热点话题03 海洋探索——科学家重建了3万年的海洋之旅（阅读专练）-2026年高考英语复习 时文热点阅读系列（全国通用）

这是一份热点话题03 海洋探索——科学家重建了3万年的海洋之旅（阅读专练）-2026年高考英语复习 时文热点阅读系列（全国通用），文件包含热点话题03海洋探索科学家重建了3万年的海洋之旅阅读专练原卷版-2026年高考英语复习时文热点阅读系列全国通用docx、热点话题03海洋探索科学家重建了3万年的海洋之旅阅读专练解析版-2026年高考英语复习时文热点阅读系列全国通用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
目录
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解
【原创·阅读理解】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【7选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
时文精读
读
【话题·导语】
古代的人们如何用简单的工具和很少的科学知识进行漫长而危险的海洋旅行到新的地方？为了验证他们的想法，研究人员用石头工具从一棵树上造了一艘独木舟重新演绎了这个过程。
【原文·时文阅读】
（文章来源：httpsnewsfrkids.net/articles/2025/07/31/scientists-recreate-30000-year-ld-cean-jurney/）
Scientists frm Japan and Taiwan may have slved an ld mystery: hw did ancient peple with simple tls and little scientific knwledge make lng, dangerus cean trips t new places? T test their ideas, the researchers made a trip f their wn in a cane they built frm a tree using stne tls.
The first humans began appearing in Japan arund 30,000-35,000 years ag. Sme may have arrived using land bridges that existed at the time. But scientists believe that thers arrived by bat. It’s likely that ancient peple crssed the sea frm Taiwan t reach Japan’s Ryukyu islands.
But it wasn’t clear what kinds f bats might have allwed ancient peple t cmplete such a dangerus sea vyage. There are 70 miles (110 kilmeters) f pen cean between Taiwan and Ynaguni, the nearest f the Ryukyu islands. T make things mre difficult, the rute crsses the Kurshi current, which is ne f the wrld’s strngest cean currents.
Yusuke Kaifu is a scientist at the University f Tky. He has lng wndered what kinds f bats ancient peple culd have used t make the trip. The peple wuld have had n maps, n metal tls, and nly the bats they culd make by hand.
Dr. Kaifu and his team began by explring reed bats. Since reeds flat, the researchers used large bundles f reeds, strapped tgether with vines, t make bats. But a 2016 test shwed that the bats were t slw t handle the strng Kurshi current. The same was true f the bamb bats the team tried in 2017 and 2018.
Finally, the team decided t investigate a “dugut cane”, made frm a hllwed-ut tree. Again, they tried t d everything using nly the tls available rughly 30,000 years ag. They made stne axes and used them t cut dwn a cedar tree that was three feet (91 centimeters) acrss.
Then, still using stne tls, they hllwed ut the lg. Their effrts turned the lg int a 25-ft (7.5-meter) cane.
In July f 2019, fur men and ne wman set ut frm Wushibi, Taiwan in the cane. Their gal, Ynaguni, was 140 miles (225 kilmeters) away. And t get there, they’d have t make it acrss the Kurshi current.
T guide them, the bat’s crew culd nly use things that they culd see, like the stars and the sun. The trip was exhausting. But after 45 hurs – nearly tw days – f paddling, they arrived at Ynaguni.
Dr. Kaifu says, “We nw knw that these canes are fast and durable [tugh] enugh t make the crssing.” But he adds that the success f such a crssing in the past wuld have depended greatly n the skill f the crew.
“Thse male and female pineers must have all been experienced paddlers,” he said. The researchers’ reprt pints ut that in spite f their very basic tls, the ancient sailrs managed t d smething that was “extrardinary”.
【原创·阅读理解】
1.Why didn't the bamb bats make the trip frm Wushibi t Ynaguni？
A.Because the bats were t weak t handle the strng Kurshi current.
B.Because the bats were t slw t deal with the strng Kurshi current.
C.Because the bats were difficult t cntrl in the strng Kurshi current.
D.Because the bats were nt strng enugh t make the lng trip.
2.What made the trip frm Wushibi t Ynaguni a success？
A.Stars and the sun.
B.Skill f the crew.
C.The bamb bats.
D.The reed bats.
3.What des the underlined wrd “paddlers”mean in the last paragraph?
A.pineers.
B. researchers .
C.ancient peple.
D.Caneists.
4.What is the main idea f the passage?
A.Hw did the ancient peple arrive in Japan?
B.Hw t build the cane.
C.Hw did ancient peple make lng cean trips?
D.Hw t guide them in the cean trips.
【课标词汇积累】
1.mystery n.秘密，谜, 神秘，神秘的事物
● The sudden disappearance f the schl hamster remains a mystery, thugh sme suspect it escaped thrugh an pen cage.学校仓鼠的突然失踪仍是个谜，尽管有人怀疑它是从打开的笼子里逃走的。
2.scientific adj.科学（上）的, 细致严谨的
●Our scientific experiment n plant grwth shwed that sunlight is crucial fr phtsynthesis.
我们关于植物生长的科学实验表明，阳光对光合作用至关重要。
3.ancient adj.古代的, 古老的; n.古人
●The library has an ancient textbk frm the 1950s, which still cntains useful histry ntes.
图书馆有一本20世纪50年代的古老教科书，里面仍有有用的历史笔记。
4.vyage n.航行，航海, 航天; v.旅行, （尤指）航海旅行
●The schl trip t the science museum felt like a vyage f discvery fr the students.
对学生们来说，去科学博物馆的学校旅行就像一次探索之旅。
5.explre v.在…探险, 探讨, 勘探, 摸索
● Learning hw t handle stress during exams is an imprtant skill fr students.
学会如何在考试期间应对压力是学生的一项重要技能。
6.handle n.拉手, 把手, 有柄的, 方法; v.应付, 处理
● Learning hw t handle stress during exams is an imprtant skill fr students.
学会如何在考试期间应对压力是学生的一项重要技能。
7.investigate v.调查, 研究
● The student cuncil decided t investigate why s many peple were late t class.
学生会决定调查为什么这么多人上课迟到。
8.available adj.可用的，可获得的, 有空的
●The new study rm will be available fr students starting next Mnday.
新的自习室将从下周一开放给学生使用。
9.rughly adv.粗略地, 大体上, 大致上, 粗暴地
●Rughly 70% f the students prefer nline assignments ver handwritten nes.
大约70%的学生更喜欢在线作业而非手写作业。
10.durable adj.耐用的, 持久的
● The schl’s new durable backpacks are designed t last fr at least three years.
学校新推出的耐用书包设计至少能使用三年。
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.The _____________ f the missing cafeteria fd was slved when they fund the raccn hiding in the pantry.
2.Our science club cnducted a _____________ survey n sleep habits amng high schl students.
3.The _____________ traditin f signing yearbks still brings students tgether at the end f term.
4.Jining the debate team felt like a _____________ int unknwn territry fr the shy freshman.
5. The gegraphy assignment encuraged us t _____________ cultural differences thrugh internatinal pen pals.
6.Teachers taught us hw t _____________disagreements respectfully during grup prjects.
7.The principal asked the student cuncil t _____________ cmplaints abut nisy study halls.
8.Free tutring is _____________ every Thursday in the library fr math and physics.
9._____________ half the class vted t extend the lunch break by 10 minutes.
10.The _____________ lab cats can withstand frequent washing and chemical spills.
【参考译文】
日本和台湾的科学家可能破解了一个古老谜题：古代人类如何仅凭简陋工具和有限科学知识，完成漫长而危险的远洋航行抵达新大陆？为验证这一猜想，研究人员用石器在树干上打造独木舟进行模拟航行。约3万至3.5万年前，首批人类开始在日本出现。部分族群可能通过当时存在的陆桥迁徙而来，但科学家认为更多人是乘船抵达。据推测，古人很可能从台湾渡海来到日本琉球群岛，但具体使用何种船只完成如此危险的航海仍是个未解之谜。台湾与最近的琉球群岛——与那国岛之间，隔着长达70英里(110公里）的开阔海域。更棘手的是，这条航线需穿越全球最强洋流之一的黑潮。东京大学科学家川井悠介长期研究古船技术，他始终好奇古人究竟使用何种船只完成这段航程。当时人们既无地图也无金属工具，只能依靠手工制作的船只。川井团队最初尝试芦苇船，由于芦苇易浮，他们用藤条捆绑成大束芦苇造船。但2016年的测试显示，这种船型在黑潮中速度过慢难以驾驭。2017至2018年间团队试水竹制船时也遭遇同样困境。最终，研究团队决定考察一艘用挖空树木制成的“独木舟”。他们再次尝试仅使用约3万年前的原始工具完成所有操作：先制作石斧砍伐一棵直径达三英尺(91厘米）的雪松，再用石器将原木挖空，最终打造出一艘长达25英尺（7.5米）的独木舟。2019年7月，四名男性和一名女性从台湾武溪出发，目标是距离140英里(225公里）外的与那国岛。为穿越黑潮，他们只能依靠肉眼观测的星辰太阳导航。这场跋涉异常艰辛，经过近两天（45小时）的划桨，他们终于抵达与那国岛。凯夫博士表示：“现在我们知道这些独木舟既快速又足够坚固，足以完成横渡。”但他补充说，过去类似壮举的成功与否很大程度上取决于船员的驾船技艺：“那些先驱者必定都是经验丰富的划手。”研究报告指出，尽管工具简陋，古代航海者仍完成了堪称“非凡”的壮举。
好题精练
练
Passage1阅读理解
（2025·宁夏回族自治区银川一中高三下学期第一次模拟）
Scientists have uncvered cmmunities f animals living in vlcanic caves beneath the seaflr, revealing a previusly unknwn but thriving ecsystem. Previus research had fund micrbes (微生物) living undergrund near hydrthermal vents (热液喷口) , but this is the first reprted discvery f larger animals such as tubewrms and snails in the undergrund habitat.
Hydrthermal vents are cracks in the seaflr where ht water frm the Earth’s cre mixes with seawater. Much f the cean flr is cnsidered nearly uninhabitable. But arund hydrthermal vents there’s an explsin f life. Cmmunities f shrimp, crabs, tubewrms and hundreds f unique animal species have been previusly fund, but nt underneath, these vents. They’re knwn as “extremphiles,” r life that can survive under extremely high temperatures and pressure. These species survive nt n the sun’s energy, which fuels the fd web elsewhere n Earth, but n nutrients prduced when seawater mixes with magma.
Recent scientific research has revealed that tubewrms and sea snails can be fund nt nly n tp f the seaflr but als underneath rcky sectins. This discvery has the ptential t significantly advance ur understanding f these species’ life cycle and behavir. The researchers think tubewrms might disperse thrughut the caves, with sme settling and grwing in cracks n the seaflr and thers staying in the caves and grwing t adulthd there—which wuld mean the seaflr and small caves underneath are an intercnnected ecsystem, where cld and warm water flws mix and prmte tubewrm grwth.
The hydrthermal vent ecsystem in this area is nt restricted t what we see abve but includes life in the subsurface. Deep-sea mining, which invlves extracting (获取) minerals frm the deep seabed, is a majr threat t deep-sea ecsystems and is ppsed by scientists and cnservatin rganizatins. “We dn’t knw hw extensive thse cnnected little caves are, and we’re unable t assess the bidiversity within the subsurface. Since seaflr ecsystems are likely intercnnected. Large stretches f the seaflr need t be prtected.” says Rachel Lauer, a gelgist at the University f Caigary.
1．What des the new study reveal?
A．Vlcanic activity is frequent in the deep sea.
B．Larger animals thrive beneath the cean flr.
C．There is a cmmunity f micrbes undergrund.
D．Hydrthermal vents shape the marine ecsystem.
2．What d we knw abut species living arund hydrthermal vents?
A．They feed n underwater plants.
B．They rely n sunlight fr energy.
C．They can survive in extreme cnditins.
D．They favr a relatively ht envirnment.
3．What des the underlined wrd “disperse” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Flat.B．Evlve.
C．Frustrate.D．Spread
4．What is the purpse f the last paragraph?
A．T call n peple t prtect seaflr ecsystems.
B．T stress the imprtance f cnserving bidiversity.
C．T explain the link between vlcanic caves and the seaflr.
D．T shw the effect f deep-sea mining n life in the subsurface.
【长难句分析】
【文章原句】The researchers think tubewrms might disperse thrughut the caves, with sme settling and grwing in cracks n the seaflr and thers staying in the caves and grwing t adulthd there—which wuld mean the seaflr and small caves underneath are an intercnnected ecsystem, where cld and warm water flws mix and prmte tubewrm grwth.
【句式分析】 这个长句是一个包含多层信息的复合句，通过破折号和连接词将多个分句逻辑串联。Think后宾语从句，宾语从句中，with sme settling and grwing in cracks n the seaflr and thers staying in the caves and grwing t adulthd there是with的独立主格结构，sme和thers并列，staying和grwing并列，破折号解释作用，用非限制性定语从句引导，定语从句中mean相当于系动词，其后是表语从句，其中where引导定语从句。
【翻译】研究人员认为，管状蠕虫可能会分散到整个洞穴中，一些管状蠕虫会在海底的裂缝中定居和生长，另一些则留在洞穴中，在那里长大成年——这意味着海底和海底的小洞穴是一个相互联系的生态系统，冷水和暖水混合流动，促进管状蠕虫的生长。
Passage2阅读理解
（2026·广西部分学校高三上学期开学）
Enric Sala is a frmer university prfessr, and quit the academic field t becme a full-time envirnmental prtectr. In 2008, he funded Pristine Seas, a prject that cmbines explratin, research, public plicy and media t inspire the creatin f cean prtectin areas. It aims t prtect at least 30% f the cean by 2030 fr the benefit f nature and humanity. Less than 8% is currently prtected.
T date, the prject has helped t create 29 f the largest cean reserves n the planet, cvering an area f ver 6.9 millin square kilmeters, an area which is twice the size f India. The achievements are the result f Enric’s 36 trips acrss the glbe, frm the Suthern Line Islands t Greenland and Alaska.
The nging cean prtectin effrts shw Enric’s lifelng passin. He says he admires a famus French filmmaker and undersea explrer. Grwing up in Catalnia in the 1970s, he wuld sit in frnt f TV watching his her every Sunday. He was fascinated by the amazing places, the brave underwater explrers and the wnderful creatures. All was what he wanted t d in his life.
Enric writes that in the last century alne, humans have remved ver 90% f the cean’s large fish, yet less than 8%f the cean is under prtectin. It is pssible t make the cean cntinuusly beneficial t peple and the planet. All humans must d is rewild the sea. Enric writes that preserving the planet’s wild places, n land and in the cean, is a matter f human survival and ecnmic imprtance in his bk, The Nature f Nature: Why We Need the Wild, published in 2020. The prcess f rewilding, r recvering and prtecting natural prcesses, allws nature t d the hard wrk fr us.
Mentining the successes f wildlife recvery in Yellwstne Natinal Park, Mzambique Natinal Parks, and the Suthern Line Islands, Enric adds that ur natural wrld can be a lasting and strng engine f regeneratin (再生), and that we just need t give it sme space.
5．What is the gal f Pristine Seas by the year they set?
A．T prtect at least a third f the cean.
B．T cnserve a minimum f 30% f the cean.
C．T dcument underwater species in Catalnia.
D．T build 29 f the largest cean reserves n Earth.
6．What inspired Enric t devte himself t cean prtectin?
A．His dream f becming a famus sea explrer.
B．His tiring experience as a university prfessr.
C．His passin fr the unknwn underwater wrld.
D．His admiratin fr what a French filmmaker did.
7．Accrding t Enric, what is essential t hld the cean’s benefits t humans?
A．Rewilding the sea.B．Strengthening fishing activities.
C．Increasing cean explratin.D．Educating peple n marine life.
8．Why des Enric mentin the example f the wildlife recvery successes?
A．T highlight the imprtance f natinal parks.
B．T prve that nature can regenerate if given space.
C．T criticize the impact f human activities n wildlife.
D．T cmpare different methds f envirnmental prtectin.
【词汇积累】
1.quit .离开, 放弃，离任, 停止，戒掉, 退出（程序） 2.envirnmental adj.环境的, 自然/生态环境的
3.humanity n.人类, 人性, 人道, 人文学科 4. inspire v.激励, 启发, 赋予灵感, 唤起(感情), 吸入（空气）
5.fascinated adj.着迷的, 被深深吸引的 6.beneficial adj.有益的，有帮助的 7.cntinuusly adv.连续不断地，接连地, 时时刻刻 8.regeneratin n.再生, 恢复, （灵魂的）重生
Passage 3 7选5
（2026·广东省部分学校高三上学期开学）
Turists walking alng Australia’s Sunshine Cast nw find an unusual suvenir (纪念品) shp. Instead f plastic tys, shelves are filled with sandcastle kits made frm dried seaweed. These earth-friendly mlds (模具) create temprary sculptures. 1
The “Ocean Shapes” cmpany makes these special kits. Each $15 set includes three tys that break dwn naturally and are shaped like sea turtles, starfish, and seashells, plus a small digging tl. Their website says: “ 2 Watch them return t the sea. This is hw vacatin memries shuld disappear.” Bright green packaging shws children building a sandcastle that slwly disappears with the waves. “Every kit sld funds beach clean-up prgrams,” says the cmpany’s bss, a frmer surfing star.
Sunshine Cast’s white beaches attract millins yearly. 3 Last year, vlunteers picked up ver 12 tns f rubbish left by visitrs just during Christmas. Old plastic beach tys make up 40% f this waste, taking 500 years t break dwn. Brken tls ften hurt sea animals that think they’re fd.
4 Fr twenty years, scientists have tried using seaweed instead f plastic. They bil seaweed int thick liquid, and then press it int shapes. Old versins had bad smells, but new methds remve them while keeping the material strng.
Mayr Tm Carter likes the idea but says, “We ask visitrs t buy lcal hney r handmade hats. Our surf schls nw ffer seaweed tys fr free t make less waste. If yu buy them and they dn’t disappear fully, take the pieces away. 5 ” Next summer, his team will add bright yellw seaweed recycling bxes shaped like dlphins n busy beaches.
A．The cean isn’t a rubbish bin.
B．Play with nature, nt against it.
C．Keep the material strng enugh fr play.
D．Seaweed prducts are nt cmpletely new.
E．Yu have t return the seaweed tys in advance.
F．They can break dwn in the cean within hurs, nt plluting it.
G．Famus fr clear water and surfing, this area has grwing plastic prblems.
Passage 4 完形填空
（2025·河南省新郑双语高级中学提升卷03）
Using the natural elements arund her, Kala Baybatan Tanaka navigated (航行) the cean in a small bat.
Kala has deep ties t her Hawaiian rts. Her ancestrs 1 the ceans fr centuries using their 2 f the stars, the sun, the currents and the wind. Tday, she des the same. She uses the 3 technlgy arund her. It’s called Wayfinding, and it was 4 t her by her father. He taught her hw t read the stars and hw t 5 them t hld the curse.
During the day, Kala used the 6 until it hit a certain height. When she gt clser t 7 , she lked fr certain species f land birds and statinary (不变的) cluds that 8 there was land belw.
The 9 frm Califrnia t Hawaii required Kala t spend lng hurs 10 the day and the night skies. When she is nt 11 , she teaches Wayfinding skills t schl-aged children in hpes f 12 the skills that her ancestrs used t 13 .
It’s easy t get lst in the technlgy f ur day, t be cnsumed by screens and 14 the nature arund us. But if we take the time t lk up, t see the stars and the sun, the way the cluds mve, we will discver smething that will 15 lead t happiness.
1．A．discveredB．representedC．prtectedD．navigated
2．A．interestB．inspiratinC．knwledgeD．backgrund
3．A．artificialB．naturalC．culturalD．natinal
4．A．ppsedB．taughtC．mvedD．pushed
5．A．useB．reprtC．evaluateD．avid
6．A．starB．windC．mnD．sun
7．A．landB．waterC．sandD．desert
8．A．prmisedB．describedC．shwedD．advcated
9．A．vyageB．flightC．adventureD．experience
10．A．searchingB．enjyingC．affectingD．studying
11．A．ckingB．sailingC．cleaningD．playing
12．A．preventingB．prducingC．preservingD．chsing
13．A．rely nB．turn ffC．break awayD．calm dwn
14．A．appreciateB．acceptC．nticeD．miss
15．A．hardlyB．alwaysC．neverD．seldm
Passage 5 语法填空
（2025·辽宁省名校联盟高考模拟卷押题卷英语（一））
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Earth’s ceans are vast bdies f salty water that cver abut 71% f the Earth’s surface. There are fur majr ceans, 1 are divided by land masses.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest, cvering ver 63 millin square miles. It stretches frm the Arctic t the Suthern Ocean and 2 (bund) by Asia, Australia and the Americas.
The Atlantic Ocean, the secnd-largest, 3 (cver) an area f abut 41 millin square miles, lying between the Americas, Eurpe and Africa, with the Arctic Ocean t the nrth and the Suthern Ocean t the suth.
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest, cvering almst 20% f the wrld’s water surface. It is surrunded by Asia, Africa, Australia and the Suthern Ocean.
The Arctic Ocean, 4 (lcate) in the Arctic plar regin, is the smallest. It is almst centered n the Nrth Ple and is brdered by Eurasia, Nrth America and Greenland.
These ceans are mving cnstantly due 5 currents and waves. They play a crucial rle in 6 (adjust) the Earth’s climate by absrbing heat frm 7 atmsphere. The ceans are als hme t a vast range f sea life, including 8 (whale), the largest creatures n Earth.
Human activities have 9 (significance) impacts n the health f the ceans. Understanding the ceans is essential fr the 10 (survive) f ur planet, as they are a critical part f the Earth’s life supprt system.