用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读——传统美德（解析版）-2026届高考英语一轮复习讲练（全国通用）

这是一份用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读——传统美德（解析版）-2026届高考英语一轮复习讲练（全国通用），共20页。试卷主要包含了 C 细节理解题， B 词义猜测题， B 推理判断题， D推理判断题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passage 1阅读理解 A
主题语境：爱国将士语篇类型：记叙文词数: 335建议用时：8分钟
Wen Tianxiang was a prminent figure in the tumultuus (动荡的) final years f the Suthern Sng Dynasty. Brn in Luling Cunty, Jiangnan West Rad(present-day Qingyuan District, Ji’ an City, Jiangxi Prvince), he is remembered as a statesman, literary figure, and natinal her.
In 1256, at the age f 21, Wen Tianxiang achieved the highest hnr by becming the Zhuangyuan (状元)in the palace examinatin. In 1275, the Yuan Dynasty launched a massive invasin f the Suthern Sng territries. * Devting his persnal wealth t the cause,Wen Tianxiang recruited sldiers t defend the kingdm,fr which he was appinted as the military cmmander fr Zhexi and Jiangdng, with additinal respnsibilities as the administratr f Pingjiang Prefecture. Later, he was prmted t the psitin f Prime Minister and simultaneusly(同时) appinted as the Military Strategist.
Frm 1276 t 1277, Wen Tianxiang launched campaigns in Jiangxi but suffered defeats, retreating t Guangdng. In 1278, after Zha Bing's enthrnement(登基) as the last Suthern Sng emperr, Wen was appinted as Duke f Xinggu and Grand Guardian.That December, he was captured at Wupling (mdern Haifeng, Guangdng) and transprted t Dadu (Beijing),enduring ver fur years f imprisnment. Despite facing threats and temptatins, Wen Tianxiang remained reslute and refused t yield t his captrs.
On January 9, 1283, Wen Tianxiang died with dignity,steadfast t his principles. In 1371, the Hngwu Emperr f Ming psthumusly hnred him with the title Zhnglie(忠烈), recgnizing his lyalty and herism.
Wen Tianxiang's literary cntributins are equally significant. His earlier wrks display a sense f righteus indignatin (义愤), while his petry tk n a mre rbust and unrestrained style during the Deyu era. His famus lines frm Passing the Lingding Ocean resnate pwerfully:“Life has seen deaths since ancient times; let's leave behind a lyal heart t illuminate histry.” These wrds have inspired cuntless individuals wh, like Wen Tianxiang, strive fr their ideals and principles.
1 What culd be the prf that Wen Tianxiang was a natinal her?
A. Winning the tp academic hnr f Zhuangyuan.
B. Serving as the tp fficial f Pingjiang Prefecture.
C. Recruiting sldiers t drive ut invaders.
D. Wrking with full devtin as the Prime Minister.
2 What des the underlined wrd“yield”mean in the third paragraph?
A. Supply sth. fr.B. Give way t.
C. Prduce prfit.D. Bend r break.
3 What was the likely purpse f the Ming Dynasty t grant the hnrary title t Wen Tianxiang?
A. T call its sldiers t fight hard t defend the kingdm.
B. T set an example f determinatin fr later generatins.
C. T shw respect t Wen Tianxiang’ s cntributins.
D. T admire Wen Tianxiang’ s tugh endurance in prisn.
4Where can yu mst prbably read this text?
A. Dynasties in Chinese Histry.B. Chinese Ancient Petry Selectins.
C. Principles f Schlars in Ancient China.D. Chinese Histrical Figures.
参考答案：
本文讲述了民族英雄文天祥的故事。元军入侵南宋，文天祥奉命组织军队抗击元军，被俘后，他拒绝元朝的高官厚禄诱惑，表现出坚定的民族气节。他的坚贞气节和英勇事迹使其成为后世敬仰的典范。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 the Yuan Dynasty launched a massive invasin f the Suthern Sng territries和 Devting his persnal wealth t the cause,Wen Tianxiang recruited sldiers t defend the kingdm可知，在元军入侵南宋时，文天祥拿出个人财富招募士兵保卫国家，这体现了他作为民族英雄的行为。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 enduring ver fur years f imprisnment和 facing threats and temptatins以及 refused可推知，文天祥忍受了四年多的牢狱之苦，尽管受到威逼利诱，但他都没有向元军屈服。因此 yield 在文中的意思是“屈服;投降”,这与 give way t意思相近。
3. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 the Hngwu Emperr f Ming psthumusly hnred him with the title Zhnglie, recgnizing his lyalty and herism可推知, 明朝皇帝追封文天祥是为了表彰他的忠诚和英勇。这样做旨在为后世树立一个坚定不屈的榜样，让后人学习他的精神。
4. D推理判断题。本文主要介绍了文天祥的生平事迹，包括他的政治生涯、军事活动以及文学成就等，属于历史人物传记，所以最有可能在《中国历史人物》这本书中读到。
难句分析
★ Devting his persnal wealth t the cause, Wen Tianxiang recruited sldiers t defend the kingdm, fr which he was appinted as the military cmmander fr Zhexi and Jiangdng, with additinal respnsibilities as the administratr f Pingjiang Prefecture. 文天祥将自己的个人财富投入到保卫国家的事业中，他招募士兵来保卫南宋王朝，为此他被任命为浙西和江东的军事统帅，同时还兼任平江府知府。
Devting his persnal wealth t the cause 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。fr which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明。 with additinal respnsibilities as the administratr f Pingjiang Prefecture 是 with 的复合结构，作伴随状语。
参考译文：
文天祥是动荡的南宋末年的一位杰出人物。他出生于江南西路庐陵县(今江西省吉安市青原区)，作为一名政治家、文学家和民族英雄而被世人铭记。
1256 年，21 岁的文天祥在殿试中高中状元，获得了至高的荣誉。1275 年，元朝对南宋领土发动了大规模的进攻。文天祥将自己的个人财富投入到保卫国家的事业中，他招募士兵来保卫南宋王朝，为此他被任命为浙西和江东的军事统帅，同时还兼任平江府知府。后来，他被提拔为丞相，同时被任命为枢密使。
从 1276年到1277年，文天祥在江西多次出征，但均失败，随后退往广东。1278年，赵昺登基成为南宋的最后一位皇帝，之后文天祥被任命为信国公和少保。同年12月，他在五坡岭(今广东海丰)被俘，并被押送至大都(今北京)，经受了四年多的牢狱之灾。尽管面临着威胁和诱惑，文天祥始终意志坚定，拒不向抓捕他的人屈服。
1283年1月9日，文天祥从容就义，至死坚守了自己的道义。1371 年，明朝的洪武皇帝追谥他为“忠烈”，以表彰他的忠诚和英勇之举。
文天祥的文学贡献同样意义非凡。他早期的作品流露出一种义愤之情，而在德祐年间，他的诗歌呈现出更加雄浑豪放的风格。他的《过零丁洋》中的名句极具感染力：“人生自古谁无死?留取丹心照汗青。”这些诗句激励了无数像文天祥一样为自己的理想和原则而拼搏奋斗的人。
Passage 2 阅读理解B
主题语境：历史故事语篇类型：记叙文词数:340 建议用时：8分钟
Wxin Changdan, r“sleeping n firewd and tasting gall” is a Chinese idim describing self-impsed hardship t achieve vengeance r ambitin. * It is derived frm the stry f the King Gujian f Yue,wh frced himself t sleep n firewd and lick a gall bladder every day t remember the humiliatin f his previus defeat by the State f Wu.
Wu and Yue were rival states in the lwer Yangtze regin during the Spring and Autumn Perid. Fuchai was the sn f King Helü f Wu. He became king in 495 BC,fllwing the death f his father frm injuries sustained during an invasin f Yue. In 494 BC, Fuchai defeated the Yue army and frced them t withdraw t Munt Kuaiji. Fuchai accepted the advice f Chancellr B Pi, wh was bribed by Yue, and made a favrable peace with Yue.Later, Gujian went t the Wu curt t serve Fuchai. His hard wrk earned him the king's trust, and Gujian was permitted t return t his kingdm after three years.
In 482 BC, Fuchai successfully challenged the Duke f Jin fr the status f hegemn (霸主) in Huangchi.While he was away in the nrth with his army, Gujian tried t imprve his wn army. It was said that Gujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping n firewd and by tasting gall each mrning. Fr ten years, he imprved his realm's gvernance, while persnally inspiring his peple by wrking his wn fields as his wife made thread and wve by hand. It is said that Gujian als distracted Fuchai frm state affairs by sending him the Yue beauty Xi Shi. In 473 BC, Gujian's frces defeated Wu. Fuchai was frced t cmmit suicide and Wu was annexed by Yue.
Gujian's reign cincided with the last majr cnflict f the Spring and Autumn perid, during which he ultimately led Yue t victry. Due t this achievement,sme histrical accunts cnsider Gujian the last f the Five Hegemns(五霸) f the Spring and Autumn Perid.
1 Why did Gujian sleep n firewd and taste gall every day?
A. T keep up his ambitin t be a hegemn.
B. T experience the hard life f the pr peple.
C. T remind himself f the previus defeat.
D. T encurage his sldiers t cnquer Wu.
2 Which f the fllwing cntributed mst t Gujian's victry ver Wu?
A. A strnger army.B. Lng-term strategy and patience.
C. Persnal ambitin.D. Unyielding determinatin.
3 What can we cnclude frm the prverb“sleeping n firewd and tasting gall”?
A. Cnstant dripping wears a stne.B. It is never t late t learn.
C. Where there is a will there is a way.D. Simple life makes ne excellent.
4 What can be the best title f the passage?
A. Hegemns f the Spring and Autumn Perid.
B. The Stry Behind Wxin Changdan.
C. Gujian’ s Strategies t Win ver the State f Wu.
D. Wars and Cnflicts Between States f Wu and Yue.
参考答案：
本文讲述了“卧薪尝胆”的故事，越王勾践为了复国，一扫往日的耻辱，他忍辱负重、发愤图强、坚持不懈，最终打败吴国。这个故事启示我们在面对失败和困难时，要有足够的耐心和毅力，通过自我激励和战略规划，最终实现目标。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中… wh frced himself... t remember the humiliatin f his previus defeat by the State f Wu可知，勾践之所以卧薪尝胆，是为了提醒自己曾经被吴国打败的屈辱历史。
2. B细节理解题。文章第三段讲述了勾践为了战胜吴国所采取的措施：提高军队战斗力；改善国家治理；激励人民的斗志；给夫差施美人计等，这些都体现了他的长期战略规划和耐心。虽然军队、野心和决心也都起到了作用，但综合来看，长期的策略和耐心是他战胜吴国最重要的因素，所以选B项。
3. C推理判断题。“卧薪尝胆”这个故事体现了勾践有坚定的意志和决心去实现自己的目标，最终成功复仇并取得胜利，这与C项“有志者事竟成”寓意相符。
4. B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了“卧薪尝胆”这一成语的由来，即勾践的故事，包括他被吴国打败后如何卧薪尝胆，采取各种策略并最终战胜吴国，所以B项“The Stry Behind Wxin Changdan”是最合适的标题。
难句分析
★ It is derived frm the stry f the King Gujian f Yue,wh frced himself t sleep n firewd and lick a gall bladder every day t remember the humiliatin f his previus defeat by the State f Wu.它源自越王勾践的故事，勾践迫使自己每天睡在柴草上，舔胆囊，以此铭记先前被吴国打败的耻辱。
wh 引导非限制性定语从句, 对 the King Gujian f Yue进行补充说明。 t remember...是动词不定式短语作目的状语。
参考译文：
卧薪尝胆”，即“睡在柴草上，品尝苦胆”，是一个中国成语，形容为了实现复仇或抱负而自我施加的艰苦磨难。它源自越王勾践的故事，勾践迫使自己每天睡在柴草上，舔食苦胆，以此铭记先前被吴国打败的耻辱。
春秋时期，吴国和越国是长江下游地区相互敌对的国家。夫差是吴王阖闾的儿子。公元前 495 年，在父亲因攻打越国而受伤去世后，他继承了王位。公元前494年，夫差击败了越国军队，迫使他们撤退到会稽山。夫差接受了被越国贿赂的太宰伯嚭的建议，与越国达成了一项对越国有利的和平协议。后来，越王勾践前往吴国宫廷侍奉夫差。他的勤恳努力赢得了吴王的信任，三年后，勾践被允许返回自己的国家。
公元前482年，夫差在黄池成功地向晋定公(晋国国君)发起挑战，争夺霸主之位。当他率领军队远在北方之时，勾践则努力提升自己的军队实力。据说，勾践一直以睡柴草，每天早晨尝一尝苦胆来缓解痛苦。十年来，他改善了越国的治理，同时亲自耕种田地，他的妻子则亲手纺线织布，以此激励他的百姓。据说，勾践还将越国美女西施送给夫差，使他无心国事。公元前473年，勾践的军队打败了吴国。夫差被迫自杀，吴国被越国吞并。
勾践的统治时期恰好处于春秋时期最后一场重大纷争阶段，在此期间，他最终带领越国取得了胜利。由于这一功绩，一些历史记载将勾践视为春秋时期“春秋五霸”中的最后一霸。
Passage 3 七选五阅读
主题语境：历史人物语篇类型：记叙文词数: 305 建议用时：7分钟
Yu the Great was a her in ancient China, whse mst remarkable accmplishment was taming the flds. 1 . He established the Xia Dynasty, which was cnsidered the first hereditary dynasty in Chinese histry.难度：扫码听音频
词数: 305
正确率: /5
建议用时：7分钟
语篇类型：记叙文
2 . The situatin became even wrse while Shun was the leader. Under the cmmand f Shun, Gun, the father f Yu, fund ut a way t tame the flds. Later, Yu was rdered t succeed his father t harness the flds. Yu figured ut a way f digging channels t cnduct the water int the sea. After thirteen years f fighting against the flds, he finally had them under cntrl.
After that, Yu the Great rganized peple t rebuild their shelters and develp agriculture by making full use f water and sil resurces. He had his sn teach peple hw t cultivate rice and ther crps.In additin, fish, ducks, and geese were bred under the guidance f Yu the Great. He als directed the masses t dig ditches t lead the water flwing int the farmlands. 3 .
What makes Yu the Great a legend is that just fur days after his marriage, he left hme t regins that were severely destryed by flds t tame the water. He reached almst everywhere f the cuntry during the battle against this natural disaster. 4 . His sn was brn during his absence, but he still did nt cme back.
5 . Yangcheng (present-day Dengfeng in Henan Prvince) was made the capital. The establishment f the Xia Dynasty pened up a new era in Chinese histry, which symblized the end f the primitive tribal alliance and the beginning f the class sciety. Yu the Great is admired nt nly fr his unremitting endeavrs t fight against natural disaster, but als fr frgetting abut his wn interests t help ther peple.
根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. He was als an excellent plitical leader
B. That was the beginning f ancient agriculture
C. Yu the Great established the Xia Dynasty arund 2070 BC
D. With his great help, peple lived happy lives afterwards
E. Peple were very grateful fr his effrt and made him the emperr
F. In prehistric times, peple suffered a lt frm flds f the Yellw River
G. Fr thirteen years, he never entered his huse thugh he passed by it three time
参考答案：
本文讲述了大禹治水，造福子孙的故事。大禹公而忘私的奉献精神、治理洪水的科学精神和以民为本的治国策略永远值得后世铭记和敬仰。
1. A上文提到大禹是古代中国的英雄，其最显著的成就是治水，后面又说他建立了夏朝。故A 项“他也是一位杰出的政治领袖”能衔接上下文。
2. F第二段主要介绍了大禹接替父亲鲧治水的情况，他用挖渠疏导的方式将洪水引入海中，控制了洪水。因此F项“在史前时期，人们饱受黄河洪水之苦”符合段落主题，能够引出下文关于洪水的情况以及大禹治水的描述。
3. D第三段介绍了大禹治水所采取的措施，人们在大禹的领导下，开沟渠、发展农业，人民因此而过上了幸福的生活，故D 项符合语境。
4. G上文提到在与这场自然灾害作斗争的过程中，大禹几乎走遍了国家的每一个地方；下文提到即使儿子出生了，大禹依然没有回家。故G项“十三年间，尽管他三次路过家门，却从未进去过”能够承接上文，进一步说明大禹为了治水舍小家为大家的精神。
5. C第五段提到夏朝的都城以及夏朝建立的历史意义，故C 项“大约在公元前2070年，大禹建立了夏朝”能引出下文，符合语境。
难句分析
★ What makes Yu the Great a legend is that just fur days after his marriage, he left hme t regins that were severely destryed by flds t tame the water.大禹之所以成为传奇人物，是因为就在他婚后仅仅四天，他就离开家，前往那些遭受洪水严重破坏的地区去治水。
what引导主语从句。第一个 that引导表语从句。第二个 that 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 regins。
参考译文：
大禹是中国古代的一位英雄，他最为卓越的功绩是治理了洪水。他还是一位杰出的政治领袖。他建立了夏朝，而夏朝被认为是中国历史上的第一个世袭制王朝。
在史前时代，人们饱受黄河洪水之苦。当舜担任首领时，情况变得更加糟糕。在舜的命令下，禹的父亲鲧找到一个治理洪水的方法(，但失败了)。后来，禹被命令接替他的父亲去治理洪水。禹想出了一种挖掘渠道将水引入大海的方法。经过十三年与洪水的搏斗，他最终控制住了洪水。
在那之后，大禹组织民众重建住所，并通过充分利用水土资源来发展农业。他让自己的儿子教人们如何种植水稻和其他农作物。此外，在大禹的指导下，人们开始养殖鱼、鸭和鹅。他还指挥民众挖掘沟渠，将水引到农田里。在他的大力帮助下，此后人们过上了幸福的生活。
大禹之所以成为传奇人物，是因为就在他婚后仅仅四天，他就离开家，前往那些遭受洪水严重破坏的地区去治水。在与这场自然灾害作斗争的过程中，他几乎走遍了国家的每一个地方。十三年间，尽管他三次路过家门，却从未进去过。在他外出期间，他的儿子出生了，但他依然没有回家。
大约在公元前2070年，大禹建立了夏朝。阳城(现今河南省登封市)被定为都城。夏朝的建立开启了中国历史的新纪元，它标志着原始部落联盟的结束和阶级社会的开始。人们钦佩大禹，不仅是因为他为抗击自然灾害付出了不懈的努力，还因为他公而忘私的精神。
Passage 4完形填空
主题语境：人际关系语篇类型：记叙文词数: 263建议用时：13分钟
During the Spring and Autumn Perid, the King f Qi was the first Hegemn. He had tw 1 assistants,Guan Zhng and Ba ShuYa. The tw were gd friends, wh understd and 2 each ther.
Guan Zhng's family was very pr and he had t supprt his mther. Knwing this, Ba Shu Ya askedGuan Zhng t 3 business with him. When they started the business, Guan Zhng had n 4 , s BaShu Ya tk ut almst all f the 5 . Hwever, after the business made mney, Guan Zhng gt mre than BaShu Ya. The servant f Ba Shu Ya culd nt 6 it and cmplained. Ba Shu Ya explained with a 7 smile,“Guan Zhng's family is pr and he has t supprt his mther, s it's kay t take a little mre.”
* After Duke Huan f Qi (Xia Bai) ascended the thrne, he decided t 8 Ba Shu Ya the prime minister, but Ba Shu Ya 9 Guan Zhng, wh nce attempted t assassinate (行刺) Xia Bai. Ba Shu Ya said, “Yu can’ t 10 him fr that, he did it t help his 11 .” Xia Bai listened t Ba Shu Ya and asked GuanZhng t cme back as Chancellr, and Guan Zhng 12 helped Xia Bai t gvern Qi very well!
Lking back n his experience, Guan Zhng said with great 13 , “My parents gave me life, but the 14 wh truly understands me is Ba Shu Ya!” Later, when peple 15 their friends fr their deep friendship, they wuld say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Ba”.
1 A. hpefulB. carefulC. pwerfulD. delightful
2 A. trustedB. respectedC. cnsideredD. agreed
3 A. take upB. invest inC. get thrughD. leave fr
4 A. familyB. ideaC. interestD. mney
5 A. destinyB. timeC. capitalD. cnfidence
6 A. believeB. standC. explainD. understand
7 A. pleasantB. cntentC. cnsiderateD. prud
8 A. nameB. judgeC. electD. make
9 A. recgnizedB. recmmendedC. chseD. determined
10 A. mindB. disapprveC. punishD. blame
11 A. mtherB. beliefC. masterD. career
12 A. nrmallyB. prperlyC. reallyD. strngly
13 A. satisfactinB. emtinC. amusementD. strength
14 A. persnB. ministerC. merchantD. servant
15 A. praisedB. valuedC. tkD. judged
参考答案：
本文讲述了鲍叔牙和管仲的故事。管鲍之间的友谊建立在相互理解、相互坦诚和相互信任的基础之上，尤其是鲍叔牙的无私大度浇灌出了一朵鲜艳的友情奇葩，成为中国文化中“知已交友”的典范。
1. C前文提到齐桓公是春秋时期的第一个霸主，故此处是指他有两个很有能力的助手。pwerful 意为“强大的；有能力的”，符合语境。
2. A下文提到鲍叔牙对管仲及其家庭照顾有加，由此说明两人之间的友谊是建立在理解和信任之上。trust意为“信任”，符合语境。
3. B根据后文提到做生意的相关内容可知，鲍叔牙邀请管仲一起投资做生意。invest in 意为“投资”，符合语境。
4. D 根据 Guan Zhng's family was very pr可知, 管仲家里穷，所以开始做生意时他没有钱。mney意为“钱”，符合语境。
5. C前文提到管仲没钱，故此处指鲍叔牙拿出了几乎所有的资金。capital 意为“资金；资本”，在这里指做生意的启动资金，符合语境。
6. B鲍叔牙的仆人看到赚钱后管仲拿的钱比鲍叔牙多，心里受不了就抱怨起来。stand意为“忍受”，符合语境。
7. A后面引号中的话展现出他对朋友的理解和大度，pleasant smile意为“和蔼的微笑”, 符合语境。
8. D根据语境可知，此处指小白继位后，决定让鲍叔牙做宰相。“make sb+职位”表示“让某人担任……职位”，是固定搭配。
9. B 此处指鲍叔牙推荐管仲做宰相。 recmmend sb意为“推荐某人”。
10. D管仲曾行刺小白(管仲当时辅佐的是公子纠，他还是公子纠的老师)，但当时是各为其主，因此鲍叔牙劝齐桓公不要因为那件事而迁怒于管仲。blame sb fr sth意为“因某事谴责某人”，是固定用法。
11. C此处指“他当时这么做是为了帮助他的主公(公子纠)”。 master 意为“主人;主公”, 符合语境。
12. C 根据 helped Xia Bai t gvern Qi very well可知,管仲确实帮助齐桓公把齐国治理得很好。really意为“确实；真正地”，用以加强语气，符合语境。
13. B 根据 My parents gave me life, but the... wh truly understands me is Ba Shu Ya!可知, 管仲说“生我的是父母，知我的是鲍叔牙呀！”，这是管仲的肺腑之言, 充满了感情。 with great emtin意为“感慨万分地”，是固定搭配。
14. A 此处指管仲说真正理解他的人是鲍叔牙。persn意为“人”，符合语境。
15. A根据语境可知，此处指当人们称赞朋友之间深厚的友谊时，就会说他们是“管鲍之交”。praise意为“称赞；表扬”，符合语境。
难句分析
★ After Duke Huan f Qi (Xia Bai) ascended the thrne,he decided t make Ba Shu Ya the prime minister,but Ba Shu Ya recmmended Guan Zhng, wh nce attempted t assassinate Xia Bai.齐桓公(小白 )登上王位后，决定任命鲍叔牙为宰相，但鲍叔牙却举荐了曾试图行刺小白的管仲。
after引导时间状语从句。wh 引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词 Guan Zhng进行补充说明。
参考译文：
春秋时期，齐国国君是第一位霸主。他有两位得力的辅佐大臣，管仲和鲍叔牙。这两人是挚友，彼此理解且信任。
管仲家境十分贫寒，需奉养自己的母亲。鲍叔牙了解到这一情况后，便邀请管仲和他一起投资做生意。在他们开始经商时，管仲没有资金，于是鲍叔牙几乎拿出了所有的钱。然而，在生意盈利之后，管仲分得的钱财比鲍叔牙还多。鲍叔牙的仆人对此看不下去，抱怨起来。鲍叔牙却面带和蔼的笑容说：“管仲家里贫穷，他还要奉养母亲，所以他多拿一点也没关系。”
齐桓公(小白)登上王位后，决定任命鲍叔牙为宰相，但鲍叔牙却举荐了曾试图刺杀小白的管仲。鲍叔牙说：“你不能因此怪罪他，他那么做是为了辅佐他的主公。”小白听取了鲍叔牙的建议，召回管仲担任宰相，而管仲也确实协助小白把齐国治理得非常好！
回顾自己的经历，管仲感慨万分地说：“生我的是父母，可真正理解我的人是鲍叔牙啊！”后来，当人们称赞朋友之间深厚的友谊时，就会说他们是“管鲍之交”。
扫码听音频
Passage 5 语法填空
建议用时：8分钟
主题语境：名人介绍语篇类型：说明文 词数: 263建议用时：8分钟
正确率: /10
主题语境：民间传说
Yan Hui came frm a pr family, 1 he pssessed exceptinal intelligence and learning abilities. 2 a yung man, he develped a prfund interest in the ethical philsphy and mral cultivatin fCnfucianism and made a firm decisin t fllw the teachings f Cnfucius. * His sharp intellect and utstanding mral character caught the attentin f Cnfucius, 3 held Yan Hui in high regard and regarded him as ne f his favrite students.语篇类型：说明文
正确率: /10
建议用时：8分钟
: 263扫码听音频
Yan Hui upheld strict mral standards, with benevlence (仁慈) and cmpassin as cre values, and 4 (strive) t practice these principles.He believed in treating thers with kindness, respecting rituals, and pursuing the nble qualities f mrality. Cntinuusly 5 (reflect) n himself, he endeavred t imprve his cnduct and character,aspiring t becme a 6 (gd) persn. Cnfucius cnsidered Yan Hui as a capable inheritr(继承者) f his teachings and prvided him with special guidance and educatin, enabling his 7 (think)t reach deeper levels f develpment.
Hwever, Yan Hui’ s life was 8 (tragic) shrt-lived. Due t his frail health, he passed away at a yung age, leaving Cnfucius deeply saddened and lnging fr Yan Hui’ s mral character and schlarly talent.
Althugh Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and mral qualities are frever remembered and revered by peple. Yan Hui, 9 (take) as an example, made great dedicatin and cntributins playing a crucial part in building a harmnius sciety and fstering utstanding individuals. 10 thughts and spirit f Yan Hui will cntinue t influence peple's values and behaviral standards, shining eternally(永恒地) in the inheritance f Chinese culture.
阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
参考答案：
本文讲述了孔子的弟子颜回的生平，赞美了颜回的贤者之风。颜回的贤表现在他的安贫乐道、尊敬师长、勤奋好学和坚定支持儒家思想等方面。这些品质使他成为孔子最为欣赏的弟子之一。
1. but 考查连词。 Yan Hui came frm a pr family和 he pssessed exceptinal intelligence and learning abilities之间是转折关系，故填 but。
2. As 考查介词。 As a yung man表示“作为一个年轻人”，as在这里引导一个介词短语作状语。
3. wh考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，对Cnfucius进行补充说明，且在从句中作主语，故填wh。
4. strve 考查时态。与 upheld 作并列谓语, 故 strive也用其过去式 strve。
5. reflecting 考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语动词是endeavred, reflect处于非谓语的位置,且 he与 reflect之间是主动关系，因此 reflect用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。
6. better 考查形容词。根据… imprve his cnduct and character可知，颜回改善自己的行为和性格，是为了努力使自己成为更好的人。故gd用其比较级形式better。
7. thught 考查名词。形容词性物主代词 his 后面接名词。 think 的名词形式为 thught, 此处指“思想”,是不可数名词。
8. tragically 考查副词。 shrt-lived为动词(过去分词), 应用副词修饰, 故填 tragically。
9. taken 考查非谓语动词。 Yan Hui与 take之间是被动关系, taken as an example 表示“被作为一个榜样”。
10. The 考查冠词。此处特指颜回的思想和精神，因此用定冠词 the。
难句分析
★ His sharp intellect and utstanding mral character caught the attentin f Cnfucius, wh held Yan Huiin high regard and regarded him as ne f his favrite students.他敏锐的才思和卓越的道德品质引起了孔子的注意，孔子对颜回极为器重，把他视为自己最喜爱的学生之一。
wh 引导非限制性定语从句，对 Cnfucius进行补充说明。 hld sb in high regard 意为“重视某人”。
参考译文：
颜回出身于一个贫寒的家庭，但他拥有非凡的智慧和学习能力。年轻时，他就对儒家的伦理哲学和道德修养产生了浓厚的兴趣，并坚定地决定遵循孔子的教诲。他敏锐的才思和卓越的道德品质引起了孔子的注意，孔子对颜回极为器重，把他视为自己最喜爱的学生之一。
颜回秉持着严格的道德准则，以仁爱和慈悲为核心价值观，并努力践行这些原则。他坚信要以友善之心对待他人，尊崇礼仪，并追求高尚的道德品质。他不断地进行自我反思，努力改进自己的行为和品格，立志成为一个更优秀的人。孔子认为颜回是自己学说的一位有能力的继承者，于是给予他特别的指导和教诲，使颜回的思想得到了更深层次的发展。
然而，颜回的生命却不幸短暂。由于身体孱弱，他英年早逝，这让孔子深感悲痛，孔子也常常怀念颜回的品德和才学。
颜回的一生虽然短暂，但他的学术成就和道德品质却永远为人们所铭记和敬仰。他的奉献和贡献为后人树立了榜样，对构建和谐社会和培养优秀人才起着至关重要的作用。颜回的思想和精神将继续影响着人们的价值观和行为准则，在中华文化的传承中永远熠熠生辉。
考点积累
Passage 1 阅读理解A
单词短语
1 prminent adj. 显著的; 著名的
2 tumultuus adj. 动荡的
3 imperial adj.皇帝的; 帝国的
4 recruit v.征召
5 imprisnment n.监禁; 关押
6 illuminate v. 照亮
经典句式
These wrds have inspired cuntless individuals wh, like Wen Tianxiang, strive fr their ideals and principles.
(wh 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 individuals)
Passage 2 阅读理解B
单词短语
1 firewd n.柴火
2 withdraw v. 撤退
3 reign n.(君主)统治时期; 在位时期
4 gvernance n.统治
5 annex v.吞并
6 vengeance n.报仇; 复仇
经典句式
1 He became king in 495 BC, fllwing the death f his father frm injuries sustained during an invasin f Yue.
(现在分词短语作时间状语；过去分词短语作定语)
2 It was said that Gujian had been nursing his bitterness by sleeping n firewd and by tasting gall each mrning.
(it为形式主语； that引导主语从句)
Passage 3 七选五阅读
单词短语
1 hereditary adj.世袭的
2 harness v.治理; 疏导
3 ditch n.沟渠
4 tribal adj.部落的
5 unremitting adj. 不懈的; 持之以恒的
经典句式
Yu the Great was a her in ancient China, whse mst remarkable accmplishment was taming the flds.
(whse 引导非限制性定语从句，对 her进行补充说明)
Passage 4 完形填空
单词短语
1 hegemn n.霸主
2 assassinate v.暗杀; 行刺
3 recmmend v.推荐
4 gvern v.治理; 统治
5 capital n.资金; 本金
经典句式
1 My parents gave me life, but the persn wh truly understands me is Ba Shu Ya!
(wh 引导定语从句, 修饰先行词 persn)
2 Later, when peple praised their friends fr their deep friendship, they wuld say that they were“The friendship between Guan and Ba”.
( when 引导时间状语从句; that 引导宾语从句 )
Passage 5 语法填空
单词短语
1 exceptinal adj. 卓越的; 杰出的
2 ethical adj.道德的
3 uphld v. 支持; 维护
4 ritual n.礼仪
5 endeavr v.努力; 尝试
经典句式
1 Due t his frail health, he passed away at a yung age, leaving Cnfucius deeply saddened and lnging fr Yan Hui's mral character and schlarly talent.
(现在分词短语作结果状语)
2 Althugh Yan Hui's life was brief, his academic achievements and mral qualities are frever remembered and revered by peple.
(althugh引导让步状语从句)
语料积累
话题高频词汇1 upright adj.正直的; 诚实的
2 curageus adj.勇敢的; 无畏的
3 strng-minded adj.有主见的; 坚持己见的
4 self-disciplined adj.能律己的
5 hnesty n.诚实
6 trustwrthy adj.值得信任的; 可信赖的
7 respectful adj.表示敬意的; 尊敬的
8 hspitable adj.好客的; 热情友好的
9 generus adj.慷慨的; 大方的
10 mdesty n.谦虚; 谦逊
11. lyalty n.忠诚; 忠实
12 patritic adj.爱国的
13 perseverance n.毅力; 韧性
14 mral adj.道德的; 品行端正的
15 resilient adj.坚韧的; 有适应力的
16 diligent adj. 勤奋的; 勤勉的
17 thrifty adj.节俭的; 节约的
18 cnsiderate adj.体贴的; 考虑周到的
19 enthusiastic adj.热情的; 热心的
20 filial piety 孝道
21 keep ne’ s wrd遵守承诺
话题重点句、亮点句
1 During his tw years at the bys' schl, Zhan Tianyu embraced as many pprtunities as he culd t learn abut this new wrld.【人教版选择性必修二 Unit 2】在男校求学的两年时间里,詹天佑抓住一切可能的机会去了解这个全新的世界。
2 We are nt well-ff, but it is nt an excuse fr failing t carry ut filial duties. We shuld set a gd example fr ur children and pass dwn ur traditinal beliefs t the next generatin.【冀教版必修三 Unit 1】我们并不富裕，但这不是不尽孝道的借口。我们应该为孩子们树立一个好榜样，将我们的传统观念传承给下一代。
3 Als, as the great educatr Cnfucius stated, “When yu knw a thing, t recgnize that yu knw it; and when yu d nt knw a thing, t recgnize that yu d nt knw it—— that is wisdm.”【译林版必修四 Unit 4】此外，正如伟大的教育家孔子所说：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”
4 Yu the Great is admired nt nly fr his unremitting endeavrs t fight against natural disasters, but als fr frgetting abut his wn interests t help ther peple.大禹备受敬仰, 不仅是因为他坚持不懈地努力抗击自然灾害，还因为他舍己为人。
5 He stressed self-cultivatin, respect fr elders, and the pursuit f knwledge, which serves as a guiding light in ur fast-paced and intercnnected wrld.【2023全国甲卷】他强调自我修养、对长辈的尊重以及对知识的追求，而这些在我们这个快节奏且相互关联的世界里犹如一盏指引方向的明灯。
6 The nly pprtunity she culd seize t study was when her brther was having a Chinese lessn with the family tutr. She wuld sit quietly at the far end f the lng dinner table, listening clsely.【2024全国甲卷】她唯一能抓住的学习机会，就是趁哥哥跟着家庭教师上中文课的时候。她会安静地坐在长餐桌的另一头，聚精会神地听着。