外研版 选必一 Unit 6 第二课时 Using language学案

这是一份外研版 选必一 Unit 6 第二课时 Using language学案，共16页。学案主要包含了词块积累，归纳拓展等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1 Hwever, the lcal peple wrry that building the htel is nt ec-friendly and will disturb the wildlife. 然而，当地人担心建造酒店不环保且会干扰野生动物。
disturb v. 干扰，扰乱；打扰，使中断；使焦虑，使担心
【搭配】
be disturbed by/abut / at 对……感到忧虑
It disturbs sb. t d sth. 做某事使某人感到不安。
He is deeply disturbed by the thught f lsing his best friend.
他因失去最好的朋友的想法深感烦恼。
It disturbs her t witness the destructin f histrical buildings fr the sake f develpment.
目睹为了发展而破坏历史建筑让她痛心。
1. disturbing adj. 使人烦恼的；令人不安的
a disturbing piece f news 一则令人不安的消息
2. disturbed adj. 不安的；烦恼的
be disturbed t find/discver/see/hear... 因发现/查明/看见/听见……而感到不安
【词块积累】
单句语法填空
① I sn discver that much has changed since the days f ______ (disturb) reprts f camps alng rivers f rubbish.
② (词汇复现) I feel ________ (disturb) t hear that the prfits f ur cmpany are n the decline.
③ Plant the tree where it will nt _________ (disturb).
完成句子
④ _______________________ （想到……就让我很不安）s many f my peers are indifferent t envirnmental prtectin,
2 Even thugh the wner f the cmpany guarantees that the new design will be in harmny with its beautiful surrundings...
尽管公司所有者保证，（新酒店的）设计将与其周围优美的环境相协调……
in harmny with 与……协调/一致 派生词：harmnius adj. 和谐的；和睦的
In this small twn, peple live in harmny with each ther, sharing jys and srrws.
在这个小镇上，人们彼此和谐相处，同甘共苦。
There are several ways t create and maintain a harmnius drmitry life.
有一些方法可以创造并维持一种和谐的宿舍生活。

词块积累
ut f harmny with 与……不协调
单句语法填空
① Human life is regarded as part f nature and, as such, the nly way fr us t survive is t live in harmny _____ nature.
② In China, there is a saying that a ________ (harmny) family leads t abundance in life.
完成句子
③ We must ensure that turism develps ____________ (与……一致) the envirnment.
lcal peple are still cncerned that the htel may use up natural resurces.
……当地人仍然担心酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
use up 用完，用尽
The wrld is using up its natural resurces at an alarming rate.
世界正以惊人的速度耗尽其自然资源。
It wuld be a disaster fr humans if all the fresh water were used up.
如果所有的淡水都用完了，对人类来说将是一场灾难。
词块辨析
use up 及物动词短语，后接宾语，可用于被动语态
run ut f 及物动词短语，后接宾语，但一般不用于被动语态
give ut/run ut 不及物动词短语，不可接宾语，也不用于被动语态
我们的钱用完了。
Our mney was used up. (√)
We used up/ran ut f ur mney. (√)
Our mney gave ut / ran ut.(√ )
选词填空(use up/run ut f/run ut/give ut)
Wrse luck! First, fd and drinking water had been ① _________ befre we reached the destinatin. Then the car suddenly brke dwn. It turned ut that the gas had ②____________. S we had t walk ahead until ur strength ③__________. We finally reached a small htel, but we fund we had ④_________ ur mney.
4 Even thugh the wner f the cmpany guarantees that...
尽管公司所有者保证……
even thugh/if 引导让步状语从句 even thugh/if 引导让步状语从句，主句如果用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
Even thugh I fail this time, I will try again.
即使我这次失败了，我还要再试试。
as thugh/if 意为 “似乎；好像”，引导表语从句或方式状语从句，根据句意，有时认为用虚拟语气。
He thrws his arms and legs ut as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.
他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。
【归纳拓展】
单句语法填空
① Even thugh he _________ (suffer) frm a lt f difficulties, he will never give in.
② It seemed as if the wrld _________ (be) cming t an end!
完成句子
③ ______________________ (尽管道路漫长而艰难) they will never give up n their jurney.
Part II Grammar: Present perfect cntinuus
1 Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelpes have nw been using these passages fr years. They seem ttally unaware that we are speeding past at ver 100 kilmetres an hur.
have been using...,其结构是“have / has + been +现在分词”,意为“(类似藏羚羊等野生动物)已经使用(通道有好几年了)”。
Q: 现在完成进行时的用法是什么?
A: 现在完成进行时表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作，该动作在说话时仍在继续进行，而且可能还要继续下去。这个时态常和 recently, all day, this week 等状语或fr，since引导的时间状语连用。例如: It has been raining all day. 意为“雨已经下了一整天”，表示下雨这个动作从过去一直延续到现在，很有可能继续下雨。
I have been studying English fr 5 years.（我已经学英语5年了。）
He has been waiting fr yu since 3 'clck.（他从3点就一直在等你。）
Q: 现在完成进行时和现在完成时有什么区别?
A: 首先，现在完成时更多地体现动作的结果和完成，而现在完成进行时则更强调动作的过程和延续。例如: I have kncked at the dr twice. 意为“我敲了两次门”; I have been kncking at the dr fr five minutes. 意为“我不断敲门已经敲了五分钟了”，强调现在还在敲门，很有可能接着敲门。其次，现在完成进行时有时带有感情色彩，而现在完成时则是平铺直叙，说明一个事实、一种影响或结果。例如: Wh has been shuting utside?意为“谁一直在外面大喊大叫呢?”，带有某种不满的情绪; Wh has shuted utside?意为“谁在外面大喊大叫来着?”，则只是询问一件事情。
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. They _______ (wrk) n the prject fr tw weeks.
2. My sister _______ (practise) the pian since she was 6.
3. It _______ (rain) all day. The grund is very wet.
二、翻译句子
1. 他一直在为考试学习。____________________
2. 我们已经讨论这个问题三个小时了。_______________________________________

Part III Pst--exercise
一、七选五
Building a DIY herb garden is a rewarding endeavr that allws yu t enjy fresh, hmegrwn herbs right at yur fingertips. Whether yu’ re an experienced gardener r a beginner, a well- maintained herb garden can enhance yur cking, add beauty t yur space, and even prvide a sense f relaxatin. 1 By fllwing these practical steps, yu can create a thriving herb garden that will serve yu well fr seasns t cme.
2 The first crucial step is chsing the right lcatin fr yur herb garden. Mst herbs thrive in full sunlight, requiring at least 6-8 hurs f direct sunlight per day. Hwever, sme herbs like mint and parsley can tlerate partial shade. Cnsider the amunt f sunlight yur chsen spt receives thrughut the day. 3 If yu live in an area with strng winds, find a sheltered lcatin r use windbreaks t prtect yur delicate herbs.
Select the herbs that suit yur needs and grwing cnditins. Think abut which herbs yu use mst frequently in yur cking. Basil, thyme, rsemary, and regan are ppular chices fr enhancing the flavr f Italian dishes. 4 If yu have limited space, pt fr cmpact varieties r herbs that can be grwn in cntainers. Als, take int accunt yur lcal climate. Sme herbs are mre cld- hardy, while thers prefer warmer temperatures.
Prepare the sil prperly befre planting. Herbs generally prefer well- drained sil that is rich in rganic matter. Yu can imprve the sil quality by adding cmpst, aged manure, r peat mss. 5 This helps the rts f the herbs grw easily. Avid using heavy, clay- like sil that can retain t much water and cause the rts t rt.
With the right planning and care, yur DIY herb garden will nt nly prvide yu with a buntiful supply f fresh herbs but als becme a delightful additin t yur hme.
A．Hwever, it’s imprtant t ensure gd air circulatin arund the plants as well.
B．Lavender, n the ther hand, is nt nly great fr baking but als has a sthing arma.
C．But achieving a successful herb garden requires careful planning and the right techniques.
D．Use a garden frk r tiller t lsen the sil t a depth f abut 8-10 inches.
E．Determine the size f yur garden based n the available space and the number f herbs yu want t grw.
F．Als, cnsider the prximity t a water surce, as regular watering is essential fr herb grwth.
G．Make sure t space the plants accrding t their mature size t prevent vercrwding.
二 阅读理解
While technlgical advancements have enhanced the cnvenience f urban cmmuting in recent years, envirnmental studies reveal a wrrying decline in urban green spaces, especially in densely ppulated districts. Many residents cmplain that there’s insufficient access t nature-filled areas fr relaxatin and exercise, s they end up spending mre time indrs, relying n virtual entertainment.
Urban planners Lila Chen and Ryan Mre are deeply trubled by such issues. In their newly released bk Green Living: Reclaim Our Cities’ Natural Spaces, they call fr a fundamental rethinking f urban design and the rle greenery shuld play in ur daily lives.
The landscape f urban living began t shift decades ag. Vast areas f natural vegetatin were cleared t make rm fr sprawling cncrete structures and cmmercial centers, frcing residents t seek nature in distant suburbs. Sme grassrts grups fught back. Mst ntably, a cmmunity rganizer frm Seattle, wh relcated t the city in the early 2000s, launched a mvement t save a lcal wetlands area frm being cnverted int a shpping mall. Expressing her utrage at the planned destructin, Emily Clark appealed t the city cuncil t “Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life cexist harmniusly, nt just a place f cncrete and cmmerce.” Similar initiatives tk place in ther majr cities acrss the cuntry in the 2010s.
Althugh these initiatives gained public attentin, the harsh reality is that the majrity f mdern cities remain verwhelmingly dminated by urban develpment at the expense f green spaces. The cverage f natural areas in cities has been shrinking steadily. In Califrnia, fr instance, the rati f urban green spaces t ttal city area has drpped t a recrd lw, even as the state prmtes envirnmental prtectin campaigns.
We invest substantial resurces in building urban infrastructure that priritizes speed and efficiency, yet we neglect t cnsider the true value f green spaces. D we fully cmprehend the scial and psychlgical csts when citizens lack easy access t natural envirnments fr mental rejuvenatin? The authrs f Green Living are spt-n: it’s high time we re-evaluate the urban landscapes right utside ur hmes.
6．What phenmenn des the authr highlight in paragraph 1?
A．Urban cmmuting has becme verly dependent n technlgy.
B．The reductin f urban green spaces leads t lifestyle changes.
C．Virtual entertainment is replacing utdr activities cmpletely.
D．Residents in densely ppulated areas have limited access t jbs.
7．What were the Seattle cmmunity rganizer and ther activists attempting t achieve?
A．Expand cmmercial develpment in urban areas.
B．Relcate residents t distant suburbs with mre greenery.
C．Safeguard urban natural spaces fr a balanced lifestyle.
D．Prmte the cnstructin f mre shpping malls in wetlands.
8．What can be inferred abut the initiatives in Califrnia in the 2010s?
A．They successfully increased the rati f urban green spaces.
B．They failed t reverse the trend f shrinking green areas.
C．They led t a surge in envirnmental prtectin dnatins.
D．They resulted in the clsure f all cmmercial cnstructin prjects.
9．Which f the fllwing wuld be the mst apprpriate title fr the text?
A．Urban Rush: Sacrificing Nature?B．Tech Advance: A Duble-edged Swrd?
C．Green Spaces: A Luxury r Necessity?D．Cmmunity Activism: A Lst Cause?
三、完形填空
Just ne year ag, n matter hw hard Nicle Amar asked her parents t let her skatebard, they refused t give in. Then the 10 happened after Brazilians were intrduced t a “little fairy (仙女)”, Rayssa Leal, wh gt a silver in the skatebarding 11 at Tky 2020 Olympics.
“My parents did nt want me t get hurt. But when they watched the Olympics, they realized it’s a 12 sprt and they have finally vercme their cncern,” said Amar, wh is receiving her first tw-hur skatebarding lessn at a training camp. “I want t be just like Rayssa Leal and win 13 .”
Sandr Dias, the wner f the training camp, said he used t receive messages frm ne r tw girls seeking classes n 14 days befre Tky 2020 Olympics. “Nw, there are just t many!”
Rayssa Leal was first 15 t the US in 2015, when a vide shwed the then 7-year-ld girl 16 t skatebard dwn three stairs while wearing a blue dress. She failed twice, but n the 17 attempt — wearing wings — she reached the landing successfully. American skatebarding superstar Tny Hawk 18 the vide n scial media and called her “little fairy”. It 19 the Internet like wildfires. They have since built a clse bnd and Leal 20 calls him “little Uncle Tny”.
Leal isn’t Brazil’s first female skatebarder. Pineers, like the 32-year-ld Leticia Bufni, struggled t gain 21 in the game. When Bufni was 10, her dad 22 her skatebard in an attempt t put an end t her hbby. “I cried fr hurs,” she said. “He thught 23 shuldn’t skatebard, because he had never seen a wman d it befre.”
After Leal’s Olympic shwing, n Brazilian parent can say that again, 24 .
10．A．funniestB．wrstC．unfrtunateD．impssible
11．A．trainingB．cmpetitinC．playD．park
12．A．well- paidB．dangerusC．greatD．cruel
13．A．medalsB．electinC．battlesD．mney
14．A．lngB．happyC．sunnyD．nrmal
15．A．intrducedB．allwedC．drivenD．taken
16．A．refusingB．declaringC．attemptingD．expecting
17．A．firstB．secndC．thirdD．furth
18．A．recrdedB．sharedC．cutD．saved
19．A．blcked utB．spread acrssC．cvered withD．respnded t
20．A．carelesslyB．calmlyC．rudelyD．sweetly
21．A．acceptanceB．independenceC．cnfidenceD．experience
22．A．repairedB．destryedC．paintedD．built
23．A．girlsB．studentsC．adultsD．teenagers
24．A．quietlyB．necessarilyC．cnvenientlyD．eventually
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cmmn water plant culd prvide a green energy surce. Scientists have figured ut hw t get large amunts f il frm duckweed, ne f nature’s fastest-grwing water plants. Transferring such plant il int bidiesel (生物柴油) fr transprtatin and 25 (heat) culd be a big part f a mre sustainable future.
Fr a new study, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants t prduce seven times mre il per acre than sybeans. Jhn Shanklin, a bichemist says further research culd duble the 26 (engineer) duckweed’s il utput in the next few years.
Bifuels, which are distinct frm fssil fuels 27 frm undergrund, pssess renewability whereas their cnsumptin rate 28 (exceed) by regeneratin speed. Lwer carbn ftprints cmpared t thse prduced by fssil fuels can be achieved by fuels surced frm bth unused and recycled vegetable ils, animal fat, alngside seaweed surces. Nevertheless, negative perceptins have been increasingly directed tward them recently. This 29 (criticize) is partly attributed t the reality that substantial crp 30 (vlume) are nw diverted tward energy prductin instead f fd supplies, while ver 100 millin acres f glbal agricultural land are ccupied by bifuel cultivatin.
Duckweed, cmmn n every cntinent but Antarctica, is amng the wrld’s mst prductive plants and the researchers suggest it culd be a game-changing renewable energy surce fr three key reasns. First, it grws 31 (ready) in water, s it wuldn’t cmpete with fd crps fr agricultural land. Secnd, duckweed can grw fast in agricultural pllutin released int the water. Third, Shanklin and his team fund a way t avid a majr bitechnlgical barrier. Fr 32 new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an il-prducing gene, “turning it n like a light switch” 33 intrducing a particular mlecule nly when the plant had finished grwing.
T expand prductin t industrial levels, scientists will need t design and prduce large-scale bases fr grwing engineered plants and btaining il is a challenge. Shanklin says, 34 duckweed is a nn-mainstream crp withut much existing infrastructure.
课堂练习参考答案
知识部分：
1. ① disturbing ② disturbed ③ be disturbed
④ It disturbs me t think that
2. ① with ② harmnius ③ in harmny with
3. ① used up ② given ut/run ut ③ gave ut/ran ut ④ used up/ran ut f
4. ① suffers ② were ③ Even thugh/if the rad is lng and difficult
语法部分：
一、1. have been wrking 2. has been practising 3. has been raining
二、1. He has been studying fr the exam.
2. We have been discussing this prblem fr three hurs.
课后练习参考答案
一 七选五
1．C 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了打造DIY香草园的相关内容，强调这是一项有益的尝试，能带来诸多好处，并详细阐述了打造香草园的实用步骤，包括选择合适位置、挑选香草、准备土壤等，以帮助读者创建一个繁茂的香草园。
1．根据空前的“Whether yu’re an experienced gardener r a beginner, a well-maintained herb garden can enhance yur cking, add beauty t yur space, and even prvide a sense f relaxatin. (无论你是经验丰富的园丁还是初学者，一个维护良好的香草园能改善你的烹饪，为你的空间增添美感，甚至带来放松的感觉。)”可知，此处强调打造香草园的诸多益处，结合空后的“By fllwing these practical steps, yu can create a thriving herb garden that will serve yu well fr seasns t cme. (通过遵循这些实用步骤，你可以创建一个繁茂的香草园，在未来的季节里为你带来诸多益处。)”可知，引出打造成功香草园需遵循的步骤。C选项“But achieving a successful herb garden requires careful planning and the right techniques. (但要打造一个成功的香草园，需要精心的规划和正确的技巧。)”中的“But”与前文形成转折，既肯定了香草园的好处，又引出下文的步骤，符合语境。故选C项。
2．根据空后的“The first crucial step is chsing the right lcatin fr yur herb garden. Mst herbs thrive in full sunlight, requiring at least 6-8 hurs f direct sunlight per day. (第一个关键步骤是为你的香草园选择合适的位置。大多数香草在充足的阳光下生长旺盛，每天需要至少6-8小时的直射阳光。)”可知，本段围绕香草园的位置和规模等展开。E选项“Determine the size f yur garden based n the available space and the number f herbs yu want t grw. (根据可用空间和你想种植的香草数量来确定花园的大小。)”是选择位置时需要考虑的因素，作为段落首句，引出下文对位置选择的具体阐述。故选E项。
3．根据空前的“Cnsider the amunt f sunlight yur chsen spt receives thrughut the day. (考虑你所选地点全天接收的阳光量。)”可知，上文提到要考虑所选地点的日照情况，结合空后的“If yu live in an area with strng winds, find a sheltered lcatin r use windbreaks t prtect yur delicate herbs. (如果你住在风力较大的地区，找一个避风的地方或使用防风林来保护你娇嫩的香草。)”可知，此处应继续说明选择位置时需要考虑的其他因素。F选项“Als, cnsider the prximity t a water surce, as regular watering is essential fr herb grwth. (此外，考虑到水源的距离，因为定期浇水对香草生长至关重要。)”中的“Als”承接前文，补充了位置选择的另一个要点，符合语境。故选F项。
4．根据空前的“Think abut which herbs yu use mst frequently in yur cking. Basil, thyme, rsemary, and regan are ppular chices fr enhancing the flavr f Italian dishes. (想想你在烹饪中最常用哪些香草。罗勒、百里香、迷迭香和牛至是提升意大利菜肴风味的热门选择。)”可知，上文列举了几种用于意大利菜肴调味的香草，由此可知，此处应继续举例说明其他香草及其用途。B选项“Lavender, n the ther hand, is nt nly great fr baking but als has a sthing arma. (另一方面，薰衣草不仅非常适合烘焙，而且有一种令人舒缓的香气。)”通过“n the ther hand”引出另一种香草，与前文例子相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
5．根据空前的“Yu can imprve the sil quality by adding cmpst, aged manure, r peat mss. (你可以通过添加堆肥、腐熟的粪肥或泥炭苔来改善土壤质量。)”可知，上文提到要改善土壤质量，添加有机物资，结合空后的“This helps the rts f the herbs grw easily. (这有助于香草的根系轻松生长。)”可知，此处应说明疏松土壤
的方法。D选项“Use a garden frk r tiller t lsen the sil t a depth f abut 8-10 inches. (用园艺叉或耕耘机将土壤疏松到约8-10英寸深。)” 具体说明了改善土壤的操作方法，承接上文，符合逻辑。故选D项。
二、阅读理解
6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，
虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“While technlgical advancements have enhanced the cnvenience f urban cmmuting in recent years, envirnmental studies reveal a wrrying decline in urban green spaces, especially in densely ppulated districts. Many residents cmplain that there’s insufficient access t nature-filled areas fr relaxatin and exercise, s they end up spending mre time indrs, relying n virtual entertainment.(近年来，尽管科技进步提升了城市通勤的便利性，但环境研究显示，城市绿地正以令人担忧的速度减少，在人口密集区域尤为明显。许多居民抱怨，能够供他们放松和锻炼的自然区域不足，因此他们不得不更多地待在室内，依赖虚拟娱乐打发时间)”可知，作者在第一段主要强调了城市绿地减少导致居民生活方式的改变。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mst ntably, a cmmunity rganizer frm Seattle, wh relcated t the city in the early 2000s, launched a mvement t save a lcal wetlands area frm being cnverted int a shpping mall. Expressing her utrage at the planned destructin, Emily Clark appealed t the city cuncil t “Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life cexist harmniusly, nt just a place f cncrete and cmmerce.” Similar initiatives tk place in ther majr cities acrss the cuntry in the 2010s.(最值得关注的是，一位21世纪初移居西雅图的社区组织者发起了一场运动，旨在阻止当地一片湿地被改建成购物中心。埃米莉・克拉克对这一计划中的破坏行为表示愤怒，她向市议会呼吁：“要将西雅图打造成自然与城市生活和谐共存的城市，而不只是一座充斥着混凝土建筑和商业活动的地方。”)”可知，西雅图社区组织者和其他活动者试图守护城市自然空间，追求平衡生活方式。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The cverage f natural areas in cities has been shrinking steadily. In Califrnia, fr instance, the rati f urban green spaces t ttal city area has drpped t a recrd lw, even as the state prmtes envirnmental prtectin campaigns.(城市自然区域的覆盖面积一直在稳步缩小。例如，在加州，城市绿地占城市总面积的比例已降至历史最低水平，尽管该州正在推动环保运动)”推知，21世纪初加州的环保活动未能扭转绿地面积不断萎缩的趋势。故选B。
9．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段“We invest substantial resurces in building urban infrastructure that priritizes speed and efficiency, yet we neglect t cnsider the true value f green spaces. D we fully cmprehend the scial and psychlgical csts when citizens lack easy access t natural envirnments fr mental rejuvenatin? The authrs f Green Living are spt-n: it’s high time we re-evaluate the urban landscapes right utside ur hmes.(我们投入大量资源建设以速度和效率为优先的城市基础设施，却忽视了绿地的真正价值。当市民难以就近接触自然环境以滋养心灵时，我们是否充分意识到其中的社会成本与心理代价？《绿色生活》的作者们说得很对：是时候重新审视我们家门口的城市风貌了)”可知，文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁，因此A项“Urban Rush: Sacrificing Nature?(都市快速发展：牺牲自然？)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
三、 完形填空
10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了雷莎·莱尔影响巴西女孩滑板运动的发展。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在巴西人认识了2020年东京奥运会滑板比赛银牌得主“小仙女”雷莎·莱尔后，不可能的事情发生了。A. funniest最有趣的；B. wrst最差的；C. unfrtunate不幸的；D. impssible不可能的。根据前文“n matter hw hard Nicle Amar asked her parents t let her skatebard, they refused t give in.”可知，一开始父母不同意她玩滑板，后来因为雷莎·莱尔的出现父母同意了，所以这是不可能的事情发生了。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. training训练；B. cmpetitin比赛；C. play玩耍；D. park公园。根据后文“at Tky 2020 Olympics”可知，雷莎·莱尔是在东京奥运会的滑板比赛中获得银牌。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我的父母不想让我受伤。但当他们观看奥运会时，他们意识到这是一项很棒的运动，他们终于克服了他们的担忧，”阿马罗在训练营接受她的第一个两小时滑板课时说。A. well-paid报酬高的；B. dangerus危险的；C. great很棒的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文“they have finally vercme their cncern”可知，父母意识到这是一项很棒的运动，所以克服了担忧。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想成为像雷莎·莱尔一样的人，赢得奖牌。”A. medals奖牌；B. electin选举；C. battles战斗；D. mney钱。根据前文“I want t be just like Rayssa Leal”可知，雷莎·莱尔在奥运会获得银牌，所以阿马罗也想像她一样赢得奖牌。故选A。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练营老板桑德罗·迪亚斯说，在2020年东京奥运会前的正常日子里，他曾经收到一两个女孩寻求上课的消息。A. lng长的；B. happy快乐的；C. sunny晴朗的；D. nrmal正常的。根据后文“befre Tky 2020 Olympics”可知，此处指在东京奥运会前的正常日子里。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，雷莎·莱尔第一次走进美国人的视野，当时一段视频显示，这个7岁的女孩穿着蓝色连衣裙，试图滑下三级台阶。A. intrduced介绍；B. allwed允许；C. driven驾驶；D. taken带。后文“American skatebarding superstar Tny Hawk 9 the vide n scial media”提到美国滑板巨星转发了雷莎·莱尔的视频并在网络走红，故此处指雷莎·莱尔第一次被介绍给美国公众。故选A。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. refusing拒绝；B. declaring宣布；C. attempting试图；D. expecting期待。根据后文“She failed twice”可知，她试图滑下三级台阶。故选C。
17．考查数词词义辨析。句意：她失败了两次，但在第三次尝试时——戴着翅膀——她成功到达了降落点。A. first第一；B. secnd第二；C. third第三；D. furth第四。根据前文“She failed twice”可知，第三次尝试成功了。故选C。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国滑板巨星托尼·霍克在社交媒体上分享了这段视频，并称她为“小仙女”。A. recrded记录；B. shared分享；C. cut切割；D. saved拯救。根据后文“n scial media”可知，托尼·霍克在社交媒体上分享了这段视频。故选B。
19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它像野火一样在互联网上传播开来。A. blcked ut挡住；B. spread acrss传播；C. cvered with覆盖；D. respnded t回应。根据后文“like wildfires”可知，视频被分享后，在网上广泛传播。故选B。
20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他们建立了亲密的关系，莱尔亲切地称他为“托尼小叔叔”。A. carelessly粗心地；B. calmly冷静地；C. rudely粗鲁地；D. sweetly亲切地。根据后文“calls him “little Uncle Tny”.”可知，两人关系密切，所以莱尔亲切地称呼他。故选D。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像32岁的莱蒂西亚·布福尼这样的先驱者，很难在比赛中获得认可。A. acceptance认可；B. independence独立；C. cnfidence自信；D. experience经历。根据后文“When Bufni was 10, her dad 13 her skatebard in an attempt t put an end t her hbby.”可知，女性滑板运动员很难在比赛中获得认可。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布福尼10岁时，她的父亲毁掉了她的滑板，试图结束她的爱好。A. repaired修理；B. destryed毁掉；C. painted粉刷；D. built建造。根据后文“in an attempt t put an end t her hbby”可知，父亲想终止她的爱好，所以毁掉了滑板。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为女孩不应该玩滑板，因为他以前从未见过女人玩滑板。A. girls女孩；B. students学生；C. adults成人；D. teenagers青少年。根据后文“because he had never seen a wman d it befre.”可知，父亲认为女孩不应该玩滑板。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在莱尔参加奥运会后，巴西的父母们最终也不能再这么说了。A. quietly安静地；B. necessarily必要地；C. cnveniently方便地；D. eventually最终。根据前文“After Leal’s Olympic shwing”可知，莱尔的表现改变了人们对女孩滑板的看法，所以父母们最终不再反对。故选D。
四、语法填空
25． heating 26．engineered 27．that 28．is exceeded 29．criticism
30．vlumes 31．readily 32．the 33．by 34．because
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家发现一种常见水生植物浮萍可提供绿色能源及原因。
25．考查名词。句意：将这种植物油转化为用于运输和供暖的生物柴油，可能是更具可持续性的未来的重要组成部分。空处和transprtatin并列，作介词fr的宾语，应用名词heating“供暖”。故填heating。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：生物化学家约翰·尚克林说，进一步的研究可能会在未来几年内使经过基因改造的浮萍的产油量增加一倍。空处修饰名词duckweed，作定语，engineer“改变……的基因”和duckweed为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填engineered。
27．考查定语从句。句意：生物燃料不同于地下形成的化石燃料，它具有可再生性，而它们的再生速度快于它们的消耗速度。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词fssil fuels，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
28．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。空处为whereas后句子的谓语，根据pssess可知，本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语cnsumptin rate和exceed“超过”为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is exceeded。
29．考查名词。句意：这种批评部分归因于这样一个事实，即大量农作物现在被转向能源生产，而不是食品供应，而全球超过1亿英亩的农业用地被生物燃料种植所占用。空处作主语，需填名词criticism“批评”。故填criticism。
30．考查名词。句意同上。本空为that引导的同位语从句的主语，用名词vlume“量”，根据are可知，用复数形式。故填vlumes。
31．考查副词。句意：首先，它很容易在水中生长，所以不会与粮食作物争夺农业用地。空处修饰动词grws，应用副词readily“容易地”，作状语。故填readily。
32．考查冠词。句意：尚克林说，对于这项新研究，研究人员添加了一个产油基因，“在植物停止生长时，像打开电灯开关一样启动它”，只引入一种特定的分子。此处特指上文提到的a new study，应用定冠词the。故填the。
33．考查介词。句意同上。本空表示“通过”，应用介词by。故填by。
34．考查连词。句意：尚克林说，因为浮萍是一种非主流作物，没有太多的现有基础设施。空处引导原因状语从句，需用because引导。故填because。