用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读——历史古迹（解析版）-2026届高考英语一轮复习讲练（全国通用）

这是一份用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读——历史古迹（解析版）-2026届高考英语一轮复习讲练（全国通用），共22页。试卷主要包含了 C 细节理解题， A 推理判断题， B主旨大意题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passage 1阅读理解 A
主题语境：历史古迹语篇类型：说明文词数: 315建议用时：7分钟
The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City are recgnized as the first city in China and prvide archaelgical evidence that Chinese civilizatin has a histry f ver 5,000 years. The site was listed as a Wrld Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2019. UNESCO describes it as“representing the great achievement f prehistric rice-cultivating civilizatin f China ver 5,000 years ag, and an utstanding example f early urban civilizatin”.
Lcated in the Yangtze River Basin n the suth-eastern cast f the cuntry, the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City were the plitical and religius center f an early reginal state in the Taihu Lake Basin. * The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City reveal an early reginal state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its ecnmic base, and scial differentiatin and a unified belief system, which existed in the Late Nelithic perid in China.
This 5,300-year-ld city was first discvered by Shi Xingeng in 1936, and then became knwn t the wrld after many years f archaelgical excavatins.The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City have been designated as a Natinal Key Cultural Relics Prtectin Unit, and are the mst representative prehistric large-scale settlement in East Asia, marking a milestne in the develpment f human civilizatin. The Liangzhu culture,as the peak f early rice agriculture in the frmatin stage f Chinese civilizatin, had a prfund impact n the evlutin f Chinese culture fr the fllwing five thusand years.
The cmplex water cnservancy system arund Liangzhu, alng with the burial sites (including altars)that shw scial classes and excavated items represented by special jade artifacts used in ceremnies, all shw hw small Nelithic scieties changed int an early state.
These discveries clearly shw hw advanced the rice-grwing civilizatins were in the lwer Yangtze River area during the Nelithic Age. Tgether, they help us understand well that the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City are a great example f an early lcal city civilizatin.
1 Why are the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City imprtant?
A. They are listed as a Wrld Heritage Site by UNESCO.
B. They prve that China grew rice the earliest in the wrld.
C. They indicate that China has a5,000-year-ld civilizatin.
D. They shw that China was successful in city cnstructin.
2 What featured the pre-histric civilizatin in the Taihu Lake Basin?
A. The advanced scial system.B. The well-develped technlgy.
C. The rice-grwn agriculture.D. The prsperus ecnmy.
3 What can we infer frm the discveries f the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City?
A. The civilizatin in the Yangtze River Basin reached a new stage.
B. Peple gathered and lived in cmmunities in well-designed cities.
C. Gd rice harvest increased the ppulatin as well as ecnmy.
D. Nelithic scieties existed a shrt time due t new plitical systems.
4 What can be the best title f the passage?
A. Excavatin f the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City
B. Significance f the Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City
C. Civilizatin Develpment f the Yangtze River Basin
D. Develpment f China’ s Rice-Cultivating Agriculture
参考答案：
良渚古城遗址被誉为中国第一城。2019年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。联合国教科文组织称它“代表了 5000多年前中国史前稻作文明的伟大成就，是早期城市文明的杰出典范”。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City... that Chinese civilizatin has a histry f ver 5,000 years.可知,良渚古城遗址的重要性在于它为中国有5000多年文明史提供了考古证据。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City reveal an early reginal state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its ecnmic base ...可知,良渚古城遗址揭示了新石器时代晚期中国以稻作农业为经济基础，也就是说太湖流域的史前文明以稻作农业为特色。
3. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句 The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City… marking a milestne in the develpment f human civilizatin.以及第五段第一句These discveries clearly shw hw advanced the rice-grwing civilizatins were in the lwer Yangtze River area during the Nelithic Age.可知, 良渚古城遗址的发现表明长江流域的文明发展到了一个新的阶段。
4. B主旨大意题。本文主要从多个方面阐述了良渚古城遗址的重要意义，如为中国5000多年文明史提供证据、是早期城市文明的杰出范例、对中国文化发展有深远影响等，故B项“良渚古城遗址的意义”最适合作为文章标题。
难句分析
★ The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City reveal an early reginal state with rice-cultivating agriculture as its ecnmic base, and scial differentiatin and a unified belief system, which existed in the Late Nelithic perid in China.良渚古城遗址揭示了一个以稻作农业作为经济基础、存在社会分化和统一信仰体系的早期区域国家，这个国家存在于中国新石器时代晚期。with...是介词短语作后置定语。which 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 an early reginal state 进行补充说明。
参考译文：
良渚古城遗址被公认为中国的第一座城市，为中华文明拥有5000多年的历史提供了考古证据。该遗址在2019年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地。联合国教科文组织将其描述为“代表了中国在5000多年前史前稻作文明的伟大成就，是早期城市文明的杰出典范”。
良渚古城遗址位于中国东南沿海的长江流域，曾是太湖流域早期区域性国家的政治与宗教中心。良渚古城遗址揭示了一个以稻作农业作为经济基础、存在社会分化和统一信仰体系的早期区域性国家，这个国家存在于中国新石器时代晚期。
这座有着5300年历史的城市在1936年由施昕更首次发现，经过多年的考古发掘后闻名于世。良渚古城遗址已被列为全国重点文物保护单位，是东亚地区最具代表性的史前大型聚落，标志着人类文明发展的一个里程碑。良渚文化作为中国文明形成阶段早期稻作农业的巅峰，对之后五千年中国文化的演变产生了深远影响。
良渚周边复杂的水利系统，连同那些显示出社会阶层划分的墓葬遗址(包括祭坛)以及以仪式上使用的特殊玉器为代表的出土物品，都展示了新石器时代的小型社会是如何演变成早期国家的。
这些发现清楚地表明了新石器时代长江下游地区的稻作文明有多么先进。它们共同帮助我们很好地理解了良渚古城遗址是早期区域性城市文明的一个绝佳范例。
Passage 2 阅读理解B
主题语境：历史古迹语篇类型：说明文词数: 355建议用时：7分钟
As the largest imperial architectural cmplex in Beijing, the Temple f Heaven is renwned fr its meticulusly symblic layut, unique structures, and magnificent decratins. Between 1420 and 1900,emperrs f the Ming and Qing dynasties wrshiped the Heaven Gd and prayed fr buntiful harvests here.
The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests (祈年殿),which was built in 1420, is ne f the earliest structures in the Temple f Heaven cmplex. It is ne f the wrld's largest ancient wden buildings——38 meters tall and 36meters in diameter, and was built entirely withut nails.Originally, it was called“The Great Sacrificial Hall(大祀殿)”.
* In 1545, the building was recnstructed int a circular wden hall standing n a square base,embdying (体现) the ancient Chinese csmlgical(宇宙哲学的) cncept: the circular shape symblizing Heaven and the square base representing Earth. The triple-eaved (三重檐的) rf is supprted by 28 large pillars——fur central pillars represent the fur seasns, twelve inner clumns represent the twelve mnths, and twelve uter clumns represent the twelve tw-hur perids that made up a day in China's ld timing system. In 1751, during Emperr Qianlng's reign, the rf tiles were changed t blue (symblizing the sky), and the hall was frmally renamed“The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests”,reflecting its exclusive ceremnial purpse fr harvest rituals.
The Circular Mund Altar (圜丘坛), cnstructed in1530, is a three-tiered marble platfrm. It was enclsed by tw sets f walls that are square utside and rund inside. In ancient China, nine was cnsidered t be the mst pwerful number(representing eternity), s the slabs(石板) frming the Circular Mund Altar were laid in multiples f nine. The yearly winter slstice ceremnies were held there.
The Imperial Vault f Heaven(皇穹宇) was dedicated t husing“Gd’ s Tablets” —— stne tablets which was used in the harvest prayer ceremny. There are n nails r beams inside the hall. The vast dme is supprted by16 wden pillars and numerus brackets. This Imperial Vault f Heaven is surrunded by a circular wall (the Ech Wall). Due t its smth surface, sund can travel (be reflected) large distances alng the wall.
1 What is the feature f The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests?
A. It is the wrld's earliest wden building.
B. It has tw names because f different ccasins.
C. It shws the spirit f Chinese ancient architecture.
D. It was cnstructed withut using any nails.
2 What is the purpse f the authr by mentining the number f pillars?
A. T cnvey the philsphy f ancient China.
B. T explain the symblic layut f the building.
C. T prve the magnificence f the architecture.
D. T suggest the emperrs' strng belief in nature.
3 What d the Circular Mund Altar and the Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests have in cmmn?
A. The number f pillars.B. The feature f the layut.
C. The building materials.D. The ceremnius events.
4 Which bk is this text mst likely t be read frm?
A. Essence f Chinese Ancient Architectures.
B. Traditins fr Harvest and Slstice.
C. Chinese Ancient Philsphy and Architectures.
D. Ancient Wden Structures arund China.
参考答案：
作为北京规模最大的皇家建筑群，天坛凭借精巧的象征布局、别致的建筑构造与华美装饰闻名于世。本文聚焦祈年殿、圜丘坛与皇穹宇，从三重檐立柱暗藏的四时历法，到圜丘坛九数铺石的永恒寓意，再到回音壁声学奇趣，深度展现中国古代建筑的智慧与文化内涵。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 It is ne f the wrld's largest ancient wden buildings——38 meters tall and 36 meters in diameter, and was built entirely withut nails.可知，祈年殿是世界上最大的古代木结构建筑之一，整个建筑未使用一根钉子。
2. B写作目的题。第三段提到祈年殿有28根大柱子，中间的4根柱子代表四季，12根内柱代表12个月，12根外柱代表12个时辰，由此可知，作者通过介绍这些柱子的数量是为了指出其象征意义，从而解释祈年殿这座建筑的象征布局。
3. B细节理解题。文中提到祈年殿是圆形建筑，坐落在方形基座上，这体现了天圆地方的理念。文中在介绍圜丘坛时，提到其外方内圆的两重围墙环绕，同样也体现了天圆地方的概念。所以从建筑布局的角度来看，两者都体现了中国古代天圆地方的哲学思想，这是它们的共同特征。
4. A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了天坛这一皇家建筑群，包括祈年殿、圜丘坛、皇穹宇等的建筑特点、象征意义等，属于中国古代建筑的范畴，最有可能出现在《中国古代建筑精华》这本书中。
难句分析
★ In 1545, the building was recnstructed int a circular wden hall standing n a square base, embdying the ancient Chinese csmlgical cncept: the circular shape symblizing Heaven and the square base representing Earth.1545年，该建筑被改建为一座圆形木构殿宇，坐落于方形基座之上，诠释了中国古代的宇宙观————圆形象征天宇，方基代表大地。
standing n a square base是现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰 hall。 embdying..., 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明重建后的建筑所体现的意义；其中 the circular shape... representing Earth是对 csmlgical cncept进行解释说明。
参考译文：
作为北京最大的皇家建筑群，天坛以其精心设计的象征性布局、独特的建筑结构和华丽的装饰而闻名。在1420 年至 1900 年间，明清两代的皇帝在此祭拜天神，祈求丰收。
祈年殿建于1420年，是天坛建筑群中历史最悠久的建筑之一。它是世界上最大的古代木结构建筑之一，高38米，直径36米，整个建筑未使用一根钉子。最初，它被称为“大祀殿”。
1545年，该建筑被改建为一座圆形木构殿宇，坐落于方形基座之上，诠释了中国古代的宇宙观——圆形象征天宇，方基代表大地。三重檐屋顶由28根巨柱支撑：中央四柱象征四季，内圈十二柱代表月份，外圈十二柱对应中国传统计时法中的十二时辰。1751年乾隆年间，殿顶琉璃瓦改为象征苍穹的蓝色，并正式更名为“祈年殿”，突显其专用于祈求丰年的祭祀功能。
圜丘坛建于1530年，是一座三层的大理石祭坛。坛体由内外两道围墙环绕，外方内圆。在中国古代，“九”被认为是最为尊贵强大的数字(代表着永恒)，所以构成圜丘坛的石板都是以九的倍数来铺设的。每年的冬至祭天仪式都在此举行。
皇穹宇是用来供奉“神牌”的地方，这些神牌是用于祈谷仪式的石碑。殿内没有钉子和横梁。巨大的穹顶由16根木柱和众多斗拱支撑。皇穹宇被一堵圆形的围墙(回音壁)环绕着。由于墙面十分光滑，声音能够沿着墙壁传播(反射)到很远的距离。
Passage 3 七选五阅读
主题语境：历史古迹语篇类型：说明文词数: 300 建议用时：7分钟
Yingxian Wden Pagda is the ldest and tallest surviving wden pagda structure in China. This wnderful building is cnstructed withut any nails r screws but ttally with wds thrugh Chinese mrtise and tenn jint technique. It is the existing largest and ldest wden pagda structure in China. 1 . During its nearly 1,000years' histry, the pagda has survived several large earthquakes. It highly represents the ancient architecture art f China.
Sitting n a 4 m tall stne platfrm, the pagda is 67.31 meters in height. 2 . The base flr f the pagda is 30.27 meters in diameter,and the whle pagda weighs abut 7,400 metric tns.
3 . Hwever, it has nine stries (with fur blind stries inside the pagda). On each stry, there are tw circles f wden pillars t supprt the upper stry:24 wden pillars at the utside circle and8 wden pillars at the inside circle. Amng the pillars, there are als many diagnal bracings and shrt clumns t enhance the stability and shck resistance f the pagda.
4 . Dugng is a system f brackets in Chinese building, wden square blcks inserted between the tp f a clumn and a crssbeam. The mst magical part f the pagda is that n irn nail is used here at all, and the cnnectin wrks are cmpleted thrugh Chinese mrtise and tenn jint structure. * The Chinese mrtise and tenn jint structure can bear a large lad and it allws certain defrmatin, thus, it can reduce the influence f earthquakes, and this structure is the main reasn why the pagda has survived numerus earthquakes thrugh nearly a thusand years.
At present, the pagda is leaning twards the nrth at an angle ver 15°, and sme wden pillars and beams are decayed. 5 . Please prtect the pagda in yur visit.
阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. There is a legend abut this architecture
B. S turists are nt allwed t g up the pagda
C. It is higher than a 20-strey building in mdern times
D. Seen frm the utside, the pagda appears t be five streys
E. The pagda was built in 1056(under the reign f the Lia Dynasty)
F. A lt f Dugngs are used t cnnect varius pillars and crssbeams
G. The pagda was built n a carefully designed layut shwing Chinese traditins
参考答案：
本文介绍了应县木塔的建筑特色与历史意义。它是中国现存最古老、最高的木结构佛塔，以榫卯技艺搭建，不用一钉。木塔外五实九层，独特结构增强抗震性。历经近千年风雨与地震，虽现倾斜腐朽，仍是中国古代建筑艺术的典范。
1. E 根据后文 During its nearly 1,000 years’ histry, thepagda has survived several large earthquakes.可知,应县木塔有近1000年的历史。E项提到了木塔建造的时间 (1056年，辽代)，与后文的历史描述相呼应。
2. C 根据前句 Sitting n a 4 m tall stne platfrm, thepagda is 67.31 meters in height.可知, 应县木塔的高度是67.31米。C项将木塔的高度与现代20层楼的建筑作比较，进一步说明了木塔的高度之高，符合语境。
3. D第三段说明了木塔明5层暗4层的建筑特点，因此D项可以概括本段的大意，可以作为本段的主题句。根据后文 Hwever, it has nine stries(with furblind stries inside the pagda).可知, 这里提到了木塔实际上有九层(内部有四层暗层)， hwever表示转折，故D 项“从外面看木塔好像是五层”，与后文的实际层数形成对比，符合逻辑。
4. F后文介绍了木塔的斗拱建筑风格以及斗拱建筑的优点，因此F项“很多斗拱被用来连接各种柱子和横梁”，可以引出下文对斗拱的介绍，符合语境。
5. B 根据前句中的 leaning twards the nrth at an angle ver 15°与 sme wden pillars and beams are decayed可知，木塔已经倾斜，且木柱与横梁已经出现腐烂，故B项“所以游客不被允许登上木塔”是合理的结果，符合语境。
参考译文：
应县木塔是中国现存最古老、最高的木结构佛塔。这座精妙绝伦的建筑没有使用任何钉子或螺丝钉，完全是通过中国的榫卯技艺，用木材建造而成的。它是中国现存规模最大、历史最悠久的木结构佛塔。该木塔建于1056年(辽代统治时期)。在其近千年的历史中，这座木塔经受住了多次大地震的考验。它高度代表了中国古代的建筑艺术。
这座木塔坐落在4米高的石基之上，塔高67.31米。它比现代的一栋20层建筑还要高。木塔底层的直径为30.27米,整座木塔的重量约为7400 吨。
从外观上看，这座木塔貌似是五层。然而，它有九层(木塔内有四层暗层)。每层都有两圈木柱支撑上层：外圈有24根木柱，内圈有8根木柱。在这些柱子之间，还有许多斜撑和短柱，以增强木塔的稳定性和抗震性。
木塔使用了大量的斗拱来连接各种柱子和横梁。斗拱是中国建筑中的一种斗拱结构体系，是插入在柱子顶部和横梁之间的方形木块。这座木塔最神奇的地方在于，它完全没有使用铁钉，所有构件均通过中国传统榫卯结构完成咬合连接。中国传统的榫卯结构能够承受较大的荷载，并且允许一定程度的变形，因此，它可以减轻地震的影响，而这种结构正是这座木塔在近千年的时间里历经无数次地震仍能保存下来的主要原因。
目前，这座木塔向北倾斜的角度超过了15°，并且一些木柱和横梁已经腐朽。所以，游客不被允许登上这座木塔。请在参观时保护好这座木塔。
Passage 4完形填空
主题语境：历史古迹语篇类型：记叙文词数: 265建议用时：13分钟
Huangshan in Anhui Prvince is famus fr its tp three turist attractins in eastern China. One is the Yellw Muntains, and the ther tw are the ancient Hngcun Village and Xidi Village. I decided t visit Huangshan t 1 Hngcun Village, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site, during my tw-week sl trip t China. I had simply the best experiences and 2 each mment.
Hngcun Village, lcated in Yi Cunty, Anhui Prvince, is abut 900 years ld. Cvering an area f 28hectares, the village has a 3 f just 1,500. It 4 highlights ancient residences and curtyards frm the Ming and Qing dynasties. * Yu’ ll lve the well-preserved beautiful cuntryside f this village, whse 5 landscape is the tp attractin amng all the 6 . It is fun t walk and explre the small village, shp fr the lcal 7 and suvenirs, and enjy meals at the village eateries.
Mrever, phtgraphy is the ultimate(终极的) way t capture the charm f rural 8 and landscapes. I was captivated by the beautiful scenery f Hngcun Village.It is said that the village was 9 in the shape f an Ox.But t me, the 10 village seemed like a canvas(油画),where every bject was 11 with s much fndness and lve. There is n way t 12 visiting, and it's a must-visit fr histry and nature lvers.
Ancient Hngcun Village was 13 a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 2000 fr its unique preservatin f the ld architecture. This village gt much 14 after the shting f the Cruching Tiger, Hidden Dragn.Many scenes frm this Chinese actin film are 15 frm the picturesque Hngcun Village.
1 A. searchB. explreC. phtgraphD. cver
2 A. enjyedB. recrdedC. ignredD. marked
3 A. distanceB. histryC. heightD. ppulatin
4 A. regularlyB. usuallyC. mainlyD. ttally
5 A. mysteriusB. abundantC. scaryD. charming
6 A. villagersB. turistsC. paintersD. prducers
7 A. prductsB. snacksC. picturesD. animals
8 A. traditinB. celebratinC. architectureD. harvest
9 A. expandedB. fundedC. cnstructedD. perfrmed
10 A. entireB. remteC. mdernD. wild
11 A. cnnectedB.cmbinedC. extendedD. painted
12 A. allwB. regretC. stpD. admit
13 A. knwn frB. listed asC. named afterD. updated t
14 A. fantasyB. inspiratinC. ppularityD. affectin
15 A. takenB. releasedC. establishedD. played
参考答案：
本文记录了作者游历宏村的独特体验。这座拥有 900多年历史的古村落，以明清时期的住宅庭院闻名遐迩。2000年，宏村被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。自《卧虎藏龙》在此取景拍摄后，它更是成为无数游客争相打卡的热门之地。
1. B根据上下文可知，作者去黄山是为了探索宏村。explre意为“探索；考察”之意，符合语境。
2. A 根据I had simply the best experience 可知, 作者在宏村旅行，获得了最佳的体验，故此处指他享受每一刻。
3. D 根据 Cvering an area f 28 hectares及语境可知,这里是介绍宏村的面积和人口情况。ppulatin意为“人口”，符合语境。
4. C根据语境可知，宏村主要以明清时期的古民居和庭院为特色。mainly意为“主要地”，符合语境。
5. D 根据 Yu’ ll lve the well-preserved beautiful cuntryside f this village 可知,宏村是古建筑保存完好的美丽村庄，故此处指宏村的风景是迷人的。charming意为“迷人的;吸引人的”, 与 the tp attractin 相呼应。
6. B宏村是一个旅游景点，故此处指“在所有游客看来，它迷人的风景是最吸引人的”。turist意为“游客”，符合语境。
7. A 根据 shp 和 suvenirs可知, 此处指游客可以在这里漫步，探索这个古村的美景，购买当地特产和纪念品。 prduct意为“产品”, 符合语境。
8. C根据语境可知，此处指摄影是捕捉乡村建筑和风景魅力的终极方式。前文提到了宏村的古民居等建筑, 故 architecture (建筑) 符合语境。
9. C 根据 the shape f an Ox 可知, 此处指宏村是根据牛的形状建造的。cnstruct意为“建造”，符合语境。
10. A根据语境可知，作者认为整个宏村看起来像一幅油画。entire意为“整个的；全部的”，符合语境。
11. D前文提到把宏村比喻成油画，故此处指里面的每一个物体就像是被精心绘制在上面的。paint意为“绘制”，符合比喻的语境。
12. B 根据后文 a must-visit fr histry and nature lvers可知，对一个爱好历史和自然的人来说，宏村是必游之地，故此处指“到此一游绝不会让你后悔”。regret意为“后悔”，符合语境。
13. B句意为：2000年，古宏村因其独特的古老建筑遗存而被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。be listed as意为“被列为”，符合语境。
14. C根据语境可知，此处指在电影《卧虎藏龙》拍摄后，宏村变得更受欢迎了。ppularity意为“受欢迎；流行”，符合语境。
15. A 根据 Many scenes frm this Chinese actin film 以及 frm the picturesque Hngcun Village可知, 这部中国动作电影中的许多场景都是在风景如画的宏村拍摄的。 be taken frm意为“从……选取;取自”, 这里指场景取自宏村，符合语境。
难句分析
★ Yu’ ll lve the well-preserved beautiful cuntryside f this village, whse charming landscape is the tp attractin amng all the turists. 你一定会喜欢这个村庄保存完好的美丽乡村风貌，其迷人的景色对所有游客来说都是最具吸引力的地方。
whse 引导非限制性定语从句，对 village进行补充说明。
参考译文：
中国东部的安徽省黄山市以其三大著名旅游景点而闻名。其中一个是黄山，另外两个是古老的宏村和西递村。在我为期两周的中国独自旅行中，我决定前往黄山，去探索被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产地的宏村。我拥有了堪称绝妙的旅行体验，享受着旅途中的每一刻。
宏村位于安徽省黟县，距今约有900年的历史。这个村庄占地28公顷，人口仅有1500人。它主要以明清时期的古民居和庭院为特色。你一定会喜欢这个村庄保存完好的美丽乡村风貌，其迷人的景色对所有游客来说都是最具吸引力的地方。漫步并探索这个小村庄，购买当地的特产和纪念品，在村里的餐馆享用美食，都是非常有趣的体验。
此外，摄影是捕捉乡村建筑和风景魅力的绝佳方式。我被宏村的美丽景色深深吸引。据说宏村是按照一头牛的形状建造的。但对我来说，整个村庄就像一幅油画，画中的每一个景物都饱含着深情与热爱。来这里游览绝对不会让你感到后悔，它是历史爱好者和自然爱好者的必游之地。
古老的宏村因其对古老建筑的独特保护，于2000年被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产地。在电影《卧虎藏龙》在此拍摄后，这个村庄声名大噪。这部中国动作电影的许多场景都取自风景如画的宏村。
Passage 5 语法填空
主题语境：历史古迹语篇类型：说明文词数: 250建议用时：8分钟
Pingya Ancient City, with ver 2,700 years f histry, still keeps its riginal layut and style intact: lng ancient city walls, elegant residences and curtyards,vertical and 1 (hrizn) streets and alleys (胡同)，and scattered banks and mats (护城河)， all reflecting a prsperus cuntry during the Ming and Qing dynasties. 2 (recgnize) as ne f the best-preserved ancient cities in China, it was listed as a UNESCO Wrld Cultural Heritage Site in 1997.
Pingya Ancient City was funded in the Western Zhu Dynasty,and expanded during the Ming and Qing 3 (dynasty). It has served as the seat f the cunty gvernment since the Qin Dynasty. In 1370, the city walls were rebuilt, expanded and reinfrced with bricks. Numerus watchtwers and gate twers were added during subsequent renvatins. Up t nw,it 4 (survive) wars and mdernizatin, retaining its histrical integrity.
* Built 5 (cmplete) in accrdance with traditinal urban planning style and layut principles f cities f the Chinese Han natinality, Pingya Ancient City keeps its riginal structure, 6 reflects the ppular urban planning cncepts 7 the Ming and Qing perid.
Circled by the ancient city wall, Pingya Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted (倾斜的) square. 8 (see) frm a bird's eye perspective with sme imaginatin, yu will feel it is mre like 9 turtle. The Suthern Gate is like the head, Nrthern Gate is the tail, the tw wells utside the Suthern Gate are the eyes, and gates in the east and west are the symbls f its limbs. The interlaced netwrk f avenues, rads 10 lanes presents the cmplicated lines n a turtle's shell.
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
参考答案：
本文介绍了有着超 2700 年历史的平遥古城，它完整保留原布局风格，1997 年被列为世界文化遗产。其始建于西周，明清扩建，城墙多次修缮。建筑为传统风格，从外形看形似乌龟。
1. hrizntal 考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处是描述街道和胡同纵横交错的样子。 streets and alleys为名词,需要形容词修饰。 hrizn的形容词形式是 hrizntal,意为“水平的”, 与 vertical (垂直的) 相对应。
2. Recgnized 考查非谓语动词。 Recgnized as... 是过去分词短语作状语,相当于 Because it is recgnized as...,表示原因, it指代 Pingya Ancient City, 与 recgnize之间是被动关系，即“平遥古城被认为是……”。
3. dynasties 考查名词。明朝、清朝是两个朝代,故填dynasty的复数形式。
4. has survived 考查时态。由时间状语 up t nw 可知，句子用现在完成时。it为第三人称单数，故填has survived。
5.cmpletely 考查副词。修饰动词 built, 要用副词cmpletely, 意为“完全地;彻底地”。
6. which考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，对its riginal structure 进行补充说明, 且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词 which。
7. f考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“明清时期的流行城市规划理念”，f表示所属关系，意为“……的”，符合语境。
8. Seeing 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是 feel,see处于非谓语的位置， yu与 see之间是主动关系，因此 see用现在分词形式，现在分词短语作时间状语。
9. a 考查冠词。turtle是可数名词，此处表示“一只乌龟”，且 turtle以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。
10. and 考查连词。 avenues, rads与 lanes之间是并列关系，因此填并列连词 and，表示“大街、道路和小巷”。
难句分析
★ Built cmpletely in accrdance with traditinal urban planning style and layut principles f citiesf the Chinese Han natinality, Pingya Ancient City keeps its riginal structure, which reflects the ppular urban planning cncepts f the Ming and Qing Perid.平遥古城完全按照中国汉族城市的传统城市规划风格和布局原则修建而成，它保留了其原有的建筑结构，这反映了明清时期流行的城市规划理念。
which引导非限制性定语从句, 对 its riginal structure进行补充说明。 built cmpletely ...为过去分词短语,作原因状语。
参考译文：
平遥古城拥有2700多年的历史，至今仍完整地保留着其最初的布局和风格：古老而绵长的城墙、雅致的民居和庭院、纵横交错的街巷以及星罗棋布的河岸和护城河，所有这些都反映出明清时期一个繁荣县城的景象。平遥古城被公认为是中国保存最为完好的古城之一，它于1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产地。
平遥古城始建于西周时期，在明清两代得以扩建。自秦朝以来，它一直是县治所在地。1370年，城墙得以重建、扩建，并用砖石进行加固。在随后的修缮过程中，增设了许多瞭望塔和城楼。时至今日，它历经了战争与现代化进程的洗礼，仍保留着其历史的完整性。
平遥古城完全按照中国汉族传统城市规划风格和布局原则修建而成，它保留了其原有的建筑结构，这反映了明清时期流行的城市规划理念。
平遥古城被古老的城墙环绕，形似一个微微倾斜的正方形。若从鸟瞰视角并稍加想象来看，你会觉得它更像一只乌龟。南门如同乌龟的头，北门恰似龟尾，南门之外的两眼水井是它的双眼，东西两侧的城门则象征着它的四肢。城内纵横交错的大街、道路和小巷构成了类似乌龟壳上复杂纹理的线条。
Passage 1 阅读理解 A
单词短语
1 prehistric adj. 史前的
2 urban adj. 城市的
3 differentiatin n.分化
4 excavatin n.挖掘
5 Nelithic perid 新石器时代
经典句式
The Archaelgical Ruins f Liangzhu City are recgnized as the first city in China and prvide archaelgical evidence that Chinese civilizatin has a histry f ver 5,000 years.
(that 引导同位语从句, 解释说明 evidence)
Passage 2 阅读理解B
单词短语
1 renwned adj. 著名的
2 meticulusly adv. 细致地
3 csmlgical adj. 宇宙哲学的
4 recnstruct v. 重建; 改造
5 embdy v. 体现
6 dedicate v. 致力于
7 imperial architectural cmplex 皇家建筑群
8 prayer fr gd harvests 祈愿丰收
经典句式
1 The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests, which was built in 1420, is ne f the earliest structures in the Temple f Heaven cmplex.
( which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的内容进行补充说明)
2 In ancient China, nine was cnsidered t be the mst pwerful number (representing eternity), s the slabs frming the Circular Mund Altar were laid in multiples f nine.(现在分词短语作定语)
Passage 3 七选五阅读
单词短语
1 screw n.螺丝
2 crssbeam n.横梁
3 bracket n.托架; 支架; 斗
4 defrmatin n. 变形
5 decay v. 腐烂
6 diagnal bracing 对角支撑
7 mrtise and tenn jint structure 榫卯结构
经典句式
The mst magical part f the pagda is that n irn nail is used here at all, and the cnnectin wrks are cmpleted thrugh Chinese mrtise and tenn jint structure.
(that 引导表语从句)
Passage 4完形填空
单词短语
1 heritage n. 遗产
2 sl adj. 独自的
3 hectare n. 公顷
4 residence n. 住宅; 住所
5 suvenir n. 纪念品
6 preservatin n. 保护
经典句式
1 It is fun t walk and explre the small village, shp fr the lcal prducts and suvenirs, and enjy meals at the village eateries.
(it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语)
2 But t me, the entire village seemed like a canvas,where every bject was painted with s much fndness and lve.
(where 引导定语从句, 对 canvas 进行补充说明)
Passage 5 语法填空
单词短语
1 layut n. 布局
2 intact adj. 完整的; 原封不动的
3 scattered adj. 分散的; 零散的
4 perspective n. 角度
5 avenue n. 大道
6 in accrdance with 与……一致; 按照
经典句式
Circled by the ancient city wall, Pingya Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted square.
(过去分词短语作伴随状语)
话题高频词汇
1 relics n. 遗迹
2 remains n. 古迹; 遗迹
3 feature n.特点, 特色
4 layut n.布局; 设计
5 characteristic n.特点; 特色
6 mrtise and tenn jint 榫卯结构
7 innvatin n.创新; 改革
8 pavilin n.亭; 阁
9 twer n.塔
10 mnastery寺院
11 mural壁画
12 architecture n.建筑设计; 建筑风格
13 architect n.建筑师
14 craftsmanship n.手艺; 技艺; 精工细作
15 sculpture n. 雕像; 雕塑品
16 carve v.雕刻
17 design n. & v. 设计
18 elegant adj.优雅的
19 intricate adj. 错综复杂的
20 delicate adj.精致的; 精细的
21 cmplex n.建筑群
22 magnificent adj. 宏伟的; 壮丽的
23 ingenius adj.巧妙的; 制作精巧的
24 functin n.作用; 功能
25 symmetrical adj.对称的
26 symblical adj. 象征性的
27 pillar n. 柱子
28 creative adj. 创新的
29 beynd imaginatin 超出想象力
30 find inspiratin frm从……寻找灵感
31 figure ut解决; 算出
32 in line with 符合……的; 与……一致的
话题重点句、亮点句
1 Besides the temple, visitrs can enjy the grunds utside, where there are mre than 1,000 stne tablets and ver 100,000 tmbs.【北师大版必修二 Unit 3】除了孔庙, 游客还可以欣赏外面的场地, 那里有1000多块石碑和10万多座坟墓。
2 The Imperial Tmbs f the Ming and Qing Dynasties are amng the mst extrardinary cultural remains t be fund anywhere in the wrld.【译林版必修三 Unit 4】明清帝王陵是世界上任何地方都能找到的最为非凡的文化遗迹之一。
3 The Ming and Qing tmbs have nw been listed as UNESCO Wrld Heritage Sites, which will help bring the necessary attentin and assistance fr prtecting them in the future.【译林版必修三 Unit 4】明清帝王陵现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，这将有助于在未来为保护它们带来必要的关注和支持。
4 Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, wrk n the terraces tk hundreds f years, until its cmpletin in the early Qing Dynasty.【外研版必修一 Unit 6】梯田的修建工作始于元朝，历经数百年，直到清朝初年才完工。
5 Hutngs—— the many little alleys that cnnect the rectangular curtyards f traditinal huses—— are a feature f ancient Chinese architecture.【北师大版选择性必修四 Unit 10】胡同———连接着传统房屋矩形庭院的众多小巷————是中国古代建筑的一大特色。
6 Having visited several times ver the last 10 years, I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage while cnstantly grwing.【2023全国乙卷】在过去的十年里,我曾多次到访，(这座城市)新旧事物的和谐共存，以及一座城市如何能够在不断发展壮大的同时还保留着如此丰富的文化遗产，都让我惊叹不已。
7 After spending sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!【2021全国甲卷】在花了一些时间观赏了长城上的各种防御设施后，我们觉得是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么能比骑乘在一段活历史上更棒的呢！
难句分析
★ The Chinese mrtise and tenn jint structure can bear a large lad and it allws certain defrmatin,thus, it can reduce the influence f earthquakes, and this structure is the main reasn why the pagda has survived numerus earthquakes thrugh nearly a thusand years.中国传统的榫卯结构能够承受较大的荷载，并且允许一定程度的变形，因此，它可以减轻地震的影响，而这种结构正是这座木塔在近千年的时间里历经无数次地震仍能保存下来的主要原因。
and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中， thus引出结果状语从句。第二个分句中， why引导定语从句，修饰先行词 reasn。