轻人给他妈妈洗完手后，他才知道他能顺利读完大学，是妈妈这双手为他的生命和未来付出了代价。故答案选C。
【49题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文是记叙了一位成绩出色的大学毕业生去应聘，当面试者了解到是他的母亲通过洗衣苦苦支撑这位年轻人上学时，他要求年轻人回家给母亲洗手。年轻人回家给母亲洗手时，才第一次意识到母亲的不易，懂得了母亲对自己的爱。结合选项A. Mther’s hands母亲的手；B. A big cmpany一个大公司；C. Mixed feelings矛盾的心情；D. The manager’s hands经理的手。可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
E
There are hundreds f marathns (马拉松) held arund the wrld each year, frm the Nrth Ple t the Sahara Desert. Here are sme f the biggest and the best.
50. Accrding t the passage, the Lndn Marathn is ______.
A. the earliestB. the clestC. held in winterD. the best at raising mney
51. Hw many peple finished the first New Yrk City Marathn?
A. Abut 5,000.B. Over 50,000.C. Nearly 10,000.D. 55.
52. The idea f the Bstn Marathn was brn thanks t the marathn held in _______.
A. 1896B. 1897C. 1898D. 1900
53. Hw lng is the histry f the wrld’s clest marathn?
A. 16 years.B. 17 years.C. 35 years.D. 46 years.
54. Where des the passage prbably cme frm?
A. A gegraphy bk.B. A sprts magazine.C. A news reprt.D. A schl ntice.
【答案】50. D 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. B
【解析】
【分析】短文介绍了世界上最大和最好的马拉松比赛：最挣钱的伦敦马拉松、参与人数最多纽约马拉松—2016年参与人数达51,394为选手完成了赛事；世界上每一年举办的波士顿马拉松是最古老的；最寒冷的北极马拉松。
【50题详解】
D 细节理解题。根据表格第一栏的Since it started, it has raised ver ￡770 millin.可知，自从它开始以来，伦敦马拉松已经筹到了7.70亿英镑钱。可知它是最赚钱的。故乡D。
【51题详解】
D 细节理解题。根据第二栏The New Yrk City Marathn has grwn frm a race with 55 finishers t the wrld’s biggest and mst ppular marathn.可知，第一次的纽约马拉松参与者有55人。故乡D。
【52题详解】
A 细节理解题。根据The idea f creating the event came frm the marathn held at the Summer Olympics in Greece the year befre.可知，波士顿马拉松的想法来自于一年前在希腊举办的夏季奥运会马拉松，根据上一句It was started in 1897.提到波士顿马拉松第一次举办是在1897年，那么前一年是1896年。故乡A。
【53题详解】
A 数据计算题。根据表格最后一栏The first fficial race was held n April 17, 2003.一句可知，北极马拉松是最寒冷的，开始于2003年4月17日，距今年(2019)的时间是2019-2003=16年，故乡A。
【54题详解】
B 推理判断题。结合材料内容可知，介绍的是四个世界上最大和最佳的马拉松比赛，马拉松比赛的体育运动，所以可能选择运动杂志。故乡B。
F
Dear Mm,
I’m srry that I can’t g back hme fr Mther’s Day next week. On that day, I’ll have t g t an imprtant meeting fr my bss, wh helps me a lt with my wrk and life here. But I’ll find time t see yu at hme sn.
Mm, thank yu fr everything yu’ve dne fr Tim and me. After Dad died f a heart attack at hme ten years ag in a rad accident, yu had t wrk in a supermarket in the daytime and in a restaurant at night. But yu always gave us tw yur lve and care. Thugh yu dn’t have t wrk nw, I still remember yur cming hme and feeling tired many evenings.
Tim is ging t finish his studies next mnth. He said he wuld mve back frm schl and lk fr a jb near hme. I’m glad yu wn’t live by yurself any mre. Let’s plan t take a trip in the near future. It’s been years since the three f us tk a trip tgether.
Happy Mther’s Day. I lve yu, Mm.
Best wishes,
David
55. What can we learn abut David’s mther?
A. She still wrks day and night.
B. She lives all by herself nw.
C. She is making a plan t save mney.
D. She used t be t busy t lk after her children.
56. What d we knw frm the letter?
A. David has tw brthers.
B. David is unhappy with his bss.
C. David has t wrk n Mther’s Day.
D. Tim will leave hme fr his jb sn.
57. Which f the fllwing is mentined in the letter?
A. David’s father lst his life at wrk.
B. Tim will lk fr a teaching jb.
C. David bught a gift fr his mther.
D. David hpes t take a trip with his family.
【答案】55 A 56. C 57. D
【解析】
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文介绍的是作者给妈妈写的一封感谢信，感谢妈妈多年的付出，还有弟弟就要在家附近找工作，然后妈妈不用一人独自生活了。
【55题详解】
A细节理解题。根据He said he wuld mve back frm schl and lk fr a jb near hme. I’m glad yu wn’t live by yurself any mre.可知他说他要从学校搬回来，然后在家附近寻找工作。我很高兴你不必独自居住了。可知她现在还独自一人居住。故选A。
【56题详解】
C细节理解题。根据 On that day, I’ll have t g t an imprtant meeting fr my bss, wh helps me a lt with my wrk and life here.可知在母亲节那天作者要去参加一个非常重要的会议。 故应该选C。
【57题详解】
D细节理解题。根据Let’s plan t take a trip in the near future. It’s been years since the three f us tk a trip tgether.可知作者计划着和家人一起去旅行。故选D。
考点：考查日常生活类阅读。
Ⅴ.书面表达
58. 是否应该帮助陌生人
最近，你们班就“是否应该帮助陌生人”展开了讨论，同学们就这一话题意见不一，你的看法如何？根据所提供的信息，以“Shuld We Help Strangers?”为题，写一篇短文。
要求：（1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
（2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥；
（3）词数：100左右（征文开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
参考词汇：美德virtue
Shuld We Help Strangers?
Recently ur class had a discussin abut whether we shuld help strangers. Different students have different pinins._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Shuld We Help Strangers?
Recently ur class had a discussin abut whether we shuld help strangers. Different students have different pinins.
Sme think we shuld try t help strangers. Helping thers is a virtue, and helping thers is helping urselves. We may cme acrss sme truble and need thers’ help sme day. If everyne isn’t willing t help us just because we are strangers t them, it’s hard t imagine what ur wrld will be like. Hwever, sme are afraid that helping thers can smetimes bring us truble. Smetimes we are just misunderstd and even have t pay the cst f kindness.
In my pinin, we shuld try ur best t help thers when they are in need f help, but we shuld als prtect urselves frm getting int truble. If everyne tries a little kindness, ur wrld will be full f lve.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据表格内的信息，以“Shuld We Help Strangers?”为题，写一篇短文。
Lndn Marathn
The Lndn Marathn was first run n March 29, 1981 and has been held in spring f every year since then. The mst recent event was the 2016 Lndn Marathn n April 24, 2016. The Lndn Marathn is best at raising mney. Since it started, it has raised ver ￡770 millin.
New Yrk City
Marathn
The New Yrk City Marathn has grwn frm a race with 55 finishers t the wrld’s biggest and mst ppular marathn. 51,394 runners finished the event in 2016. The race has been rganized every year since 1970. It was nt held nly in 2012.
Bstn
Marathn
This is the ldest marathn held every year in the wrld. It was started in 1897. The idea f creating the event came frm the marathn held at the Summer Olympics in Greece the year befre. The Bstn Marathn is held in Greater Bstn in the state f Massachusetts in America.
Nrth Ple
Marathn
Fr anyne wh desn’t mind freezing cnditins, the Nrth Ple Marathn — knwn as the wrld’s clest marathn — takes place n the tp f the wrld, arund the Nrth Ple. The first fficial race was held n April 17, 2003.
原因
赞成
帮助他人是美德；
帮助他人就是帮助自己；
反对
怕陷入麻烦；
怕被误解；
你的观点？（至少两点）