青海省西宁市城西区某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题（解析版）

这是一份青海省西宁市城西区某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing apps helping senirs stay sharp
Undubtedly, yur grandparents gain experience and wisdm as they get lder. Hwever, they are likely t be anxius abut health prblems many senirs face, especially the frightening disrder f mental functining — thinking, remembering, and reasning. But dn’t wrry! The apps are here t help yur grandma and grandpa.
It presents level-based crsswrd puzzles and wrd search games, featuring versized buttns and cntrls fr senirs. Its games use pint systems t judge the perfrmance f players and it can dynamically adjust the difficulty f games t suit each individual — which keeps senirs enjying their sense f achievement.
It includes everything senirs need t stay sharp-minded. All they have t d is spend ten minutes per day playing a wide range f the app’s 45 available games. Peak even includes a built-in persnal trainer that helps track players’ prgress and arrange the seeps that they’ll need t imprve their mental sharpness.
It takes a scientific apprach t brain training with a variety f games t imprve senirs’ mental keenness. Players begin by seeing hw well they challenge specific types f mental abilities. Then with fun themes and enjyable elements added, they can keep players engaged while imprving their perfrmance at the given tasks.
It is a multipurpse app that helps senirs keep fit with brain training, physical activities, and tips n healthy eating. The apprach starts with brain. stimulating games that imprve memry, attentin and speed. And t tp it ff, it als cmes with senir-friendly wrkut vides.
1. What can the fur apps help senirs d?
A. Gain experience and wisdm.B. Keep life in rder.
C. Relieve mental aging anxiety.D. Extend scial circle.
2. Hw des Witty Wrds app make peratin easier fr the senins?
A. By designing large buttns.B. By tracing their prgress.
C. By using built-in trainers.D. By prviding dynamic games,
3. Which app als helps the senirs t build up the bdy?
A. Witty Wrds.B. Peak.C. Lumsity.D. MindMate.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了帮助老年人保持思维敏捷的四个应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Undubtedly, yur grandparents gain experience and wisdm as they get lder. Hwever, they are likely t be anxius abut health prblems many senirs face, especially the frightening disrder f mental functining--thinking, remembering, and reasning. But dn’t wrry! The apps are here t help yur grandma and grandpa. (毫无疑问，随着年龄的增长，你的祖父母会积累经验和智慧。然而，他们可能会对许多老年人面临的健康问题感到焦虑，尤其是令人恐惧的心理功能障碍——思考、记忆和推理。但别担心！这些应用程序是用来帮助你的爷爷奶奶的。)”可知，这四款应用程序能帮助老年人缓解心理衰老焦虑。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Witty Wrds”介绍中的“It presents level-based crsswrd puzzles and wrd search games, featuring versized buttns and cntrls fr senirs. (它提供了基于级别的填字游戏和单词搜索游戏，为老年人提供了超大的按钮和控件。)”可知，Witty Wrds应用程序通过设计大按钮让老年人更容易操作。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“MindMate”介绍中的“It is a multipurpse app that helps senirs keep fit with brain training, physical activities, and tips n healthy eating. The apprach starts with brain. stimulating games that imprve memry, attentin and speed. And t tp it ff, it als cmes with senir-friendly wrkut vides.(这是一个多用途的应用程序，可以帮助老年人通过大脑训练、体育活动和健康饮食提示来保持健康。方法从大脑开始。刺激游戏，提高记忆力，注意力和速度。最重要的是，它还配有适合老年人的锻炼视频。)”可知，MindMate通过大脑训练、体育活动和健康饮食技巧帮助老年人保持健康，还配有适合老年人的锻炼视频。由此可知，MindMate能够帮助老年人增强体质。故选D。
B
Cathy Winstn is a sprts nutritinist. Amng her regulars are athletes. Cathy thrives n the variety, with each new sprt prviding new challenges and a renewed appreciatin f her chsen field f expertise. In her view, dealing with athletes frm varius sprt backgrunds helps her becme seasned, which is a key part f being a successful nutritinist. “Yu have t understand nutritin and peple, and then yu can begin t wrk in this field,” she says. “Besides, in tennis yu must learn t be reactive, because yu dn’t knw hw lng the match lasts. Hwever, it’s 90 minutes in ftball s yu knw what yu’re fueling fr.”
Regardless f the sprt, Cathy’s attitude remains the same: Any athlete failing t respect nutritin is ne wh is failing t fulfill their ptential. It’s a key part f the training prcess. It’s nt just smething that yu take casually. She advises her athletes t hld nutritin in the same regard as they d their mst crucial bit f equipment. “Just as yu wuldn’t frget t put yur shin pads (护腿板) r yur bts in yur kit bag, dn’t frget t put in yur drinks and yur snacks. That infrms hw well yu train, because yu can’t get ut if yu haven’t put in.”
Nutritinists are smetimes unfairly represented as militant (斗志昂扬的) types telling what athletes can and can’t eat. But Cathy insists that when t eat is mre imprtant than what. “It’s abut when’s the right time t have it in,” she says. It’s a message that Cathy says can take a while t sink in. “A lt f bxers say, ‘but bananas make yu fat, right?’, and there’s this inherent belief that we mustn’t eat thse kinds f things. But it’s nt abut what t cut ut. It’s abut making sure that yu’ve gt the fundatin right fr health and perfrmance. It’s that ne size fits ne. It’s what wrks fr yu. T be an excellent athlete, yu really need t be an exceptinal eater.”
4. What des Cathy think abut her jb?
A. It hardly faces new challenges in every cmpetitin.
B. It mainly fcuses n the duratin f matches.
C. It merely needs t understand nutritin and peple.
D. It highly values experience and flexibility.
5. Hw des Cathy emphasize the imprtance f nutritin t athletes?
A. By making a cmparisn.B. By analyzing a phenmenn.
C. By telling a stry.D. By prviding data.
6. Accrding t Cathy, what is a fundamental principle behind successful sprts nutritin?
A. Fcusing n the timing f the diet.
B. Cutting ut specific fds frm the diet.
C. Fllwing a strict and militant diet plan.
D. Increasing the variety f fds.
7. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Fd has a say in the sprts field.
B. Nutritinists act as unsung heres behind athletes.
C. Nutritin determines the results in the cmpetitin.
D. A gd eater is a great athlete.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了营养师的工作内容、工作理念及运动员与营养之间的紧密关系。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In her view, dealing with athletes frm varius sprt backgrunds helps her becme seasned, which is a key part f being a successful nutritinist.”（在她看来，与来自各种运动背景的运动员打交道有助于她变得经验丰富，这是成为成功营养师的关键部分。）以及“Besides, in tennis yu must learn t be reactive, because yu dn’t knw hw lng the match lasts. Hwever, it’s 90 minutes in ftball s yu knw what yu’re fueling fr.”（此外，打网球你必须学会反应，因为你不知道比赛要持续多久。然而，足球比赛是90分钟，所以你知道你要为什么加油）可推知，Cathy认为她的工作需要经验丰富和灵活性，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She advises her athletes t hld nutritin in the same regard as they d their mst crucial bit f equipment. ‘Just as yu wuldn’t frget t put yur shin pads(护腿板) r yur bts in yur kit bag, dn’t frget t put in yur drinks and yur snacks”（就像你不会忘记把护腿板或靴子放在你的装备包里，也不要忘记放入你的饮料和零食。）可推知，Cathy通过比较的方式强调营养的重要性，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But Cathy insists that when t eat is mre imprtant than what.”（但Cathy坚持认为吃的时间比吃什么更重要。）可推知，Cathy认为成功的运动营养背后的基本原则是关注饮食的时间，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了营养师的工作内容、工作理念及运动员与营养之间的紧密关系，从而说明了营养师是运动场上运动员背后的无名英雄之一，故选B。
C
We smetimes think that everything was much better and easier in the past. It’s ne f the tricks ur minds play n us, especially when we arc in lw spirits.
Actually, it’s unlikely that things were bjectively better in the past. This frm f thinking is called rsy retrspectin, which is a well-studied cgnitive bias. It happens because when we think abut the past, we are mre likely t fcus n psitive generalities than annying details.
If yu think back t a hliday with yur family five years ag, yu’re likely t recall the beautiful views rather than the uncmfrtable bed. In ther wrds, the negative details disappear frm ur memry ver time while the psitive nes remain.
Rsy retrspectin can influence hw we make decisins, and it’s ne f the reasns why we easily return int prblematic relatinships. The lnger it is since we experienced the negative influence f a relatinship, the mre likely we are t let the gd memries utweigh the bad memries and t perhaps frgive unfrgivable behavir. It’s always a gd idea t review ur nstalgic (怀旧的) feelings with a healthy degree f dubt.
But rsy retrspectin des serve an imprtant purpse. It keeps us in a psitive state f mind in the present and is imprtant t ur psychlgical wellbeing. In fact, peple wh tend t remember negative experiences mre than psitive nes are likely t exhibit psychlgical disrders. Research generally suggests that ur happiest days are still t cme. And even if they’re nt, it’s still imprtant t believe that they are. Dn’t shy away frm lking upn the past with a certain degree f nstalgia. But, fr the same reasn, dn’t use the past as an excuse t be unhappy in the present.
8. What des the underlined phrase “rsy retrspectin” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Having a preference fr gd memries.B. Remembering exactly abut the details.
C. Cncentrating n impssible things.D. Thinking bjectively abut the past:
9. Which f the fllwing is encuraged by the authr accrding t Paragraph 4?
A. Reviewing the nstalgic feelings critically.
B. Ignring the nstalgic feelings abslutely.
C. Frgiving the unacceptable behavir generusly.
D. Getting back t the prblematic relatinships bravely.
10. What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. The gd excuse fr present unhappiness.
B. The accuracy f remembering past details.
C. The imprtance f maintaining a psitive mindset.
D. The negative impact f recalling past experiences.
11. What is the authr’s attitude tward rsy retrspectin accrding t the passage?
A. Negative.B. Cautius.C. Favrable.D. Objective.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们对过去的美好回忆（玫瑰色回忆）现象，指出其影响决策和心理健康，但提醒要以健康态度回顾过去，不应影响现在的幸福。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章划线短语下文“It happens because when we think abut the past, we are mre likely t fcus n psitive generalities than annying details.(之所以会发生这种情况，是因为当我们回想过去时，我们更倾向于关注积极的概况，而不是恼人的细节。)”可知，划线短语指的是“当我们回忆过去时，我们更可能关注积极的总体情况，而不是令人烦恼的细节。”选项A “Having a preference fr gd memries.(偏好美好记忆)”意义一致。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It’s always a gd idea t review ur nstalgic（怀旧的）feelings with a healthy degree f dubt.(带着健康程度的怀疑来回顾我们的怀旧情绪总是一个好主意。)”可知，作者建议我们应该以一种健康的怀疑态度来审视我们的怀旧情感。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“It keeps us in a psitive state f mind in the present and is imprtant t ur psychlgical wellbeing. In fact, peple wh tend t remember negative experiences mre than psitive nes are likely t exhibit psychlgical disrders. Research generally suggests that ur happiest days are still t cme. And even if they’re nt, it’s still imprtant t believe that they are. Dn’t shy away frm lking upn the past with a certain degree f nstalgia. But, fr the same reasn, dn’t use the past as an excuse t be unhappy in the present.(它让我们保持积极的心态，对我们的心理健康很重要。事实上，那些更倾向于记住消极经历而不是积极经历的人很可能表现出心理障碍。研究普遍表明，我们最幸福的日子还未到来。即使它们不是，重要的是要相信它们是。不要羞于带着某种程度的怀旧去回顾过去。但是，出于同样的原因，不要把过去作为现在不开心的借口。)”可知，最后一段讨论了“玫瑰色回忆”在保持当前积极心态和心理健康方面的重要性。它指出“它让我们保持当前的积极心态，对我们的心理健康很重要。”这表明该段落的主要思想是保持积极心态的重要性。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Rsy retrspectin can influence hw we make decisins, and it’s ne f the reasns why we easily return int prblematic relatinships. The lnger it is since we experienced the negative influence f a relatinship, the mre likely we are t let the gd memries utweigh the bad memries and t perhaps frgive unfrgivable behavir. It’s always a gd idea t review ur nstalgic（怀旧的）feelings with a healthy degree f dubt.(美好的回忆会影响我们做决定的方式，这也是为什么我们很容易回到问题关系中的原因之一。我们经历一段关系的负面影响的时间越长，我们就越有可能让美好的记忆超过糟糕的记忆，也许会原谅不可原谅的行为。带着健康程度的怀疑来回顾我们的怀旧情绪(总是一个好主意。)”以及最后一段“It keeps us in a psitive state f mind in the present and is imprtant t ur psychlgical wellbeing.(它让我们保持积极的心态，对我们的心理健康很重要。)”可知，作者认可美好回忆有助于维持当前的积极心态和对心理健康有益，但是作者也提醒读者要注意其潜在的风险。由此可知，作者对美好回忆抱有客观的态度。故选D。
D
Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an Al algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.
The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (轰隆隆) in the Earth.
This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”
While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.
Finally, the authrs hpe t cmbine the system with physics-based mdels. This strategy culd prve especially imprtant where data is pr r lacking. “That may be a lng way t g, but many advances such as this ne, taken tgether, are what mves science frward.” cncludes Sctt Tinker, the bureau’s directr.
12. Which wrds can best describe the earthquake-predicting technlgy?
A. Reliable but utdated.B. Effective but cstly.
C. Ptential and ecnmical.D. Grundbreaking and prmising.
13. Hw des the AI frecast earthquakes?
A. By identifying data frm the satellites.
B. By analyzing backgrund sunds in the Earth.
C. By mdeling data based n earthquake recrdings.
D. By mnitring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.
14. What des Alexandrs Savvaidis intend t shw in paragraph 3?
A. The ways t reduce lsses in earthquakes.
B. The imprtance f preparing fr earthquakes.
C. The significance f develping the AI predictin.
D. The limitatin f AI algrithms in earthquake predictin.
15. What des the fllwing research fcus n?
A. Cnducting tests in different lcatins.
B. Applying the AI apprach t ther fields.
C. Building mre earthquake statins in Texas.
D. Enlarging the database t train the accuracy.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能（AI）在地震预测领域的新进展，通过详细解释AI算法的工作原理、训练过程以及其在地震预测中的准确性和潜在应用，向读者普及了相关的科学知识。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is shwing prmise in earthquake predictin, challenging the lng-held belief that it is impssible. Researchers at the University f Texas, Austin, have develped an Al algrithm (算法) that crrectly predicted 70% f earthquakes a week in advance during a test in China and prvided accurate strength calculatins fr the predicted earthquakes.(人工智能(AI)在地震预测方面显示出希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为地震预测是不可能的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员开发了一种人工智能算法(算法)，在中国进行的一次测试中，该算法提前一周正确预测了70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算)”可知，地震预测技术有发展前景；再根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，这种地震预测技术是一个里程碑的进展，并且能够显著减少经济和人员伤亡的损失，具有巨大的潜力来改进全球的地震准备。由此推知，这种技术可以被认为是具有突破性和前景的。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The AI was prvided with a set f statistical features based n the team’s knwledge f earthquake physics, and then instructed t train itself using a five-year database f earthquake recrdings. Once trained, the AI prvided its predictin by listening fr signs f incming earthquakes within the backgrund rumblings (轰隆隆) in the Earth.(根据团队对地震物理学的了解，为人工智能提供了一组统计特征，然后指示它使用五年的地震记录数据库进行自我训练。经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测)”可知，人工智能经过训练后通过在地球的背景隆隆声中收听即将发生地震的迹象来进行预测。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This wrk is clearly a milestne in research fr AI-driven earthquake predictin. “Yu dn’t see earthquakes cming,” explains Alexandrs Savvaidis, a senir research scientist wh leads the Texas Seismlgical Netwrk Prgram (TexNet). “It’s a matter f millisecnds, and the nly thing yu can cntrl is hw prepared yu are. Even with the 70% accuracy (精确度), that’s a huge result and culd help decrease ecnmic and human lsses and has the ptential t remarkably imprve earthquake preparatin wrldwide.”(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。“你看不到地震的到来，”领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandrs Savvaidis解释说。“这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。”)”可知，Alexandrs Savvaidis在第三段中解释了地震预测的重要性，并强调了AI预测系统的70%准确率是一个巨大的结果，可以帮助减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备。由此推知，Alexandrs Savvaidis意在展示开发人工智能预测系统的重要性。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While it is unknwn whether the same apprach will wrk at ther lcatins, the researchers are cnfident that their AI algrithm culd prduce mre accurate predictins if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking netwrks. The next step is t test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake statins and ver six years wrth f cntinuus recrds, making it an ideal lcatin fr these purpses.(虽然尚不清楚同样的方法是否会在其他地方起作用，但研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，他们的人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为德克萨斯大学的德克萨斯网络局(Bureau TexNet)有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，使其成为进行这些研究的理想地点)”可知，这表明他们计划在不同地点进行测试以验证该方法的适用性。由此推知，该研究的重点是在不同地点进行测试。故选A。
第二节(共5小题： 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When did we start walking fr leisure?
“Ging fr a walk” is a ppular pastime amng lder and yunger generatins alike because f its well-knwn benefits fr ur physical and mental health. But yu may be surprised t hear that wandering thrugh pretty streets r hiking in muntainus have nt always been cnsidered leisure activities, accrding t Daniel Gale, a researcher f pedestrianism (步行运动).
____16____ Befre that, it was just smething peple did ut f necessity, sme f whm even assciated it with criminal activity. But fr Charles Dickens, the famus English 19th Century authr, marching thrugh Lndn streets and tramping arund the cuntryside was a big part f the creative prcess. ____17____ He walked at an impressive pace f fur miles per hur, accrding t his bigraphy by Peter Ackryd.
____18____ Perhaps yu can take inspiratin frm anther big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Threau tk a slwer apprach, preferring t strll ver hills and fields and thrugh the wds. He said that he culd nt preserve his health and spirits withut walking at least fur hurs a day.
This idea f taking a strll t clear yur head has survived thrugh t the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article fr the Lndn Magazine advised pedestrians t avid things such as hanging arund in cnversatin and bstructing peple behind yu. ____19____
In this mdern age, when many f us are tied t ur desks and t ur screens, try the simple act f stepping ut nt the city pavements, r getting lst in nature. ____20____ Whether yu see yurself mre as a casual strller r a purpseful strider (阔步者), why nt build a habit ut f it?
A. What if speed-walking isn’t yur thing?
B. This may make all the difference t ur wellbeing.
C. Nwadays, we culd add distracted phne-users.
D. He brught the recreatin f walking int fashin.
E. Ging n an urban walk is much mre pleasant nw.
F. It was a time t absrb what was ging n arund him.
G. In Britain, walking fr fun wasn’t really a thing until the 1780s.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步的历史以及好处。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Befre that, it was just smething peple did ut f necessity, sme f whm even assciated it with criminal activity.(在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人甚至把它与犯罪活动联系在一起)”可知，本句主要在说明散步流行起来的时间。故G选项“在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣才真正成为一件事”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“But fr Charles Dickens, the famus English 19th Century authr, marching thrugh Lndn streets and tramping arund the cuntryside was a big part f the creative prcess. (但对19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯来说，在伦敦街头游行、在乡间漫步是创作过程的重要组成部分)”可知，上文提到著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢创作的时候散步，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“这是一个吸收周围发生的事情的时候”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Perhaps yu can take inspiratin frm anther big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Threau tk a slwer apprach, preferring t strll ver hills and fields and thrugh the wds. He said that he culd nt preserve his health and spirits withut walking at least fur hurs a day.(也许你可以从另一个胸怀大志的流浪者身上得到启发。19世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘、田野和树林里漫步。他说，如果每天不走至少四个小时，他就无法保持健康和精神)”可知，后文主要说明了漫步的放松方式，结合上一段“He walked at an impressive pace f fur miles per hur, accrding t his bigraphy by Peter Ackryd.(根据彼得·阿克罗伊德的传记，他以每小时4英里的惊人速度行走)”提到了快速行走，故A选项“如果你不喜欢快走呢？”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“This idea f taking a strll t clear yur head has survived thrugh t the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article fr the Lndn Magazine advised pedestrians t avid things such as hanging arund in cnversatin and bstructing peple behind yu.(通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪。但是，行人的举止还保持不变吗？1780年《伦敦杂志》上的一篇文章建议行人避免在谈话中徘徊或妨碍身后的人)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在说明导致行人散步行为发生改变的情况，故C选项“现在，我们可以加上分心的电话用户”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In this mdern age, when many f us are tied t ur desks and t ur screens, try the simple act f stepping ut nt the city pavements, r getting lst in nature.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人都被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，试着走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中)”以及后文“Whether yu see yurself mre as a casual strller r a purpseful strider (阔步者), why nt build a habit ut f it?(无论你把自己看成是一个随意的漫步者还是一个有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？)”可知，后文建议出去散步，可知本句是在说明散步的好处。故B选项“这可能会对我们的健康产生很大的影响”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One f my majr life- turning pint s happened during my exchange study in Finland. At the University f Ecnmics in Prague where I studied, it was extremely ____21____ t get n an Erasmus exchange trip abrad since the demand was ____22____ . Everyne wanted t g!
Regardless, I decided t sign up early fr my last semester, just t see what the prcess was like and t be better prepared fr ____23____ again in a year. I did make it thrugh all the three runds and ____24____ gt a spt at a University in Turku, Finland! I was ____25____ . The success brught its wn ____26____ , but nce yu set yur eyes n the gal, nthing can stp yu.
And I had the time f my life in Finland. I met the mst amazing peple, traveled a tn, partied a lt, and ____27____ with friends frm all ver the wrld. ____28____ I was ne f the few peple there wh really needed t pass all the curses and additinally write the papers, I ____29____ t run n an impssible sleep schedule f fur hurs per night. But I ____30____ it! My study in Finland pened up my ____31____ , t.
After the exchange study, I ____32____ my life in Finland. This adventure led me t chse a life f ____33____ made up f remte wrk and plenty f travelling. I culdn’t have asked fr a better ____34____ . And it gave me ne f my favrite ____35____ that I can nw share with thers.
21. A. influentialB. significantC. impssibleD. difficult
22. A. hugeB. flexibleC. tempraryD. precise
23. A. distributingB. acquiringC. applyingD. perfrming
24. A. bviuslyB. imprtantlyC. immediatelyD. surprisingly
25. A. disappintedB. cnfusedC. excitedD. embarrassed
26. A. reactinsB. challengesC. pprtunitiesD. achievements
27. A. cmpetedB. interactedC. cnflictedD. agreed
28. A. Nw thatB. Even ifC. In caseD. S lng as
29. A. happenedB. managedC. examinedD. hesitated
30. A. ignredB. declinedC. madeD. expected
31. A. hriznsB. cmpaniesC. respnsibilitiesD. rganizatins
32. A. wrapped upB. picked upC. held upD. brught up
33. A. experimentB. emplymentC. disciplineD. freedm
34. A. salaryB. utcmeC. psitinD. prfessin
35. A. traditinsB. fictinsC. experiencesD. legends
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在芬兰参加交流学习的经历。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我就读的布拉格经济大学，由于需求量巨大，想要参加伊拉斯谟项目的海外交流之旅极其困难。A. influential有影响力的；B. significant重要的；C. impssible不可能的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“Regardless, I decided t sign up early fr my last semester, just t see what the prcess was like”及“Everyne wanted t g”可知，作者要参加伊拉斯谟项目的海外交流之旅竞争激烈，想要参加极其困难。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. huge巨大的；B. flexible灵活的；C. temprary短暂的；D. precise精确的。根据后文“Everyne wanted t g!”可知，参加这个海外交流项目困难是由于参加者需求巨大。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是决定在大三上学期就报名试试，看看流程是怎样的，为一年后再次申请做好准备。A. distributing打扰；B. acquiring获得；C. applying申请，应用；D. perfrming表现，表演。根据下文“again in a year.”可知，作者为来年再次申请做准备。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我成功地通过了三轮筛选，出乎意料地获得了一个去芬兰图尔库大学的机会！A. bviusly明显地；B. imprtantly重要地；C. immediately立刻；D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据上文“t be better prepared fr”以及“again in a year.”可知，作者原本打算来年再申请一次，结果却通过了，这是令人惊讶的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋！A. disappinted感到失望的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“gt a spt at a University in Turku, Finland”可知，作者获得了一个去芬兰图尔库大学的机会，因此很兴奋。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功带来了自身的挑战，但是一旦你把目光放在目标上，就没有什么能阻止你。A. reactins反应；B. challenges挑战；C. pprtunities机会；D. achievements成就。根据下文“but nce yu set yur eyes n the gal, nthing can stp yu.”可知，成功会带来挑战。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了最了不起的人，旅行了很多次，参加了很多聚会，并与来自世界各地的朋友建立了联系。A. cmpeted竞争；B. interacted互动；C. cnflicted冲突，抵触；D. agreed同意。根据“I met the mst amazing peple, traveled a tn, partied a lt”可知，作者和来自世界各地的朋友建立了联系。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为我是那里为数不多必须通过所有课程并且还要写论文的人之一，我设法坚持了一个不可能的作息时间表，每晚只睡四个小时。A. Nw that既然；B. Even if尽管；C. In case以防，万一；D. S lng as只要。前一句提到“I was ne f the few peple there wh really needed t pass all the curses and additinally write the papers（我是那里为数不多必须通过所有课程并且还要写论文的人之一）”，后一句提到“t run n an impssible sleep schedule f fur hurs per night. （我设法坚持了一个不可能的作息时间表，每晚只睡四个小时）”，前一句是后一句的原因，需用nw that引导原因状语从句。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. happened发生；B. managed管理，完成（困难的事）；C. examined检查；D. hesitated犹豫。根据下文“t run n an impssible sleep schedule f fur hurs per night”可知，作者设法坚持了一个不可能的作息时间表，每晚只睡四个小时。manage t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法成功做某事”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我成功了！A. ignred忽视；B. declined拒绝；C. made完成；D. expected期待。根据上文“t run n an impssible sleep schedule”并结合“But”可知，作者成功了。make it为固定搭配，意为“成功”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在芬兰的学习也开阔了我的视野。A. hrizns地平线，视野；B. cmpanies公司；C. respnsibilities责任；D. rganizatins组织。根据上文“And I had the time f my life in Finland. I met the mst amazing peple, traveled a tn, partied a lt, ”可知，作者在交流学习期间拓宽了视野。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：交换学习结束后，我结束了在芬兰的生活。A. wrapped up圆满结束；B. picked up拾起；C. held up举起，支撑；D. brught up抚养。根据上文“After the exchange study”可知，作者在芬兰的生活结束了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险让我选择了一种自由的生活，包括远程工作和大量的旅行。A. experiment实验；B. emplyment雇佣；C. discipline纪律；D. freedm自由。根据下文“made up f remte wrk and plenty f travelling”可知，作者的冒险中选择了一种自由的生活方式。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不可能有比这更好的结果了。A. salary薪水；B. utcme结果，成果；C. psitin位置；D. prfessin职业。根据上文“This adventure led me t chse a life f ”可知，作者认为交流学习的结果是很好的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我一个我最喜欢现在可以和别人分享的经历。A. traditins传统；B. fictins小说；C. experiences经历；D. legends传说。根据下文“that I can nw share with thers”以及前文的描述可知，这次交流学习是可以和别人分享的经历。故选C。
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lin Zexu, a senir fficial f the Qing Dynasty, is remembered tday amng Chinese peple as ___36___ rle mdel fr patritism (爱国主义). He is als cnsidered as a great her, ___37___ fught against pium (鸦片) when seriusly alarmed at the negative effect that the highly addictive drug was having ___38___ China.
At first, the Qing gvernment tlerated the pium trade in rder t prmte ecnmy. But in a few years, pium began t fld acrss the cuntry, causing serius damage. Many peple including sldiers became ___39___(addict). He sent several memrials (奏折) t the emperr, ___40___(try) t get pium banned natinwide. The indecisive emperr was finally mved by Lin Zexu, wh said that if pium ___41___(allw) t spread unchecked, within a few decades, China wuld fail t resist enemy ___42___ (frce), let alne maintain natinal independence.
As a result, Lin Zexu was prmted t the pst f special imperial envy (特使), and sent t Guangdng, the main prt f the pium trade, t wipe ut pium. Official s f the freign cuntries ___43___(statin) in China were determined t cntinue the business, and sme even ffered him treasures, hping t buy him ver. But, cntrary t their expectatins, Lin Zexu stuck t ___44___(he)duty, declaring, “I will nt return t Beijing ____45____ pium is destryed.”
It was his perseverance and determinatin that cntributed t the success f destrying pium at Humen.
【答案】36. a 37. wh 38. n 39. addicted 40. trying 41. was allwed 42. frces 43. statined 44. his 45. until##unless
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了清朝官员林则徐作为爱国主义的典范和英雄，他对抗鸦片贸易的故事。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：林则徐，清朝的一位高级官员，今天在中国人的心中作为爱国主义的一个榜样被记住。a是不定冠词，用于单数可数名词前，表示“一个”。由于rle mdel是可数名词，此处表示泛指，因此使用不定冠词a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：他还被认为是一位与鸦片作斗争的伟大英雄。关系代词wh用于引导定语从句，指代前面提到的先行词a great her，并在从句中作主语。故填wh。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：当对这种极易上瘾的药物对中国产生的负面影响深感震惊时。n 是介词，表示“对……有影响”。故填n。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：包括士兵在内的许多人变得上瘾了。addicted 是过去分词，可作形容词，用作表语，说明peple和sldiers的状态。故填addicted。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他向皇帝发送了几份奏折，试图让鸦片在全国范围内被禁止。trying 是现在分词，用作状语，表示目的，即他发送奏折的目的是要禁止鸦片。故填trying。
【41题详解】
考查动词的被动语态。句意：如果鸦片被允许无限制地传播，几十年内，中国将无法抵抗敌军的力量。was allwed 是动词的被动语态，表示pium是动作的承受者。故填was allwed。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：中国将无法抵抗敌军的力量，更不用说维护国家独立了。frce是可数名词，意思是“武装力量”，前无限定词，这里应该使用复数形式。故填frces。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：驻扎在中国的外国官员决心继续这项业务。statined是动词，意思是驻扎，在这里需要变成过去分词，用作后置定语，说明这些官员的状态。故填statined。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：但是，与他们的预期相反，林则徐坚守了他的职责。his 是形容词性物主代词，代替Lin Zexu，指代他自己的职责。故填his。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：除非鸦片被销毁，否则我不会返回北京。until/unless 是连词，引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句，表示“直到……才……”或“除非……否则不……”，符合题意。故填until/unless。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上个月你和外国朋友 Shawn 一起参加了“打卡蓉城”的 City Walk 活动。他回国后给你发来了照片，请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢分享照片；
2. 回顾活动时光；
3. 邀请来蓉再聚。
注意:
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 打卡蓉城 Check ut Rngcheng
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Shawn,
Hpe this message finds yu well. I want t express my sincere appreciatin fr yur prmpt sharing f the phts that bring back the cherished memries we’ve created tgether.
Last mnth, ur explring the event themed “Check ut Rngcheng” was an unfrgettable experience. Wandering thrugh its renwned destinatins, such as the rmantic Jiuyanqia Bridge acrss the Jinjiang River, the picturesque Tianfu Greenway arund the city, as well as the Brad and Narrw Alley featuring the lcal leisure life, left a lasting impressin n my memry.
With the summer vacatin appraching, I wuld like t invite yu t cme again, shuld yur schedule permit. It wuld be an abslute delight t have yu here, allwing us t further immerse urselves in the many attractins Chengdu has t ffer. I’m lking frward t yur visit.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tday was February 5th, a cld rainy mrning, the srt f start that made me wish that I culd skip schl and head back t my warm hme, and bed. Thugh it was my senir year, mst days seemed t re-main the same bredm.
Being late fr 5 minutes, I dashed up the stairs, swung pen the dr t my British Literature class, like a spping wet dg, and plpped dwn (砰然坐下) in my seat. The eyes arund the rm glared at me, as my teacher cleared her thrat, “Mathew maybe g and see the lst-and-fund fr a change f clthes.” I felt my face turn red and strmed ut quickly.
The lst-and-fund bin did nt lk prmising, until I came acrss an versized navy cat at the bt-tm. I put it n and zipped up, this wuld d fr the next cuple f hurs. Freezing up, I dug my hands deeper dwn int the pckets t keep warm. Then I hit smething, and pulled ut a smewhat crinkled (皱巴巴的) piece f ntebk paper with sme wrds. “T yu, yes yu.” I read alud, realizing that this must be a letter frm smene. “Dear Persn, I dn’t knw exactly wh yu are, but I believe that this letter fund yu fr a reasn. I am the least likely f peple t write smething f this srt, but it’s my senir year, and I thught that I wuld make true friends. If yu wuld like t participate in this experiment, please leave yur respnse in lcker 115, secnd flr.” My eyes brightened.
I finished my letter by the bell, as I made my way thrugh the crwd, Charlie jammed his shulder int mine frm the ppsite directin. “Hey! Out f my way!” I shuted. He just ignred me, nt lking back. Charlie is ppular in ur schl and peple like him (but nt me). I knw Charlie never likes me, ever since primary schl. I finally made it t the secnd flr, slipped the letter int the lcker, and left secretly.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: Sn my unseen pen pal and I wrte letters every day. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: I waited fr my pen pal in the stadium after schl that day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Sn my unseen pen pal and I wrte letters everyday. Our wrds flwed freely, sharing secrets dreams, and the struggles f ur senir year. Each letter was a small gift, a surprise waiting in lcker 115. I fund myself lking frward t these exchanges mre than anything else in schl. Our stries intertwined, building a bnd strnger than any friendship I had ever knwn. Gradually, the annymity f ur crrespndence became less imprtant. What mattered was the cnnectin we had frmed thrugh wrds n paper.
I waited fr my pen pal in the stadium after schl that day. My heart raced as I anticipated the reveal f ur secret identity. The crwd thinned ut, and then I saw him. Charlie, standing there with a nervus smile. “It’s yu!” we exclaimed in unisn. The surprise was quickly replaced by a warm embrace. Our letters had bridged the gap between us, and nw we std as true friends. Charlie aplgized fr his past behavir, and I admitted my wn fears and misunderstandings. Tgether, we walked ut f the stadium, knwing that ur friendship wuld be a lasting ne.